著者

西澤 昭

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.1-9, 2012-03-31 (Released:2012-11-01)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

2

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Some pre- and primary schools are running barefoot programs where children spend days with barefoot. This study reviewed research on barefoot education and made some recommendations in education. One of the goals of barefoot is to develop the arch height which is difficult to measure directly. Instead, the footprint image is mainly used to estimate arch height. There are some limitations to the footprint image method, since the method estimates the vertical arch height from the horizontal footprint. However a large number of studies showed that the developed medial longitudinal arch judged by the H-line is likely to have normal arch height. In case of less developed longitudinal arch, both greater BMI due to less physical activities and developed sole muscles seen in some athletes might be valid explanations. Barefoot programs were shown to develop the medial longitudinal arch probably due to more activities of foot fingers than to the case of being tightly bound in shoes. Children with flat feet are recommended to go barefoot unless she or he is diagnosed and recommended to receive medical treatment. Increased balance ability, less occurrences of catching a cold, decreased injury cases, among others are also reported as beneficial aspects of going barefoot.

著者

上代 圭子 野川 春夫

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1-2, pp.19-31, 2013-03-31 (Released:2013-09-20)

参考文献数

29

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In studying retired professional athletes in Japan, the conditions faced by football players have been comparatively worse than those for professional athletes in other sports. The average retirement age for a Japanese professional football player is about 26 years old. The J.League has not offered any special pension benefits and retirement plans since its inauguration. Therefore, a J.League player will have more difficulties upon retirement with no guaranteed income. The purpose of this study was to determine the career process of former Japanese professional football players who were subject to both voluntary and involuntary retirement and to verify the usefulness of the Role Exit Model for these players. This research study is a followup survey of our previous empirical study (1999). The sample size for the former professional football players was 32. Who participated in the previous study (1999). The research method and procedure, as well as analytical methods were all the same as in the 1999 study. The research methods and procedures of this study were identical to the study of Drahota & Eitzen (1998).On the basis of a series of semi-structured interviews, the following conclusions were drawn; (1) Most Japanese former football players from the early generation of the J.League, faced their turning point involuntarily, but were willing to take up the second career voluntarily. Many of them stayed in the football circle. The role residual of "Ex" identity appeared to last a long time for most of them. They have not completely lost their identity as a professional football player; in other words, they have not achieved "Role Exit" from the professional football player completely. (2) The Role Exit Model of Drahota & Eitzen (1998) should be modified in the context of the Japanese former football players. Because they have not lost their "Ex" identity completely, this model should be named "Semi Role Exit Model".

著者

松原 優

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.23-32, 2022 (Released:2022-05-25)

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So far, little attention has been paid to the way sport consumers evaluate their community networks (i.e., social network quality). Therefore, the following three objectives were set for this study: (1) to quantify multidimensionally the evaluation of community ties through sports as social network quality, (2) to examine the influence of social network quality on conative loyalty, and (3) to examine the relationship between social network quality and to clarify the causal relationship between social network quality and attachment to the region where one currently resides, as well as the relationship including conative loyalty. Then, the relationships among social network quality, attachment to the region, and conative loyalty were examined. The data were collected from an online survey panel that followed for the prefectural teams in a national high school baseball tournament. The results showed that social network quality and attachment to the region were significant antecedents of conative loyalty. Furthermore, the results suggest that the positive effect of social network quality on intention to continue support is mediated by attachment to the region. This result extends previous studies focusing on consumer experience quality and allows for a new measurement of consumer experience quality, which is an evaluation of the quality of social relationships.

