著者

平野 延行 渋木 陽介 吉岡 昌悟

出版者

筑波大学附属坂戸高等学校

雑誌

研究紀要

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.1-8, 2013-07

著者

塙 武郎

出版者

東京大学社会科学研究所

雑誌

社會科學研究 (ISSN:03873307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5/6, pp.163-184, 2008-03-21

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本稿は,ニューヨーク市(以下,市教育局)を事例としてアメリカの初等中等教育の財政構造と特質について「州・地方財政」の視点から検討する.初等中等教育行政に専門特化する学校区は,財政面で州から独立性をもつ地方政府であり,地方財産税の自主管理により教育費を賄っている.市教育局の場合,市の行政組織の一部であるため,教員給与や学校施設費等の経常的経費(一般基金)だけを主に管理し,その一般基金には市の自主財源と州運営費交付金(Flex Aid)が投入されている.州運営費交付金は,学校区の「財政力指数」(CWR)を用いて算定・配分され学校区間の所得再分配を担っている.教育財政の特質を象徴する同補助金は,第1に財源格差の「平準化」ではなく,「縮小」を目的とし,第2に貧困学校区には手厚いが,富裕学校区にも少額ながら配分することによって州・地方政府間の公平なパートナーシップを図り,第3に富裕学校区から余剰財源を削ぎ取って貧困学校区に分配するものではないと論じる.

著者

蝦名 翠

出版者

東京大学文学部国文学研究室

雑誌

東京大学国文学論集 (ISSN:18812139)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.53-65, 2008-05-25

著者

井磧 直行 岩見 真吾 本間 淳 関口 卓也

出版者

京都大学数理解析研究所

雑誌

数理解析研究所講究録 (ISSN:18802818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1598, pp.44-53, 2008-05

著者

福島 康記 倉沢 博

出版者

地球出版

巻号頁・発行日

pp.469-544, 1961-06

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「日本林業の生産構造」の一部

著者

Li Chunhua Kobayashi Kiwa Yoshida Yasuko Ohsawa Ryo

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.303-309, 2012-12

被引用文献数

14

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The consumption of products made from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) has increased in recent years in Japan. Increased consumer demand has led to recognition of the need for early varieties of this crop with high and stable yields. In order to accomplish this, more information is needed on the genetic mechanisms affecting earliness and yield. We conducted genetic analysis of 3 agronomic traits (days to flowering, plant height and total seed weight per plant) to segregate F2 and F3 populations derived from a cross between Tartary buckwheat cultivars ‘Hokuriku No. 4’ and ‘Ishisoba’. Broad-sense heritability estimates for days to flowering, plant height and total seed weight were 0.70, 0.62 and 0.75, respectively, in F3 population. Narrow-sense heritability for total seed weight (0.51) was highest, followed by heritability for days to flowering (0.37), with heritability for plant height (0.26) lowest. Later flowering was associated with increased plant height and higher yields. From the F4 generation, we identified twelve candidate plants with earlier maturity and reduced plant height compared to ‘Hokuriku No. 4’, but almost the same total seed weight. These results suggest that hybridization breeding using the single seed descent (SSD) method is an effective approach for improving agronomic characteristics of Tartary buckwheat.

著者

Liu Yaping Zhou Xun Fang Bin Zhou Haiyan Yamanaka Tsutomu

出版者

Springer

雑誌

Environmental earth sciences (ISSN:18666280)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.7, pp.1887-1896, 2012-08

被引用文献数

18 6

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The Jifei hot spring emerges in the form of a spring group in the Tibet–Yunnan geothermal zone, southwest of Yunnan Province, China. The temperatures of spring waters range from 35 to 81°C and are mainly of HCO3–Na·Ca type. The total discharge of the hot spring is about 10 L/s. The spring is characterized by its huge travertine terrace with an area of about 4,000 m2 and as many as 18 travertine cones of different sizes. The tallest travertine cone is as high as 7.1 m. The travertine formation and evolution can be divided into three periods: travertine terrace deposition period, travertine cone formation period and death period. The hydrochemical characteristics of the Jifei hot spring was analyzed and compared with a local non-travertine hot spring and six other famous travertine springs. The results indicate that the necessary hydrochemical conditions of travertine and travertine cones deposition in the Jifei area are (1) high concentration of HCO3 − and CO2; (2) about 52.9% deep source CO2 with significantly high PCO2 value; (3) very high milliequivalent percentage of HCO3 − (97.4%) with not very high milliequivalent percentage of Ca2+ (24.4%); and (4) a large saturation index of calcite and aragonite of the hot water.

著者

Kobayashi Kiwa Arai Miyako Tanaka Atsushi Matsuyama Shigeru Honda Hiroshi Ohsawa Ryo

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.293-302, 2012-12

被引用文献数

23

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Floral scent attracts pollinators. We investigated the floral scent compounds recognized by pollinators in six Brassica crop species, including allogamous species with different genomes and autogamous species with two parental genomes and radish (Raphanus sativus). Biologically active compounds recognized by honeybees were screened from all floral compounds by combined gas chromatography–electroantennogram analysis and their profiles were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fourteen of the 52 compounds were active. All accessions had more than two active compounds, but the compounds greatly differed between the two genera. On the basis of similarities in whether active compounds were presence or absence, their amount and their composition ratio, we divided the Brassica accessions into three to five groups by cluster analyses. Most groups were composed of a mixture of allogamous and autogamous species sharing same genome, indicating that the variation depended on genome, not species. These results suggest that all species require pollinator visits for reproduction, despite their different reproductive systems. However, the inter-genus and intra-specific variations shown by the multiple groups within a species might cause different visitation frequencies by pollinators between genera and among accessions within a species, resulting in insufficient seed production in some accessions or species.

