著者

[Kodokan Toshio Daigoho et al. [editorial staff]]

出版者

Kodansha

巻号頁・発行日

1964

著者

吉田 一史美

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

no.29, pp.53-62, 2011-09-30

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This paper studies a movement in Japan in the 1970s and 1980s for a new adoption system to give women reproductive freedom by providing an alternative to abortion. The study examines why the adoption movement resulted in failure and reveals how concurrent campaigns to restrain abortion influenced this failure. In 1973, Dr. Noboru Kikuta publicly confessed to arranging 100 illegal adoptions using false birth certificates in cases of unwanted pregnancy to protect the mothers and save their fetuses. Subsequently, he started a movement to deny abortion to any woman past her seventh month of pregnancy, when a fetus can survive outside of the womb, and to establish a new adoption system protecting women's privacy in records of childbirth and adoption to provide an alternative to abortion. However, jurists did not embrace the protection of unmarried mothers from stigma and the Special Adoption Law established in 1987 did not reflect Kikuta's proposal. In the 1970s and 1980s, while Kikuta developed his movement, some religious groups and politicians criticized the Eugenic Protection Act, which was enacted in 1948 and allowed abortion within the seventh month. They campaigned to amend the act to prohibit most abortions and include disabled fetuses in eugenic policies instead. However, feminist and disabled people's groups protested against and frustrated the campaigns. As a side effect of this controversy, Kikuta's movement for a new adoption system was seen as being radically pro-life or anti-feminist. Moreover, obstetricians making a living by performing abortion and feminists did not actively support him. Kikuta's new adoption system was a simple proposal to protect fetuses' lives and add to women's choices, but the concurrent anti-abortion campaigns made Kikuta's beliefs and actions seem overly political. Kikuta's failure and the present situation of adoption in Japan are representative of the limitations of women's reproductive freedom in Japan.

著者

小幡 道昭

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.15-25, 2011-04-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

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The paper argues that theoretical framework of Marxian economics should be rebuilt under the rise of newly emerging capitalism such as China, India and Brazil. Based on the recognition that the setback of neo-liberalism revealed by the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 is not the end of globalism, but the beginning of the full-fledged development of globalization, we have fundamentally changed the stage theory of historical development of capitalism which insists that capitalism has a single origin and goes through three stages of generation, development and decline, into the Multilayered Origins Theory of Capitalism such that different types of capitalism swarms intermittently in different regions. It tells us that structural change comparable to the rise of England with decline of the Netherlands, the subsequent rise of Germany with decline of Britain, is now happening between the advanced capitalist countries in the 20th century and emerging economies in the 21st century. Such understanding about the history of capitalist development requires abolishing the single image of capitalism based on the theory of pure capitalism such as Kozo Uno proposed. Here we examined three aspects of his idea, (1) significance of dividing theory into two layers, (2) limitations of the idea of closing to and leaving from the pure state of capitalism, and (3) inconsistency in dividing stages into mercantilism, liberalism and imperialism. Alternatively after illustrating the Transformation Approach focused on structural changes in capitalism, we try to check the validity of the theory by studying three contemporary issues, namely, employment, environment and private property of knowledge and information. It leads us to the idea of maturity in advanced capitalism after neo-liberalism. Matured capitalism, though flexible to change with dismantling the social relations and spreading ideology that persuade people to think it natural, still cannot return to welfare state capitalism in 20th century under the rise of emerging capitalism. It has no choice without neo-socialism.

著者

小山 裕史

雑誌

人間科学研究 = Waseda journal of human sciences (ISSN:18800270)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.55-55, 2006-03-25 (Released:2016-11-27)

著者

金 裕赫

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.227-240, 1987-11-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

10

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1. TAEKRIGI is atopology written by Lee Jungwhan (李重煥) about 230 years ago. His topology is quite different from those of the traditional popology based on the national view of the topography. In short, the content of his book is based on a rather reasonable theoretical system and scientific approach. Especially his book draws our attention with its theoretical model is much employed at presest.2. The reason of comparing the geographical characteristics of NAGAI City in the province of YAMAGADA, with the model presented in TAEKRIGI is that the topography of NAGAI area is very similar to that described in TAEKRIGI even though the latter is very difficult to be found in a real situation. In other words, the colors of the land, the water courses, and the natural landscape seen early in the morning in TAEKRIGI, all correspend to those of NAGAI area.3. The natural conditions described in the book have no defects in promoting the environmental pleasantness even though someone may doubt whether such conditions can provide us an ideal environment for our life.4. Some prejudice such as the old theories are worn-out merely because they are in the old classic cooks should be eliminated. As man has his history, so an area has its local topography. If both of them are defined on the basis of human wisdom, it is better that the fefinition should have a longer time-bond, for many of the indirect experiences can be incorporated in it.5. From the above point of view, the writer, with the help of the theory modelled in TAEKRIGI would like to present the following five suggestions for the future development of NAGAI City.a. Proper measurement the basis for the continuous development of the local traditional culture in order to enhance the pride of the citizens.b. Expansion of the basis for the development of the nonpollution industry.c. Local promotion based on the practical employment of the natural conditions.d. Proper measurement for the establishment plan of the local colleges to increase the qualified personnel in the local area.e. Presentation of an index for the development through the cooperation among the citizens.