著者

谷所 慶

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.77-84, 2021 (Released:2022-01-29)

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The sign steeling in baseball is the observing and relaying of signs given by the opposing catcher to the pitcher, and this illegal action is reported frequently. The purpose of this study was to research the existing situations in Japanese high school baseball, and to investigate the coaches and players attitude to sign steeling.   A questionnaire survey was conducted on 258 university male students who belonged to baseball club when they were high school students. The main contents of survey were following; highest competitive result, presence or absence of experience of sign steeling, effectiveness of sign steeling, and attitude to sign steeling of coaches and players.   As a result, 85 out of 258 students carried out sign stealing (32.9%), and 74 out of 85 students answered that it was effective (87.0%). There is no significant relationship between competitive result and experience of sign steeling, therefore sign steeling was carried out at any competitive level. We conducted a Chi-square test and the results revealed significant relationship between the attitude to sign steeling of coaches and the experiences of sign steeling (p<0.01). These results indicated that the sign steeling in Japanese high school baseball can be reduced by coaches’ attitude to prohibition against sign steeling.

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.55-79, 2021 (Released:2021-07-20)

著者

紺田 俊 冨山 浩三

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.17-27, 2021 (Released:2021-07-20)

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of spectators' satisfaction at track and field events based on place attachment, event image, and local image. The research method comprised a preliminary survey conducted at the Japan Track and Field Grand Prix Series at Izumo, while the primary survey was administered at the Japan Track and Field Grand Prix Premier in Hiroshima. Data were collected from 351 spectators, with a response rate of 92.0%. The final analysis was performed on 248 questionnaires. The respondents were spectators living in the Hiroshima prefecture. The measurement scale utilized for this investigation adopted overall spectator satisfaction, local image, event image, and place attachment. The items that converged in the preliminary survey were adopted in the main survey and analyzed by structural equation modeling. As a result of hypothesis testing, overall satisfaction in a game was found to exert a positive effect on the event image and on the local image. The event image had a positive effect on the local image, and the local image had a positive effect on place attachment. Therefore, spectators of the resident host enhance attachment to the hosting region through the improvement of the event image and the local image of spectators.

著者

元嶋 菜美香 杉山 佳生

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.27-36, 2022 (Released:2022-12-07)

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Sports volunteers are essential for maintaining and promoting the sports environment. However, with the diversification of activities and changes in individual values, there are a lot of problems. Because of the chronic shortfall of sports volunteers, it is important to identify factors of participation and continuity in recent years.   The purpose of this study is to organize the research methods and factors through a systematic review of studies on the factors of participation and continuity of sports volunteers, and to overview the gap between definitions and actual activities. We selected 32 articles published in Japan that research on factors related to participation and continuation of sports volunteers.   As a result, 18 studies did not specify the definitions of sports volunteers in their studies. Secondly, the common research methods were questionnaires using original scales, and no studies using theoretical models that included continuation behavior. We summarized the factors associated with participation and continuation, most common motive for participation was altruistic. In addition, it was suggested that positive experiences such as "enjoyment" and "satisfaction" in the activity may contribute to the sports volunteer’s continuation.   Finally, it was suggested that the type of sports support activities covered by the survey deviated from the definition of sports volunteerism, and that the survey participants may have a different perception from the definition.

著者

田引 俊和 渡邊 浩美

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.37-45, 2022 (Released:2022-12-07)

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This study focuses on the national games of Special Olympics Nippon, a sports organization for people with intellectual disabilities, to examine the effects and significance of the games as a lifelong sports event in the formation of a basic sports environment for people with intellectual disabilities in Japan.   In the 1990s, sports for people with intellectual disabilities had yet to achieve widespread recognition on the part of society as a whole, including on the part of family members and other stakeholders, and opportunities and methods were also not yet adequate. In this context, Special Olympics Nippon has staged summer and winter editions of its national games every 4 years, respectively, since its establishment in 1994. In addition to attracting an increasing number of individual athletes with disabilities, these national games have been expanding the number of matches and events held on each occasion. Moreover, in conjunction with the staging of the games, the organizers have popularized the understanding of sports for people with intellectual disabilities and increased membership and bases of activity across the country. These efforts have set the foundation for lifelong sports for people with intellectual disabilities and facilitated both their development and expansion.   In the background of this development has been the foundational idea of the Special Olympics, which emphasize “participation” rather than “record-keeping” and “winning and losing.” Though these games are staged at the national level, athletes are broadly able to take part, regardless of their competitive skill or degree of disability, and it is this characteristic that has arguably led to their subsequent expansion.   On the other hand, some potential needs remain. It will be necessary to create environments in which people with intellectual disabilities can take part in sports over the course of their lives, beyond the frame of school-based education.

