著者

吉野 博 長友 宗重 石川 善美 松本 真一 内海 修明 長谷川 兼一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.471, pp.19-28, 1995-05-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

8 8

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A Super-insulated house was constructed near Sendai City in accordance with the Canadian R-2000 manyual. Shelter performance, thermal environment, air quality and energy consumption of this house were investigated for two and a half years. This super-insulated house was very airtight compared with the other houses. The two-and-a-half-year measurement of room temperature and humidity showed that the daily mean temperature for the dining-living room and the master bedroom were 16℃〜20℃ during the winter and 22℃〜32℃ during the summer. Humidity ratio for these rooms was less than 5g/kg during the winter. The indoor environment of this super-insulated house during the heating season was more thermally comfortable, compared with that of ordinary houses in Japan. During the summer, the indoor temperature in this house was stable during the day and did not decrease at night time even if the outdoor air temperature dropped. The CO_2 concentration in this house was lower than that of the other airtight houses due to continuous mechanical ventilation. The space hiating energy consumption for this suoer-insulated house was less than that of ordinary houses in Tohoku District in which only the living-dining room was heated.

著者

楠川 充敏 鈴木 賢一 中井 孝幸

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.776, pp.2107-2117, 2020 (Released:2020-10-30)

参考文献数

9

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1. Objectives In Japanese universities, the realization of a new type of group learning environment, based on the use of analogic and digital media, has been promoted: Learning Commons (hereinafter, "LC"). Recently, examples of LC built separately from university library have increased. In the previous report, we conducted surveys in libraries where the reading area and the LCs are integrated, aiming to clarify the seat choice behavior of individual and group users. However, it was still to define if all the users actually choose only one of those two types, or if some of them rather choose both types. For this reason, we tried to clarify the differentiated use behavior of reading areaff and LCs, aiming to acquire a useful knowledge for future learning space planning. 2. Research method We conducted a questionnaire survey and a behavior observation survey regarding the use status (addressed to users), and a questionnaire survey regarding the facility conditions (addressed to library staff). The surveys were conducted in four Japanese universities: Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Ritsumeikan University, Chubu University, and Kyoto Sangyo University, which have different LC installation types. All of those institutions have more than 6,000 students and multiple departments. The different LC installation types have been identified as “integrated open type” (Sugiyama Jogakuen Univ.), “integrated separate type” (Ritsumeikan Univ.), “distributed combined type” (Chubu Univ.), “distributed independent type” (Kyoto Sangyo Univ.). 3. Results We noted that, as for the actual conditions, LC facilities have been built outside the library building in those universities where the number of students is larger. Our hypothesis was that most of the single users tend to chose reading areas, and that most of the group users tend to chose LC; however, the results showed that around the 50% of the plural places users tend to choose both facilities, regardless of single or group use. The analysis of this portion of users’ behavior made clear that, between the reasons of their place choice, there are the possibility of using learning tools as PCs and copy machines, and the factor of nearness (LC facilities situated near the faculty building were largely used). In the “distributed type”, a large number of users chose both reading areas and LC because of the quiet environment. From this, it can be thought that by separating LC from the library building, it becomes possible to create various acoustic environments inside the vast surface obtained. Also in the “integrated open type”, where there are no partitions between reading areas and LC, and where, within the same floor, there is a differentiation of quiet and lively spaces, many users’ purpose was “to find a quiet environment”. This behavior could only mean that the concept of “quietness” is not only linked to the absence of sound. 4. Conclusions From those considerations, it seems necessary to provide a differentiation in the sound environment of the learning spaces. Even by planning spaces where there is a sort of “noisy” acoustic condition, it becomes possible to increase the place choice factors of the users.

著者

奥冨 利幸

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.637, pp.675-680, 2009-03-30 (Released:2009-11-24)

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In Meiji period, the placement relations of auditorium and Noh stage, was changing from contraposition style to surrounding style. But when the end of Meiji era, the Noh theater space was beginning changed to new style. That is the traditional Noh stage located at indoor of theater and still being an individual building. I called it as Ireko style. This paper picked up two cases, one is Kongo Noh Theater, another is the theater of Hosho Noh Society. Though these two case study, I clarify the construction process of new style. In addition, I inspected the outbreak of Ireko style Noh theater how related with the Noh improvement movement for the same period.

