著者

太幡 英亮 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.620, pp.89-94, 2007-10-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 5

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Physical and psychological properties of collective form of architecture in Harajyuku were analyzed on following 2 aspects. 1) Form and Elements....Model of the collective form was classified into "street" type and "area" type. And distribution of physical elements in the collective form was classified into "scattering" type and "closeness" type. 2) Evaluation....By using SD method with 24 couples of adjectives and correlation analysis, 3 evaluation axes are translated as meanings of "unity", "urbanity" and "amenity". And, identity of each collective form was analyzed by the evaluation of "similarity" in aggregation.

著者

浅野 純一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.580, pp.133-140, 2004

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper considered the enforcement process of original urban plan formed before World War 2 and the continuity to urban planning afterwards from a case study of Nagano Toshikeikaku Planning from 1930 to 1969. Original plan by Hiroyoshi Yamada had been followed generally from 1930 to 1945 but had been added the planning alteration with the defeat of the war and 2 times consolidations of municipalities as turning points. The factors of planning alterations are industrial advance, magnification of administrative area by consolidations, motorization and developments disorderly into planned areas. The continuity of original plan can be recognized the continuation of the concept of sightseeing city, streets-system plan of ring roads and land use zoning.

著者

横尾 真 山名 善之 岩岡 竜夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.712, pp.1463-1471, 2015 (Released:2015-07-11)

参考文献数

15

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This study aims to clarify architects' thoughts of “AÉRO-CLUB ROLAND-GARROS À BUC”, which is the relationship between features and building components. It is about the features such as floor planning, concept of space, structure type, facility planning and also about the building components such as the assembly system as well as the list of all parts. The composition of this study includes the analysis of the features of this building and the analysis of the technological aspect of the building components. Finally, we discuss what kind of relationship the two has.

著者

横尾 真 山名 善之 岩岡 竜夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.739, pp.2421-2429, 2017 (Released:2017-09-30)

参考文献数

11

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“Maison démontable en ancier B. L. P. S.” was designed by French architects Eugene Beaudouin, Marcel Lods, Jean Prouvé, and Forges de Strasbourg as a constructor in 1936. An external form is 3.3m×3.3m, this small house is used for 2 persons. It consists a living room with 2 beds and a dining table, a kitchen space, a toilet and shower space and also could assemble and be demountable at anywhere. The begginig of this small house was made a prototype at Ateliers Jean Prouvé that was presented at the sixth exposition de l'habitation in the salon des arts ménagers in January 1939. All parts not only the entire house but also furniture were made of the thin steel sheets, there was not the foundation by Reinforced concrete. When Lods demonstrated at the exposition, in fact he could assemble for 2.5 hours and be demountable for 45 minutes. In the same year, someone stolen this small house before begining World War II, and it can never be seen anywhere. As a background and purpose of this study, it aims to clarify architects' thoughts of “Maison démontable en ancier B. L. P. S. “, which focuses on the relationship between features and building components. It is about the features such as floor planning, concept of space, structure type, facility planning, and also about the building components such as the assembly system as well as the list of all parts. Finally, we discuss what kind of relationship the two has. The previously-mentioned 3 French architects collaborated mainly in 3 projects, this small house is one of them, and its second project. Prouvé has explained through an interview in the book that was written by Peter Sulzer in 2000, it is “B. L. P. S. entirely made at my place… an enormous number of innovations… like the system of assembling the panels...”. Besides Franz Graf has explained that this small house, it's design, has been a great help in designing the façade of the Medische Faculteit in Rotterdam (today: Erasmus MC) by Prouvé, built in 1968. This means that Prouvé used the similar details in different project 30 years past, it could also say to find an importance innovation in this small house. As a result, we found that important design through to clarify features and building components of “Maison démontable en ancier B. L. P. S.”. It is consisted by 5 building components which are the roof panel, the floor panel, the wall panel, the facility unit, the funiture unit, and they are a set for 2 components. Each of them has a meanings, such as it plays a role as Instruction how to assemble or where sets a position for the next assembled parts. Detail of the joints which connects between building components, has same detail, it can say that a set of building components are able to use turning upside down and is possible to make entire building what it is designed 2 building components by same one without the floor panels and the facility unit.