著者

松﨑 淳 長ヶ原 誠

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.13-25, 2022 (Released:2022-12-07)

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Previous research has illustrated the need for event organizers to take proactive measures to deal with anticipated accidents of risk concerning the organization of sports events. However, the risk management method adopted by the event organizer at the planning stage of the events, when they are required to decide on whether to hold the events under uncertain circumstances brought about by external risk incidents, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the judgement process in hosting international lifelong-sport events under uncertainty. We collected archival materials and studied the World Masters Games 2021, its organizing committee, and its stakeholders. We identified 13 elements of uncertainty that were significant of stakeholders’ hosting events in uncertainty. These include: reachability of event value, possibility of duplication of event schedule, opaqueness in financing, difficulty in securing staff, difficulty in securing equipment, difficulty in securing event venue, feasibility of pre-event, difficulties in securing participants and ensuring safety, difficulty in securing volunteer-staff, difficulties in developing a cooperation system, transport/accommodation coordination risks, opaqueness of comprehension/agreement of host, and feasibility of holding the ceremony. In order to cope with the uncertainty, the Organizing Committee (1) interviewed relevant organizations, (2) referred to the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and Paralympics Games, (3) conducted a survey on stakeholders of the Games, and (4) collected statistical evidence related to infectious diseases. Based on these measures, the decision to postpone the event to 2022 was made after controlling the uncertainty related to the decision on whether to host the Games or not. Insight into the key uncertainty dimensions of event planning phase in international lifelong-sports events that judgement criteria of postpone is given, and several practical recommendations are suggested for event organizer and event stakeholder.

著者

乾 順紀 長ヶ原 誠 彦次 佳 谷 めぐみ 薗田 大地 松村 雄樹 青山 将己 松﨑 淳 三浦 敬太 山下 耕平

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-2, (Released:2022-08-24)

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The purpose of this study is to examine how the experience of belonging to athletic clubs during adolescence affects an individual's involvement status in sports later in life, and whether the influence differs depending on an individual's age group. Web surveys were given to those over the age of 18 living in the Kansai area. The survey remained open for participants to respond until the total number of responses reached 10,000, and the survey occurred between December 6–10, 2018. First, we treated the experience of belonging to athletic clubs in junior high school and high school as one of two values, either "belonged" or "did not belong." Then, they were divided into four groups as career patterns. In order to examine the relationship between sports career patterns of belonging to athletic clubs and an individual's current sports involvement status, we performed a one-way analysis of variance test. Next, in order to examine the relationship between the effect of the sports career patterns in youth and age, we performed a two-way ANOVA using career patterns and age groups as independent variables and the number of sports participated in and watched over the past year as dependent variables. The results of the ANOVA show significant differences in all items, such as exercise frequency and sports watching and volunteering habits. As the results of the two-way ANOVA show, the effect of the career patterns was significant in all items, and the effect of age groups was also significant in most items. Having experience in athletic club activities in adolescence may significantly contribute to the expansion of an individual's range of exercise and sports involvement after entering adulthood.

著者

青山 将己 山口 泰雄 長ヶ原 誠

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.1-12, 2022 (Released:2022-05-25)

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The purpose of this study was to examine the background and influence of the integration between the Netherlands Olympic Committee and the Netherlands Paralympic Committee. We adopted the framework of a neo-institutional theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two staff of the Netherlands Olympic Committee and the Netherlands Paralympic Committee. In addition, we collected data from the archival materials to complement and check the information obtained from the interview. The analysis was based on thematic analysis. An important milestone in this integration was marked by the signing of a declaration on the initiative of the former State Secretary of the ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports. This declaration was the initiative to integrate disability sport in mainstream sport. The Netherlands Olympic Committee was under formal and positive pressure to sign a country-led declaration, and this integration was " coercive isomorphism." The integration had the advantages of "sharing resources" and "getting fund", led to the strengthening of institutional legitimacy. Also, it had influences on "integration of the national federations and the national disability sport organizations," "grassroots expansion in region sport clubs," and "inclusion of society." Notably, these influences by integration were considered to "mimetic isomorphism" and "normative isomorphism." This study has contributed to the theoretical accumulation of a neo-institutional theory in the context peculiar to sport.

