著者

及川 研 栗山 英樹 佐藤 精一

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.119-128, 2011

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<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of "sacrifice bunt" in baseball, executed when a runner is on first base with no outs. The offensive strategies studied are, "sacrifice bunt", "base stealing", "hit-and-run", "hitting", and "hitting after first attempting to bunt". We recorded 846 official games of Japanese Professional Baseball in 2006, and selected 3994 cases to categorize the strategies and the results. The results are as follows: <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Following the bunts, the runner on first moved up to second base 81.6% of the time, but the base runner advanced only 40.7% after hitting. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) However, following the bunts,the runner on first reached home plate 37.6% of the time. This probability is almost the same as the one after hitting. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) The expected number of runs in one inning for each strategy was: 0.73 for bunting, 0.86 for hitting, and 0.95 for the "hit-and-run". <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There are possibilities that the effectiveness of five strategies are not the same as the result of (1) to (3), not in case of a league format and higher skill level. In this study, we didn't discuss about each case with various situations, but examined many cases (3994) comprehensively. Based on our results we can see that it isn't advisable to choose the "sacrifice bunt" in this situation. It seems that a more effective strategy for scoring runs is either hitting or executing the "hit-and-run".</p>

著者

稲葉 孝彦 村林 裕 渡邉 健治 瀧井 敏郎 細江 文利 有吉 正博

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.121-134, 2009

著者

図子 浩二

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.149-161, 2014-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

6

著者

島津 大宣 泉川 喬一

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.133-141, 1994

著者

内山 治樹

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.1-14, 2002-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

著者

谷川 聡 島田 一志 一川 大輔 吉岡 宏 尾縣 貢

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.129-138, 2011-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

42

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sprint technical training program on sprint and jump ability of soccer players in competition season.     The first group ( n=13, ST group) performed a combined resistance and sprint training program at same training session. The second group ( n=6, JT group) performed a combined jump and sprint training and the third group ( n=6, MT group) performed jog-walk and sprint training with technical instructions. Squat jump, Countermovement jump, Rebound drop jump, Standing long jump and 3 steps long jump were tested as jump performance. The 30-m and 80-m dash and agility run were tested as sprint performance. Sprint movement of JT and MT groups were recorded by high speed video camera.     After training, JT group performed faster significantly in the 30m dash, while MT group in 80m dash. JT and MT groups performed faster in sprint velocity with longer stride length and performed better in 3 steps long jump, while ST group performed slower in the 30m and 80m dash. We suggested that stiff leg of JT group and early leg scissors timing of the MT group made them run faster with longer stride length.     We must take into consideration difference of the effect of ST, JT and MT program based with sprint technique in competition season. It is concluded that coaches have to assess the optimal balance between soccer training and sprint training components.

著者

法元 康二 阿江 通良 横澤 俊治 藤井 範久

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.139-152, 2011

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<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The purpose of this study was to investigate technical factors relating to the maintenance of walking speed in race walking in official 20km races. Thirty-five elite race walkers were analyzed as subjects by using VTR camera (60 Hz) at 4-8km and 14-18km point during 20km official race. The results were as follows. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Decreases in the recovery hip and knee joint torques resulted in decreases in the backward joint forces at the hip and knee, which decreased the joint force power at the recovery hip and knee and the mechanical energy flow from the recovery leg to the torso during the second half of the recovery phase. Therefore, decreases in the joint force at the recovery hip and knee decreased the mechanical energy flow, which might lead to decrease in the walking speed.</p>

著者

田中 守 内田 美津 進藤 宗洋 田中 宏暁 安田 寛 北林 健治

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.99-107, 2004-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

著者

宗宮 悠子 寺山 由美 會田 宏

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.169-180, 2016-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