著者

服部 佐智子 篠野 志郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.653, pp.1735-1743, 2010-07-30 (Released:2010-09-03)

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In succession to the previous article, this paper aims to clarify the transformation of the lifestyle for Shogun-family in Ohoku Goten-muki at utilizing its space, by taking notice regarding the planning idea of the toilet during Kyoho-Manen eras. As a result, after Koka era, the toilets for Shogun and Shogun-family gradually became installed on a meeting space or living space as well as increasing of its total number. These phenomena of the transformation are presumed to indicate that the “family” space where Shogun lived with his family became extended to a considerable extent within the quarters from Kyoho- to Koka-era.

著者

内田 祥士

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.716, pp.2315-2325, 2015 (Released:2015-11-11)

参考文献数

19

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The purpose of this paper is to reveal the following three points about Japnese wooden modernism.Primarily, the wooden structure frames similar to St. Paul's Catholic church in Karuizawa and, home and office of Antonin Raymond in Kougai-cho had already existed in early days of Syowa period in Japan. Secondly, these styles had been called in domestic technical terms in the same days. This means these frames were general-purpose technology in the days. To third, this paper will reveal one of the reasons these wooden buildings which Antonin Raymond designed arecategorized to Wooden modernism architecrure.

著者

張 〓文 中川 景子 岩山 滋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.471, pp.93-98, 1995-05-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 2

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The present paper investigates the relation between the stylistic nature of architecture and environment in the Japanese poems "MANYOSHU" written during Japan's Manyo Dynasty 478-759. After analyzing the type of wording and the context of poem, we propose that the feeling of architectural space in Japan's Manyo Dynasty is closely connected through physical elements and symbol of environments. On one hand, in more privacy sense, the poems describes the beauty of "KACHOUFUGETSU" by using "inn" "hermit's cell" for architecture and "autumn" "wind" "night" for environment. On the other hand, in more non-privacy sense, "house" "door" "shrine" for architecture and "sky" "sun" for environment are used when the poems praise an emperer.

著者

勝木 祐仁 篠野 志郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.538, pp.211-218, 2000

参考文献数

27

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The aim of this study is to clarify the designing principle of hotels during Taisho and early Showa period through examining the architectural handbooks and documents written by hotel managers or architects of the period. The profitability was found to be the most important factor for hotel managers in designing a hotel throughout the period. Although documents by architects and architectural handbooks before around 1930 ignored profitability aspect, guidelines which appeared in documents of the sort after the period directed architects to consider profitability. It shows that function and form became subordinate factor to profitability in designing hotels during the period.

著者

北川 啓介 西尾 純一 高橋 英明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.627, pp.987-994, 2008-05-30 (Released:2009-02-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

---

This research focuses on the feeling of depth which is provided by two-dimensional images, not by real three-dimensional space. In late years the media which projects three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional image are increasing, for example photographs, movies, computer graphic perspective images, virtual reality systems and so on. From these two-dimensional images, human beings understand the three-dimensional space which caused the images. In doing so, Pictorial Cue has big influence on understanding the depth of the space. It points judgment materials of depth which is provided by a picture, for example size of an object. And, depending on the cue, overestimate or underestimate of depth of the space that was expressed on two-dimensional images can happen. In this research, we make a perceptual experiment with two-dimensional images which present primitive pictorial cue, and analyze the relationship.

著者

角 哲 中江 研 中野 茂夫 小山 雄資 平井 直樹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1673-1681, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper examines land selection process for new factory and development of worker's settlement by Nippon Steel Co.Ltd. in the 1930's from 3 scales, region, city and settlements. It was first time for Nippon Steel to construction of factory at a place near big cities. That location was a general tendency of at that time. Japanese government and Hyogo Prefecture restricted development by Nippon Steel aiming at realization of ideal city planning. The plan of urban development of Hyogo prefecture and Nippon Steel were differed greatly. Nippon Steel acquired the company residence sites as a factory, and constructed company houses.