著者

平井 直樹 石田 潤一郎 池上 重康

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.689, pp.1621-1630, 2013

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This paper examines the writings of Riemon UNO and his association, Kogyokyoikukai, focusing on workers' housing especially dormitories. It can be read how the third party grasped the matters relating to workers' dormitories. They introduced the "model" dormitories from the point of view of the sound development of industries in Japan. On the assumption that the primordial matters behind of the dormitory system cannot immediately be solved, "model" dormitories were as cases that should be referred to for a problem how improve them while making use of an advantage in protection and the management of the workers.

著者

陳 湘琴 池田 孝之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.550, pp.209-215, 2001-12-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper analyzes the characteristic and the development process of Tai-Zhong City Planning underJapanese rule, especially focusing on three issues: (1)the contents of the city planning according to its periods ; (2)The characteristics of urban infrastructure project ; (3)the formation of urban structure. The results are as follows: (1) The urban development of Tai-Zhong City planning under Japanese rule is divided into 4 periods: the investigation and the planning; the establishment of the urban block and the urban axis; the beginning of the zoning; the application of the city planning system. (2) The characteristics of the layout and the pattern of the main infrastructure; urban blocks, roads, rivers and parks. (3) The Tai-Zhong-Castle area was vastly improved by the urban chessboard-pattern, the railway axis and the loop road axis and the change of the river basin. All this had an influence on the urban structure in Tai-Zhong city.

著者

窪田 亜矢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.781, pp.1001-1011, 2021-03

被引用文献数

1

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<p> From the time of birth, the concept of '"the park" in the city' has ever served as a tool for accepting the contradictions between legal systems and reality. Thus, such parks have continually undergone transformations. Because parks are owned and managed by the public sector, they are expected to be permanent, non-construction sites; however, the reality is different. Miyashita Park in downtown Shibuya in Tokyo Prefecture, Japan, was built on a scattered piece of land, and it has witnessed rapid changes. The periods of change of this park can be divided into five categories: (1) The Meiji era, when the feudal system changed to modern times, and the concept of parks was born; (2) 1953, when the park was first completed; (3) around 1964, the time of Tokyo Olympics, when a parking building was built on the ground, and the park was moved to the top of the roof; the park then was occupied by a homeless community; (4) around 2011, when sports facilities were installed in the park, and spatial and temporal closures became the norm under the normal operation by the local government because it had to manage the facilities; and (5) 2020, when the park was redeveloped and fully privatised; further, the park will now be managed by a private operator on a 30-year fixed land lease. Another Olympics has brought the opportunity to redevelop and redesign parks.</p><p> The concepts such as possession, 'no-man's land', indifference, publicness and open space have been discussed by many philosophers, urban researchers, social scientists and constitutional scholars. In summary, urban parks have the potential to secure Liberty from law. If we need human rights and democracy, we have to realise them by securing places for them, namely the park in the city. Therefore, we have to preserve such urban parks; however, this is a great challenge. As seen from the example of Miyashita Park, at one point of time, homeless people occupied the park, and subsequently, the local government, with the support of local residents, evicted them using urban development projects legally with private companies; both events should not have happened. A system of conservation officers in natural conservation areas and play-leaders in play-parks can provide insights into maintaining urban parks. The only way to build such a system is through the practice of defending 'the park in the city'.</p>

著者

藤原 直子 竹下 輝和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.632, pp.2041-2048, 2008-10-30 (Released:2009-10-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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In this study we analyzed characteristics of activities of junior-high-school teachers, and got some insights of the teachers-room. Teachers' time is severely restricted. Particularly, in the 10-minute-free-time they must manage many tasks, as the school building plan intends. When teachers' working space is under much attention of students, individual guidance and grading is difficult. When the teachers' rooms are separated, teachers need much time to move, so it is difficult to rest and work in the 10-minute-free-time. Also, they have less communication, and have more trouble under sudden accidents on students.

