著者

山地 亮一

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.46, 2021 (Released:2021-01-13)

著者

吉田 一也 小﨑 恵生 森 翔也 竹村 雅裕

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.243-251, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

30

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Previous study reported that baseball pitchers had a decreased shoulder internal rotation (IR) range of motion after pitching. However, whether the decreased range of motion associated with pitching is caused by tightness of the posterior shoulder has not been clarified yet. The joint stiffness in the passive torque can be compared with posterior shoulder tightness before and after pitching. Hence, this study aimed to compare shoulder IR stiffness based on passive torque before and after pitching in baseball pitcher. Eleven health male collage baseball pitchers were recruited. Passive torque during IR (max IR, peak torque and stiffness) of dominant and non-dominant arms was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Measurements were taken before, after, and post 24 hours after pitching (105 pitches). It was observed that after pitching, max IR and peak torque were significantly decreased compared to those before pitching. However, there was no difference in the stiffness of passive torque among three measurements. In conclusion, healthy college baseball pitchers have a decreased IR range of motion after pitching. However, this result is not due to posterior shoulder tissue tightness, but because of altered stretch tolerance.

著者

辻野 昭

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.94-100, 1964-09-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

5

著者

川西 範明 矢野 博己 鈴木 克彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.106, 2014 (Released:2014-01-24)

参考文献数

2

著者

小野 三嗣 荻野 光男

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.64-68, 1963-06-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

4

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東京都内T小学校, 埼玉県下S小学校の就学学童全員について, 昭和37年7月, 身長, 坐高, (下肢長) 膝上高, 膝下高を測定し, 長育発育の比率動態を研究した結果, 次の結論を得た。1) 埼玉S小学校の身長は, 男子は1961年の身長水準に概ね一致しているが, 女子の発育は不充分で1950年度の全国水準値付近にとどまっている。2) 東京T小学校は男女ともに, 1961年の全国水準より大きい。3) 下肢長発育傾向はS校よりもT校の方が強いが, 東京練馬区の2小学校調査では, 遂年的に下肢長比が増大する傾向が認められる。4) 東京T小学校と埼玉S小学校の下肢長発育の差は, 特に下腿長発育の差に強く現われている。以上の事実に若干の考察を加えると共に, 机, 椅子の高さとの関係について言及した。

著者

西脇 雅人 小田 啓之 尾井 直矢 久米 大祐

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.215-225, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

34

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Single-tooth sandals under new development have special material and shape characteristics. Exercises with single-tooth sandals can increase pressing stimulus on the soles of the feet, thereby suppressing a decline in medial longitudinal arch and elevating sole surface temperature. This study thus aimed to examine the effects of exercise with single-tooth sandals on medial longitudinal arch and sole surface temperature. Sixteen young adults (23 ± 5 years) participated in 20 min of stepping exercise on the spot. They randomly put on a regular normal sandal (N conditions) or a single-tooth sandal (Z conditions) on each left and right side. Before and after exercise, medial longitudinal arch and sole surface temperature were assessed by digital caliper and straightedge and thermography, respectively. No significant differences in baseline parameters were observed between N and Z conditions. After exercise, arch height and arch height ratio significantly reduced in N conditions, but not in Z conditions. Central sole surface temperature in Z conditions also increased significantly, and the changes in surface temperature were significantly higher in Z conditions than in N conditions. Therefore, these findings suggest that exercise with single-tooth sandals has a positive effect on a suppressing decline in medial longitudinal arch and an elevation in sole surface temperature.

