著者

間野 忠明

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.130-135, 1994-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

著者

青山 敏之 阿江 数通 相馬 寛人 宮田 一弘 梶田 和宏 奈良 隆章 川村 卓

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.91-100, 2021

被引用文献数

2

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<p>The yips represent a disorder that makes it challenging for an individual to perform automatic and coordinated movements in sports activities. The cause of the yips is not sufficiently clarified, and limited information is available regarding throwing yips in baseball. Therefore, this study was designed to clarify the incidence and characteristics of the throwing yips among college baseball players. Total 107 players of the college baseball team participated in the study and completed the questionnaire by answering questions about their experience of the yips (loss of control to throw the ball accurately for more than 1 month), the symptom intensity, and changes observed in the symptoms in different situations. The 47.1% of players met the definition of throwing yips. The symptoms of the yips were more pronounced with short-distances and low intensity of throwing. Moreover, there were various subjective symptoms, such as the issue about co-contraction of the upper limb, sensory function, body ownership, and movement planning. Various physical symptoms associated with throwing yips suggest that the yips are not only a disorder of motor skills, but result from movement disorders. The present results show that the occurrence of the yips depends on the throwing condition; this finding provides useful insights into the mechanism and the treatment of the yips. Interdisciplinary studies that aim to elucidate the cause of the yips and develop effective intervention are necessary.</p>

著者

内田 昌孝 小柳 えり 小野寺 昇 矢野 博己

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.92, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

著者

綾田 練 白木 仁 福田 崇 竹村 雅裕 向井 直樹 宮川 俊平

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.125-130, 2007-02-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 3

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathologic changes of jumper's knee before and after jumping and effects of icing after jumping. Sixteen healthy college students and sixteen collegiate volleyball players with jumper's knee were divided into two groups by eight, without icing group and with icing group after jumping exercise. Without icing groups rested for 20 minutes, while with icing groups were treated with ice for 20 minutes after eighty times of jumping. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and sectional area of patellar tendon with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the tenderness of patellar tendon with visual analog scale were measured before and after exercise, following with or without icing and 24 and 48 hours later from the treatment. In jumper's knee group, significant increase was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon, and tenderness of patellar tendon after exercise compared to before exercise. In addition, in jumper's knee with icing group, significant decrease was found in the SNR, sectional area of patellar tendon after icing and 24 and 48 hours after icing, and the tenderness of patellar tendon after icing compared to after exercise. These results suggested that icing was an effective treatment for jumper's knee after exercise.

著者

下光 輝一

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.12, 2013 (Released:2013-02-14)

著者

森山 雅 幸 篤武

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.257-268, 2021-08-01 (Released:2021-07-15)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

---

The aims were to investigate the changes in physical activity of university students after the COVID-19 emergency declaration was lifted, and to determine whether there were any differences in these changes between academic years. The subjects were 81 students attending university or graduate school in Kochi Prefecture who completed a baseline survey (May 2020). Analysis 1, included 51 subjects who responded to both the baseline survey and the retrospective survey (October 2020) on physical activity at 1 year prior. In Analysis 2, 71 subjects who participated in at least one follow-up examination (August 2020, November 2020) were included. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Long Form was used to assess physical activity and sitting time per week. Between October 2019 and May 2020, the total (-47.7%), vigorous (-59.3%) and moderate (-42.1%) physical activity decreased, and sitting time (+36.9%) increased. The interaction between the time of the survey and year of university (first-year, ≥second-year), analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model, on total, vigorous, walking physical activity and sitting time was significant. Especially, the estimate of least squares mean after inverse square root transformation of total physical activity in first-year students was higher in November 2020 (8192.4 METs·min/week) compared to baseline (3388.5 METs·min/week). Vigorous physical activity in first-year students was also higher in November 2020 (4773.3 METs·min/week) compared to baseline (1060.3 METs·min/week). The emergency declaration in April 2020 inhibited physical activity among university students, and the impact was particularly strong among first-year students.

