著者
吉田 正貴 稲留 彰人 村上 滋孝
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.121, no.5, pp.307-316, 2003 (Released:2003-04-26)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
8

下部尿路機能は自律神経によって制御を受け,中枢,末梢において様々な神経伝達物質によりその機能を営んでいる.近年,我々は主に脳で使用されているマイクロダイアリシス法を等尺性実験に応用することにより,神経伝達物質の回収を行い,尿路平滑筋の収縮や弛緩とそれに関与する神経伝達物質(acetylcholine: ACh, noradrenaline: NA, adenosine triphosphate: ATPおよびnitric oxide: NO)の定量と薬理学的解析を行ってきており,以下の検討結果を得た.1)尿道機能を司るアドレナリン作動神経とNO作動神経は単一で作用しているのではなく,NO作動神経から放出されるNOはアドレナリン作動神経からのNAの放出量を抑制的に調節していた.また,アドレナリン作動神経より放出されたNAはNO作動神経の神経終末に存在するα1受容体を介してNOの放出を抑制的に,α2受容体を介して促進的に調節しているものと考えられた.2)ヒト膀胱において,NO作動神経から放出されるNOは直接膀胱の弛緩作用は有さないが,コリン作動性神経に作用して,AChの放出量を減少させることにより,特に蓄尿期に膀胱の弛緩や活動性の抑制に関係しているものと考えられた.3)ヒト前立腺においては,神経型NOS活性の低下によるNO放出量の低下が,加齢や前立腺肥大症に伴う下部尿路症状を有する患者でみられ,これが前立腺尿道部のダイナミックな閉塞の一因となっている可能性が推察された.4)加齢に伴いヒト膀胱収縮におけるコリンおよびプリン作動性成分の関与は変化し,ACh放出量の低下によるコリン作動性成分の減少と,ATP放出量の増加によるプリン作動性成分の増加が示唆された.これらの変化と加齢に伴う過活動膀胱や低活動膀胱との関係が示唆された.これらの検討結果は,今後病態の解明や新しい薬剤の開発に寄与するものと考えられ,我々の研究が臨床応用に繋がることを期待している.
著者
池本 省吾
出版者
鳥取県林業試験場
雑誌
鳥取県農林総合研究所林業試験場研究報告 = Bulletin of Tottori Prefectural Agriculture and Forest Research Institute. Forestry Research Center (ISSN:21870985)
巻号頁・発行日
no.44, pp.15-20, 2012-03

ドングリ(ブナ科堅果の通称)の発芽に影響を与えるシギゾウムシ類幼虫による食害を防止するため、ドングリに対し温水処理を行い、その殺虫効果を検証するとともに、発芽に及ぼす影響を調査した。その結果、温水処理による殺虫効果が確かめられ、処理温度が低い場合は食害による発芽率の低下、処理温度が高い場合は過加熱による発芽率の低下がみられた。温水処理によりドングリの発芽能力を維持したまま殺虫効果を得るには、45℃の温水で30分間程度処理するのが適当と考えられた。また、温水処理の実用化を図るため、一般家庭にある風呂を利用して温水処理を試みたところ、内部まで設定温度に達するのに時間がかかるため殺虫が不完全になるという問題が生じた。これを解消するため、薄型に改良した袋を使用したところ、効率よく内部まで加温することができ、大量のドングリを確実に温水処理することが可能となった。

2 0 0 0 OA 亡友追遠録

著者
杉浦重剛 述
出版者
明治図書
巻号頁・発行日
1921
著者
Takai Nobuo Shigefuji Michiko Rajaure Sudhir Bijukchhen Subeg Ichiyanagi Masayoshi Dhital Megh Raj Sasatani Tsutomu
出版者
Springer
雑誌
Earth, Planets and Space (ISSN:13438832)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.1, pp.1-8, 2016-01-26
被引用文献数
97 2

