著者

鈴木 優司 横山 晴子 添田 真司 徳岡 健太郎 渡邊 昌之 北川 泰久 山田 安彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-00193, (Released:2014-01-18)

参考文献数

11

---

Low-dose aspirin-induced gastrointestinal lesions are becoming an important problem in clinical practice. In our investigation of such adverse effects, we obtained 4 important findings considered useful for physicians, as follows; 1) even when aspirin was given at a dose, the incidence rate of gastrointestinal lesions was higher than with other NSAIDs, 2) the odds ratios for gastrointestinal lesions induced by aspirin with a histamine H2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor were 0.6 and 0.4, respectively, as compared with aspirin alone, 3) it is difficult to administer aspirin, which exerts an antiplatelet effect, without inducing gastrointestinal lesions, and 4) these gastrointestinal lesions appears early, especially within 2 years after administration. We distributed a questionnaire to 41 physicians to confirm our findings, and compared high (n=20) and low (n=21) frequency aspirin prescription groups. The recognition rate of points 1 and 3 noted above in the high group was significantly elevated as compared to the low group, whereas there no significant difference in regard to the information in point 4 between the groups and the rate of recognition was low. Moreover, only 27% of the surveyed physicians were familiar with all 4 points. Prior to receiving this information, 17% of the physicians gave no related instructions their patients, which was reduced to 0% after receiving this information. Furthermore, 98% of those surveyed found the information to be useful. Our results suggest that these 4 points of information regarding potential adverse gastrointestinal effects of low-dose aspirin are useful for physicians.

著者

加藤 哲太

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.134, no.2, pp.223-235, 2014 (Released:2014-02-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 4

---

The role of pharmacists in self-medication is to provide informed and objective advice on medicines and their use, and to promote the concept of pharmaceutical care. In 2012, the teaching of medicines and their use was started in junior high schools, and pharmacists should be providing samples and the example package inserts, and/or giving lessons in cooperation with teachers. In this article, a number of examples of how to do this will be shared. In 2009, the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law was revised and the role of pharmacists being key figures in supplying medicines was significantly increased. Pharmacists should have a professional obligation to provide advice about self-medication and medicines for self-medication. We introduced some approaches for student pharmacists to enhance the self-medication leading ability. 1) Problem-based learning, and combination learning of basic problems and clinical topics for 1st-year students, 2) An e-learning system to provide objective information about medicines, and 3) A case study system to cultivate pharmacists and student pharmacists who can contribute to providing advice about the safe use of over the counter (OTC) medicines.

著者

舘 知也 加藤 未紗 大澤 友裕 甲田 明英 福田 聖啓 田中 和秀 青山 智 安田 昌宏 水井 貴詞 後藤 千寿 寺町 ひとみ

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.11, pp.1223-1233, 2013 (Released:2013-11-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3 5

---

Since April 2011, a dosage adjustment program has been implemented at Gifu Municipal Hospital. In this program, upon receiving a prescription for renally eliminated drugs, pharmacists verify patients' serum creatinine concentrations by using a computerized medical record system to evaluate the patient's kidney function and suggest the appropriate dosage to doctors, if necessary. In our study, we used questionnaires that were administered to pharmacists and doctors at the hospital to investigate their respective working times and the cost of the program, in order to comprehensively analyze the clinical resource costs of the hospital and evaluate the economic burden of the program for levofloxacin. In addition, we studied the pharmacists' and doctors' attitudes toward the program and the circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction. The questionnaire comprised items such as time required for the program; attitude toward the program, including satisfaction; and attitude toward the circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction. The pharmacists' and doctors' working times and cost of the program were obtained from the questionnaire responses. For cost estimation, we used data from this study as well as those of our previous study that suggested that the levofloxacin program was economically beneficial. Furthermore, their attitudes toward the program and circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction were clarified. Regarding the pharmacists' tasks and interventions, we need to not only investigate attitudes toward them but also perform a cost analysis by the method of the economic evaluation of the medical techniques used in our study.