著者

山口 志郎 伊藤 央二

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.13-26, 2020 (Released:2021-01-18)

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By focusing on risk management of trail running events, this study aimed to (a) identify event organizers' risk and risk countermeasures, and (b) examine these relationships between the risk and risk countermeasures. This study conducted semi-structured interviews with six event managers engaged in risk management for the trail running events. The analysis, performed using the modified-grounded theory approach, yielded three risk categories (safety, natural environment, and social risks) and four risk countermeasures (risk avoidance, reduction, transfer, and retention). Notably, safety risk was found to be associated with risk avoidance, reduction, and transfer. By contrast, natural environment and social risks were related to risk avoidance, reduction, and retention. These results offer practical implications for the risk management of participation-based sporting events including trail running events.

著者

石澤 伸弘 横山 茜理 関 朋昭

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.55-62, 2016 (Released:2017-08-16)

被引用文献数

1

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In Hokkaido have been carried out sports training camp of about 2,000 every year, also visited many top sports teams. The purpose of this study was to clarify the selection factors of the top sports teams that have done a sports training camp in Hokkaido. In this study, interviews were carried out two women's basketball teams and a women's softball team, a men's rugby team coaches and the managers to subject. Data obtained by interview, the visualization was conducted by Fish Bone Diagram which was devised by Ishikawa(1956).As a result, facility, support, meal, climate, and name recognition, were five factors of the extraction, the factors for being selected as sports training camp has been shown.

著者

西澤 昭

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.1-9, 2012

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Some pre- and primary schools are running barefoot programs where children spend days with barefoot. This study reviewed research on barefoot education and made some recommendations in education. One of the goals of barefoot is to develop the arch height which is difficult to measure directly. Instead, the footprint image is mainly used to estimate arch height. There are some limitations to the footprint image method, since the method estimates the vertical arch height from the horizontal footprint. However a large number of studies showed that the developed medial longitudinal arch judged by the H-line is likely to have normal arch height. In case of less developed longitudinal arch, both greater BMI due to less physical activities and developed sole muscles seen in some athletes might be valid explanations. Barefoot programs were shown to develop the medial longitudinal arch probably due to more activities of foot fingers than to the case of being tightly bound in shoes. Children with flat feet are recommended to go barefoot unless she or he is diagnosed and recommended to receive medical treatment. Increased balance ability, less occurrences of catching a cold, decreased injury cases, among others are also reported as beneficial aspects of going barefoot.

著者

石田 良恵 江口 秀幸 萩 裕美子 橋本 しをり

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.41-49, 2016 (Released:2017-04-10)

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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effects of skeletal muscle volume improvement through a body mass-based resistance training intervention with or without the intake of Glavonoid. Thirty elderly men were randomly assigned to a Glavonoid(n=15)and to a Placebo (n=15)groups. Both groups underwent a series of resistance training programs, in which 3 exercises were conducted for the trunk and lower limb muscles(20 repetitions/exercise)for 12 weeks. During the training period, the subjects were performed in the exercises, once a week in the gym supervised by fitness instructors and 6 days a week at their own homes. Before and after the training intervention, body composition, muscle thickness and the score of performance test were determined. After the training for 12 weeks, skinfold thickness at the anterior thigh significantly decreased, and muscle thicknesses at the abdomen and anterior thigh increased in the Glavonoid group. In both groups, the sit-up test score significantly improved after the intervention. The relative change in the score of sit-to-stand test was negatively correlated with the pre-intervention score, indicating that the training effect depends on the baseline fitness level. It was concluded that Glavonoid has favorable roles for muscle size and against adiposity in the elderly men when it is combined with a body-mass based resistance training, and that the training intensity should be adjusted for each individual.