38

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the structure and coaching philosophy that leaders should have in order to further advance the talents of young dancers in Japan. In order to achieve this goal, we carried out interview surveys of 3 expert dance instructors who are active in Japan. As a result of quantitative analysis of what they said regarding coaching philosophy, the following 4 points were revealed. 1. The most exceptional dance instructors believe in the absolute necessity of shaping the “dancing body” through exhaustive and constant training. 2. They believe in instruction that promotes the dancer’s better understanding of his or her own body and the expressiveness that it can convey-in other words, the necessity of shaping the dancer’s expressive body. 3. In order to elicit the dancer’s self-confidence and proficiency, They believe it is important to instill a sense of dedication toward coming to terms with one’s own body as a dancer's body. 4. They believe that it is important to instill an awareness of the dynamic nature of dance, in other words to take the view of cultivating a frame of mind that enables the dancer to self-correct (through feedback) his or her own body and expressions in an objective fashion, thereby eliciting guidance that inspires the dancer’s dynamic performance. 5. The coaching philosophy of an outstanding dance instructors consists of four components: the formation of a body capable of dancing, the formation of a body capable of expression, the breeding of dedication, and the breeding of dynamism. It was thought that the philosophy has a structure in which all of these components are not independent of each other but instead interact, like the intermeshing cogs of gears.

著者

板谷 厚 木塚 朝博

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.33-42, 2011-11-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether balance exercises on unstable support surfaces change the dependence on sensory inputs for postural control. Twenty-one healthy males were divided into two groups, Balanceboard group (B group, n=11) and G-ball group (G group, n=10). The subjects repeated 2 min of balance exercise twice with 1 min’s rest between executions. As the balance exercise, B group executed standing on a Balance-board and G group executed sitting on a G-ball. The subjects performed 60 s of quiet standing twice on a force platform with three sensory conditions; eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and eyes closed on a foam (ECF) before (pre measurement) and after (post measurement) the balance exercises. In post measurement, 20 s of balance exercise was performed just before the first trial of each condition to maintain sensory adaptation. During quiet standing, the motion of the center of pressure (COP) was measured and sway velocity and sway area were calculated. To estimate the dependence on visual input, Romberg ratio (EC vs. pre-EO ratio) based on the sway velocity and the sway area was calculated. To estimate the dependence on somatosensory inputs from lower extremity based on the two sway parameters, the difference between ECF and pre-EC normalized by pre-EC was calculated as the increase in sway (IS). In B group, post-Romberg ratios were significantly higher than pre-values. By contrast, in G group, post-ISs were significantly lower than pre-values. We concluded that for postural control, the Balance-board exercise increases the dependence on visual input and that the G-ball exercise decreases the dependence on somatosensory inputs from lower extremities.

著者

結城 匡啓

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.13-20, 2011-11-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

7

著者

Владимир Платонов

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.145-158, 2019-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

19

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本稿は,平成28年3月に開催された日本コーチング学会第27回大会(日本大学) において講演いただいたV.H.プラトーノフ氏によるものである.プラトーノフ氏は,大会テーマであった「アスリートの準備の現代的システム」の理解を深めることができるように,5本もの論文を本学会に寄稿された.これはそのうちの2本目の論文であり,「オリンピックスポーツにおける選手の多年準備構造の基礎」についてまとめたものである.     本稿の中でプラトーノフ氏は,オリンピック等の国際試合で勝利を収めることとともに,長期間にわたってその成果を維持するためには,多年にわたり計画的な準備を行う必要性があると述べている.その中でも,特にジュニア・ユース年代のトレーニングプロセスを構築する際には,十分な配慮が必要との見解を示しており,是非とも一読願いたいと考える.

著者

夏原 隆之 加藤 貴昭 中山 雅雄 浅井 武

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.1-10, 2017-10-01 (Released:2019-03-01)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

1

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Accurately judging a situation during soccer is one of the important factors for executing superior performance. In order to acquire decision making ability, in practice and instruction sessions, it is considered desirable to adapt scientific knowledge to coaches' rules of thumb and experiences. However, it has been pointed out that practice and instructions based on scientific evidence are hardly executed. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to examine the relationship between the perceptual-cognitive skills and coaching science related to decision making for the perceptual-cognitive skill research in soccer through an overview of the research results that have been clarified so far about each factor of pattern recognition, visual search behaviors, and anticipation that constitute perceptual-cognitive skills, and the knowledge that supports them. In addition, one of the important tasks in perceptual-cognitive skill research is acquiring perceptual-cognitive skills and developing effective coaching and training methods. Therefore, from the standpoint of motor learning research, we discuss future works on perceptual-cognitive skills of soccer, while exploring the relationship between acquisition of perceptual-cognitive skills and coaching science. It is suggested that the theoretical background clarified through this review would be useful for obtaining scientific knowledge about decision making in an environment with severe temporal and spatial constraints.