著者

花尻(木倉) 瑠理 内山 奈穂子 河村 麻衣子 緒方 潤 合田 幸広

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.1, pp.31-40, 2013 (Released:2013-01-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

14 26

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In recent years, many analogs of narcotics have been widely distributed as easily available psychotropic substances and have become a serious problem in Japan. To counter the spread of these non-controlled substances, the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan was amended in 2006 to establish a new category; Designated Substances in order to more strictly control these substances. In April 2007, 31 compounds and 1 plant were first controlled as Designated Substances. Before 2007, the major compounds distributed in the Japanese illegal drug market were tryptamines, phenethylamines and piperazines. Alkyl nitrites, such as isobutyl nitrite and isopentyl nitrite, were also widely distributed. After they were listed as Narcotics or Designated Substances in 2007, these compounds, especially the tryptamines, quickly disappeared from the market. In their place, cathinone derivatives have been widely distributed, as well as different phenethylamines and piperazines. Additionally, in recent years, new herbal products containing synthetic cannabinoids have appeared globally. As at July 2012, 78 substances (including 1 plant; Salvia divinorum) were listed in the category of Designated Substances. They were 13 tryptamines, 17 phenethylamines, 11 cathinones, 4 piperazines, 23 synthetic cannabinoids, 6 alkyl nitrites, 3 other compounds and 1 plant. In this review, we show our survey of the spread of new designer drugs in Japan, focusing especially on synthetic cannabinoids and cathinone derivatives. Also, the prevalence and legal status of these substances in other countries will be presented.

著者

池田 浩人 森脇 英恵 松原 友規 湯川 美穂 岩瀬 由紀子 湯川 栄二 安藝 初美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.1, pp.145-153, 2012-01-01 (Released:2012-01-01)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4 4

---

The influence of the presence of a galloyl group in catechin on complexation with risperidone (RISP) was examined using (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) and (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), which are present in green tea as tea catechins. By quantitative analysis using HPLC, it was found that EGCg formed an insoluble complex with RISP for concentration dependence, whereas EGC did not. The large contribution of the galloyl group of catechin to form an insoluble complex with RISP was recognized in this study. In a molecular modeling study, it was found that the EGCg-R complex (EGCg with RISP) formed three hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of EGCg and the two N atoms and an O atom of RISP. The hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of the galloyl ring in EGCg and the N atom of the piperidine ring in RISP stabilized EGCg-R more energetically. The EGC-R complex (EGC with RISP) also formed three hydrogen bonds, but the N atom of the piperidine ring in RISP did not participate in hydrogen bond formation. According to the calculation using the COSMO-RS method, the water solubility of the EGCg-R complex was 1/26 that of the EGC-R complex. Therefore, the EGCg-R complex was difficult to dissolve in water. In the 1H-NMR spectra of RISP in DMSO-d6, although chemical shifts of protons near the N atom on the piperidine ring moved downfield on the addition of EGCg, no change in chemical shifts of these protons was observed on the addition of EGC. Therefore, based on these results, the galloyl group of EGCg contributes to the formation of an insoluble complex between tea catechin and RISP, and this insoluble complex is stabilized by the hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of the galloyl ring in EGCg and the N atom of the piperidine ring in RISP.

著者

堀川 俊二 梶谷 真也 川上 恵子 只佐 宣子 伊東 明彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.4, pp.473-478, 2013 (Released:2013-04-01)

参考文献数

7

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In recent years there has been a rise in the number of diabetic patients in Japan, with the increase in elderly diabetic patients becoming a serious problem. This study looked at 488 elderly type 2 diabetes patients who were admitted as emergency cases to the Department of Internal Medicine, JA Yoshida General Hospital, Akitakada City, Japan. All patients were classified by age into three groups: <70, 70-80 and >80. The most common cause of emergency hospitalization in each of the three age groups was infection. This was significantly higher in the >80 group in comparison with<70 (p<0.05). The most common infection among the three groups was respiratory infection, followed by urinary tract infection. The number of emergency hospitalization cases due to hypoglycemia was much higher in the over 80 group, particularly in comparison with<70-80 (p<0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in our patients could be explained mainly by reduced energy intake. Most cases were treated with oral administration of hypoglycemic drugs. As elderly diabetic patients have a number of underlying illnesses that are prone to aggravation and may lead to unfavorable prognosis, early medical examination and disease detection are considered to be important. Pharmacists are required to educate patients, home-visit nursing care personnel on sick-day rule, and provide diabetes care.