著者

石井 好二郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.39, 2023 (Released:2023-01-15)

著者

池袋 敏博 久保 啓太郎 岡田 純一 矢田 秀昭 角田 直也

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.4, pp.401-411, 2011 (Released:2011-08-30)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

7 7

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This study aimed to investigate the differences in the development of muscle thickness (MT) in the lower limbs with specific sports-event training. Furthermore, the relationship between MT of the lower limbs for weightlifters and sprinters and their competition performances (total weight lifted and 100m sprint times) was examined. Subjects were 64 males divided into 3 groups: weightlifters (n=20), sprinters (n=20), and untrained subjects as controls (n=24). The MT{relative to (body weight)1/3}of knee extensors (KE), knee flexors (KF), plantar flexors (PF) and dorsi flexors (DF) was measured at 21 sites (proximal, middle and distal) along the length of the upper and lower leg by B-mode ultrasound. The MT of KE for weightlifters was significantly greater than that for sprinters and controls, while the MT of KF and PF for sprinters was significantly greater than that for weightlifters and controls. The MT of rectus femoris (RF), vastus intermedius (VI), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) for weightlifters was significantly greater than that for sprinters and controls, while the MT of RF and VM for sprinters was greater than that of controls. On the other hand, the MT of KE for weightlifters and sprinters (especially VM) correlated significantly with competition performances. These results indicated that squatting affected the MT of KE except for RF while sprinting affected the MT of KF and PF. It was also concluded that the MT of KE for weightlifters and sprinters (particularly VM) was related to their competition performances.

著者

鈴木 基文

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.31, 2023 (Released:2023-01-15)

著者

利光 孝之 牧野 聖也 北條 研一 鈴木 良雄 仲村 明 高梨 雄太 鯉川 なつえ 長門 俊介 櫻庭 景植 竹田 和由 奥村 康 澤木 啓祐

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.161-172, 2023-04-01 (Released:2023-03-13)

参考文献数

30

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ingesting yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (OLL1073R-1) on the immune function of healthy university men track and field athletes. Study design Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. A total of 37 track and field athletes aged ≥18 years were randomly assigned into two groups. For 2 weeks, two bottles of yogurt fermented with OLL1073R-1 and Streptococcus thermophilus OLS3059 or placebo sour milk were ingested daily to the participants. During the intake period, a 1-week training camp was held and participants were subjected to strenuous exercise. Natural killer (NK) cell activity, which is the primary endpoint, was significantly lower in the placebo group after ingestion than that at baseline; however, it remained unchanged during the pre-exercise level of the yogurt group. The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed an interaction effect in the NK cell activity change (P=0.018) and a significant difference between the groups after the 2-week ingestion (P=0.015). Among the secondary endpoints, cytokines and chemokines levels involved in activating innate immunity maintained or enhanced only in the yogurt group. ALT, LDH, and CK significantly elevated only in the placebo group. Furthermore, amino acid levels were significantly lower in the placebo group after ingestion than that at baseline; however, it remained unchanged during the pre-exercise level in the yogurt group. Consuming yogurt fermented with OLL1073R-1 prevents the decline in immune function associated with strenuous exercise. Additionally, the yogurt may contribute to stable physical condition.

著者

山田 陽介 木村 みさか 中村 榮太郎 増尾 善久 小田 伸午

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.5, pp.461-472, 2007-10-01 (Released:2007-11-22)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

17 12

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Although skeletal muscle mass decreases with aging, its decrease rate may differ among parts of the body. There have been few studies examining the differences in the muscle mass decrease rate between proximal and distal parts of the limbs or between the left and right legs in a large population. Bioelectrical impedance (BI) index, calculated as the ratio of the square of segment length to impedance, is linearly correlated with the muscle mass calculated by MRI (r=0.902-0.976, p<0.05, Miyatani et al., 2001) in the limb segments. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the decrease rate of muscle mass between the proximal and distal parts of the limbs and between the upper and lower limbs in healthy Japanese. The BI index was measured in the bilateral thighs, lower legs, upper arms, and forearms of 1006 healthy Japanese men and women (aged 15-97 years). While the BI index decreased with aging in all examined parts of the body, the decrease rate was larger in the lower limb than in the upper limb, and in the thigh than in the lower leg. The percentage of people who showed a difference of more than 10 % in the BI index between the left and right lower limbs was significantly higher in the elderly than in young subjects. These differences in the decrease rate of muscle mass between limbs may be associated with decreases in physical functions in the elderly.