On 25 April 2015, a large earthquake of Mw 7.8 occurred along the Main Himalayan Thrust fault in central Nepal. It was caused by a collision of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. The epicenter was near the Gorkha region, 80 km northwest of Kathmandu, and the rupture propagated toward east from the epicentral region passing through the sediment-filled Kathmandu Valley. This event resulted in over 8000 fatalities, mostly in Kathmandu and the adjacent districts. We succeeded in observing strong ground motions at our four observation sites (one rock site and three sedimentary sites) in the Kathmandu Valley during this devastating earthquake. While the observed peak ground acceleration values were smaller than the predicted ones that were derived from the use of a ground motion prediction equation, the observed peak ground velocity values were slightly larger than the predicted ones. The ground velocities observed at the rock site (KTP) showed a simple velocity pulse, resulting in monotonic-step displacements associated with the permanent tectonic offset. The vertical ground velocities observed at the sedimentary sites had the same pulse motions that were observed at the rock site. In contrast, the horizontal ground velocities as well as accelerations observed at three sedimentary sites showed long duration with conspicuous long-period oscillations, due to the valley response. The horizontal valley response was characterized by large amplification (about 10) and prolonged oscillations. However, the predominant period and envelope shape of their oscillations differed from site to site, indicating a complicated basin structure. Finally, on the basis of the velocity response spectra, we show that the horizontal long-period oscillations on the sedimentary sites had enough destructive power to damage high-rise buildings with natural periods of 3 to 5 s.
著者
大塚巧芸社 編
出版者
大塚巧芸社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第2輯, 1938

2 0 0 0 OA 岩倉公實記

著者
香川敬三 總閲
出版者
[皇后宮職]
巻号頁・発行日
vol.上卷, 1906
著者
川北 直子
出版者
湘南工科大学
雑誌
湘南工科大学紀要 = Memoirs of Shonan Institute of Technology (ISSN:09192549)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.1, pp.241-249, 1997-03-25

The vocabulary referring to sound, onomatopoeia, can be semantically analyzed into morphemic elements. The analysis of the onomatopoeia leads us to find that speakers in different language cultures take different meanings from each sound based on their aural images. This paper observes form-meaning correspondences in English onomatopoeia from the viewpoint of L2 learners, comparing them with those in Japanese, in order to figure out some differences of aural images perceived by English speakers and Japanese speakers. Cultural differences in aural images are basically caused by two backgrounds : 1) lack of formal distribution in either language and 2) linguistic experiences of speakers. The latter would be harder but important for L2 learners to find, such as subtle distributional differences in articulatory places between English plosives and those in Japanese, the meanings of [± voiced] in either language, and so on.
著者
和田 直 川手 亮三 山木戸 道郎 西亀 雄二 伊藤 千賀子 野間 興二 内藤 泰雄 野島 直樹 寄田 享
出版者
一般社団法人 日本糖尿病学会
雑誌
糖尿病 (ISSN:0021437X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.14-22, 1968-01-31 (Released:2011-08-10)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1

58, 235 subjects in 1963, 49, 174 subjects in 1964, 55, 393 subjects in 1965 and 82, 001 subjects in 1966 received a screening test for glycosuria using tes-tape. Since this study wes done on individuals who were exposed to the Atomic Bomb, no one was under 17 years of age when examined. Urine sample was obtained between 9 AM for 4 PM. Incidence of positive glycosuria was 3.0%, 3.9%, 4.4% and 4.3% respectively in each year. The incidence was 3.6 times higher in the male than in the female. Maxium incidence was noted in men over 60 years old being 10.1%, and minimum was in women under 39 years old being 1.1%. Of the glycosuric patients, 25.1% of males and 56.1% of females were obese, and 11.9% of males and 18.2% of females gave a family history of diabetes mellitus.2, 352 subjects from the cases who showed positive glycosuria had an oral glucose tolerance test. It was positive for diabetes mellitus in 42.6% of the subjects, 28.6% showed possible diabetes mellitus, 5.4% showed oxyhyperglycemia, 0.9% showed renal glycosuria and 22.3% were normal. Detection ratio of diabetes mellitus from the glycosuric patients was higher in the female (55.2%) than in the male (37.7%), though incidence of glycosuria was higher in the male than in the female. Of the 21 subjects who were diagnosed as renal glycosuria, 20 were male.The incidence of family history of diabetes mellitus was 14.6% in the diabetics and 12.8% in the glycousuric nondiabetics. This incidence in the nondiabetics was much higher than that of nonglycosuric nondiabetics (1.72%) which was reported by Dr. Rudnick in Hiroshima ABCC.Of total diabetic patients, the cases detected by this study was 72.7%. This would indicate that the screening test measuring urine sugar is valuable for the detection of diabetes mellitus in this kind of mass survay.The incidence of hypercholesteremia and of hypertension was statistically higher in the detected diabetics than in the nondiabetics.