著者

山根 恒夫 モハメドモザメル ホック 伊藤 純代 清水 祥一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:0513398X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.8, pp.625-631, 1986

被引用文献数

4 36

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<I>Pseudomonas fluorescens</I>産生のリパーゼによるとうもろこし油のグリセロリシス反応を小型かくはん槽中で, 回分式実験によって調べた。試料をクロロホルムで抽出, 濃縮し, トリグリセリド (TG), 1, 2-ジグリセリド (1, 2-DG), 1, 3-ジグリセリド (1, 3-DG), 1-モノグリセリド (1-MG), 2-モノグリセリド (2-MG), 遊離脂肪酸 (FFA) の含量をTLC/FID分析計で定量した。かくはん速度の影響を調べたところ, 350rpm以上では, 反応の初速度は一定であった。反応の経時変化を調べたところ, 反応の初期には, 1, 2-DGが1, 3-DGより多く生成したが, 後期に逆転した。MGの2つの異性体のうち, 1-MGが大部分で, 2-MGはほとんど生成していなかった。反応の初速度は酵素濃度に比例した。水分濃度が低いと反応はほとんど起こらなかった。グリセリン中の水分が4%以下では, FFAは生成しなかった。4%以上では, FFAの生成初速度は水分のほぼ2.7乗に比例して増大した。初速度の温度依存性はアレニウスの式に従い, 活性化エネルギーは6.13kcal/molであった。反応平衡時の組成は, 全反応液重量中に占める油の重量割分 (15~35%の範囲), 反応温度 (25~65℃の範囲), 及び酵素濃度によっては変化しなかった。反応平衡時の組成は, 水分濃度によって大きく変動した。グリセリン中の水分が4%以下では, 平衡時の反応生成物中にFFAは存在しなかった。

著者

有島 俊治 鷺 信雄 青山 敏明 森 弘之

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.902-910, 1995-10-20 (Released:2010-01-29)

参考文献数

41

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Triacylglycerols have specific properties which are useful for processing and/or modification of food systems according to their polymorphism, hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, digestibility, and so on. These phenomena are mainly governed by the structure. Interfacial properties of 3-butyryl-1, 2-dipalmitoylglycerol at O/W emulsion, specific anti-bloom effect of 2-oleoy1-1, 3 dibehenylglycerol and restriction of absorption for 2-stearoyl-1, 3-dihexanoylglycerol are good examples. In the present study, we intend to summarize the relation between the structure and their specific properties.

著者

山本 子朗 吉富 和彦

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.8, pp.826-834, 1970-08-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

67

著者

三浦 太裕

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.10, pp.762-767, 1993-10-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 7

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Foaming profile differs from one application to others due to the many variables relating to the foaming phenomena such as chemicals in the system, physical and mechnical conditions. Therefore, discussing defoaming or antifoaming exhibits much more complexity than the simple act of foaming. Due to the sheer complexity concerned, the actual technology seems to precede scientific understanding.In a wide range of industries, silicone antifoams are the most effective antifoams in both aqueous surfactant systems and nonaqueous systems. The efficiency can be explained by the surface chemical characteristics of the silicone polymer, which are derived from its unique structure such as backbone flexibility and low intermolecular forces, especially for polydimethylsiloxane.In this paper, defoaming by polysiloxane polymers is explained by the surface chemical nature of the polymer. As well, in aqueous systems, enhanced defoaming by compounding hydrophobic silica is explained by dewetting mechanisms based on previous theories.

著者

鹿山 光 堀井 郁夫 池田 康行

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.5, pp.290-295, 1974-05-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

6 9

---

It had been found that some particular fish of several different families contain the wax esters as their major lipid type. The interest in deep sea organisms and advancing survey techniques have permitted to extend the occurrence of the wax esters in their lipids. In the fish there is a characteristic pattern in the presence of waxesters in the tissue lipids; namely, the wax esters are the major lipid, type in the muscle but are present trace in its roe, while this pattern is reversed in some fish.As the representative example of the latter, the mullets caught off coast of Mokuzu, Sukumocity, Kochi-prefecture, were collected and analyzed to understand the properties of ovary and other tissue lipids and thereby, to get some informations on the formation of wax esters during the process of maturing.From the biological measurement of mullet, the maturity of roe can be well expressed by the gonad index (gonad weight/body weight ×100, G.I.). It was further found that there is a relation between the gonad index and the wax ester content in roe lipids. Upon measurement of eleven gonads with different gonad indices from 0.28 to 17.65, the wax ester contents in roe lipids varied from 4.6% to 65.4%. This relation was expressed by the following empirical formula, y=62.6 (1-e-x/1.78), where x is the gonad index and y is the corresponding wax ester content in roe lipids.The wax esters of mullet roe lipids consist mainly of C26 to C40 with even chain-lengths. The major esters are C32 and C34, and the sum of both acids exceeds 70% of total, and a little amounts of odd numbered esters exist. The acid moiety of wax esters contains over 30% of C16 : 1 and C18 : 1 as main acids, respectively, while the alcohol moiety consists of C16 : 0 dominantly, as much as 61%. The fatty acid composition of triglycerides is similar to those of the free fatty acids, and the composition of free alcohols rather resembles those of the alcohol moiety of wax esters.Composition of various tissue lipids obtained from the immature (G.I. 0.28) was contrasted with that of mature mullets (G.I. 17.65). In the former there were no particular differences among the various tissue lipids but a small amounts of wax esters were detected in the lipids of liver, intestine contents etc. as well as ovary, while from the latter the wax esters more than 60% were found only in the lipids of ovary. There were no significant differences in other tissue lipids of both the mature and immature mullets.