著者

笠師 久美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.12, pp.1325-1328, 2012 (Released:2012-12-01)

被引用文献数

1

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When athletes consult sports outpatient or orthopedic clinics it is possible to undergo drug treatment with the medical staff having prior knowledge of that patient being an athlete. However, if athletes seek any other diagnosis and treatment as an ordinary patient, the possibility of medical staff realizing the potential for imposing a doping issue on the athlete is extremely low. As a result, if the athlete fails to provide medical staff with information regarding anti-doping regulations when receiving clinical treatment, drug treatment administered as part of medical practices could be viewed as doping, resulting in the athlete being disciplined. In order to avoid this, pharmacist should participate in training in order to be able to provide information for anti-doping purposes. It is my personal opinion that knowledge regarding anti-doping is something that should be shared by all pharmacists, as pharmacists are educated in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacokinetics during the pharmacy education process, and sports pharmacology is a part of this. However, in order for pharmacists to understand sports pharmacology, it is necessary to provide education not only on the benefits and adverse effects of pharmaceutical products, but also on the concept of banned substances. It can be considered one of the pharmacist's duties to protect athletes who purchase drugs at a pharmacy or consult medical institutions as patients. With this, I would like to propose considering the potential for introducing sports pharmacology to pharmaceutical education, and specialist pharmacist training in the sports spectrum.

著者

冨田 隆志 佐伯 康之 鴫田 江理嘉 河田 麻美 木村 康浩 木平 健治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.4, pp.451-457, 2009 (Released:2009-04-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1 1

---

We conducted a survey on the immunization requirements of the students in the fourth year of the 4-year-course departments of pharmacy in Japan by using a self-administered questionnaire, which was mailed to the directors of the institutes. Of the 61 departments invited, 54 responded. Program of seroprevalence examination or vaccination was not in place against measles, rubella, mumps and varicella, and hepatitis B in 31.5% (17/54), 53.7% (29/54), 57.4% (31/54), and 68.5% (37/54), respectively. Surveillance of the history of infection and vaccination was carried out in 21 departments, but only 5 departments insisted on documented evidence of immunity. Students who were proven to be susceptible to these diseases were required to receive immunization in most departments that performed seroprevalence examination. Seroprevalence examination was carried out in colleges in 83.3% (25/30), and the expenses were born by department in 70.0% (21/30). On the other hand, vaccination was carried out in colleges in 30.0% (9/30), and the expenses were born by department in 6.7% (2/30). Of the 54 departments, 29, 11, and 3 departments executed these programs in the 3rd year, 4th year, and at the time of admission, respectively. Influenza vaccination during the year of clinical clerkship and tuberculosis skin test was required in 20.4% (11/54) and 37.0% (20/54), respectively; these were carried out in the colleges in 8 and 19 departments and the expenses were born by department in 1 and 18 departments, respectively. Countermeasures against these infectious diseases were found to be insufficient in most departments of pharmacy.

著者

西田 圭吾

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.1, pp.85-92, 2011-01-01 (Released:2011-01-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3 3

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Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient and its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neuronal degeneration. Zn homeostasis is tightly controlled by transporting through Zn transporters and by buffering via metallothioneins, all of which are involved in the intricate regulation of Zn concentration and distribution in individual cells. Research in understanding of these molecules has progressed with application of genetic techniques, which allow us to clarify the diverse role of Zn in vivo and in vitro. However, the precise roles and molecular mechanism(s) of Zn's function in allergic response have not been clarified. Mast cells are granulated cells that play a pivotal role in allergic reactions. The granules of mast cells contain various chemical mediators and inflammatory cytokines that are released upon FcεRI crosslinking. In this article, I will describe a role of Zn/Zn transporter in FcεRI-mediated mast cell degranulation and cytokine production. Furthermore, Zn acts as an intracellular signaling molecule, that is, a molecule whose intracellular status is altered in response to an extracellular stimulus in mast cell, and that is capable of transducing the extracellular stimulus into an intracellular signaling event, like Ca2+. I have proposed that there are two classes of Zn signaling: “Early” and “Late” Zn signaling. In this review, I discussed how Zn and its homeostasis affect biological events especially for mast cell-mediated allergy response.