著者

広瀬 健一 大山卞 圭悟 尾縣 貢

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.65-72, 2016-10-20 (Released:2019-09-04)

参考文献数

24

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This study reports a coaching case of a men's hammer throw athlete (abbreviated to “T athlete” after this) who had a problem with the acceleration of the hammer during the turn phase. T athlete’s personal record was 45.75m at the start of coaching. The theme of the training program was “hammer throw without using preliminary swings”. And T athlete practiced to accelerate the hammer during the turn phase. The training was carried out for about three and a half months. The procedure of the approach was divided into two stages. The approach ① was the 1st training process until T athlete learned “the hammer throw without using preliminary swings”. The approach ② was a training process after learning “the hammer throw without using preliminary swings”. During the approach ①, T athlete was able to learn the timing to accelerate the hammer from the right back during “the hammer throw without using preliminary swings”. In addition, the approach ② conducted the inclined plane of the hammer orbit of the actual throw to get closer to the one of “the hammer throw without using preliminary swings”. Finally, T athlete improved the personal record approximately 7m (45.75 to 52.67m). “The hammer throw without preliminary swings” is considered to be effective as one of the convincing training method to improve the turn technique of hammer throw.

著者

太田 和希 九鬼 靖太 奥平 柾道 吉田 拓矢 前村 公彦 谷川 聡

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.145-159, 2020-03-20 (Released:2020-06-11)

参考文献数

38

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This study aimed to clarify the step variables and three-dimensional joint kinematics of the pelvis while increasing running speed on a treadmill. Sixteen male track and field athletes ran on an instrumented treadmill at three different running speeds: 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0 m/s. The step variables, such as step frequency, step length, contact time, and flight time, and the kinematic data of each running speed were recorded using a high-speed video camera (300 fps) and a Vicon T20 system (250 Hz). In addition, the pelvic angular displacement (Δ) was calculated by subtracting the minimum from the maximum values of the pelvic angle in the stance phase. The results were as follows: (1) Stride length and step frequency were significantly greater at higher running speeds. Although contact time was significantly shorter at the faster speeds, flight time was significantly shorter when transitioning from 6.0 to 8.0 m/s and from 4.0 to 8.0 m/s. (2) The pelvis of the swing leg side elevated from toe off to early half of swing phase with increasing running speeds. In addition, the pelvis of the stance leg side rotated to the swing leg side from mid stance phase to toe off with increasing running speeds. (3) Δelevation showed a significant negative correlation with step frequency but a significant positive correlation with stride length for each running speed. In addition, Δrotation showed a significant positive correlation with step frequency but a significant negative correlation with stride length at 8.0 m/s.     Therefore, increased pelvic elevation improves the stride when transitioning from a low to high speed, and increased pelvic rotation leads to a higher step frequency during the stance phase when running at 8.0 m/s. In addition, it was suggested that it is necessary to run at minimum 8.0 m/s for the pelvis to behave differently compared with running at slower speeds to learn the high speed running movement.

著者

中澤 翔 瀧澤 一騎 厚東 芳樹 山代 幸哉 佐藤 大輔 丸山 敦夫

出版者

日本コーチング学会

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.209-217, 2018

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<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between running distance over an 8-month period and both 5000 m running performance and aerobic capacity (VO₂max, VO₂VT, running economy). The 8-month study period was divided into two segments of 4 months each. It was found that long-distance athletes could run 5000 m in about 15 min 30 s. The analysis also confirmed the following: (1) athletes that ran longer distances in the 8-month period had better 5000m times; (2) they had higher VO₂VT; and (3) athletes whose distances were longer in the first half of the study period had better VO₂VT and 5000m records in the second half of the period. The anaerobic threshold reached a higher level in runners with greater training distance, resulting in an improvement in race results. Furthermore, based on the fact that the distance run in the first four months effects on VO₂VT and 5000 m running times in the latter four months, this study demonstrates the possibility of training effects occurring after a certain latency period. The results implicated that it was important to track running distances as an indicator of race performance.</p>