著者

大木 英夫

出版者

東京神学大学

雑誌

神学 (ISSN:09108416)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.35-81, 1990-12-26

著者

中西 随功

出版者

JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.610-611, 1980-03-31 (Released:2010-03-09)

著者

edited by Richard J.A. Talbert

出版者

Princeton University Press

巻号頁・発行日

2000

著者

新 茂之

出版者

同志社大学哲学会

雑誌

哲学論究 (ISSN:09138056)

巻号頁・発行日

no.21, pp.1-30, 2007-06

著者

新 茂之

出版者

同志社大学哲学会

雑誌

哲学論究 (ISSN:09138056)

巻号頁・発行日

no.23, pp.1-28, 2009-07

著者

李 受美

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

情報学研究 : 学環 : 東京大学大学院情報学環紀要 (ISSN:1880697X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.147-169, 2006-01-31

著者

竹村 克己 青柳 一正 永瀬 宗重 坂本 まさ子 石川 敏子 成田 光陽

出版者

社団法人 日本腎臓学会

雑誌

日本腎臓学会誌 (ISSN:03852385)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.11, pp.1195-1201, 1990 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

19

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Methylguanidine (MG) which is known as a uremic toxin, is synthesized from creatinine(Cre). We have clarified that active oxygen plays an important role on MG synthesisin vitro and in rat hepatocytes. On the other hand, hyperoxia is very injurious in various tissues, and it has been reported that active oxygen produced in hyperoxia plays an important role on the tissue injury. This study was performed to investigate the effect of hyperoxia on MG synthesis in vivo. The subjects in this study were patients who were treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO), Serum Cre, MG, and urinary Cre, MG before and after HBO were measured in these subjects. The subjects were classified into four groups. Group 1-III were undergone HBO with condition of 100% 02, 2 atomosphere absolute (ATA), 1 hour, (I: Ccr<10 ml/min, II: l0≤Ccr<50 m1/min, III: Ccr≥50ml/min) and group IV (Ccr≥50ml/min) with 100%O2, 3ATA. 1 hour. Urinary excretion rate of MG (urine MG/urine Cre) significantly increased after HBO therapy in every group. Urine MG/urine Cre/serum Cre ratio which was used as a index of MG synthesis rate also increased. In this study, it is clarified that MG excretion rate increases in hyperoxic condition. These results suggest that active oxygen plays an important role on MG synthesis in vivo, and that the urine MG/urine Cre/serum Cre ratio can be a uaeful maker of the active oxygen products in vivo.

著者

児玉町教育委員会 児玉町史編さん委員会編

出版者

児玉町

巻号頁・発行日

1990

著者

中山清夫編

出版者

風声堂

巻号頁・発行日

1900

著者

奥平 真紀 内潟 安子 岡田 泰助 岩本 安彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本糖尿病学会

雑誌

糖尿病 (ISSN:0021437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.10, pp.781-785, 2003-10-30 (Released:2011-03-02)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

6

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2型糖尿病患者の合併症予後に検診と治療中断が及ぼす影響を検討した.対象は1998年11月から1999年1月までに東京女子医科大学糖尿病センターを初診した2型糖尿病患者133名である.検診で糖尿病を発見された『検診発見群』76名は『検診以外発見群』57名と比べ, 治療中断の頻度及び合併症重症度に差異はみられなかった.1年以上の治療中断歴をもつ『中断あり群』48名は『中断なし群』85名と比べ, 有意に合併症は重症化しており (p<0.0005), 更に中断年数が長くなるほど合併症は重症化していた (p<0.0001).一方, 検診を受けていても治療中断をすると, 合併症は重症化していた (p<0.01).糖尿病合併症の発症には検診で発見されたかどうかは関係がなく, 治療中断が大きな影響を与えていることが明らかになった

著者

服部治則著

出版者

岩田書院

巻号頁・発行日

2007

著者

平山優著

出版者

吉川弘文館

巻号頁・発行日

2014

著者

玉井 普

雑誌

日本新生児学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290386)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.62-64, 1996-03-30

被引用文献数

2

著者

田村 尚也

出版者

学研パブリッシング

雑誌

歴史群像

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.6, pp.64-78, 2009-12

著者

目黒 士門 MEGURO Simon

出版者

岩手大学人文社会科学部

雑誌

アルテスリベラレス (ISSN:03854183)

巻号頁・発行日

no.32, pp.p91-103, 1983-07