著者

後藤 千夏 瀬口 哲夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.654, pp.1855-1863, 2010-08-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

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This study clarifies the actual situation about succession of Rikyu's idea and originality of modern Taian Utsushi. In Taian Usushi, the suitable designs for the modern tea ceremony in addition to the basic designs of Taian that succeed Rikyu's ideas are reproduced. And it is divided into the reproduction type, the type of valuing historical materials, and the restoration type. If a designer thinks Taian is based on Rikyu's idea, it becomes the reproduction type or the type of valuing historical materials. If a designer doesn't think Taian is based on Rikyu's idea so much, it becomes the restoration type.

著者

須田 眞史 初見 学

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.463, pp.99-106, 1994

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

4 3

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This study is an experimental analysis of psychological effects of colors in interior-space, especially in distance recognition, aiming to make clear the effects of colors in space recognition. The results of analyses are as follows: 1) There are two main effects of colors in space recognition, Color Effect in two-dimension, and the sense of oppression. 2) The model with all surfaces painted shows the influence of Color Effect and the original image of the color most obviously. 3) Each sense is influenced differently depending on the position of the painted surface,but a painted bottom surface has influence on all senses. 4) The recognition of linear objects is influenced by painted surfaces placed right angle to it. 5) The original image of color is not always equivalent to the image of models painted by the same color. 6).The image of extent and volume are influenced by Color Effect and the sense of oppression, related to the change of chroma and value. And the image of depth, axis, and balance depends on which surface is painted, and not by the color which it is painted in.

著者

蔵田 夏美 後藤 春彦 吉江 俊

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.743, pp.33-43, 2018-01

被引用文献数

3

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&nbsp;As demands of consumers are getting more diverse, downtown and residential areas in Japan have changed to satisfy various image requirements, not just functional differences. It should not be overlooked that the activities of people who make, sell, and interact with their hobbies are growing to a non-negligible economic scale, with invisible change of landscape. In this research, through interview surveys at multiple exhibition spot sale meetings held in the Tokyo metropolitan area, we grasp the actual state of the hand-made craft market and the social background of their formation. We grasped the position of handmade craft market in chapter 2 and clarified the following three points.<br><br>&nbsp;<b>1) The system of the places for activities constituting the hand-made craft market of hobbies</b><br>&nbsp;The places for procurement of materials diversified in the real space and the Internet space, and they came to satisfy the quality, kindness, reasonable prices, convenience for the producers. Production of handmade crafts are enhanced by outside places and services such as shared workshops and the vendor services. In addition, the places for selling works has also diversified, with exhibitions and craft market services, the producers felt delighted that their work gained empathy with the purchasers and exchanges between artists and fans were born. These facts lead to their motivation for making. Almost all of the producers are using SNS to receive information and stimulated from works of other artists, and they also try to exhibit / advertise their works in SNS. It was found that the development of SNS supported the hand-made craft market, which have physical and non-physical places on the internet, crossing the process of materials procurement, production of handcrafts, and selling of their works.<br><br>&nbsp;<b>2) Types of hobby handmade craft market participants and their characters</b><br>&nbsp;Participants who started making their works and joined the handmade craft market could be classified into six types, and characters of each types are revealed, based on their motivations, sex, using of interest, working environment, school, occupation and so on. There are diverse participants, one purely enjoys making their works, while another one tries to sell their works, and some have activities for exhibitions and exchanges. It was found that these diverse participants with different purposes were gathered and formed a hand-made craft market.<br><br>&nbsp;<b>3) Space and social function of the places for making handcrafts, case study of shared studios</b><br>&nbsp;In the chapter 5, we targeted at the &ldquo;share studio&rdquo;, which is a new working model for handmade crafts. The share studio is a space that can be flexibly changed in layout according to the purpose of use, such as the installation of wheeled equipment, and it has the features that they are located in convenient places close to the station. We had investigation at three shared studios in Tokyo. They are not only providing a place for production but also a system of support for manufacturing of both hobbies and main businesses, while they are also providing a place for exchange of artists and information. They also have a role of expanding the base of monozukuri. They are widely used as a place of production for people who are hard to make their works in their own houses. These shared studios are established as a place to support "making things by yourself that is not by mass production".

