著者
池内 恵
出版者
一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会
雑誌
国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_115-175_129, 2014-03-30 (Released:2015-09-05)
参考文献数
44

Jihad is one of the most controversial concepts in the Islamic political thought. This paper shed light on two dominant trends in the theories of Jihad in Modern Islamic World. Modernist thinkers, on the one hand, were concerned with political consequences of waging Jihad against the Western Powers and devised a theory intended to avoid the implementation of Jihad doctrine in the modern international arena. This “avoidance theorists” conducted meticulous research on the history of early Islam and forcefully concluded each and every wars and conflicts fought by the prophet Muhammad and his disciples were acts of selfdefense. By doing so, modernist thinkers presented Islam as an entity reconcilable with international laws and norms. Fundamentalist thinkers, on the other hand, criticized the modernist thinkers and its “subservient” style. Fundamentalists are not opposed to the “defensive” nature of Islam but expanded the concept of “defense” beyond the ordinary bound and redefined it to encompass fighting to root out the un-Islamic political and social institutions and entities from the earth. Although political implications of the two trends are diametrically opposed to each other, theoretically they are mutually supporting, at least in part. Modernists have paved the way to supremacist notion of Jihad by definitively approving the historical acts of war by the early Muslim nation as totally defensive and righteous. Fundamentalists rode on this theory and expanded the realm of the “defense” to such an extent that even most of the offensive warfare can be legitimized as “defense” in the context of eternal struggle for the sake of the cause of spreading Islam.
著者
池内 恵
出版者
日本政治学会
雑誌
年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.1, pp.1_189-1_214, 2013 (Released:2016-07-01)

Ummah, religio-political community, has been imagined and reimagined throughout Islamic history. In this paper, recent development of the notion of Ummah in the Arab-Islamic political thought is analyzed. A voluminous work Call for the Global Islamic Resistance written by Abu Mus‘ab al-Suri, a theorist in the Jihadist circle, is cosidered as an important endeavor to reconstitute Ummah as a self-organizing entity. Al-Suri’s organizational theory conceptualizes de-centralized reconstruction of Global Jihad movement. In his view, Global Jihad is composed of voluntary and autonomous activities of small “Individual Jihad.” In dispersing Global Jihad into every corner of society, al-Suri’s theory envisions a worldwide Ummah incessantly constituted as the result of every Muslim's local act of each and individual resistance. Al-Suri’s optimistic view of the present state of Ummah, and particularly of its youths, as spontaneously rising to the call of Global Jihad poses a fundamental turn in the context of Jihadists’ trail of rejection of “Jahiliyya” and alienation from wider Muslim public.
著者
池内 恵 御厨 貴 牧原 出 宮城 大蔵 鈴木 均 小宮 京
出版者
東京大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2014-04-01

中東における政治・経済・外交の非公式の人的ネットワークを現地の文献・文書資料の発掘と解読を通じて明らかにし、中東への日本の関与に関する官庁・企業の文書資料を発掘し、当事者へのオーラル・ヒストリー記録の採取を行なった。成果は「日本経済外交史プロジェクト・オーラル資料編: イラン革命と日系企業 第一冊 IJPC関係(2)」「日本経済外交史プロジェクト・オーラル資料編: イラン革命と日系企業 第一冊 IJPC関係(3): 永嶋達雄氏(元三井物産)」ケイワン・アブドリ編訳・解説(鈴木均監修)『抄訳 ハサン・ロウハーニー回顧録』、池内恵編『IJPC研究の現状と課題 資料の所在と公開状況』にまとめた。
著者
池内 恵
出版者
JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
雑誌
国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_115-175_129, 2014

Jihad is one of the most controversial concepts in the Islamic political thought. This paper shed light on two dominant trends in the theories of Jihad in Modern Islamic World. Modernist thinkers, on the one hand, were concerned with political consequences of waging Jihad against the Western Powers and devised a theory intended to avoid the implementation of Jihad doctrine in the modern international arena. This "avoidance theorists" conducted meticulous research on the history of early Islam and forcefully concluded each and every wars and conflicts fought by the prophet Muhammad and his disciples were acts of selfdefense. By doing so, modernist thinkers presented Islam as an entity reconcilable with international laws and norms. Fundamentalist thinkers, on the other hand, criticized the modernist thinkers and its "subservient" style. Fundamentalists are not opposed to the "defensive" nature of Islam but expanded the concept of "defense" beyond the ordinary bound and redefined it to encompass fighting to root out the un-Islamic political and social institutions and entities from the earth. Although political implications of the two trends are diametrically opposed to each other, theoretically they are mutually supporting, at least in part. Modernists have paved the way to supremacist notion of Jihad by definitively approving the historical acts of war by the early Muslim nation as totally defensive and righteous. Fundamentalists rode on this theory and expanded the realm of the "defense" to such an extent that even most of the offensive warfare can be legitimized as "defense" in the context of eternal struggle for the sake of the cause of spreading Islam.
著者
池内 恵
出版者
国際日本文化研究センター
雑誌
Cairo Conference on Japanese Studies
巻号頁・発行日
pp.173-181, 2007-12-20

