著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1903年03月25日, 1903-03-25

著者

張 玉玲

出版者

南山大学

雑誌

アカデミア. 人文・自然科学編 = Academia. Humanities and natural sciences (ISSN:21853282)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.107-130, 2021-06-30

出版者

『法学政治学論究』編集委員会

巻号頁・発行日

1989

著者

藤間 繁義 Paul Shigeyoshi Toma

雑誌

桃山学院大学キリスト教論集 = St. Andrew's University Journal of Christian Studies (ISSN:0286973X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.135-157, 1972-03-25

著者

高木 信二 倉田 岳人 郡山 知樹 塩田 さやか 鈴木 雅之 玉森 聡 俵 直弘 中鹿 亘 福田 隆 増村 亮 森勢 将雅 山岸 順一 山本 克彦

雑誌

研究報告音声言語情報処理(SLP) (ISSN:21888663)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2018-SLP-120, no.14, pp.1-9, 2018-02-13

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2017 年 8 月 20 日から 8 月 24 日にかけ,ストックホルム ・ スウェーデンで Interspeech 2017 が開催された.Interspeech は音声言語情報処理の分野におけるトップカンファレンスと位置付けられており,今後の本分野の動向に大きく影響を与えている.本稿では,本会議における研究動向,注目すべき発表について報告する.

著者

岡倉登志編

出版者

世界思想社

巻号頁・発行日

1996

著者

武田 祐佳

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.87-102, 2000-10-31 (Released:2016-11-02)

著者

大槻 勝紀

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.9, pp.576-581, 1999-09-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

16

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1936年10月01日, 1936-10-01

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1932年07月02日, 1932-07-02

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1928年03月08日, 1928-03-08

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1930年08月28日, 1930-08-28

著者

Kazunari Kondo Chie Taguchi

出版者

Food Safety Commission, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan

雑誌

Food Safety (ISSN:21878404)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.4, pp.113-128, 2022 (Released:2022-12-23)

参考文献数

80

被引用文献数

8

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The food supply system is facing important challenges and its sustainability has to be considered. Genome-editing technology, which accelerates the development of new variety, could be used to achieve sustainable development goals, thereby protecting the environment and ensuring the stable production of food for an increasing global population. The most widely used genome-editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9, is easy to use, affordable, and versatile. Foods produced by genome-editing technologies have been developed worldwide to create novel traits. In the first half of the review, the latest scientific findings on genome-editing technologies are summarized, and the technical challenge in genome sequence analysis are clarified. CRISPR/Cas9 has versatile alternative techniques, such as base editor and prime editor. Genome sequencing technology has developed rapidly in recent years. However, it is still difficult to detect large deletions and structural variations. Long-read sequencing technology would solve this challenge. In the second part, regulatory framework and approach for genome-edited foods is introduced. The four government ministries, including the Ministry of Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), started to discuss how the regulation should be implemented in 2019. The SDN-1 technique is excluded from the current genetically modified organism (GMO) regulation. The Japanese regulatory framework includes pre-submission consultation and submission of notification form. In the last part of this review, transparency of regulatory framework and consumer confidence were described. Since maintaining consumer trust is vital, transparency of regulatory framework is a key to consumers. The information of notification process on approved genome-edited foods is made public immediately. This review will help regulators build regulatory frameworks, and lead to harmonization of the framework between the countries.

著者

曽我 麻里恵 勝良 剛詞 小林 太一 髙村 真貴 黒川 亮 新美 奏恵 田中 恵子 石山 茉佑佳 林 孝文

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯科放射線学会

雑誌

歯科放射線 (ISSN:03899705)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.41-46, 2022 (Released:2022-04-06)

参考文献数

14

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Background and Purpose: Dental caries that arise after radiotherapy (radiation caries) can lead to reduced masticatory function caused by tooth loss and osteoradionecrosis caused by dental infections. There are two main opinions regarding the mechanism underlying radiation caries: 1) tooth fragility caused by the direct effects of radiation and 2) a reduction in the physiological effects of saliva due to hyposalivation and a worsening of oral status. However, it has not been clarified which of these mechanisms is the main cause of radiation caries. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for radiation caries in patients who had received head and neck radiotherapy. Material and Methods: Forty patients who had received head and neck radiotherapy were enrolled. We retrospectively investigated the relationships between radiation caries and clinical parameters, such as the treated site, irradiation field, radiation dose, and oral status, for 3 years after the completion of radiotherapy. Results: The incidence rate of radiation caries was 85%. Twenty-two percent and 78% of radiation caries occurred within and outside the irradiation field, respectively. The incidence rate of radiation caries among teeth within and outside the radiation field was 41.7% and 57.7%, respectively. The occurrence of radiation caries showed a moderate positive correlation with plaque control records. On the other hand, it was not correlated with the total radiation dose, the mean radiation dose delivered to the parotid gland, or the amount of saliva. Discussion: Our results suggested that radiation caries occur both within and outside the radiation field. It is considered that the risk of radiation caries is affected more by oral status, such as poor oral hygiene, than structural changes in teeth caused by radiation. Therefore, it is important to maintain a good oral status after head and neck radiotherapy to prevent radiation caries.

