2 0 0 0 OA 専門家と専門知の発展から見た国制史の再構築--前近代の西洋と日本
- 著者
- 田口 正樹 佐々木 健 林 信夫 加納 修 大月 康弘 小川 浩三 松本 英実 鈴木 直志 新田 一郎 櫻井 英治 粟辻 悠 西川 洋一 佐藤 公美 小林 繁子 神寳 秀夫 佐藤 雄基 佐藤 彰一 石部 雅亮
- 出版者
- 北海道大学
- 雑誌
- 基盤研究(B)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2016-04-01
前近代の西洋と日本について、法律家を中心に、公証人、弁護人、軍人、商人など多様な専門家を取り上げて、専門家と専門知を存立・機能させる環境、専門家と専門知が権力構造において占める位置、専門家間の組織形成とネットワークの広がりといった側面を検討して、専門家と専門知の発展を国制史に組み込んだ。ドイツの研究グループとの学術交流により、専門家に関する文化史的視点を補強して、その意味でも従来の国制史の枠を広げた。
2 0 0 0 IR 家臣制の象徴儀礼についての覚え書き -フェストゥーカを手がかりとして-
- 著者
- 加納 修
- 出版者
- 名古屋大学文学部
- 雑誌
- 名古屋大学文学部研究論集. 史学 (ISSN:04694716)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.56, pp.41-57, 2010-03-31
- 著者
- 加納 修
- 出版者
- 公益財団法人史学会
- 雑誌
- 史學雜誌 (ISSN:00182478)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.110, no.3, pp.390-410, 2001-03-20
The fictitious suit (Scheinprozess), that is, court procedure through which a private legal action was confirmed, was held only at the royal tribunal during the period from the late seventh to the early eighth century. In examining this procedure, the author tries to shed light on the role of the royal tribunal in the late Merovingian period. The fictitious suit has been seen as an affirmation of property ownership, or as a means of conveyancing, but it was in reality a confirmation of warranty against eviction (Eviktionshaftung). Therefore it was based on a private legal action following Roman law. Roman private law was practiced until about the middle of the eighth century in the north of the Frankish kingdom called Neustria, but in this region disputes were settled predominantly by unwritten Frankish customs. Although the covenant of warranty against eviction was made on the occasion of conveyance, it had no effect as an objective rule. The use of the fictitious suit by the royal tribunal shows that kingship in the late Merovingian period was trying to cover deficiencies in objective norms. The fictitious suit of the Frankish period could thus be used only at the royal tribunal, and only when and where private legal action was practiced according to Roman law, but disputes were settled by Frankish customs, in Neustria in the late Merovingian period. It is generally acknowledged that the legal life in the Merovingian state is characterized by plurality of law. However, the research has not questioned what role the royal tribunal played in this context. The fictitious suit, which is only one part of the activities of the royal tribunal, shows that Merovingian kingship played an important role as public power, though partially and rudimentarily, whenever and wherever Roman law as the objective norm and Roman administration declined. It also suggests that the royal tribunal was able to cope with juristic situations which varied in different regions.
1 0 0 0 OA フランク時代の仮装訴訟とは何か : メロヴィング朝後期の国王法廷の役割に関する一考察
- 著者
- 加納 修
- 出版者
- The Historical Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.110, no.3, pp.390-410, 2001-03-20 (Released:2017-11-30)
The fictitious suit (Scheinprozess), that is, court procedure through which a private legal action was confirmed, was held only at the royal tribunal during the period from the late seventh to the early eighth century. In examining this procedure, the author tries to shed light on the role of the royal tribunal in the late Merovingian period. The fictitious suit has been seen as an affirmation of property ownership, or as a means of conveyancing, but it was in reality a confirmation of warranty against eviction (Eviktionshaftung). Therefore it was based on a private legal action following Roman law. Roman private law was practiced until about the middle of the eighth century in the north of the Frankish kingdom called Neustria, but in this region disputes were settled predominantly by unwritten Frankish customs. Although the covenant of warranty against eviction was made on the occasion of conveyance, it had no effect as an objective rule. The use of the fictitious suit by the royal tribunal shows that kingship in the late Merovingian period was trying to cover deficiencies in objective norms. The fictitious suit of the Frankish period could thus be used only at the royal tribunal, and only when and where private legal action was practiced according to Roman law, but disputes were settled by Frankish customs, in Neustria in the late Merovingian period. It is generally acknowledged that the legal life in the Merovingian state is characterized by plurality of law. However, the research has not questioned what role the royal tribunal played in this context. The fictitious suit, which is only one part of the activities of the royal tribunal, shows that Merovingian kingship played an important role as public power, though partially and rudimentarily, whenever and wherever Roman law as the objective norm and Roman administration declined. It also suggests that the royal tribunal was able to cope with juristic situations which varied in different regions.
