著者
ヌルミ ユッシ
出版者
北海道大学アイヌ・先住民研究センター
雑誌
アイヌ・先住民研究 (ISSN:24361763)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.83-115, 2023-03-01

本研究では現在まで明らかにされていない、そしてあまり研究対象とされていないアイヌ語の否定表現を類型論的な観点から調べることとする。否定はある命題の真偽を表すのみならず、様々なコンテクストによる語用論的な意味も見られる。本研究では、Miestamo (2016)の方法を参考にし、アイヌ語における否定を総合的にまとめることを目標とする。また、先行研究や文法書などに具体的に扱われていない、統語的に否定だが、語用上ではそれ以上の意味を持つ否定表現にも注目する。また、本研究ではより幅広くアイヌ語の否定表現を調査するために、様々なジャンルのアイヌ語テキストの分析をしてきた。本稿はアイヌ語の統語的な否定を一般的にまとめたものだが、今後の研究すべき対象や本稿で解決できなかったものを指摘することを示したものでもある。
著者
佐野 郁夫
出版者
北海道大学公共政策大学院
雑誌
年報 公共政策学
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, pp.55-80, 2014-05-30

This study examines how and why high energy efficiency of Japanese industries was achieved, and why U.S.A. couldn’t as Japan, taking the steel industry as case examples, to find lessons for newly industrializing countries to construct low carbon industrial structure. The largest factor is the difference of modernization of facilities in 1960’s. In U.S.A., despite the market was growing, steel companies didn’t introduce new facilities and technologies, for fear of discounting battle. As another factor, in U.S.A., domestic natural gas was cheap even through oil crisis, therefore, byproduct gases recovery facilities are not pay in present technology level.
著者
野家 啓一
出版者
東北大学哲学研究会
雑誌
思索 = SHISAKU (ISSN:0289064X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, pp.145-166, 2020-12-24
著者
阿部 匡樹 山田 憲政
出版者
日本バイオメカニクス学会
雑誌
バイオメカニクス研究 (ISSN:13431706)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.2, pp.82-91, 1998

Approximate Entropy (Ap entropy) was developed as a method to quantify regularity of time-series data. The aim of this study was to examine problems in the application of Ap entropy to human movement data and to distinguish movement patterns by quantifying the regularity of experimental human movement data. The following results were obtained: 1) For a relatively periodic time-series function with a small number of periods,difference in both the number of data points and number of periods affected the Ap entropy value. Thus,for the application of Ap entropy,the number of data points and the number of periods should be made the same. 2) Under the experimental conditions of this study,the change in the Ap entropy value was in accordance with subjective judgment of movement patterns. This indicates that Ap entropy is an effective parameter for quantitatively distinguishing movement patterns in data that differ in time-series regularity.
著者
福 寛美 吉成 直樹
出版者
法政大学国際日本学研究所
雑誌
国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.1-39, 2007-03-31

The earliest written source material of the Ryūkyū kingdom, the collection of songs Omoro sōshi of 1623, includes a song text that cannot be interpreted in any other way than as describing the king and his noble companions committing thievery while sailing around the seas. Other omoro songs describe powerful male local rulers raking up tribute from harbor villages ruled by others. These are clearly songs of plunder and looting.There are other songs in which a sword named Tsukushi Chiyara (‘The Powerful One of Tsukushi’) appears. Tsukushi was a name for Kyushu, where the sword was purchased, and the name is known as another designation for the treasure-sword Teganemaru, owned by the rulers of the second Shō dynasty. Another song can be interpreted as saying that the great ruler of the southern Okinawan area (shimo no yo no nushi) prospered because of the rights he gained by possessing the sword Tsukushi Chiyara.Among songs associated with ruling dynasty, there are songs about gems, ‘Gems with Power of Tsukushi,’ which describe the gems surrounding the islands they rule. It seems reasonable to identify these gems with the three comma-shaped beads of the hidari-mitsudomoe used as the crest of the ruling dynasty, the sacred crest of Hachiman Daibosatsu, and the crest on the banner flown by Wakō Hachimansen pirate ships. This interpretation is supported by another song which describes the mitsudome pattern as three magatama (comma-shaped beads) in a circle. In short, it was thought that swords and beads deriving from Tsukushi (Kyushu) validated the rule of the Ryūkyū kingdom.Another omoro song sings of drinking alcohol in winter and summer, that is, all year round. Men’s liking for alcohol is a common theme in these songs, which imply that powerful men are especially fond of it. It is only natural that alcohol should have been appreciated in the world of the Wakō.In the omoro songs, several words appear with the prefix oni (‘devil’). This implies the possession of an unusually strong spiritual power. The founder of the second Shō dynasty, Kanamaru, is referred to as Onisanko, while a priestess who exhibited spiritual power in battle is called Oni no Kimihae. The places where high-ranking priestesses undertook rituals with swords are called Oni-gusuku, while the strong male ruler of Kumejima was “stronger than an oni.” Another omoro song describes an oniwashi (‘devil eagle’), powerful enough to rule the world, as extending its wings over Sashiki, the base of the earlier first Shō dynasty in the south of the island of Okinawa. The symbolic capture of this ‘devil eagle’ is what made the foundation of the dynasty possible. We believe that this oni is a symbol for the power of the Wakō pirates.The songs of Omoro sōshi are contemporaneous with medieval songs of mainland Japan, but do not fit into any of the frameworks of Japanese literature. This paper illustrates that research on the omoro songs from a new perspective may give us hints about the cultural distance between Yamato (mainland Japan) and Okinawa after the founding of the Ryūkyū kingdom.