著者
鈴木 宏哉 西嶋 尚彦 鈴木 和弘
出版者
日本発育発達学会
雑誌
発育発達研究 (ISSN:13408682)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2010, no.46, pp.46_27-46_36, 2010 (Released:2011-02-20)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
2 1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a change in life habits on a change in physical fitness in Japanese children using 3-year longitudinal data. The participants were 456 Japanese children aged 6-9 (230 boys, and 226 girls). Data were collected on 3 occasions over a one year period. Survey items included life habits (exercise habits, eating habit, sleeping habit, and TV/video game viewing habit), physical fitness (Japan Fitness Test : Grip Strength, Sit-ups, Sit & Reach, Side Steps, 20 m Shuttle Running, 50 m Dash, Standing Long Jump, and Handball Throwing). Physical fitness in participants was graded into five categories (A-E) according to norm-referenced criteria. Participants of lower two categories (D and E) of physical fitness level was defined as a lower level group. A latent growth modeling was used to examine the influence of the change in a life habit score to a change in a physical fitness score. With the physical fitness change factor, there were statistically significant and positive direct effects from the change in eating habits (slope) only in the lower level group. There were also significant effects from the initial levels of the eating habits, the exercise habits in the all data, and all life habits except for TV/video game viewing habit in the lower level group. These findings, with limited samples and a statistical method, might suggest that an improvement of eating habits has an effect on improvement of physical fitness in a lower level group of physical fitness, and initial levels of life habits also affects improvement of physical fitness.
著者
小野 真弘 徐 広孝 大山 卞 圭悟 西嶋 尚彦
出版者
日本体育測定評価学会
雑誌
体育測定評価研究 (ISSN:13471309)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, pp.1-10, 2015-03-31 (Released:2016-04-14)
参考文献数
23

The purpose of this study was to create an achievement evaluation standard for men’s discus throwing. Subjects were 96 male discus thrower. The six trials of the discus throwing movement were recorded by camera, and the best record was used for analysis. Delphi method with 8 experts was implemented for characteristic causal analysis. Item characteristic and test characteristic were analyzed by IRT of 2PLM. Binary data (success=1, failure=0) was collected following the achievement decision criterion. The discus throwing was classified in the main of 4 motor phase (preparation, first turn, second turn, release).The discus throwing movement was configured 11 sub-movements and 34 items. A difficulty gap between the first turn and the release turn was large, there was a lot of items than other phases. Therefore, it is guessed that the first turn phase and the release phase are main phase and important for discus throwing. Unidimensionality, fitness to 2PLM and invariance of parameters were confirmed. The test reliability coefficient displayed a maximum value of 0.97 at an ability of -0.1. Ability range with the reliability coefficient of over 0.8 was between -0.2 to 2.0. It is means that the achievement evaluation standard of the discus throwing movement skill was high test precision. The correlation of the ability and the throwing record was 0.93 (p <0.05). The validity of this achievement evaluation standard was confirmed.
著者
西嶋 尚彦
巻号頁・発行日
2012

科学研究費助成事業(科学研究費補助金)研究成果報告書:挑戦的萌芽研究2010-2011
著者
西嶋 尚彦 長谷川 聖修 尾縣 貢 國土 将平
出版者
筑波大学
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2004

本研究は「子どもの体力低下要因について発育発達および社会生活的側面から体系的,総合的に調査研究し,体カ低下の要因」を究明することを目的とした先行研究プロジェクトを発展的に継承し,子どもの体力向上プログラムの実践的検証と,そのための運動,遊び,生活習慣改善に関する科学的根拠を総合的に解明するものであった.以下の4つのサブプロジェクトを実施した.課題a)走・跳・投などのスポーツに基礎的運動の成就と習熟を決定する主要動作実験協力校を依頼し,関連する単元で疾走向上プログラムを実践し,単元の前後に運動動作の成就と体力を測定した.構造方程式モデリングを適用して,小学生の疾走運動の成就と習熟を決定する主要動作と技能を分析した.課題b)健康のための体力つくり運動の運動特性と体力向上効果実験協力校を依頼し,体力つくりに関連する単元で体力向上プログラムを実践し,新体力テストを用いて体力測定を実施した.小学校と中学校での体力向上プログラムの効果を実践的に検証した.課題c)体力向上に有益な運動遊びの体力・運動特性基本運動の熟練者である体育専攻学生と未熟練者の一般学生男女を対象として,基本的運動遊びである蹴球の体力・動作・運動・戦術特性を検討するために,項目反応理論分析を適用して.蹴球動作・運動・戦術の成就と習熟のための達成度評価基準を分析した.課題d)体力向上のための主体的な生活習慣改善を決定する要因実験協力校を依頼し,体力つくりに関連する単元で体力向上プログラムを実践し,健康習慣,運動習慣,生活時間など健康生活に関する調査と体力測定を実施した.小学生と中学生の体力向上のための主体的な運動生活習慣の改善を決定する要因を分析した.
著者
西嶋 尚彦 鈴木 宏哉 大塚 慶輔 田中 秀典 中野 貴博 高橋 信二 田渕 裕崇 山田 庸 加賀谷 淳子 福永 哲夫 久野 譜也 松田 光生
出版者
日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, pp.213-224, 2003-08-01
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
3 2

The purpose of this study was to confirm the causal structure model of muscle, motor and living functions utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). As subjects, 103 community-dwelling older men and women, aged 65.7±6.9 years of age, participated in the study to measure muscle cross-sectional area, maximum voluntary contractions, muscle power, 4 physical performance tests, and 16 questionnaires regarding ability of activities of daily living. The causal structure model of muscle, motor and living functions was hypothesized to be a hierarchical causal structure. The causal structure model of muscle function was hypothesized to be a hierarchical causal structure consisting of 3 sub-domains of muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle power. Data analysis procedures were as follows : a) testing of construct validity of muscle function variables using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in SEM ; b) testing of causal structure using SEM ; c) testing of factor invariance using multi-group analysis for gender. The highest goodness of fit indices was obtained in the causal structure model of muscle, motor and living functions (NFI=.928, CFI=.978, RMSEA =.061). The causal coefficient of muscle function to motor function was. 98 (p<.05), followed by .34 for motor function to living function. From the results of multi-group analysis, the measurement invariance model indicated the highest goodness of fit indices (TLI=.968, CFI=.977). It was concluded that the hierarchical causal relation was among muscle, motor and living functions, and in which muscle function was consisted of 3 sub-domains.