著者

飛ヶ谷 潤一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.588, pp.211-216, 2005

参考文献数

9

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Firmitas (strength), one of the famous Vitruvian triad, can be imagined as a magnificent building structure, such as the dome of the Pantheon, which is based on the high technologies of the Roman Architecture. It is, however, important to note that the word firmitas is mostly found in his Book II, where architectural materials are explained. This paper intends to examine Vitruvian firmitas from the viewpoint of material "strength" or "durability", and to trace its changes in encyclopedic works of Antiquity and the early Middle Ages, such as Plinius' Natural History and Isidore's Etymology. Isidore substituted constructio for the Vitruvian firmitas, but the word merely meant "consrtuction."

著者

白 林 藤原 篤 川崎 清

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.462, pp.215-224, 1994-08-30 (Released:2017-09-20)

参考文献数

9

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Issues of the journal Shinkenchiku published between 1966 and 1992 and showing seventy-nine buildings in Kyoto were used to test the level of awareness towards architecture. The SD test was administered using a questionnaire and slides. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the factors determining the perception of the buildings and what caused some factors to become more important. The results show that the factors found relevant to most subjects were, the materials, the period of construction, the architect, and the exterior covering. The nature of the building has a relationship between these factors.

著者

小菅 瑠香 長澤 泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.565, pp.151-158, 2003

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2

---

This study is a critical anthology of planning methods in determining the relative proportions of different departments / units within hospitals and the size of the hospital itself. It also compares the existing planning method theories and thc planning principles undertaken in practical projects. This is a quantitative research on the basis of dimensional parameters of elements that comprise the hospital. The result of the factor analysis divided the parametrical elements into two broad groups; (A) Capacity (is the numerical expression of number of units likes beds) (B) Rotation (is the measure of use frequency of facilities in a hospital). Especially, the research shows the importance of 'rotation' in the planning process.

著者

モハンマド ウマール アジジ 安藤 徹哉

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1592-1600, 2021

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<p>This paper aims to study the characteristics of houses with covered walkway structures locally called <i>Dalan</i> in the Asheqan wa Arefan quarter of Kabul Old City, Afghanistan. It examines their locations, distribution, access, the number of stories, plan types, space usages, and analysis of reasons for their construction and destruction. The house locations and their accessibility networks are indicated based on a satellite image followed by detailed field surveys conducted between 2018 and 2019. Conclusions are drawn for the conservation of <i>Dalans</i> as part of cultural heritage in the historical landscape.</p>

著者

大野 隆造 松田 好晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.519, pp.93-99, 1999-05-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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Public behavior is affected by perceotion of other peoples' personal space. This study investigated the influence on this perception of the other person's varied positional relationship with wall and column subspace establishing elements. Full-size experiments demonstrated that there is a perceived occupied space around a person, depending on the position of that person in relationship to a wall or column, and that the boundary of this space is rarely crossed. A second experiment with a scale model of the same previous spatial arrangements was conducted, as a means of discovering the extent of these perceived personal spaces, by the subjects' use of such words as "aside", "between", and "inside". Thus the areas expressed by these words were used to predict the boundary of space that the subjects rarely go into, i.e., the perceived occupied area.

