著者

西島 悠介 池田 佳樹 西川 麻里奈 許 載永 平手 小太郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.759, pp.479-486, 2019 (Released:2019-05-30)

参考文献数

16

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In this study, we classified 16 kinds of arrows which are frequently found at the station as "straight arrows" and "polygonal arrows". Then we conducted a fundamental experiment using arrows as the sole experiment elements of the space. In this experiment, subjects made a direction judgment and wrote a progress route intuitively. In this way, we investigated the factors of causes that made people get lost at the station. The results we got from the experiment are summarized below. 1) As for all the 8 types of "straight arrows", subjects are apt to judge the direction as a plan indication rather than an elevation one. 2) The downward "straight arrows" may cause misunderstandings in the direction judgment. 3) In case of "straight arrows", except of rightward and leftward arrows, "It is difficult to do the judgment between the plan and the elevation indications." became the most important reason why the subjects got lost in the direction judgment. 4) Based on the experiment of "polygonal arrows", we found that some upward arrows worked particularly better indicating the direction and progressing the route. Also, subjects can easily understand these signs. 5) The downward "polygonal arrows" may cause misunderstandings in the direction judgment. 6) As for all of these 8 types of "polygonal arrows", "It is difficult to know the distance to the turning point." became the most important reason why the subjects get lost in the direction judgment. 7) In some cases of "polygonal arrows", the users may interpret them as elevation indications which the railway company does not expect. 8) It is possible that the U-turn arrows of "backward progress" indications are not working properly. In both of the "straight arrows" and the "polygonal arrows", the force of indications of the downward arrows is weaker than the upward ones. And the downward arrows are difficult to understand. It is necessary to investigate the causes in detail in the future. In addition, as for the "straight arrows", it was obvious that the users may confuse the direction of plan indications with the elevation ones. This became a factor which made people get lost at the station. According to "The Ecological Approach To Visual Perception", we think that the force of the indication will be increased by incorporating the linear perspective and the texture gradient in the signboard. However, this idea needs to be examined by more experiments in the future. Otherwise, when applying to the real situation of the space, there are more factors other than the arrow signs in the view range of the direction judgment, so we need to consider this influence multifaceted.

著者

小畑 拓未 福田 展淳 尾崎 明仁 李 明香

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.792, pp.74-83, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

参考文献数

20

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Actual measurement and numerical simulation were conducted in crawl space of detached houses, and the following points were clarified. 1. A house with high insulation performance of the floor insulation will have a lower temperature in the crawl space and higher humidity than a house with low. 2. Low temperature and high humidity becomes more noticeable in a house where it is difficult for outside air to flow into center of crawl space. 3. Outside air humidity has the largest effect on humidity of crawl space, followed by ventilation volume>thickness of floor insulation>cooling set temperature of room on 1st floor.

著者

永井 久也 鈴木 大隆 北谷 幸恵 岩前 篤 小南 和也 坂本 雄三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.638, pp.457-463, 2009-04-30 (Released:2009-11-24)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 1

---

There are two points of view for the prevention design of moisture problem in the building insulated envelope. One is the strictly prevention of high moisture condition in the insulated wall cavity. The other one is the permission of short-term high moisture condition, condensation and high moisture content of the wooden material as long as keeping physical durability. If the later standpoint were chosen, the insulated envelope design of every variety for Japan would be possible. Nevertheless, there are no criteria to estimate the damage of physical durability of wood by the biological factors related high moisture condition. In the previous paper, we reported about the concept of the prevention design of moisture problem in the building insulated envelope and the relationships between water content and decay various woods under hygrothermal steady conditions. In this paper, the relationships between water content and decay of various woods under two kinds of hygrothermal transient conditions are shown.