著者

井原 拓哉 秋本 剛 大林 弘宗 山中 悠紀 浦辺 幸夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.357-362, 2010 (Released:2010-09-15)

参考文献数

15

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Decrease in the hip extension range of motion (HE-ROM) can cause lumbar hyperlordosis. Hyperlordosis is one of the mechanisms underlying low back pain. A diagnosis of low back pain from hyperlordosis can be used to detect the area in which hyperlordosis occurs more easily—the upper or lower lumbar spine. Twenty-one men were recruited for this study. HE-ROM was measured manually. Lumbar alignment was measured on a bed in a prone position. We extended the subject's hip by bending the bed at 4 angles (0°, 10°, 15°, 30°) and measured the spinal alignment by using a SpinalMouse. The results showed that lumbar lordosis increased at the bed angles of 15°and 30°. Only when the bed angle was changed from 0° to 30°, the increased angle of the lumbar spine was negatively correlated to the HE-ROM (r=-0.46, p<0.05), particularly that of the lower lumbar spine (r=-0.47, p<0.05). These findings suggested that lower lumbar lordosis tends to increase in individuals with poor HE-ROM. Additionally, increase in lower lumbar lordosis is attributed to the tendency to have low back pain in the lower lumbar spine.

著者

岡崎 和伸

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.47, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

著者

八幡 薫 佐藤 成 清野 涼介 稲葉 和貴 須藤 重樹 平泉 翔 中村 雅俊

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.157-164, 2020-02-01 (Released:2020-01-21)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

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It is well known that eccentric exercise induces muscle damage that is characterized by a prolonged decrease in muscle strength and range of motion, development of delayed onset muscle soreness. The previous studies showed that hold-relax stretching (HRS) was effective for improving the decreases in range of motion and muscle soreness. In addition, modified proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (mPNF) was an equally effective for HRS. However, it was unclear whether there are differences between acute effects of HRS and mPNF on muscle strength and muscle soreness in eccentrically damaged muscle. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the acute effects of HRS with those of mPNF on muscle strength and soreness in eccentrically damaged muscle. The participants comprised 40 volunteers randomly assigned to either the HRS group (N = 20) or the mPNF group (N = 20). Initially, the participants of both groups performed 60 maximal eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. Two days after this exercise, each group performed either HRS or mPNF for 60 s at a time and repeated them six times for a total of 360 s. Muscle strength and soreness during stretching and contraction were measured before and immediately after HRS and mPNF. The results showed that the muscle soreness observed after eccentric contraction significantly decreased immediately after both HRS and mPNF. In addition, there were no significant changes in muscle strength immediately after both HRS and mPNF. These results suggest that while both HRS and mPNF can effectively decrease muscle soreness without reducing performance.

著者

萩原 正大 山本 正嘉

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.327-341, 2011 (Released:2011-07-12)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

5 5

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We simulated mountain climbing using walking on a treadmill in order to systematically evaluate the physical load during mountain climbing. The conditions of three types of load-(1) inclination of the walking path (walking uphill and downhill), (2) walking speed, and (3) backpack weight-were varied within the range assumed for normal mountain climbing (40 sets of conditions in total). When the three types of load were expressed as vertical work rate, energy expenditure (VO2) during walking uphill and downhill was distributed along roughly the same curve. The following characteristics of walking uphill and downhill were observed.A. Walking uphillFor all three types of load, increase in load gave a linear increase in VO2 and heart rate (HR). A lactate threshold (LT) appeared at an intensity of 62%VO2max, when HR was 78% HRmax. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated for the “Breathlessness” and “Leg Fatigue”, and both of these increased roughly in proportion to %VO2max.B. Walking downhillWhen walking downhill, VO2 was 35-50% the intensity of VO2 when walking uphill on the same slope and at the same speed. Energy expenditure did not exceed 60%VO2max in any of the load conditions, and no LT was seen. RPE values were higher for walking downhill than walking uphill, even when %VO2max values were the same. RPE values for the “Leg Fatigue” tended to be higher than for the “Breathlessness” at the same speed in downhill walking.Using these data, we created a table giving the intensity of exercise of mountain climbing expressed as VO2 per unit body mass and metabolic equivalents (Mets) with vertical migration velocity and total weight (Body weight + Backpack weight) as variables. This table gives mountain climbers a systematic understanding of the physical load under various mountain climbing conditions. It is likely to be of use as a reference for mountain climbers of different levels of physical fitness when practicing mountain climbing appropriate to their individual level. The present results suggest that in downhill walking, it is insufficient to express the physical load in energy expenditure (VO2 and Mets) alone, and the load on the leg muscles must also be judged using the RPE in the “Leg Fatigue”.