著者

Min Eun Jung Shin Jun Geun Lee Jae Hwi Yasuno Yoshiaki Lee Byeong Ha

出版者

Optical Society of America

雑誌

Applied optics (ISSN:1559128X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.21, pp.5143-5151, 2013-07

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We propose a single-step method appropriated for a fiber-optic probe-based full-range spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The fiber-optic probe was scanned over a sample with a magnetically driven actuator. In the reference arm, a phase shift of π/2 was applied during two neighbor axial scanning, from which the complex spectral interferogram was directly reconstructed. Since the complex-conjugate-free OCT image is obtained by doing just one Fourier transform on the complex interferogram, obtaining the full-range image is simple in algorithm and effective in computation time. Some full-range images of biological samples created with the proposed method are presented and the processing time is analyzed.

著者

Naka Izumi Ohashi Jun Kimura Ryosuke Inaoka Tsukasa Matsumura Yasuhiro

出版者

BioMed Central

雑誌

Lipids in health and disease (ISSN:1476511X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.110, 2013-07

被引用文献数

4 1

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BackgroundOur previous study demonstrated that the A-allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs34623097 located in the upstream region of the β2 adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) is significantly associated with risk for obesity in Oceanic populations.MethodsTo investigate whether the ADRB2 polymorphisms explain part of the individual differences in lipid mobilization, energy expenditure and glycogen breakdown, the associations of 10 ADRB2 SNPs with total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were examined in 128 adults in Tonga.ResultsA multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index revealed that rs34623097 was significantly associated with triglyceride levels (P-value = 0.037). A copy of the rs34623097-A allele increased serum triglyceride levels by 70.1 mg/dL (0.791 mmol/L). None of the ADRB2 SNPs showed a significant association with total-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ConclusionsIn a Tongan population, a SNP located in the upstream region of ADRB2 is associated with triglyceride levels independent of body mass index.

著者

赤澤 史朗

出版者

立命館大学法学会

雑誌

立命館法学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.333/334, pp.1461-1492, 2010

著者

小谷 清

出版者

筑波大学社会科学系 (経済学)

雑誌

筑波大学経済学論集

巻号頁・発行日

no.47, pp.135-166, 2001-10-31

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戦前から戦後そして現在に至るまで我が国の社会経済問題についての思考を頑強に支配し続けてきたのは、この小論で制度主義と呼ぶ思考パターンである。わが国でも、政府の介入によってではなく、市場機構に経済問題の解決は任せるべきであるという。制度主義とは相い対立する市場主義が、ある程度の社会的合意を得た考え方として ...

著者

山本 哲三

出版者

北海道大学經濟學部 = HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY SAPPORO,JAPAN

雑誌

北海道大學 經濟學研究 (ISSN:04516265)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.373-447, 1974-12

著者

浦山 勝

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究科・農学部技術部

雑誌

北海道大学大学院農学研究科・農学部技術部研究・技術報告

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.3-10, 2001-03

著者

Arifin Zainal Situmorang Sabam P. Booij Kees

出版者

International Coastal Research Center, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo

雑誌

Coastal marine science (ISSN:13493000)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.205-211, 2010-08-20

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Proceedings of 4th JSPS-VAST Joint Seminar on 'Coastal Marine Science', Hai Phong, Viet Nam, 26-28 October 2009

著者

相沢 直樹

出版者

北海道大学スラブ研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.1-33, 1998-03-31

著者

松川 絵里/本間 直樹/横田 恵子

出版者

大阪大学大学院文学研究科臨床哲学研究室

雑誌

臨床哲学 (ISSN:13499904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.111-120, 2006-03-20

著者

河原 剛一

出版者

北海道大学電子科学研究所=Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University

雑誌

電子科学研究 (ISSN:13402455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.33-39, 1997-02

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部門研究紹介

著者

長田 攻一

出版者

早稲田大学大学院文学研究科

雑誌

早稲田大学大学院文学研究科紀要 = Bulletin of the Graduate Division of Literature of Waseda University (ISSN:05097517)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.43-57, 1983

著者

Tabata Kenichi Sasaki Takayuki Yamamoto Yohei

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.4, pp.043301, 2013-07

被引用文献数

9

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Organic semiconductor thin films were fabricated by thermal deposition of free-base and metal phthalocyanines under a static magnetic field. A vertical magnetic field enhanced the crystallinity of the edge-on orientation of the phthalocyanine discs, whereas a horizontal magnetic field had a minimal effect on the crystallinity. The major factor for the orientation change is attributed to the diamagnetic anisotropies of π-electrons in the phthalocyanine macrocycles. Field-effect transistors of phthalocyanine films fabricated under a vertical magnetic field exhibited better hole mobilities and on-current values with smaller threshold voltages than those of phthalocyanine films fabricated without a magnetic field.