著者

渡辺 昭次 藤田 力 須賀 恭一 阿部 晴彦 鶴田 治樹

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.12, pp.863-865, 1978-12-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

3

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Unsaturated nitriles were synthesized in good yields from 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and active methylene compounds containing nitrile group. From methylheptenone and malononitrile, 2-cyano-3, 7-dimethyl-2, 7-octadienenitrile was obtained in 91% yield. The unsaturated nitriles were alkylated at the 3-position by various Grignard reagents. Furthermore, reduction and hydrolysis of these unsaturated nitriles were examined.

著者

真鍋 敬 奥山 典生

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.10, pp.578-587, 1977-10-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

3 2

著者

須賀 恭一 渡辺 昭次 藤田 力 稲葉 昭彦

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.8, pp.479-480, 1977-08-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

10

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Various 1, 4-diketones were prepared from carboxylic acids via two steps : Grignard reaction with vinylmagnesium chloride and oxidation with Jones reagent catalysed by mercuric propionate. For example, 2, 5-undecanedione was prepared from heptanoic acid via 1-undecen-5-one.

著者

阿部 芳郎 松村 秀一 真子 義邦 坂田 英昭 三浦 健司 酒井 要

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.456-466, 1985

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Poly [(sodium acrylate) -<I>co</I>- (vinyl alcohol)] P (A-VA), poly [(sodium acrylate) -<I>co</I>- (methyl vinyl ether)] P (A-MVE), polyL (sodium 2-hydroxyacrylate) -<I>co</I>- (sodium acrylate) P (HA-A), poly [(disodium maleate) -<I>alt</I>- (vinyl alcohol) P (Ma-VA), poly (disodium fumarate) -<I>alt</I>- (vinyl alcohol)] P (F-VA) were prepared, and their building performances in detergents were examined. Their sequestering power for Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> and dispersing power MnO<SUB>2</SUB> were determined and compared with the corresponding properties of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and disodium 3-oxapentandioate (ODA). The biodegradability of the oligomers was also studied under aerobic conditions.<BR>These oligomers showed better detergency building performances than those of ODA, and some of them were superior to those of STPP. Oligomeric P (A-VA) prepared by UV polymerization showed the best building performances in detergent systems and biodegradability tested in this report. The introduction of hydroxyl groups and ether groups to poly (sodium acrylate) promoted their detergency power and biodegradability.

著者

高木 徹

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.8, pp.441-448, 1967-08-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

94

著者

藤原 康雄 竹園 哲也 京野 三郎 阪柳 定男 山里 一英 飯塚 広

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.7, pp.396-399, 1968-07-20 (Released:2010-02-12)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1 2

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Degree of alkyl chain branching of various commercially available detergent alkylates, including straight chain type, branched chain type and mixture thereof, was studied by means of high-resolution nuclear maenetic resonance. and an explicit correlation between alkyl chain branching ofdetergent alkylates and biodegradability of their sulf onates was obtained.The degree of alkyl chain branching in detergent alkylates is expressed by a parameter HCH3-6 ΣH-5, which is obtained by a combination of NMR and gaschromatography, where HCH3 and Σ H - 5 denote the number of methyl hydrogens and the total number of hydrogens in the alkyl chain, respectively. A plot of this parameter for the alkyl chain branching of detergent alkylates against biodegradability of their sulfonates was found to be almost linear as in Fig.-3. Use of Hω, which denotes the number of total methyl hydrogens in the alkyl chain, instead of HCH3 in the parameter leads to a lack of the linearlity of the plot of the alkyl chain branching against the biodegradability of sulf onates as in Fig.-4. Whereas, biodegradability of alkylbenzene sulfonates can be more rapidly predicted, since Hω, can be derived only from NMR spectra of hydrogens in the alkyl chain in detergent alkylates.

著者

若菜 章 広川 隆一 藤田 稔 熊沢 元春

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.242-245, 1971

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Pour point reversions of various lubricating oils containing one of three different type pour point depressants (naphthalene-chlorinated paraffin condensation product, phenol-chlorinated paraffin condensation product and polyalkylmethacrylate) were measured by sudden cooling-heating cycle method and Federal test method.<BR>In the former test any pour point reversion was not recognized, but in the latter test a 2.57.5°C range of the pour point reversions was observed in all cases.<BR>Polyalkylmethacrylate gave the most effective pour point depressions and the most stable pour point reversions among the additives.