Cairo Conference on Japanese Studies, カイロ大学, 2006年11月5日-6日
著者
池内 恵
出版者
一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会
雑誌
国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_115-175_129, 2014

Jihad is one of the most controversial concepts in the Islamic political thought. This paper shed light on two dominant trends in the theories of Jihad in Modern Islamic World. Modernist thinkers, on the one hand, were concerned with political consequences of waging Jihad against the Western Powers and devised a theory intended to avoid the implementation of Jihad doctrine in the modern international arena. This "avoidance theorists" conducted meticulous research on the history of early Islam and forcefully concluded each and every wars and conflicts fought by the prophet Muhammad and his disciples were acts of selfdefense. By doing so, modernist thinkers presented Islam as an entity reconcilable with international laws and norms. Fundamentalist thinkers, on the other hand, criticized the modernist thinkers and its "subservient" style. Fundamentalists are not opposed to the "defensive" nature of Islam but expanded the concept of "defense" beyond the ordinary bound and redefined it to encompass fighting to root out the un-Islamic political and social institutions and entities from the earth. Although political implications of the two trends are diametrically opposed to each other, theoretically they are mutually supporting, at least in part. Modernists have paved the way to supremacist notion of Jihad by definitively approving the historical acts of war by the early Muslim nation as totally defensive and righteous. Fundamentalists rode on this theory and expanded the realm of the "defense" to such an extent that even most of the offensive warfare can be legitimized as "defense" in the context of eternal struggle for the sake of the cause of spreading Islam.
著者
池内 恵
出版者
独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所
雑誌
中東レビュー (ISSN:21884595)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.92-126, 2014 (Released:2019-12-21)

Diverging outcomes are unfolding in the post-Arab Uprising countries’ transitional processes. In January 2014, Tunisia successfully adopted a new constitution based on a consensus of the opposing political parties and factions. In contrast, Egypt abolished one constitution and hastily instituted another in a time span of slightly more than a year. Yemen has announced the final document of the National Dialogue Conference in the same month. Libyans finally voted for the long awaited and disputed elections of the Constitutional Drafting Committee in February 2014.The paper picks up three factors which seem to be influential in determining the modality of transitional political process in the four Post-Arab spring countries. The first is the initial conditions of the transitional politics.. Differences in the way the previous regimes collapsed are analyzed to illuminate the continuity and break of the ruling institutions and state apparatus. The second factor is the type of the interim government. In line with Shain and Linz typology, provisional, power-sharing, caretaker, and international interim government models are applied to clarify the types of interim governments in each four countries’ different phases in transitional politics. The third is the “rules of the game,” particularly those pertaining to the constitutional process. Who set what kind of rules and how are to be considered in each of four countries and possible influences of each set of the rules of the game to the diverging results of the transitional politics are considered.
著者
宮本 悟 池内 恵 岩田 拓夫 佐野 康子 横田 貴之
出版者
聖学院大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

本研究の目的は、国連安保理決議によって禁止されても継続しているアフリカ諸国に対する北朝鮮の武器貿易や軍事支援を調査することにある。本研究では、亡命者や韓国の情報機関の過去の記録、現地のメディアの報道などで北朝鮮と関係があるアフリカ諸国を特定し、さらにアフリカ現地で資料収集やインタビューを実施した。その結果、複数のアフリカ諸国で北朝鮮との軍事協力が発見された。調査結果は国連安保理制裁委員会への報告のみならず、書籍や論文、雑誌記事、さらにテレビやラジオ報道などで発表した。本研究は、北朝鮮とアフリカ諸国の軍事協力が拡大していることを日本のみならず、国際的に広めることにも大きく寄与したといえる。
著者
池内 恵
出版者
国際日本文化研究センター
雑誌
日本研究 (ISSN:09150900)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.109-120, 2007-09-28

日本におけるイスラーム思想の研究において、井筒俊彦の諸著作が与えた影響は他を圧している。日本の知識階層のイスラーム世界理解は、ほとんど井筒俊彦の著作のみを通じて行われてきたと言ってしまっても誇張ではないかもしれない。井筒の著作の特徴は、日本の知識人のイスラーム理解の特徴と等しいともいえる。この論文ではまず、井筒の著作において関心がもっぱらイスラーム神秘主義(スーフィズム)とイスラーム哲学にあり、イスラーム法学についてはほとんど言及されないことを指摘する。その上で、井筒がイスラーム思想史の神秘的な側面に特に重点をおいたことは、井筒が禅の素養を持つ父から受けた神秘的修道を基調とする教育に由来すると論じる。また、井筒の精神形成をめぐる自伝的な情報を井筒の初期の著作に散在する記述から読み取り、井筒の神秘家としての生育環境が、イスラーム思想史をめぐる著作に強く影響を及ぼしていることを示す。
著者
池内 恵
出版者
国際日本文化研究センター
雑誌
Cairo Conference on Japanese Studies
巻号頁・発行日
pp.173-181, 2007-12-20

Cairo Conference on Japanese Studies, カイロ大学, 2006年11月5日-6日