- 著者
- 加納 修 KANO Osamu
- 出版者
- 名古屋大学人文学研究科
- 雑誌
- 名古屋大学人文学研究論集 (ISSN:2433233X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1, pp.193-211, 2018-03-31
The works of Gregory of Tours feature many slaves fulfilling various tasks. The society he describes was a slave-owning society. In sixth-century Gaul society that he describes, slave owning was common not only in the middle class but also at local village level. This paper focuses on the activities of these slaves and asks why some tasks were committed to slave labour. It is remarkable that Gregory of Tours mentions few slaves fulfilling agricultural labours. Instead, his works depict slaves in manufacturing roles. To work by one’s own hands was considered dishonourable for both the descendants of Roman aristocracy and for Germanic men of influence in sixth-century Gaul. Social custom sometimes forced tasks to be undertaken by slaves. One example is marriage by abduction, a continuation of Roman tradition wherein slaves would abduct a girl for marriage. Finally, it is interesting to note that slaves were also active in the execution of royal orders. Merovingian kings relied on slaves in their
1 0 0 0 メロヴィング朝の結婚命令書の消滅をめぐって
- 著者
- 加納 修
- 出版者
- 名古屋大学大学院文学研究科
- 雑誌
- HERSETEC = テクスト布置の解釈学的研究と教育 :journal of hermeneutic study and education of textual configuration : global COE program : SITE2 (ISSN:18828833)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.7, no.1, pp.1-24, 2013
1 0 0 0 OA ゲルマン部族国家の宮廷構造に関する比較史研究
1 0 0 0 フランク時代の支配者文書についての史料類型論的研究
平成19年度は、平成17年度より行ってきたフランク時代の国王文書の分類作業から得られたデータを検証するために、フランク時代、とりわけメロヴィング朝期(481年〜751年)の国王文書の伝来状況を詳しく検討した。前年度に滅失文書(現在まで伝わっていないが、作成されたことが他の史料から証明される文書)を調査し、分類した結果、売買や贈与を王が確認した文書が実際には数多く作成されたことを明らかにしていたが、いかなる種類の文書が伝来しやすいか、あるいは言及されやすいかを検討した結果、とりわけ私人が受け取った文書の伝来可能性が極めて低い事実を証明することができた。私法行為を確認する文書は、私人が受け取った文書の代表なのである。こうした文書の多さは、公権力としてのメロヴィング王権の性格をよく表している。より具体的な研究成果としては、この種の私法行為確認文書の一カテゴリーをなす「仮装訴訟」(国王裁判で私法行為を確認するための特殊な手続き)の記録を、文書の機能の面から再検討したフランス語論文を、フランスの古文書学雑誌であるBibliotheque de l'Ecole des chartesに投稿した。この論文は平成17年度に投稿し、その後大幅な修正を経て掲載が決定した。「仮装訴訟」を記録する国王文書が、実際には土地所有を証明する権利証書ではなく、土地の所有をめぐって裁判になった場合に当該の土地の売主を召喚するための文書であったことを証明することによって、メロヴィング朝の国王証書が単に権利を保障する「証書」の機能にとどまらず、きわめて多様な機能を有していたこと、そしてこうした文書の機能がローマ法やローマ帝国の行政制度に大きな影響を受けていたことを示した。なお平成19年5月に予定していたフランス語での研究報告は、椎間板ヘルニアの罹患のために、断念せざるを得なかった。