著者

大澤 元毅 池田 耕一 林 基哉 桑沢 保夫 真鍋 純 中林 由行

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.566, pp.65-71, 2003-04-30 (Released:2016-12-28)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

4 5

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The purpose of this research is to know the present status of the indoor air chemical pollution by VOCs in Japanese houses in 2000. The concentrations of formaldehyde, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene were measured in five thousand houses, and the following results were obtained. 1) In 27.3% of surveyed houses, the indoor concentrations of formaldehyde exceeded the guideline established by the Ministry of health, labor and welfare of Japanese Government. And those of toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene were 12.3, 0.013 and 0% respectively. 2) The formaldehyde concentrations correlated well to the indoor temperatures. 3) The averages of the formaldehyde concentrations in houses according to the age of year after construction were analyzed, and the concentration in houses built after 1997 was lower than that in 1996, which showed the highest value.

著者

成 旻起 加藤 信介 田中 堤子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.639, pp.621-627, 2009-05-30 (Released:2009-11-30)

参考文献数

12

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UVGI (Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation) system is recently considered for the sterilization of indoor air and practically applied to the buildings where need hygienic control mainly in America and Europe. In this study, the factors influencing the germicidal effect such as UV intensity and exposure time were reviewed and the several methods to evaluate the germicidal efficacy of UR (Upper Room)-UVGI system were introduced. The methods mainly use CFD simulation to calculate UV dose, considering the distribution of UV intensity of UR-UVGI system and the air flow induced by air handling system in a room. The methods were applied to a typical 4-patient ward model. Results showed that the positions of UR-UVGI system and supply or exhaust openings are important for UV dose. For example, spatial average UV dose decrease when UR-UVGI system is installed near the exhaust openings. Similar results were shown in the cases that the contaminants assumed to be exhausted from the mouth of patient. In the cases assuming infectious microbe flow in through supply openings or breathing of occupant, the germicidal efficacy of UR-UVGI could be evaluated with the methods.

著者

有馬 雄祐

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.785, pp.680-691, 2021-07-30 (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

48

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Studies about well-being (WB) have been used to build an interdisciplinary research area centered on positive psychology and economics of happiness. WB research is characterized by active use of subjective data about one’s life, called subjective wellbeing (SWB), as indicators of the quality of an individual’s life or their society. SWB has various domains, including ones related to cognitive and emotional well-being, and each has different determinants. For example, life satisfaction, which is the cognitive aspect of SWB, is strongly correlated with income, while emotional well-being has a relatively strong correlation with health and social relationships. There are various theories about SWB’s composition, and the OECD has defined three basic domains of SWB: life evaluation (life satisfaction), emotion (affect, mood), and eudaimonia. Conventional research for assessing residential environments has used “housing satisfaction” as a subjective indicator of housing quality, which belongs to the “cognitive evaluation” domain. However, based on the findings of WB research, it can be inferred that there are diverse subjective domains related to housing quality. Therefore, in the current study, we attempted to construct home-related subjective well-being (HOME-SWB) based on the OECD’s SWB definition: “home satisfaction,” “positive emotions at home,” “negative emotions at home,” and “eudaimonia derived from home.” “Home satisfaction” is the cognitive aspect of HOME-SWB, which is similar to the conventional subjective indicator, housing satisfaction. “Positive emotions at home” includes the frequency of positive emotional experiences at home, such as feeling happy, cheerful, or joyful, while “negative emotions at home” includes the frequency of negative emotional experiences, such as feeling depressed, stressed out, or lonely at home. “Eudaimonia derived from home” indicate to what extent residents obtain experiences of eudaimonic well-being from their homes, such as self-esteem and the sense that life is worth living. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of HOME-SWB among 4,000 residents in the Tokyo area and the determinants of each domain of HOME-SWB using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis. Our assessment shows that HOME-SWB is closely related to demographics; for example, the relationship between home satisfaction and age is a U-shaped curve, which is similar to the well-known relationship between life satisfaction and age. Therefore, we conducted OLS regression by controlling demographic variables, including gender, age, and household income, and the results show that each domain of HOME-SWB has unique relationships with them. For example, the size of a house strongly affects home satisfaction but not positive emotions or eudaimonic aspects. Having a nice view from windows or a high level of thermal insulation has a relatively strong effect on emotional HOME-SWB. Proactive ways of living in a home, such as being picky about furniture and the interior of one’s home or frequently redecorating rooms, enhance the eudaimonic aspects, such as self-esteem and optimism. When we use conventional subjective information to measure housing satisfaction as an indicator of housing quality, it is noted that the importance of the housing elements that strongly affect cognitive well-being, such as the size of a house, are overestimated, while the importance of elements that have an impact on the emotional and eudaimonic aspects of HOME-SWB are underestimated. There are various subjective domains related to housing quality; therefore, we can conclude that we must measure various domains of HOME-SWB when assessing home-related well-being based on residents’ subjective information.