著者

武部 好子

出版者

就実大学, 就実短期大学

雑誌

就実論叢 = The research bulletin of Shujitsu University and Shujitsu Junior College (ISSN:02859548)

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.15-31, 2022-02-28

著者

百々 幸雄 川久保 善智 澤田 純明 石田 肇

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (Japanese Series) (ISSN:13443992)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.120818, (Released:2012-10-06)

被引用文献数

3 2

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北海道の南西部,中央部,および北東部のアイヌにサハリンアイヌを加えたアイヌ4地域集団を対象にして,日本本土と琉球諸島諸集団の地域差と比較しながら,アイヌの地域差とはいったいどの程度のものであったのかを,頭蓋形態小変異20項目を指標にして評価してみた。地域差の大小関係は,スミスの距離(MMD)を尺度として比較した。北海道アイヌ3集団の地域差の程度は,奄美・沖縄・先島の琉球諸島近世人3集団の地域差よりはやや大きく,東北・関東・九州の日本本土の現代人3集団の地域差とほぼ同程度であった。北海道アイヌのなかでは,道北東部アイヌが道南西部および道中央部のアイヌとやや距離を置く傾向が観察された。サハリンアイヌは北海道アイヌから相当程度遠く離れ,その距離(MMD)の平均値は,北海道アイヌ3地域集団相互の距離の平均値の約4倍にも達した。このような関係は,18項目の頭蓋計測値にもとづいたマハラノビスの距離(D2)でも確かめられた。

著者

Migyeong Kim Jeong Hoon Cho Sang-Boom Ryoo

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023-004, (Released:2023-01-10)

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Forecasts of discrete events, such as precipitation, dust storms, and typhoons, can be deterministic, categorical, or probabilistic. Ensemble-based probabilistic predictions generate more consistent forecasts than individual deterministic models. We introduce and evaluate the Ensemble Prediction System of Asian Dust Aerosol Model 3, which generates probability forecasts of Asian dust. Probability forecasts were produced for 300 μ gm−3 PM10 mass concentrations, according to the air-quality standards of the Ministry of Environment of South Korea and Korea Meteorological Administration. Crisis-level information was produced to categorize the dust risk level for Asia, using a risk matrix. The model's performance was evaluated using a 2 × 2 contingency table, the Brier skill score, and a reliability diagram. For skill score evaluation via the contingency table, the average hit rate and threat score were 0.46 and 0.34 for the best three sites, Jurihe, Erenhot, and Wulatezhongqi. The Brier skill score was positive for approximately 60% of stations, with the highest (0.401) and lowest (−2.038) values in Erenhot and Yanan, respectively. The reliability diagram revealed overestimated Asian dust frequencies for all stations. Although the stations were located within the same regions, their skill scores differed. Regional characteristics of skill scores should be further investigated in the future.

著者

Masaki Satoh Keisuke Hosotani

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19A-001, (Released:2022-12-28)

被引用文献数

1

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A sequence of heavy rainfall events due to quasi-stationary band-shaped precipitation systems, or “senjo-kousuitai”, was observed in the Kyushu region, Japan, from 3 to 8 July 2020. In this study, we investigate two of six indices that have previously been used to determine conditions favorable for senjo-kousuitai, i.e., water vapor flux at the height of 500 m and storm-relative environmental helicity. We examine the relationship between these indices and the occurrence of senjo-kousuitai over the past 20 years using the Japan Meteorological Agency 55-year reanalysis data. We show that the anomaly in wind speeds rather than humidity contributes more to anomalous water vapor flux. The vertical shear of zonal winds and the meridional flow in the lower layer contribute more to the storm-relative environmental helicity. We conducted 20-member ensemble experiments with a 14 km mesh Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) for the senjo-kousuitai event. We found that the initial variabilities of the water vapor over the area stretching from the East China Sea to the South China Sea and the wind fields over the western periphery of the North Pacific High are sensitive to the water vapor flux over the senjo-kousuitai area in Kyushu.

著者

Kai Cao Xiao Tang Lanning Wang Xueshun Chen Qizhong Wu Lei Kong Miaomiao Lu Huangjian Wu Zifa Wang

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023-003, (Released:2022-12-28)

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From the end of 2019 to the beginning of 2020, Australian bushfires caused by high temperatures and drought significantly impacted the local and global atmosphere. This work uses the global atmospheric chemistry transport model and observations to assess the enormous impact of bushfire emissions on PM2.5 in Australia. During December 2019, the significant increase in biomass-burning emissions led to increases in PM2.5 observations in megacities such as Canberra, Sydney, Newcastle, Brisbane and Melbourne by 845%, 322%, 171%, 141% and 58%, respectively. Numerical simulations reveal that bushfires increased PM2.5 in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere by 49% and 13%, respectively. Although the aerosols produced by bushfires could not cross the equator at ground level and affect the air quality in the Northern Hemisphere, they were transported to South Asian countries such as Malaysia and India, as well as Papua New Guinea and New Zealand. In addition, they were also injected upward into the stratosphere (approximately 15 km height). Aerosols injected into the stratosphere could be transported to Antarctica and South America, thus completing global transport.

著者

Kazuto Takemura Hitoshi Mukougawa

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.1-8, 2023 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

23

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This study shows a possible mechanism of abnormal extension of North Pacific subtropical high (NPSH) toward western and eastern Japan observed in late June 2022, when Japan experienced an unprecedented heat wave lasting more than a week. During the period, an upper-tropospheric anticyclonic circulation anomaly amplifies to the east of northern Japan associated with the Silk-Road pattern.  A diagnosis using quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity (QGPV) inversion shows that the lower-level anticyclonic circulation anomalies induced by the upper-level anticyclone are the primary factor in the generation of lower-level negative QGPV anomalies from mainland Japan to its south associated with the anomalous extension of the NPSH. The induced circulation causes the lower-level negative QGPV anomalies by upgradient horizontal advection of the climatological QGPV, which has a strong gradient from mainland Japan to its south associated with the Baiu frontal zone. The proposed mechanism well explains a peculiar vertical structure of the observed anticyclone near Japan.  A sensitivity diagnosis considering the sub-seasonal variation of the climatological lower-tropospheric QGPV distribution during summer indicates that the proposed NPSH extension mechanism toward Japan becomes most efficient from late June to early July, when the Baiu frontal zone is most enhanced near Japan.