著者

加藤 公花 後藤 春彦 山近 資成 吉江 俊

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.779, pp.125-135, 2021

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<p> As the number of foreign residents move to Japan increases, so does the number of their descendants, the next generation of foreign residents. It has been pointed out in the field of psychology and sociology that many of them form an ego derived from multiple places, such as the culture of their home country, the culture of their place of residence, and the culture of the area where they have moved so far, and they have difficulties in living in terms of their behavior and their relationship with the community where they belong.</p><p> In particular, it is estimated approximately 170,000 Muslims currently live in Japan, and they are likely to face daily difficulties in urban life due to the significant difference in code of behavior between the host and Islamic societies. For those with anxiety and difficulties, support has already begun, including learning support and psychological care, to help them adapt to the host society. On the other hand, space improvement suitable for them with different life style is not yet sufficient.</p><p> Clarifying the code of conduct for Muslims who live in Japan and have difficulties with their cultural identity and the characteristics of the space required is important for planning multicultural receptive urban environments.</p><p> Based on this background, the paper clarified following two points;</p><p> </p><p> <b>1) Community created by second-generation Muslims</b></p><p> Oral history research has shown that second Muslims strengthen their ties by sharing the unique identities arise from living in both host and Islamic societies. It was also found that all the subjects of the survey had some problems due to differences in the code of conduct, and among them, the lack of places to worship was a problem for many second-generation Muslims. In some cases, it was found that they chose the instant space for worship by searching it in the town or on the street other than the mosque or home.</p><p> <b>2) Spatial elements and their values of "Prayer Space on the Street"</b></p><p> A study of the street environment suitable for this "street prayer space" revealed that it is easier to find an environment suitable for worship in an area where both quiet and noisy environments exist than in an area where the whole is quiet.Analysis of the downtown prayer space revealed 11 environmental factors. In addition to understanding the necessary factors regardless of the surrounding environment, it was also found that in areas where there are many car streets, it is necessary to stay away from busy roadways in order to concentrate on worship.</p><p> As globalization advances, cross-border cultural diversity is an urgent issue in urban planning. On the other hand, developing an urban environment specialized for them is a way to isolate them and exclude them from the host society. As we have seen in this study, there are many spaces with minimum elements for worship, such as a corner of a parking lot or a backyard of a store where few people pass by, and it is easier to make them available temporarily for worship than to establish a new place of worship. It is important to create an environment in which the existing space can be interpreted and used in various ways by recognizing the meaning and spatial value of the space from the viewpoint of different folklore and culture.</p>

著者

野村 正晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.728, pp.2297-2307, 2016 (Released:2016-10-30)

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In this paper, I outline the birth and development of department store architecture in modern Japan and the interrelation of profitability and architectural plans by examining the case of the Mitsukoshi flagship store at Nihonbashi. This paper covers the following five periods of development: (1) 1914: Completion of the Main Building's Construction Efforts were taken to construct spaces such as entryways and stairwells to instill a sense of splendor and novelty in visitors. Expressing the establishment of the business style of the department store was regarded as the primary matter of importance, and little thought was given to profitability. A dry-goods business model was still followed, and suitable architectural plans were made for this model. (2) 1921: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work An intentional expansion of the sales area was undertaken in response to perceived demand. An awareness of profitability began to be reflected in architectural plans. Specialization of clerical work was also observed. The service model of the dry-goods model was still being followed, but now a rationalization of the store's management system led to a change in the service model, and this change was also reflected in the architectural plans. (3) 1927: Completion of Restoration Work for the Whole Building There was a small increase in the percentage of pure sales space. This was the result of the consideration of other methods of profit maximization besides increased sales space, such as attracting customers through enhancing guest facilities and an increase in customer turnover rate through changes in line flow, floor organization, and clearance practices, which was accompanied by the discontinuation of footwear due to a decrease in demand following the Great Kanto Earthquake. The changes reflected the popularization and expansion of department stores and, ironically, suggested that the earthquake provided an opportunity to plan a full-scale shedding of the dry-goods model. (4) 1935: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work Pure sales area proportion was decreased for the restoration of stairwells and to enhance customer facilities. This proactive reevaluation of construction plans for stairwells, introduction of a large-scale event hall, and use of basement selling space had not been present in the previous phase. These actions were attempts to attract customers, which in turn reflected the popularization of department stores. (5) 1956: Completion of Restructuring and Expansion Work This period saw no significant alteration in the architectural plans for the floor area, but there were fine adjustments and enhancements such as the extension of the façade along Nihon-odori by filling out the block, refinement of characterization through orientation, adjustment of line flow, increase of sales space, and refinement of vertical organization considering customer access. The discontinuation of footwear after the earthquake, the minimization and subsequent restoration of the splendid staircases, and the expansion of utilized space were all direct and significant sources of the changes in architectural plans. However, one can infer from a comparison of floor plans and the distribution of floor space that each architectural plan or act of restructuring and expansion was also designed to actualize changes in sales methods that coincided with changes in floor organization and in the store's customer base. The raison d'être for the department store's architecture and the managers' greatest demand to designers was to improve sales. Because of this, each architectural plan was an optimized solution not just to realize the maximization of the profitable area but also to achieve an increase in customers through the consideration of changes in the customer base.