著者

武者 春樹 藤谷 博人 油井 直子 立石 圭祐 谷田部 かなか 寺脇 史子

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.69, 2014 (Released:2014-01-24)

著者

小泉 潤 泉 主馬 大家 利之

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.355-365, 2022-08-01 (Released:2022-07-12)

参考文献数

32

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It has been suggested that inspiratory muscles fatigue impairing blood flow to the active limb muscle via respiratory muscle metaboreflex. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle fatigue on exercise performance and muscle tissue oxygenation in high-intensity exercise takes about 3.5~5min. Eleven healthy males subjects performed two conditions of constant-load exercise to exhaustion (TTE) on a cycle ergometer at 100% of maximal oxygen uptake. The two conditions—inspiratory muscle fatiguing (IMF) and non-fatiguing (PLA) —which had different intensity inspiratory resistance breathing (IRB) were performed before exercise. Muscle tissue oxygenations were measured by deoxyhemogrobin (HHb), oxygen saturation index (StO2) from right vastus lateralis during TTE. All data were analyzed from nine subjects whose inspiratory muscle were fatigued by IRB in IMF. Results: TTE was significantly shorter in IMF compare to PLA (244±31s vs. 268±38s, p<0.05). HHb was significantly higher and StO2 was significantly lower in IMF than in PLA (p<0.05). Conclusion: High-intensity exercise completed in 3.5~5 minutes, it was suggested that inspiratory muscle fatigue reduced the oxygen deriver to active limb muscle, resulting in decrease exercise performance. Improving function of inspiratory muscles, such as in inspiratory muscle training, may improve oxygenation of the active limb muscle and enhance exercise performance.

著者

原田 和弘 村上 晴香 宮地 元彦 近藤 徳彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.105-116, 2019-04-01 (Released:2019-03-16)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

6

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This study aimed to develop affective experience, attitude, and behavioral intention scales for exercise, and examine their associations with exercise behavior. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 individuals aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. The survey measured respondents’ affective experiences, attitude, behavioral intention, exercise behavior, and demographic factors. The same survey was conducted 2 weeks (n = 345) and 1 year later (n = 338). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that the factor structures of the affective experience (2 factors: 3 items each for positive experience and negative experience), attitude (2 factors: 3 items each for affective attitudes and instrumental attitudes), and behavioral intention scales (2 factors: 4 items each for intention to maintain behavior and intention to overcome barriers) were acceptable. For these scales, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from 0.69 to 0.92, Pearson’s correlation coefficients for baseline and 2-week follow-up ranged from 0.51 to 0.81, and Cohen’s d values for the associations with exercise behavior ranged from 0.46 to 0.98. After adjusting for demographic factors and exercise behavior at baseline, structural equation modeling showed that an affective attitude toward exercise at baseline significantly predicted exercise behavior at 1-year follow-up (standardized coefficient = 0.27), and that the affective attitude was predominantly explained by the positive affective experience of exercise (standardized coefficient = 0.80). The results confirmed the validities and reliabilities of the scales. Positive affective experiences and affective attitudes may be important determinants of exercise behavior.

著者

田中 喜代次 吉村 隆喜

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.285-288, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-05-12)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

河谷 正光

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.62-66, 1955-07-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1