著者

前田 和範 冨山 浩三 吉倉 秀和

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1-2, pp.33-42, 2013-03-31 (Released:2013-09-20)

参考文献数

20

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The purpose of this study is to clarify characteristic traits of spectators of newly formed teams in professional sporting leagues. Subjects of this study were spectators at a pre-season match on August 13, 2011 played by Hyogo Prefecture's first pro basketball team, the Hyogo Storks. This game was the Storks first game to which admission was charged. The number of valid responses totaled 302 (97.4%). In order to identify the characteristics of the spectators, we used a cluster analysis using the Push-Pull factors set out by Yoon & Uysal (2005) to obtain a segmentation of the spectators. As a result, we categorized the spectators into four clusters; "spectators who had come to enjoy the game", "spectators who were interested in watching the Storks' first game", "spectators who had a secondary motivation to see the game" and "Hyogo Storks fans". The study revealed that it is possible to increase spectator satisfaction by providing more attractions for a fun day out with respect to spectators who had come to enjoy the game and by creating appeal for enjoying a new experience for spectators who were interested in watching the Storks' first game and Storks fans, who displayed the trait of being innovators. It also revealed that spectator satisfaction could be increased by providing more attractions for the children of spectators who had a secondary motivation to see the game.

著者

松本 眞一

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.1-12, 2015-10-31 (Released:2016-11-20)

参考文献数

13

著者

宇井 美佳 涌井 佐和子

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.39-47, 2015-10-31 (Released:2016-11-20)

参考文献数

15

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This practice report describes the spread of gymnastics lessons in special education schools in Jamaica from October 2011 to October 2013, and the efforts and challenges of participation or holding the Special Olympics Jamaica Annual National Summer Games. This initiative was carried out in cooperation with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Ministry of Education Jamaica, Jamaican Association of Intellectual Disabilities (JAID), Jamaica Amateur Gymnastics Association (JAGA), a local gymnastics school, and Special Olympics Jamaica (SO Jamaica). As part of the effort, approximately 520 students (grades 1–12) from four special education schools participated in gymnastics sessions. A special education gymnastics team participated in competitions, and several of the students were able to participate for the first time in the gymnastics department of the Special Olympics Jamaica 30th Annual National games in June 2013. Following this, in terms of keeping gymnastics education in Jamaica continuously, two challenges have emerged: a lack of resources for teaching gymnastics and the absence of human resources. To make gymnastics education run smoothly, financial and human assistance from developed countries is needed.

著者

稲葉 慎太郎 山口 泰雄 伊藤 克広

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.25-38, 2015-10-31 (Released:2016-11-20)

参考文献数

53

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The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of the social capital formed by the managers of community sport clubs based on the comparison between specified nonprofit corporation clubs and voluntary organization clubs. In this study, the managers of eighteen community sport clubs in the Kinki region were selected as samples. Ten of these clubs were specified nonprofit corporations and eight of these clubs were voluntary organizations. Interviews were conducted using the items explored by Dudwick et al.(2006). These survey items were determined by the result of discussion by a research representative and two collaborators. A hierarchical cluster analysis using text mining was adopted to the data operated. There were two main results of this study. First, the characteristics of the social capital formed by the managers of community sport clubs having specific nonprofit corporation were to make much of the networks built among neighbor community sport clubs, local governments and community groups through their cooperation with each other. Second, the characteristics of the social capital formed by the managers of community sport clubs voluntarily organized were to make much of the networks built among inner groups through coordinating the use of school facilities. These findings suggested that the social capital formed by the managers of community sport clubs having specific nonprofit corporation tended to spread out outer clubs, while the social capital formed by the managers of community sport clubs voluntarily organized tended to close toward inner groups.