著者

べルデホ J.R.ヒメネス 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.668, pp.1867-1874, 2011-10-30 (Released:2012-01-25)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

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Authors have been conducting the field research on the former Spanish colonial cities under the title ‘Origin, Transformation, Alteration and Conservation of Urban Space of Colonial Cities since 1999. In the Spanish colonial period, cities were planted and established in Philippines. This paper focuses on Cebu city which is the first city established by Spain in Asia. As cartographic database, images and maps from AGI(Archivo de Indias de Sevilla), other archives and libraries in the Philippines are used for analysis. Through the analysis of the colonial maps, authors discuss the Spanish Colonial urban process in the Philippines Island. This paper clarified formation and transformation process of Cebu City and present formation of urban core of the city based on the field survey on the distribution of facilities, building types, and so on, finally discuss the characteristics of early formation and urban planning comparing other Spanish colonial cities like Manila, Vigan and those of Ibere-America.

著者

松本 泰生 戸沼 幸市

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.577, pp.119-126, 2004-03-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2 2

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This study tries to clear the changes of slope area landscape in the central part of Tokyo during Edo era to present. The slope area which hadn't been used became a residential section gradually caused by the increase in the population. Then, the space which was a boundary was lost between the heights and the low land And, three factors influence space formation in the slope area. They are the original geographical features, the particulars of the land use, the conditions of the land possession. Much is a slope at present though many stairways existed on the road in the Edo Period. And the stairways which have landscape based on the natural geographical features are being lost in the central Tokyo by the large-scale re-development.

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.782, pp.1272-1283, 2021

被引用文献数

1

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<p>I reanalyzed the photographs and captions in a 1960 photo collection titled "Katsura" in light of the spatial theory that Kenzo Tange set forth in his correspondence with Herbert Bayer. I also identified seven points of contention in the correspondence between Walter Gropius and Tsutomu Ikuta, and analyzed Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa in view of its contemporaneity and anachronisms. This research yielded five new findings.</p><p>First, during a visit to Japan, which formed part of a cultural exchange program organized by the Rockefeller Foundation, Gropius emphasized the commonality between traditional Japanese architecture and modernist architecture. The purpose of the program was to encourage Japan to align with the US against the Soviet bloc. Accordingly, Gropius was sent to Japan because of his dislike of Soviet realism. The program succeeded in enlightening Japanese intellectuals through modernist architecture.</p><p>Second, Walter Gropius criticized divine architecture, noting that the ancient city of Rome had been dedicated to the emperor. He argued that modernist architecture should embrace democratic values and adopt a human scale. On the other hand, Gropius also argued, as Japanese fascists had done before the end of the war, that architecture should form a cultural unity. Gropius believed that Japanese architecture, as exemplified in the Katsura Imperial Villa, embodied a human scale.</p><p>Third, Tsutomu Ikuta fiercely debated with Gropius over traditional Japanese architecture. I identified seven points of contention in their correspondence. Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa did not deviate significantly from the ideas of either Ikuta or Gropius. Tange, while seeking to differentiate his ideas from those of Ikuta and Gropius, picked out their good points and blended them into his own theory. For example, Tange emulated Gropius in downplaying the influence of Chinese architecture on Japanese architecture and in underscoring the role of Zen. However, whereas Gropius focused on the simplicity of Zen, Tange emphasized how Zen monks had introduced the other gardens associated with Zen.</p><p>The fourth finding concerns my re-analysis of the captions for the "Katsura" photo collection, in which Tange described his spatial theory found in his letters to Bayer. Postulating a Jomon–Yayoi dialect, Tange used the concepts of "pattern," "space," and "space-time." Most notably, Tange found creative freedom in the Katsura Imperial Villa by focusing on the tension arising from conflict between the reception room "space" and stepping stone "space." Additionally, I clarified that Tange criticized the overall design of the villa ("space-time"), including its mukuri (convex) roof, claiming that it is no more than scenery.</p>