著者

駒木 定正

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.570, pp.117-123, 2003

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper is intended as a study of the buildings of the Bank of Japan in the Meiji era. The subject is the following two points . The first is to consider how the Bank of Japan changed the organization of an architecture design and the architects. The second is to analyze how the architects (Kingo Tastuno , Uheiji Nagano and Shinichiro Okada) participated in a planning and design of the Otaru Branch of the Bank of Japan. It was found that the various buildings of the Bank of Japan were related to the transition of organizing an architecture design. Moreover, it is concluded that the Otaru Branch is one of the important architecture. The main reason is that three prominent architects made a plan, and this building cost was third in the Bank of Japan.

著者

松田 法子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.747, pp.979-986, 2018-05

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&nbsp;A social relationship and a spatial configuration of Beppu hot spring, Oita where &ldquo;<i>geigi</i>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<i>shogi</i>&rdquo; have worked were investigated in this study. The study focused on condition of &ldquo;<i>shogi</i>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; - a licensed prostitute quarter, its employers and their buildings - mainly in ex-Hamawaki village and also in ex-Beppu village.<br>&nbsp;There were people who carry on &ldquo;<i>geiko</i>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<i>yujo</i>&rdquo; businesses in both Beppu village and Hamawaki village in the early modern period. They had a network extending over vast area such as Bungo, Setouchi and Osaka.<br>&nbsp;Until around 1890, main business area of &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; was placed along the Nagare River which runs Beppu village where development or settlement dates back in the beginning to the middle of the 19C. The area was originally a lowland swamp and developed by Hinago family, a top family of pedigree in the village, who runs a hot spring hotel.<br>&nbsp;The business in around 1890 and the business in the early modern period had several things in common. They both hired both &ldquo;<i>geigi</i>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<i>shogi</i>&rdquo; and they also run hot spring hotels. These common features imply a possibility of some &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; owner families had been running there business as &ldquo;<i>geiko-ya</i>&rdquo; from the early modern age.<br>&nbsp;By the end of the Meiji period, &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; business was more active in Hamawaki village rather than in the Nagare River area. This paper pointed out that this transition results from events. That is, the opening of Hoshu Denki Tetsudo rail-way in 1900, modernizing hot spring facilities or refurbishments of facilities and also real estate trading related to the development.<br>&nbsp;Irie town, emerging &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; area developed on a land-filled area where used to be a cove in Hamawaki town, had a unique system of landowning. Lands of other places in the town are generally owned by few &ldquo;<i>zaichi-jinushi</i>&rdquo; - a prestigious real estate owner of the area - but each &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; employer owned &ldquo;<i>soko-chi</i>&rdquo; - covered area of ground by a building - and &ldquo;<i>kosen-chi</i>&rdquo; - a plot where hot spring comes - in Irie town. The paper also pointed out that there was a common feature in &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; owners in Hamawaki during the modern period and hotel owners. Owners of &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; consist of old landlords of the town and immigrants. The proportion of which resembles rapidly growing hotel owners at that time.<br>&nbsp;&ldquo;<i>Geigi</i>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<i>shogi</i>&rdquo; worked during the end of the Meiji period was mainly from Oita, Miyazaki and some areas in Setouchi or Osaka. This geographical tendency has similarity to a network of &ldquo;<i>geiko-ya</i>&rdquo; in the early modern period.<br>&nbsp;In addition to above mentioned studies, typology of buildings in Hamawaki and Irie town was described in the paper. In Hamawaki, &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; buildings were &ldquo;<i>tsuma-iri</i>&rdquo; - axis of an entry constructed parallel to the ridge of the roof - and its wall was finished by lime plaster which is similar to vernacular houses. On the other hand, buildings in Irie town had its root in another type of building. This difference was caused by newness of &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; district.<br>&nbsp;Furthermore, difference of major business area between &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<i>geigi</i>&rdquo; related business after the Taisho period was pointed out in this study. &ldquo;<i>kashi-zashiki</i>&rdquo; runs at Hamawaki but &ldquo;<i>geigi</i>&rdquo; related business run around the Nagare River in Beppu.