著者

草野 源次郎 芝野 真喜雄 渡辺 斉 尾崎 和男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.8, pp.619-631, 2003-08-01 (Released:2003-08-01)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

9 9

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Some Glycyrrhiza species grown in several domestic research gardens of medicinal plants were collected by the Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences and were cultivated to compare their morphological properties. HPLC profile analysis was performed and index compounds of MeOH extracts of aerial parts and EtOAc extracts of subterranean parts were determined. Glycyrrhizin contents and growth rates of the underground parts of some types of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra were compared and four excellent types were selected as candidates for cultivation. One of them was due to Kanzo-Yashiki (Enzan, Yamanashi prefecture), where G. uralensis was cultivated in the Edo period. Alkaloidal constituents of G. uralensis and G. glabra were also investigated and anabasine (an insecticide) and a new tricyclic alkaloid were obtained.

著者

中山 貢一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.8, pp.565-577, 2006-08-01 (Released:2006-08-01)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Mechanoreception and subsequent cellular/molecular mechanisms of signal transduction pathways in response to mechanical stresses, including hemodynamic factors, passive stretching, and exercise, are ubiquitous in living organisms. Of these, the cardiovascular system involving the heart and blood vessels is known to be particularly sensitive to mechanical stimuli, for example, stretching and intraluminal pressurization, which might mimic an acute and/or chronic change in blood pressure and flow, induce a variety of responses including contraction, activation of various kinases and ionic channels, production of vasoactive substances, gene expression, and phenotype changes. We have started to clarify the mechanisms underlying this basic principle in the cardiovascular system as it is now generally considered that obesity and a lack of exercise are serious risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. We further extended our research field of mechanotransduction into adipocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and pancreatic beta cells, all of which are related to the core concerns in cardiovascular disease, including the so-called metabolic syndrome. In the present article, we discuss briefly the prologue to our study of mechanotransduction and several topics in the recent progress in this interesting area. We also emphasize that it is important to recognize biomechanical factors and control them not only for improvement in our knowledge of health and disease but also for the development of new drugs.

著者

宮田(古谷) 聡美 河野 惠三 森元 崇史 原島 哲 岩田 裕子 有安 利夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.5, pp.535-546, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-05-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

---

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channels are expressed and play functional roles in various immune cells. Physical stimuli leading to TRPV2 activation causes mast cell degranulation. Besides their roles in immune cells, it has been shown that TRPV2 channels are pathophysiologically relevant to degenerative muscular diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy and muscular dystrophy. Hence, development of drug candidates that inhibit human TRPV2 activation is an urgent matter. NK-4, a cryptocyanine dye, inhibited agonist-induced TRPV2 activity in mouse TRPV2-transfected HEK293 cells. However, it remains unclear whether NK-4 exerts regulatory effects on the activation of human TRPV2 channels. In this study, we show that NK-4 inhibits intracellular Ca2+ increase in human TRPV2-transfected HEK293 cells preactivated with a TRPV2 agonist. The inhibitory effect of NK-4 (IC50=0.27 μM) on human TRPV2 activation was 74-fold stronger than that on mouse TRPV2 activation (IC50=20 μM). NK-4 also inhibited the agonist-induced TRPV2 expression at the plasma membrane, when the human TRPV2-expressing cells were stimulated with the agonist in the presence of NK-4. These results suggest that NK-4 abrogates the agonist-induced signaling events leading to human TRPV2 activation. Furthermore, TRPV2 agonist caused degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells, which represents a phenomenon related to physical urticarias. NK-4 suppressed the release of β-hexosaminidases upon degradation with IC50 of 1.9 μM, 35-fold lower than that determined with an anti-allergic drug, Epinastine. Our results suggest that NK-4 would be a potential therapeutic strategy to resolve dilated cardiomyopathy and its associated heart failure as well as physical urticarias.