著者

近藤 靖史 長澤 康弘 藤本 哲夫 田坂 太一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.634, pp.1361-1368, 2008-12-30 (Released:2009-10-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 2

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The insulation materials are used to improve thermal performance of buildings and their performance should be kept in required value during building life time, however long term change of thermal conductivity is observed for most of insulation materials. It is well known that the thermal conductivity of insulation foams increases with time due to the emission of the blowing agents from the insulation foams and the transfer of the air into them. In this paper, the aging of thermal conductivity in various insulation foams is discussed with measured data and numerical analysis. Two kinds of accelerated test are conducted and the aging characteristics of various foams are examined. The estimation equations of thermal conductivity change of insulation foams are shown and applied to the measured materials. The effective diffusion coefficient of the blowing agents is obtained by comparing the simulation results and the measured value.

著者

中野 淳太 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.597-606, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

73

被引用文献数

4 5

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Semi-outdoor environment is defined as a grade of environmental control in thermal environmental planning, falling in between indoor and outdoor environment. Thermal adaptation of occupants, together with building and equipment, needs to be taken into account for planning such environment. Behavioral and psychological adaptation was found to be influential on thermal comfort, and context of thermal environment was found to be important to understand the adaptive process from literature review. Environmental context was categorized into social, architectural, and personal elements. A concept model of adaptive thermal comfort in semi-outdoor environment was proposed. Problems concerning application of existing thermal comfort standards were discussed. Adaptive comfort zone, not comfort temperature, needs to be investigated through field surveys considering the Japanese context such as geographical location, climate, degree of environmental control and general-purpose of the architectural space. Adaptive comfort zone needs to be presented together with the definition of environmental context.

著者

源城 かほり 松本 博 緒方 伸昭 中野 卓立

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.743, pp.1-10, 2018 (Released:2018-01-30)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

4 11

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According to a survey by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the number of mood disorders tends to increase year by year in Japan. Under such a background, from December 2015, it is obliged for employers to perform stress checks of workers once a year. In such a stress society, improvement of office environment is an urgent issue. As is well known, some foliage plants have effects of humidity control and VOC removal from indoor air, improvement of productivity and reducing workers' mental stress as well. In the past, a number of previous studies on indoor plants focusing on these effects have been seen, and most of them were implemented in simulated office spaces in the past. However, recently Iwasaki et al. and Matsumoto et al. have installed some plants in actual office spaces and the psychological effects of plants on office workers are beginning to be considered. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of indoor plants on physiological/psychological responses and productivity, and to demonstrate the mental healthcare for office workers. In order to clarify the effect of indoor plants, we conducted a demonstration experiment in an office. This experiment aims to clarify the effects of indoor plants arranged in workplaces on workers' mental health, such as physiological responses, psychological responses and productivity. The experiment was performed in two rooms (Office A, Office B) in an office on the eighth floor of a building located in Kyoto, Japan. Office A was a call center and Office B was a general office. Subjects were office workers working in one of the above two rooms. Twenty-two healthy people in Office A and 19 healthy people in Office B participated in the experiment. Participants were required to measure physiological responses and answer a Web questionnaire after work once or twice a week. Each office worker worked as usual during the experiment period. The experiment was performed from the end of March 2016 to the beginning of September 2016. In the experiment, nine cycles (one cycle is two weeks) were conducted while changing the type of plants. Plants were arranged in the same amount as possible with a green cover ratio of 10 %. A preliminary experiment without plants was conducted as a reference case. Survey items are divided into four items: indoor environment (temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, illuminance, sound level), physiological responses (salivary amylase activity, critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF)), psychological responses (a questionnaire survey through the Web based on SAP and a questionnaire survey “Jikaku-sho shirabe” by which evaluated work-related fatigue feelings and fatigue symptom intensity), and productivity (simple task, calls per hour (CPH)). Indoor environment indices of this study ranged wider than those of the laboratory experiment. The result of evaluating the thermal comfort of each office using PMV showed that Office A was slightly warm, while Office B was neutral. The relaxation effects of plants on visual fatigue were found to be significant in CFF for female when arranging the plants with some petals. Mean score of fatigue symptom intensity showed that foliage plants have a significant effect to reduce the feelings of drowsiness. Effect of the improvement of the productivity using plants installation could not be confirmed in terms of simple task and CPH. Our results suggested that plants installation in office space has some mental healthcare effects, although this study had some limitations because of the demonstration experiment. Some experimental problems related with plants preparation restriction, plants order, a variation of some indoor environment indices, LED lamp lightings are to be solved in the future.