著者

堀内 啓佑 中江 研

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.776, pp.2233-2243, 2020 (Released:2020-10-30)

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The purpose of this paper is to reveal how discussions on national housing statistical surveys developed and how the results of these discussions were reflected in actual surveys in Japan.  A previous study revealed that national housing statistics in Japan were established by the "Housing survey of industrial cities" and the "Housing survey of larger cities" in 1941. Another study focused on discussions from 1939 to 1941 and revealed how these surveys were conducted.  This current study revealed the following:  (1) Importance of the 1930 national census and related discussions In 1923, the "Housing Problem Council" made up of people from the Department of Social Affairs of the Ministry of Interior, Tokyo City, Tokyo Prefecture, and other organizations was founded. The council set a goal to include a housing survey in the 1930 national census. In 1927, R. Nagaoka, the Director of the Department of Social Affairs and one of the members of the "Housing Problem Council" proposed to the Statistics Bureau of the Cabinet that the census include housing-related items. Between 1927 and 1929, the Statistics Bureau attempted to include several items in the national census. However, due to the lack of funds, only "number of rooms" was considered. In 1928, the "Housing Statistics Committee" was established at the Architectural Institute. In 1930, the committee submitted the "Proposal on housing-related items in the national census." It recommended including more housing・ related items only in cities with a population of 50,000 or more. However, this proposal was also not adopted. Previous studies have not considered the 1930 national census important because "number of rooms" did not provide valid data, given the structure of Japanese housing and the Japanese lifestyle. This current study revealed the importance of the 1930 national census in the process of conducting national housing statistical surveys in Japan because it has led to research and discussions related to methods and items.  (2) Continuity and change of discussions on national housing statistical surveys After the 1930 census, discussions on the national housing statistical surveys started again in 1939. The leading figures who led the 1923-30 discussions were R. Nagaoka, T. Sano, Y. Uchida, and Y. Nakamura. They also played an important role in conducting the "Housing survey of industrial cities" and the "Housing survey of larger cities." This means that the results of the discussions up to 1930 were reflected in the discussions after 1939. On the other hand, during this time, they were changing their policy on national housing statistical surveys. Their goal around 1928 was to obtain housing statistics in all parts of Japan. However, in the process of the execution of the 1930 national census, they learned that it was difficult to conduct it. Therefore, they changed their goal and aimed to conduct a survey that targeted urban housing only. In addition, after the start of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the survey was limited to houses located in "industrial cities" and "larger cities" because solving the housing shortages in these cities was a top priority in carrying out the war. This article revealed that the "Housing survey of industrial cities" and the "Housing survey of larger cities were not conducted based on short・term discussions during the war, but were conducted as a result of long-term discussions and a response to social conditions.

著者

堀内 啓佑 中江 研

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.758, pp.965-975, 2019 (Released:2019-04-30)

被引用文献数

1 1

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The Housing Policy Researching Committee of Dojunkai (HPRCD) researched the housing policies of Western countries from 1939 through 1940. It is important to show the process of its activities and the details of its research because Japanese wartime housing policy was drafted on the basis of the results of its activity. This paper’s originality derives from its focus not only on the HPRCD but also on preceding activity in Dojunkai.  The research division was founded in 1930 and “Research into the building and maintenance of small houses” began in 1934. Activities during the initial period did not focus on housing policy because Dojunkai was established to construct houses for survivors of the Great Kanto Earthquake. However, this improvement in the researching system was an underlying cause in the development of research regarding housing policy in Dojunkai.  “Research into the housing policies of Western countries” began as part of the “Research into the building and maintenance of small houses” in 1937. Research into Dojunkai systematically collected books about housing policies through embassies and translated them. By this time, S. Inui (Chief of the research division) was insisting that emergency measures should be drafted to deal with wartime conditions and that permanent measures should be drafted to establish the housing policies looking toward the postwar period. This was reflected in subsequent research.  In 1939, officials from the Department of Social Affairs of the Ministry of Health and Welfare started to draft measures to solve housing problems. The HPRCD was established in Dojunkai because the government did not have an organization capable of researching precedents in Western countries. Y. Kato, an official from the Department of Social Affairs, tried to draft a Rent Control Ordinance. He used the report from the HPRCD as a reference.At the end of 1939, the Division of Housing was established in the Department of Social Affairs to form a comprehensive housing policy. The HPRCD researched and drafted the Housing Act to realize it. In this way, the HPRCD contributed to legislation regarding housing in wartime.