著者

遠藤 隆志 中島 剛 坂本 将基 塩澤 伸一郎 小宮山 伴与志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.269-278, 2006-04-01 (Released:2007-05-10)

参考文献数

38

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It has recently demonstrated that central fatigue during sustained maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) progresses faster in the presence of delayed onset muscle soreness due to eccentric contractions than in normal states (Endoh et al., 2005). However, it remains to be clarified whether these findings are related to muscle damage or muscle pain induced by eccentric contractions. The present study investigated which factor plays a more critical role in the earlier onset of central fatigue during sustained MVC with muscle pain induced by injecting hypertonic saline. Ten healthy male right-handed subjects (age, 21~32 yrs.) were asked to perform brief MVCs (~3 sec) before and after injection of isotonic saline (0.9%, 1.0 ml, ISO) or hypertonic saline (5.25%, 1.0 ml, HYP) into the left biceps brachii. The subjects then performed 1 min MVC (fatigue test) with isometric elbow flexion was done in ISO or HYP condition or intact control condition (CON). During these contractions, transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered to the contralateral motor cortex to evaluate voluntary activation (VA), the motor evoked potential (MEP) and electromyographic (EMG) silent period (SP). Ratio of root mean square of the EMG and elbow flexion force (EMGrms/F) was also measured.The peak pain induced by the injection of HYP was significantly higher than that of ISO (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in either the maximum size of the M response or the twitch force between ISO and HYP (p>0.05). However, during the brief MVCs, both maximal force (p<0.01) and VA (p<0.05) for HYP were significantly decreased compared to those for ISO. During the fatigue test, although MVC, VA, MEP and SP were significantly altered (p<0.05~0.01), there was no significant difference among CON, ISO and HYP (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in EMGrms during the fatigue test (p>0.05).These results suggest that peripheral force-producing capacity remained intact after the injection of ISO and HYP during sustained MVC, and that progression of central fatigue during sustained MVC was less affected by the increased group III and IV afferent activity induced by HYP.

著者

小川 宣子 藤林 真美 七山(田中) 知佳 西脇 雅人

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, pp.455-465, 2017-12-01 (Released:2017-11-28)

参考文献数

49

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The present study aimed to examine the effects of community-based intervention on cognitive function and hand finger dexterity in older adults at different levels of time to go out. Forty men and women (age, 73 ± 1 years) participated in supervised group activity and seated exercise for 60 min per session, once each week during an 8-week intervention. The participants wore an activity monitor for 1 week to determine baseline values and for the 8 weeks of intervention. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and pegboard test, which is related to cognitive function, were assessed before and after the intervention. Based on the total time to go out at baseline, the participants were assigned to Control group (> 60 min/day, n = 18) or Short group (≦ 60 min /day, n = 22), and then analyzed. After the 8 weeks of intervention, the Control and Short groups improved physical fitness parameters such as handgrip strength. Although MMSE in the both groups did not reach statistically significant level, these values tended to increase slightly from the baseline. Interestingly, two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated significant interaction of pegboard test, and the score significantly increased only in the Short group. Total physical activity and moderate-vigorous physical activity in the both groups did not change significantly between the baseline and intervention periods. Therefore, these results suggest that the trainability of pegboard test, which is an index of hand finger dexterity and is related to cognitive function, would differ depending on the time to go out at baseline in older adults.

著者

鈴木 重行

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.13, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

著者

下山 寛之

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.5, pp.357-364, 2018-10-01 (Released:2018-09-25)

参考文献数

74

被引用文献数

1

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In this review, the energy metabolism and body composition in athletes are discussed on the basis of an energy balance study using a doubly labeled water method. In athletes, the energy expenditure induced by sports activities widely differs according to the type of sports event. In addition, the physical activity of athletes can reach more than twice the basal metabolic rate throughout the sports season. It may be also more than three times depending on the duration of the tournament and/or the training camp. Thus, the event type, and training time and intensity must be considered when estimating the energy requirement of athletes.