著者

木村 優花 川上 和宜 中村 匡志 横川 貴志 清水 久範 小林 一男 青山 剛 鈴木 亘 羽鳥 正浩 鈴木 賢一 高張 大亮 小倉 真理子 陳 勁松 中山 厳馬 若槻 尊 山口 研成 山口 正和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.12, pp.1075-1081, 2023-12-01 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

21

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Since it is important that patients take their oral anticancer therapy as prescribed, pharmacists need to assess adherence. In addition, oral anticancer drugs are expensive, and reuse of leftover drugs at outpatient pharmacy clinics is useful in reducing drug costs. The present study aimed to clarify when and why patients have leftover capecitabine tablets, and the cost of leftover capecitabine tablets reused at an outpatient pharmacy clinic, focusing on adjuvant capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) chemotherapy for gastric cancer. We retrospectively studied patients who received adjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy for gastric cancer between November 1, 2015, and April 30, 2021, at the Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research. The cost of leftover capecitabine reused by pharmacists was calculated based on the National Health Insurance drug price standard for the study period. This study included 64 patients who received adjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy. Thirty-seven patients had 152 leftover capecitabine tablets. The most common reasons for leftover capecitabine tablets were nausea and vomiting (21.7%), missed doses (18.4%), and diarrhea (13.2%). The leftover capecitabine tablets for 25 patients were reused at the outpatient pharmacy clinic at a cost of JPY 604142.8 (JPY 24165.7 per patient). The study results suggest that evaluating capecitabine adherence and the reasons for leftover capecitabine tablets at outpatient pharmacy clinics as well as reusing leftover medication can contribute to reducing drug costs.

著者

平田 一耕 舟越 亮寛

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.11, pp.941-949, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-01)

参考文献数

23

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease that inflames the intestinal tract and reduces patient quality of life. In recent years, prescriptions of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors have made outpatient pharmacists indispensable to clinics and hospitals. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated the effectiveness of immunopharmacist outpatient services in treating IBD. The survey spanned between January 2019 and December 2020 and included patients who had visited an IBD-specialized outpatient clinic. The endpoints were the number of pharmaceutical and accepted interventions, improvement rates, and cost-effectiveness of the pharmacist outpatient services. The definition of pharmaceutical intervention involves the pharmacist outpatient clinic, which refers to the number of prescription proposals made to doctors, and the dispensing room, which refers to the number of inquiries made to doctors. The survey included 139 patients, and 579 assessments were performed in the pharmacist outpatient clinic. Out of 352 pharmaceutical interventions by the outpatient pharmacist group, 341 (96.9%) were accepted by physicians. Similarly, out of 74 pharmaceutical interventions by the dispensing group, 54 (73.0%) were accepted by physicians (p<0.0001). The overall improvement rate of pharmaceutical interventions was 93.5%. The immunopharmacist outpatient clinic was found to be cost-effective, with an estimated value of 44068000 yen. In IBD outpatient services, clinical pharmacists and physicians are integral members of the medical care team and have a positive impact on drug treatment outcomes.

著者

上岡 洋晴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.11, pp.931-940, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-01)

参考文献数

23

---

The purpose of this narrative review was to clarify the current status and issues of scientific evidence for functionality in the Foods with Function Claims system based on previous research. From the introduction of the system in April 2015 to January 1, 2023, there were 6606 notifications, of which 6297 (95.3) were systematic reviews (SRs) and 309 (4.7%) were clinical trials (CTs). SRs were identified the following problems: i) inadequate description based on the first version of PRISMA checklist, and ii) very low levels of quality assessment in the first version of AMSTAR checklist and AMSTAR 2. CT was reported to have the following problems: i) inconsistencies between the protocol and the content in the paper (non-compliance), ii) high risk of bias, and iii) not described based on the CONSORT 2010 checklist. Since SRs and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) often have low-quality notifications, it is necessary to correctly communicate this information to consumers in order to make appropriate purchasing decisions.

著者

山田 清文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.9, pp.965-969, 2022-09-01 (Released:2022-09-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2

---

In order to provide safe and effective pharmaceutical care to patients and their family members in clinical practice, pharmacists should receive appropriate clinical training after obtaining their license, as is standard in other medical professions. At present, there is no national framework in Japan for the early clinical training of pharmacists after licensure. However, pharmacy residency programs have been autonomously developed and implemented at some university hospitals and other medical institutions. This article describes the current status of clinical training of pharmacists after licensure in Japan. Furthermore, the standards for pharmacy residency programs, the outline of a core program for clinical training, and the career paths of hospital pharmacists after training are discussed.