著者

堀内 啓佑 中江 研

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.746, pp.763-773, 2018 (Released:2018-04-30)

被引用文献数

2

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Japanese city fell into the housing shortage, which was caused by intensification of war during WWII. To deal with this situation, Division of Housing in Ministry of Health and Welfare held HMC (Housing Measures Committee) and drafted “The report of HMC”. Researches of the past pointed out its aspect of housing supply measures. On the other hand, HPRCD (Housing Policy Researching Committee of Dojunkai) tried to draft the Housing Act at the same time. It was drafted by four sections in HASRS (“Housing Act” Special Researcher Society), the research group of HPRCD that have researching themes as follows: Section 1 (Housing census), Section 2 (Housing standardization), Section 3 (Housing supervision) and Section 4 (Housing supply). This paper shows a process of formulation of “the report of HMC” and its significance in the history of Japanese housing policy by associating activity of HPRCD with “the report of HMC”. We reveal facts as follows; Officials of Division of Housing tried to hold Housing Policy Committee to establish housing policy that modelled after Western countries. They also took part in activities of HPRCD and intended to enact Housing Act as uniform law about housing. However, they could not hold Housing Policy Committee because of intensification of war. Actually, they had to follow political line that contributes to production expansion and solve housing shortage in areas of munitions factories and urban cities the highest priority. Given this situation, they decided to hold HMC and incorporate ideas gotten thorough research of HPRCD with “the report of HMC” “The report of HMC” was composed of as follows; (1) “Guideline to found Rented House Owner Association (tentative)” (2) “Guideline of special measures of housing supply” (3) “Guideline to found Housing Corporation (tentative)” (4) “Guideline of housing census” (5) “Several methods needed for carrying out housing measures”. The measures of (1), (2), (3) and (5) were drafted based on evaluation that was shown from the research by Section 4 of HASRS. Especially, establishment of Housing Corporation was discussed first of all at HMC because it was considered as most effective way by Section 4. Moreover, matters had been researched by Section 1 was strongly reflected on (4). Section 2 and Section 3 couldn't incorporate their ideas into “the report of HMC” because the measures concerning housing standardization and supervision did not directly contribute to solving housing shortage. However, they made effort to realize their ideas during HMC. “The report of HMC” played important role in proposing housing supply measures at WW II such as the Housing Corporation Act. Moreover, this paper shows its significance that it was product of compromise of activity of drafting Housing Act. Therefore it partially included ideas gotten thorough comprehensive research about housing policy.

著者

横尾 真 山名 善之 岩岡 竜夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.712, pp.1463-1471, 2015

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&nbsp;This study aims to clarify architects' thoughts of &ldquo;A&Eacute;RO-CLUB ROLAND-GARROS &Agrave; BUC&rdquo;, which is the relationship between features and building components. It is about the features such as floor planning, concept of space, structure type, facility planning and also about the building components such as the assembly system as well as the list of all parts. The composition of this study includes the analysis of the features of this building and the analysis of the technological aspect of the building components. Finally, we discuss what kind of relationship the two has.

著者

横尾 真 山名 善之 岩岡 竜夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.739, pp.2421-2429, 2017-09

