著者
沼田 善子
巻号頁・発行日
2007

筑波大学博士 (言語学) 学位論文・平成19年1月31日授与 (乙第2250号)
著者
福間 聡
出版者
東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科
雑誌
死生学研究 (ISSN:18826024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, 2009-10-31

There is a Japanese expression "whipping the dead." This derives from a historical event in China. Wu Zixu, whose father and brothers had been killed by King Ping of Chu, exhumed the dead body of the King from his tomb and whipped it three hundred times as a kind of revenge. In Japan, this expression became an idiom that refers to when we blame and attack the antemonem words and deeds of the deceased. We use this idiom to teach that we have to refrain from blaming the deceased if it diminishes his or her memory; for example, "Because the professor has already died, you should not blame his remarks in his later years. This is because you whip the dead if you blame him." Why should we care about the deceased in this way? Do we harm the dead by blaming them now? Can we harm a person who has already died? Ifwe can, what harm is it ?<改行> To begin with, in order that a person can receive profit or injury from an event, he or she must exist when it happens. That is, if "the Existence Condition" nothing bad can happen to a person unless he or she exists at that time - is valid, no harm will be caused to the dead. However, does not this conclusion contradict our intuition that even the dead can be subjected to the negative effects of our actions ? It seems that we generally think that we should avoid condemning the deceased's antemonem words, deeds, and achievements. Then, does the precept that we should not blame the dead imply that we should not blame a person (though he or she is living) who is presently absent? That is, do we think of it as proper etiquette that we should not blame a person who cannot argue against us? Or, do we think that we should not out of consideration for the bereaved family ?<改行> However, the reason that it is important for the absent living to argue against condemning him or her is that there are real interests that he or she wants to protect. But there are no such interests for the deceased because he or she now is not a subject who can have them. So the reason that it is impossible to rebut blame is begging the question in the case of the deceased if the Existence Condition is valid. Moreover, if the bereaved family and related parties are now non-existent, can we be permitted to deliver any blame on the deceased? If so, do we need not respect the wishes of the deceased who has no relatives at all ? <改行> In order to defend our intuition, there are two ways in which we can insist that people can receive harm and profit from events that happen posthumously. One way is that we can argue that some interests of the deceased can survive his or her death, and their fulfillment being obstmcted harms the antemortem person. The other is that we can argue that, because the will of the deceased does not continue to exist in the mode of interests, he or she cannot undergo "real change" by posthumous events-but can undergo a "Cambridge change (relational change)." <改行> In this article, through examining these two standpoints, I consider whether our (Japanese) intuition that we should not condemn the deceased and that we should respect the living will of the deceased is valid from the perspective of the philosophy of death. Then, in light of these considerations, I make a proposal on some of the issues surrounding organ transplantation in Japanese society. I insist that we cannot harm the deceased, but can wrong him or her.
著者
Kondo Takayuki Funayama Misato Tsukita Kayoko Hotta Akitsu Yasuda Akimasa Nori Satoshi Kaneko Shinjiro Nakamura Masaya Takahashi Ryosuke Okano Hideyuki Yamanaka Shinya Inoue Haruhisa
出版者
Elsevier B.V.
雑誌
Stem Cell Reports (ISSN:22136711)
巻号頁・発行日
2014-06
被引用文献数
116

ヒトiPS細胞由来のグリア系神経前駆細胞移植でALSモデルマウスの生存期間を延長. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-06-27.
著者
科学技術動向研究センター
出版者
科学技術・学術政策研究所 科学技術動向研究センター
雑誌
科学技術動向 (ISSN:13493663)
巻号頁・発行日
no.142, pp.4-12, 2014-01 (Released:2014-02-13)

東京オリンピック開催決定を機に、2020 年に向けて目指すべき姿を早期実現させるための研究開発やシステム改革の議論が活発化している。オリンピックを契機とした日本への注目を好機と捉え、日本の魅力の発信を強化するとともに、その後の発展に繋げていくことが求められている。 そこで、科学技術動向研究センターは、第9 回科学技術予測調査(2010 年)を基に、社会実装に向けて取り組みを加速させるべきと考えられる研究開発テーマの抽出を試みた。2020 年頃までに技術的な目処が立つと予測された課題(トピック)を抽出し、①高度リスク管理・低減技術、②高精度な観測・予測システム、③どこでも電力・情報インフラ、④マルチスケールエネルギーマネジメント、⑤エネルギー・資源の超高効率利用、⑥ゼロエミッション、⑦知的なセンシングによるインフラマネジメント、⑧交通モダリティの革新、⑨インクルーシブ社会の実現、⑩サービス科学によるおもてなし、⑪食と健康、⑫ライフサイエンスの最先端、⑬デジタルファブリケーション、⑭サイエンスによる日本文化・ものづくり伝承、の14 テーマに分類した。
著者
今井 亮一
出版者
現代文芸論研究室
雑誌
れにくさ
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.298-314, 2013-03-29

特集 ラテン文学
著者
吉田 恒雄
出版者
早稲田大学法学会
雑誌
早稲田法学 (ISSN:03890546)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.4, pp.67-93, 1994-03-25
著者
伊東 光晴
出版者
京都大學經濟學會
雑誌
經濟論叢 (ISSN:00130273)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.139, no.1, pp.130-155, 1987-01
著者
白木 俊男 シラキ トシオ Shiraki Toshio
出版者
日本医学図書館協会
雑誌
医学図書館 (ISSN:04452429)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.2, pp.137-140, 2003-06-20

Abstract: In 1997 we developed a database to manage the achievements of each researcher, and two years later we developed a database that profiles each researcher. Next, we intend to consolidate and upgrade these two databases for our users.
著者
中原 明生 松尾 洋介
出版者
物性研究刊行会
雑誌
物性研究 (ISSN:07272997)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96, no.1, pp.73-74, 2011-04-05

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。