著者

高村 秀紀 浅野 良晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.657, pp.993-999, 2010-11-30 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper focuses on how to reduce CO2 emissions regarding construction materials. We compared section by section the amount of CO2 emissions from the four different houses. Next, we made an improved plan that took away the first floor that was constructed with reinforced concrete, as well as the interior decorations which emitted less CO2 during their factory production. The following results were obtained.1) We determined which sections of the four houses had less construction waste. We determined which sections of the four houses emitted less CO2 during their production.2) The total amount of CO2 emissions per floor from construction materials is 318.8kg-CO2/m2~498.1kg-CO2/m2.3) The proposed countermeasure that took away the first floor reduced CO2 emissions by 15.7×103kg-CO2, a decrease of 30.4%.The proposed countermeasure that used the interior decorations, which emitted less CO2 during their factory production, reduced CO2 emissions by 5.1×103kg-CO2, a decrease of 9.9%.The countermeasure that the authors described in their improved plan reduced CO2 emissions by 20.8×103kg-CO2, a decrease of 40.3%.

著者

清澤 裕美 野崎 淳夫 吉澤 晋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.596, pp.29-35, 2005-10-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively determine the removal performance on cedar pollen of domestic air cleaners which have widely been utilized in ordinary houses. Five domestic air cleaners were tested in an experimental chamber, using cedar pollen and the JIS Test Powder. The evaluation were made with an index of equivalent clean air rates (ECAR). The results showed that the removal rates of cedar pollen were 19.12〜180.2(m^3/h) for 0.3μm particles, and 18.7〜213.0 (m^3/h) for 0.5μm particles except for one type and with JIS Test Powder 20〜50(m^3/h) for all type of domestic air cleaners. The pollen has smaller particle portion than the JIS Test Powder No.11 and the performance of cleaners cannot be estimated simply from the morphological size distribution of the test aerosols. The analytical prediction of pollen concentration were made and compared with the results of experiment to show a fairly good fit for particles smaller than 1μm.

著者

山野 裕美 倉渕 隆 安岡 正人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.712, pp.535-541, 2015 (Released:2015-07-11)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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The aim of this study is to propose pollen prevention measures in buildings by examining the mechanisms of indoor concentration decay theoretically with pollen grains as the main target, and estimate indoor concentration using theoretical formulas. We first analyzed the mechanism of the indoor pollen concentration, and verified predictive formulas based on actual measured values. Next, assuming the outdoor pollen concentration, the indoor concentration was estimated. It was shown that by making assumptions for the outdoor concentration and conditions, the indoor concentration could be estimated using a theoretical formula.

著者

三浦 靖弘 加藤 信介 山口 一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.591, pp.37-43, 2005-05-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

20

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The aim of this research is to figure out the measuring characteristics about the Large Chamber used for measuring emission rate of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials and so on. In this paper, the influence of supply opening size, ventilation air volume and mixing fan on measuring VOCs emission rate from the chest of drawers and the TV in large chamber is analyzed using CFD. We analyze flow field, age of air and diffusion field. Also, we computed a material transfer rate. Finally, we found more suitable measurement condition for measuring VOCs emission rate in large chamber.