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&nbsp;&ldquo;Maison d&eacute;montable en ancier B. L. P. S.&rdquo; was designed by French architects Eugene Beaudouin, Marcel Lods, Jean Prouv&eacute;, and Forges de Strasbourg as a constructor in 1936. An external form is 3.3m&times;3.3m, this small house is used for 2 persons. It consists a living room with 2 beds and a dining table, a kitchen space, a toilet and shower space and also could assemble and be demountable at anywhere. The begginig of this small house was made a prototype at Ateliers Jean Prouv&eacute; that was presented at the sixth exposition de l'habitation in the salon des arts m&eacute;nagers in January 1939. All parts not only the entire house but also furniture were made of the thin steel sheets, there was not the foundation by Reinforced concrete. When Lods demonstrated at the exposition, in fact he could assemble for 2.5 hours and be demountable for 45 minutes. In the same year, someone stolen this small house before begining World War II, and it can never be seen anywhere.<br>&nbsp;As a background and purpose of this study, it aims to clarify architects' thoughts of &ldquo;Maison d&eacute;montable en ancier B. L. P. S. &ldquo;, which focuses on the relationship between features and building components. It is about the features such as floor planning, concept of space, structure type, facility planning, and also about the building components such as the assembly system as well as the list of all parts. Finally, we discuss what kind of relationship the two has.<br>&nbsp;The previously-mentioned 3 French architects collaborated mainly in 3 projects, this small house is one of them, and its second project. Prouv&eacute; has explained through an interview in the book that was written by Peter Sulzer in 2000, it is &ldquo;B. L. P. S. entirely made at my place&hellip; an enormous number of innovations&hellip; like the system of assembling the panels...&rdquo;. Besides Franz Graf has explained that this small house, it's design, has been a great help in designing the fa&ccedil;ade of the Medische Faculteit in Rotterdam (today: Erasmus MC) by Prouv&eacute;, built in 1968. This means that Prouv&eacute; used the similar details in different project 30 years past, it could also say to find an importance innovation in this small house.<br>&nbsp;As a result, we found that important design through to clarify features and building components of &ldquo;Maison d&eacute;montable en ancier B. L. P. S.&rdquo;. It is consisted by 5 building components which are the roof panel, the floor panel, the wall panel, the facility unit, the funiture unit, and they are a set for 2 components. Each of them has a meanings, such as it plays a role as Instruction how to assemble or where sets a position for the next assembled parts. Detail of the joints which connects between building components, has same detail, it can say that a set of building components are able to use turning upside down and is possible to make entire building what it is designed 2 building components by same one without the floor panels and the facility unit.

著者

首代 佳吾 山名 善之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.744, pp.231-239, 2018 (Released:2018-02-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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In recent years, the cultural heritage value of cities and architecture constructed by western powers in the former colonies mainly in Asia and Africa is beginning to be realized. While the cities and architecture tend to be regarded historical negative legacies for the former colonies, recent research suggests that they are important legacies representing the process of modernization of the city and accepting and coexisting with the other. In the discussion of shared heritage that began in 2010 in such a framework, colonial architecture is one of the important elements of the modern era and it is connection parts between the present and past. However, because evaluation of such cities and architecture are getting behind and the economic situation is developing in recent years, some of them are destroyed before being evaluated and protected as cultural heritage. Therefore, in order to consider the cities and architecture of the former colonies as a shared heritage, it is necessary to clarify the formation of the city including it's architecture. The foundation of the former colonial cities were constructed by western powers. Colonial cities originally existed in the form of rural areas and villages that were required for trade and military functions by western powers. Furthermore, these cities were continually formed as these functions expanded. When people in each suzerain came to visit, the cities began to be constructed as planned cities considering their various functions. Especially, hill station, planned for people stationed in hot climate colonies but accustomed to cold climates, is one type of the planned city formed by the requirement for these diverse functions. Therefore, in this research, reveal the urban formation in the formation of Dalat, hill station in Vietnam, with focusing on the function required by France and the aim of this study is to reveal acceptance and development of modern idea brought from western Europe called planned cities. Chapter 1 focuses on the process of gathering and categorizing relevant original documents. In order to grasp the location of organizations that hold documents used in past research. Documents relevant to this research were then identified. Chapter 2 organizes the urban planning of the entire Dalat chronologically and focuses on zoning changes and revealing the changes in the function in the city. Chapter 3 extracts a discourse on the functions revealed in Chapter 2 from the document set grasps when each function was required for the first time. Chapter 4 compares the urban formation revealed in Chapter 2 and the required functions revealed in Chapter 3 chronologically. As a result, although there is a difference in time from request to reflection, it is revealed that the requested function is reflected in urban formation, and Dalat is a city formed by requirement of various new functions over time. Chapter 5, we revealed how modern ideas introduced by France in current Dalat is developed from a field survey of architecture. As a result, modern industries such as tourism had a great influence on urban formation in Dalat during the colonial era are still thriving. Furthermore, while several grand hotels for the upper classes were constructed during the colonial era, it is revealed that many small hotels called mini hotels which provide accommodation at low prices for all classes are being constructed at present.