著者

中沢 君敏 島田 哲夫 梅沢 貢

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.89-93, 1956-03-15 (Released:2010-01-27)

参考文献数

7

著者

戸谷 永生 渡辺 晃 大場 健吉

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.5, pp.328-331, 1987

被引用文献数

1 16

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r-リノレン酸やイコサペンタエン酸のような高度不飽和脂肪酸は, 現在, 微生物を用いて大量に合成されるが, アラキドン酸の生産法は低収率のため, まだ検討の余地があると考えられる。アラキドン酸含有脂質を効率よく得るために, <I>Martierella alpina</I>をポテトペースト・デキストロース培地上で培養する際の詳細な条件を, 培地中のデキストロース濃度, 微量金属の添加, 培地層厚, pHの点から検討した。その結果, 菌糸と菌床を6%のデキストロースとCaCl<SUB>2</SUB>・2H<SUB>2</SUB>O 750mg/kg培地を含む厚さ2mmの培地上で, 20℃20d間培養する条件を選定した。乾燥菌体よりそれらの脂質を抽出し脂肪酸分析したところ, アラキドン酸の収量は13.1g/kg培地となった。

著者

桑田 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.2-6, 1956-01-15 (Released:2009-10-09)

著者

若菜 章 広川 隆一 藤田 稔 熊沢 元春

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.6, pp.352-356, 1971

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Authors prepared three lubricating base oils having different pour points (0°, -5°, -10°C) by dewaxing of solvent refined waxy raffinate, and then three kinds of representative commercial pour point depressants (naphthalene-chlorinated paraffin condensation product, phenol-chlorinated paraffin condensation product and polyalkylmethacrylate) were added to them in the concentration range of 0.10.5wt%. Thereby the authors measured the ordinary pour points, Federal test method (cycle C) pour points and observed the pour point reversions.<BR>Variance analysis of experimental values showed that Federal test method pour points depended upon the dewaxing temperatures and kind of additives but not affected by the quantity of additives, while the pour point reversions were influenced by these three factors.<BR>Generally, pour point reversions were higher for the samples prepared from base oils of higher pour point.

著者

斎藤 浩

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.12, pp.754-764, 1977

被引用文献数

1

著者

日比野 英彦 田中 幸久

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.9, pp.687-697, 1994-09-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

3 4

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was isolated from cellular membranes at the sn-2 position of phospholipids (PLs). Using conformation modeling computer software, data were obtained indicating DHA in PLs to possibly be tightly and regularly packed in the acyl chain array in cellular membranes under certain conditions.PLs containing DHA had stereospecific conformations, which may possibly be the reason for the important physiological functions of this lipid. PLs containing DHA express difference induction and inhibited 5-lipoxygenase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. They were found essential to integrated brain functions such as learning ability and the inducement of paradoxical sleep.

著者

矢澤 一良 影山 治夫

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.10, pp.974-978, 1991-10-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

5 7

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Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) has important physiological activities, such as reduction of the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, lowering effect of systolic blood pressure, anti-inflamatory and anti-tumor activities, etc. Recent studies also strongly suggest that DHA plays a key role in the brain and retina. DHA commonly exists in fish oil obtained from sardines, mackerels, menhadens, etc. Usually, however, it contains DHA at a relatively low level (5-10%) and many other polyunsaturated fatty acids, and thus isolation of pure DHA from fish oil is quite difficult.Recently, we found that (1) orbital fat of a bonito (Katsuwonus) and a tuna (Thunnus) fish was an excellent source of DHA, (2) DHA content in the total fatty acids of the orbital fat isolated from a bonito and a tuna fish was 42% and 30%, respectively, and (3) DHA existed as triglyceride in both cases.Purification of DHA was examined after ethanolysis of orbital fat oil obtained from a tuna fish, and resulted in 95%-99% purity of DHA-ethyl ester by a new method using Ag ion. Thus, finding of the excellent source and the purification procedure will greatly accelerate the research on DHA.

著者

新谷 〓 木下 葉子 松本 太郎

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.10, pp.544-549, 1964-10-20 (Released:2010-01-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 1

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In order to make statistical analysis of the melting point of fats in margarine and shortening products in Japan, melting point of products was measured monthly on 18 kinds of household margarine, 14 kinds of bakery margarine, and 14 kinds of shortening. Mean value (x), maximum and minimum values, range (R), and yearly standard deviation (σ) were calculated and these values were found to be the highest in shortening, followed in the order of bakery and household margarines, the values being x 35.55°C, 34.55°C, 33.52°C, R 12.45, 11.24, 10.24°C, and σ 4.13, 3.77, 3.29, respectively. Some of the household margarines, showed hardly any difference in the melting point throughout the year.Salt content, saponification value, iodine value, and thiocyanate value were measured as being responsible for the maximum and minimum values of the melting point, and examinations were also made on the correlation between the melting point and iodine value, linolic acid, and saturated acid.