著者

本多 英里 伊香賀 俊治 大平 昇 岡島 慶治 海塩 渉

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.724, pp.523-533, 2016 (Released:2016-06-30)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

3 6

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Decline in the quality of sleep increases the morbidity and risk of lifestyle diseases. In addition, daytime sleepiness causes traffic accidents and decreased work efficiency. According to a survey conducted by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 20% of people experience sleep problems, and decline in sleep quality in particular is serious. One factor that has been linked to decline in sleep quality is high heat and humidity in summer. Against this background, some studies have examined the effects of thermal environment control on sleep. Appropriate use of air conditioning has been shown to improve sleep quality; however, maintaining a good indoor thermal environment using air conditioning increases energy consumption. Given the present state of climate change, the reduction of energy consumption in the Japanese residential sector is a pressing issue. However, an excessive reduction in air conditioning use for the purpose of saving energy could create a poor sleep environment. The effects of thermal environment control using air conditioning on sleep quality and energy consumption have been independently investigated in several previous studies. In this research, we elucidate the impact of thermal environment control on both sleep and energy consumption during the summer. The effect of thermal environment control on sleep and energy saving was unified as a monetary value. Increase in energy consumption can be estimated as an increase in air conditioning costs. Conversely, because reduced sleep efficiency translates to reduced working efficiency, improved sleep efficiency was converted into monetary value as a reduction in wages. Eight healthy male university students participated in this study. The study was performed in a two-story maisonette room in an apartment building with high environmental performance. Experiments were conducted in August 2013 and 2014. In the 2013 experiments, we examined the effect of thermal environment control on sleep and energy consumption. Three thermal environmental control scenarios were used: an air conditioner set at continuous operation at 26.0 °C (Case I); an air conditioner set at continuous operation at 28.0 °C (Case II); and natural draft only (Case III). The increase in air conditioner temperature setting from 26.0 to 28.0 °C used in this study resulted in a 0.03 kWh/day/m2 reduction in 8-h energy consumption (Fig. 6). Sleep efficiency was significantly higher for Case II (average SET* during sleep, 27.4 °C) (Fig. 8). Low SET* caused by excessive air conditioner use and high SET* caused by not using an air conditioner adversely affected sleep efficiency. The relationship between sleep efficiency and work efficiency was verified in the experiments conducted in August 2014, confirming that the economic impact of decreased sleep efficiency could be converted to a monetary value. Working efficiency decreased by 1.1% per 1% decrease in sleep efficiency (p<0.01) (Fig. 13). The combined economic impact of energy saving and sleep quality was calculated. The economic impact of improved sleep quality was much greater than that of energy saving, and the economic value of Case II (average SET* during sleep, 27.4 °C) was the highest (Fig. 14). This study found that sleep quality influences work efficiency, demonstrating the importance of improving sleep. To create a comfortable sleeping environment, further verification of thermal environment control in more detail is necessary.

著者

浅沼 宏亮 伊藤 一秀

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.688, pp.481-487, 2013-06-30 (Released:2013-08-30)

参考文献数

15

---

The indoor environment can play a significant role in the transmission of and exposure to various contaminants. In the case of some emerging aerial infections, such as those caused by influenza virus and tuberculosis virus, the airborne route of transmission is considered to be important for evaluating the health risk associated with exposure to contaminants in indoors. In this study, we focus on the coupled simulation of unsteady and non-uniform distribution of infectious contaminant concentration and transmission propagation, which directly indicates the infectious titer of target infectious contaminant and the changes in the population densities of Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Infectious (I), and Recovered (R) in a hospital space. Furthermore, improved exposure model that separated respiratory exposure and contact exposure is proposed in this study and the sensitivity analysis was executed. Especially, we report the prediction results of the time and spatial change in the infectious risk when the indoor environmental conditions in university hospital space, type of contaminant and prediction models are changed.