著者

升 佑二郎

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.219-230, 2018-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

12

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This study compared the patterns of upper limb motion when delivering forehand (the hand holding the racket) straight/cross-court clear, drop, and smash shots from the backcourt in badminton.     Seven male badminton players, belonging to a team that was third in the All Japan Intercollegiate Badminton Championships, delivered these shots to record the pattern of motion in each case using MAC 3D System Cameras.     On comparison between straight and cross-court shots, the velocity of the wrist was significantly higher in the latter in all cases (p<0.05). The shoulder horizontal flexion angle was also markedly greater in the latter in all cases (p<0.05). On wrist motion trajectory analysis, the lateral (X-Z) plane at impact was shifted forward in the latter in all cases. Similarly, the frontal (Y-Z) plane was displaced inwards in the latter, while it was displaced outwards in the former from immediately before impact in all cases.     Based on the results, the velocity of the wrist may be higher at a greater shoulder horizontal flexion angle when delivering cross-court compared with straight shots. Furthermore, during the phase immediately before impact, the probabilities of straight and cross-court shots being delivered are high when the wrist moves out- (the distance from the trunk increases) and inwards (it decreases), respectively.

著者

吉田 康成 西 博史 福田 隆 遠藤 俊郎 橋原 孝博

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.183-197, 2015-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

17

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the read blocking techniques against quick attacks with combination attacks in volleyball. 28 occurrences of blocking motions in 4 games (Poland vs Iran, Poland vs Japan, Cuba vs Argentina, Cuba vs Serbia) from the 2011 Men’s World Cup Volleyball were analyzed by the Direct Linear Transformation Method.     The findings were as follows: (1) The number of occurrences of double blocking (Middle blocker with side blocker) was 11 (Right-side blocker 5 times, Left-side blocker 6 times). Most blocks were single blocks by the middle blocker.     The average of the highest finger-tip heights for blocking motions were right-side 2.80m, middle block 2.97m, and leftside 2.84m. (2) In 11 occurrences of when a middle blocker touched the ball, the average of the finger-tip height for the right fingertip was 2.91m (range: 2.76 to 3.04m), and the left finger-tip height was 2.85m (range: 2.70 to 2.99m). In 8 occurrences, the middle blocker took off -0.016 to -0.134 seconds before the quick spiker hit the ball. (3) When the quick spiker took off, the distance from the net to the middle blocker’s position averaged 0.90m (range: 0.38 to 1.91m). On the other hand, when the quick spiker hit the ball, the distance from the net to the middle blocker’s position averaged 0.66m (range: 0.31 to 1.34m). There was a significant difference between the distance at the time the quick spiker took off and the distance at the time the quick spiker hit the ball (p<0.01). Middle blockers took off 0.150 seconds later when their stance was usually wider than 0.6m.

著者

森本 吉謙 入澤 裕樹 坪井 俊樹 小野寺 和也 川村 卓

出版者

The Japan Journal of Coaching Studies

雑誌

コーチング学研究 (ISSN:21851646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.203-210, 2019-03-20 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

23

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The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between competitive result and environmental factors in high school baseball. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 533 university students who belonged to the baseball club when they were in high school. The survey content was the following 11 items; 1. Highest competitive result, 2. Presence or absence of the sports recommendation entrance examination, 3. Presence or absence of the sports scholarship system, 4. Occupation of the head coach, 5. Presence or absence of the assistant coach, 6. Number of the assistant coach, 7. Occupation of the assistant coach, 8. Presence or absence of the selection system for enter the club, 9. Number of the members, 10. Type of school (public or private), 11. Presence or absence of the private facility. In case of high school duplication, only one answer was adopted, and other inappropriate invalid answers were excluded for totalization. Finally, 435 students were divided into national group (n=89), block group (n=82) and prefecture group (n=264), based on the best result of the team at the time of high school, and examined the relationship between the competitive result and each environmental factor. As a result, regarding the occupation of the head coach, the proportion of teachers in all groups was high, but in the other items, the relationship with the competitive result was indicated, and the possibility that the difference in these environments could affect the competitive result was shown.