著者

大澤 宏祐

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.7, pp.551-557, 2023-07-01 (Released:2023-07-01)

参考文献数

29

---

Naturally occurring cyclopeptides are potential middle-molecule drug candidates beyond Lipinski’s rule of five. This paper focuses on the structural determination and structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of two cyclopeptides: asperterrestide A and decatransin. The proposed asperterrestide A was synthesized by solution-phase peptide elongation, followed by macrolactamization. NMR analysis and molecular modeling studies revealed the stereochemistry at the two α-positions of amino acid residues as opposite to each other. This was further confirmed by the total synthesis of the revised asperterrestide A. SAR study of synthetic products revealed that the β-hydroxy group in the nonproteinogenic amino acid residue was not essential for its cytotoxicity. In addition, N-alkyl-enriched peptide fragments of decatransin were synthesized in solution-phase without diketopiperadine formation. The putative candidates of decatransin was synthesized by convergent peptide coupling, followed by macrocyclization under modified Mitsunobu conditions. The structure of the natural decatransin, including its absolute configuration, was determined through a comparison of spectral data and the cytotoxicity exhibited by the synthetic products.

著者

河添 仁 土屋 雅美 藤堂 真紀 原 梓 大西 友美子 大里 洋一 堀 里子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.8, pp.683-691, 2023-08-01 (Released:2023-08-01)

参考文献数

10

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This study aimed to clarify diverse values toward career visions for hospital pharmacists. A self-administered online questionnaire survey was delivered to live and on-demand release attendees at a symposium about sustainable career paths for pharmacists at the 32nd annual meeting of the Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences between September 23rd and November 14th, 2022. Correspondence analyses of text mining were conducted to assess the association between the participants’ perspectives on career visions and their backgrounds consisting of sex and generation. The recovery rate was 81.9% (136/166). The majority of respondents were women (61.4%), aged ≥40 years (66.1%). Correspondence analysis of career vision for pharmacists showed that respondents who were ≥20–30 years were associated with the research topic, whereas those who were ≥40 years were associated with the director of a pharmacy and worked until retirement age. In contrast, there was no difference in career visions for pharmacists based on sex. The median satisfaction score of the symposium was 6 [interquartile range (IQR): 5–6] in the entire population, as conveyed using a seven-point Likert scale. Interestingly, the median satisfaction scores of the symposium were significantly higher for men in management positions than women in non-management and management positions (p=0.0106 and p=0.0031, respectively). In conclusion, we believe that career support tailored to everyone’s values could enable hospital pharmacists to realize their career visions.

著者

齋藤 靖弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.143, no.8, pp.623-628, 2023-08-01 (Released:2023-08-01)

参考文献数

23

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It is difficult to say that pharmacist services in the emergency room (ER) are widespread nationwide. According to a survey of certified emergency pharmacists, the work area they are most commonly engaged in is the intensive care unit. This may be due to the lack of reimbursement for pharmacist services in ERs and the absence of operational guidelines. On the other hand, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital has had ER specialized pharmacists (ESPs) since 2016 and has reported on the usefulness of pharmacist services in the ER at conferences and in papers. Among other things, it has been shown that the workload of emergency physicians is reduced by 1.9 h/d through the use of ESPs, and that also contributes to the increase in accurate diagnoses of drug-induced diseases and the treatment of infectious diseases. Reports on the benefits of ESP have also begun to emerge in Japan, including a significant decrease in the number of incident reports. Meanwhile, overseas reports indicate that ESPs have a significant impact on healthcare economics, such as “an annualized cost avoidance effect of more than 400 million yen.” Furthermore, reports of improvements in operational guidelines and patient outcomes that support these guidelines indicate that ESPs in other countries are well-established ahead of their counterparts in Japan. We strongly hope that ESPs will increase in number and distribution in Japan in the future through the evaluation of reimbursement and formulation of operational guidelines.

著者

松木 光雄 渡部 俊彦 小笠原 綾子 三上 健 松本 達二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, no.8, pp.1203-1207, 2008 (Released:2008-08-01)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

12 17

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Glutathione dose dependently inhibited melanin synthesis in the reaction of tyrosinase and L-DOPA. The inhibition of melanin synthesis was recovered by increasing the concentration of L-DOPA, but not recovered by increasing tyrosinase. Glutathione inhibited the binding between tyrosinase and L-DOPA. Although the synthesized melanin was aggregated within 1 h, the aggregation was inhibited by the addition of glutathione. These results indicate that glutathione inhibits the synthesis and agglutination of melanin by interrupting the function of L-DOPA.