著者

山本 杏子 小島 隆矢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.702, pp.649-654, 2014-08-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This study examines the classification of the user type and behavior in a comedy theater. First surveys were carried out for the classification of the user type and the comparison. Second surveys were carried out for the evaluation of the ease of behavior and the degree of action implementation of the environment around a comedy theater. The results are as followings: 1) Comedy theater users were classified into four types and user behavior is different by user type. 2) The ease of behavior and the degree of action implementation are different by each theater.

著者

近藤 靖史 川口 明伸 吉野 一 荻田 俊輔

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.664, pp.547-554, 2011-06-30 (Released:2011-11-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Oil mist generated in commercial kitchens has a serious influence on worker's health and may make an odor problem. Therefore many research works have been recently reported on oil mist emitted from cooking equipment such as fryers and griddles in USA (ASHRAE 745-RP Final Report etc.) and in Japan. In this paper, particle size distributions emitted from griddle and fryer were measured with two measurement systems (WPS and SMPS/APS) and the results showed that size of almost all particles was under 1μm. However oil mist includes relatively large particles over 1μm which should not be neglected when cleanness in kitchen especially in the vicinity of cooking equipment is discussed. This paper also examined the aerosol dynamics of oil mist under 1μm. The results showed gravitational settling, coagulation and Brownian diffusion had no important effect on oil mist distribution in kitchens and oil mist under 1μm can be treated as passive scalar in CFD simulation.

著者

シャリフディン フィルザ ウタマ 寺井 達夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.583, pp.73-78, 2004-09-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

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本研究の目的は、コンピュータ内に展示施設などの仮想建築空間を構築し、四次元的空間制御を行うことで新たな建築空間の利用可能性が高まることを示すことにある。本論文ではそのために、仮想空間の制御を四次元空間レベルで自由に行うことのできる手法を提示し、実際にその制御を可能とする簡易システムを開発してモデル空間に適用することで、その有効性を具体的に示している。これまで提案された仮想空間はそのほとんどが実空間の延長として、モニタ上に単なる三次元空間を展開しているものであるが、本来、仮想空間は実空間の制約から解放されている分だけ、自由かつ流動的に制御できる空間として実務利用される可能性を有している。本論文では、そのような高度な処理を行うために四次元幾何空間の概念に着目し、その三次元空間への投影を建築設計上の要件に即して自由に制御できる手法を提示した。その手法を具現化して開発したコントローラシステムを実際に操作し、空間設計のツールとしての有効性を示すとともに、より応用的な検討に進むための基礎固めを行っている。具体的には、まず建築空間を構成するものとして環境、境界、人間の三つの要素に着目し、実空間と仮想空間における相互の関連を比較することで、仮想空間が依拠すべき実空間の特性と、実空間にない新たな特性を明らかにしている。その後、抽出した特性をもとに四次元空間を三次元空間に投影した際に制御される可視空間と不可視空間を規定し、仮想建築空間における内部空間と外部空間とにそれぞれ対応付けている。その結果、モデルとして制御可能な四次元仮想空間がモニタ上に展開される。

著者

宗方 淳 田中 知世

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.695, pp.19-25, 2014-01-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5 5

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A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to study the environmental and social factors which effect office workers' motivation as well as other comprehensive evaluation that are also supposed to influence workers' workplace productivity. As a result, places and behaviors which maintain and/or improve workers' motivation were extracted and compared with the factors of other comprehensive evaluations. It can be explained with larger coefficient of determination that motivation is one of the causal factors of the satisfaction of office environment. It was also found that some environmental factors influenced workers' motivation with the same weight as social factors. Finally the influence of difference of type of the worker was also studied.

著者

立松 宏一 廣田 誠一 高倉 政寛 月館 司 鈴木 大隆 羽山 広文

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.707, pp.67-77, 2015-01-30 (Released:2015-03-30)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 3

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The thermal performance and equipment type specified for a newly built house were investigated as benchmarks to enable the selection of appropriate insulation and equipment specifications. The prevalence of electric heater installations for space heating and hot water supply decreased in 2012, compared to 2011. However, it is estimated that the primary energy consumption is high in particularly cold areas of Hokkaido, because this type of equipment remains common in these areas. Because there is an initiative to contractors when the equipment type is determined, it is important to provide appropriate information to these contractors.