著者

首代 佳吾 山名 善之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.744, pp.231-239, 2018-02

被引用文献数

1

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&nbsp;In recent years, the cultural heritage value of cities and architecture constructed by western powers in the former colonies mainly in Asia and Africa is beginning to be realized. While the cities and architecture tend to be regarded historical negative legacies for the former colonies, recent research suggests that they are important legacies representing the process of modernization of the city and accepting and coexisting with the other. In the discussion of shared heritage that began in 2010 in such a framework, colonial architecture is one of the important elements of the modern era and it is connection parts between the present and past. However, because evaluation of such cities and architecture are getting behind and the economic situation is developing in recent years, some of them are destroyed before being evaluated and protected as cultural heritage. Therefore, in order to consider the cities and architecture of the former colonies as a shared heritage, it is necessary to clarify the formation of the city including it's architecture.<br>&nbsp;The foundation of the former colonial cities were constructed by western powers. Colonial cities originally existed in the form of rural areas and villages that were required for trade and military functions by western powers. Furthermore, these cities were continually formed as these functions expanded. When people in each suzerain came to visit, the cities began to be constructed as planned cities considering their various functions. Especially, hill station, planned for people stationed in hot climate colonies but accustomed to cold climates, is one type of the planned city formed by the requirement for these diverse functions.<br>&nbsp;Therefore, in this research, reveal the urban formation in the formation of Dalat, hill station in Vietnam, with focusing on the function required by France and the aim of this study is to reveal acceptance and development of modern idea brought from western Europe called planned cities.<br>&nbsp;Chapter 1 focuses on the process of gathering and categorizing relevant original documents. In order to grasp the location of organizations that hold documents used in past research. Documents relevant to this research were then identified.<br>&nbsp;Chapter 2 organizes the urban planning of the entire Dalat chronologically and focuses on zoning changes and revealing the changes in the function in the city.<br>&nbsp;Chapter 3 extracts a discourse on the functions revealed in Chapter 2 from the document set grasps when each function was required for the first time.<br>&nbsp;Chapter 4 compares the urban formation revealed in Chapter 2 and the required functions revealed in Chapter 3 chronologically. As a result, although there is a difference in time from request to reflection, it is revealed that the requested function is reflected in urban formation, and Dalat is a city formed by requirement of various new functions over time.<br>&nbsp;Chapter 5, we revealed how modern ideas introduced by France in current Dalat is developed from a field survey of architecture. As a result, modern industries such as tourism had a great influence on urban formation in Dalat during the colonial era are still thriving. Furthermore, while several grand hotels for the upper classes were constructed during the colonial era, it is revealed that many small hotels called mini hotels which provide accommodation at low prices for all classes are being constructed at present.

著者

岸田 繁高 植松 清志 渡辺 勝彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.666, pp.1453-1459, 2011-08-30 (Released:2012-01-13)

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Regarding the urban dwellings of Japan in pre-modern times we show, on a drawing, the actual architectural situation of 13 dwellings in the central area of Osaka. We discuss the dwelling types and the layout of the houses drawn. As a result, we were able to draw the following conclusions: 1) we can confirm three dwelling types; Tori-niwa type, with an earthen floor passable from front to back (7 examples), Kiri-niwa type, with two earthen floors (2 examples), and Mae-niwa type, with an entrance earthen floor (4 examples). Houses for rent including six Tori-niwa type houses facing the main road Mido-suji and Minami-Kyuutarocho-dori measured 2.5 to 5 ken in width and 1.25 to 8.5 ken in depth. Each has 3 rooms in file inside and five houses have a set bath in their dwellings. 2) Five houses were set on rear sites and two houses next to the corner house, with sharing wells and toilets. The composition of these 13 houses shows a layout technique in a central urban area in Osaka.