著者

能瀬 さやか

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.101, 2020 (Released:2020-01-21)

著者

後藤 一成

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.14, 2019 (Released:2019-01-17)

著者

森 博康 徳田 泰伸

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.3, pp.207-218, 2021-06-01 (Released:2021-05-13)

参考文献数

26

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To evaluate the effectiveness of a 24-week nutritional supplementation program involving whey protein intake after resistance exercise in treatment of sarcopenia and quality of life (QOL) among older women with sarcopenia, we carried out a pilot study, randomized controlled trial among elderly individuals with sarcopenia, aged 65-years or older, who were allocated to three groups: exercise and whey protein supplementation (Ex+Whey) group, exercise (Ex) group, and whey protein supplementation (Whey) group. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for sarcopenia 2014 criteria, as follows: low hand-grip strength (<18.0 kg) or slow gait speed (<0.8m/sec), and low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI, <5.7kg/m2). A 24-week program of resistance exercise, carried out twice per week, was combined with whey protein supplementation, involving 11.0 g of protein and 2,300 mg of leucine. After the 24-week intervention period, the Ex+Whey group (n=20) showed a decrease in sarcopenia, lower SMI, lower grip strength, and increase in physical QOL score (sarcopenia; p=0.004, SMI and grip strength; p=0.008, QOL; p=0.027). After the 24-week intervention period, the Whey group (n=20) showed a decrease in sarcopenia and lower SMI (all p=0.017). The Ex-group (n=19) did not show a decrease in sarcopenia, lower SMI, and lower grip strength. These results suggest that resistance exercise and whey protein intake in older women with sarcopenia, on the multiple outcome measures such as improves lower SMI, lower grip strength, and physical QOL. However, there were no between-group differences in the change from the pre- to the post-intervention period at 24 weeks in the lower SMI and lower grip strength. In this study, the intervention effect of Ex+Whey could not be clearly shown in the outcome measures.

著者

山田 実

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.150, 2016 (Released:2016-01-24)

著者

宮下 政司 柏原 杏子

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, pp.367-373, 2016-08-01 (Released:2016-07-15)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1

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Energy balance plays an important role in weight control. Ghrelin is known to stimulate food intake, while peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) are known to suppress food intake. These appetite-related hormones are affected by behaviours such as exercise and mastication. Increasing the number of times food is chewed during a standard meal suppresses ghrelin secretion and food intake. The intensity of exercise is more strongly related to the secretion of total ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, PYY3-36 and food intake than the duration or mode of exercise. This review summarises the effects of exercise and mastication on appetite-related hormones and/or energy intake.

著者

紙上 敬太 樽味 孝

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.239-247, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-05-12)

参考文献数

52

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The global pandemic of childhood physical inactivity and the associated reduction in physical fitness have become the major health problem. Based on such background, there is growing interest in child development research to investigate the associations among physical fitness, cognitive function, and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. In the present narrative review, we first summarize the findings from behavioral studies that examined the relations of childhood fitness to academic performance and executive function. Because these behavioral findings remain controversial due to methodological inconsistencies, we further discuss differences in independent variables (e.g., physical activity vs. fitness), confounders (e.g., socioeconomic status), study designs (e.g., cross-sectional vs. randomized controlled trial), and assessments used to measure academic performance and executive function (e.g., task difficulty). Subsequently, we introduce neuroimaging studies on brain volume, task-evoked brain activation, and white matter fiber integrity which may provide mechanistic insights into the behavioral observations. To date, several randomized controlled trials using advanced imaging techniques showed that regular physical activity may change brain activations during executive function tasks and improve white matter fiber integrity in children. Collectively, our literature review suggests that regular physical activity leading to increase in physical fitness is likely to contribute to healthy brain development. Nevertheless, the current evidence is still limited and inconclusive, thus further rigorously designed randomized controlled trails are needed to clarify the association between childhood fitness and brain development.

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.6, pp.520-521, 2013 (Released:2013-12-15)

著者

栗原 俊之 寺田 昌史 伊坂 忠夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.102, 2020

著者

髙橋 英幸

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.128, 2016 (Released:2016-01-24)

著者

眞下 苑子 吉田 成仁 森脇 龍 竹上 綾香 藁科 侑希 永井 智 大西 信三 白木 仁

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.79-89, 2021-02-01 (Released:2021-01-13)

参考文献数

41

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the injury patterns and risk factors of injuries among high school handball players in Japan. A total of 1299 (709 male and 590 female) subjects who played in the 2018 Japanese National High School Handball Championship participated in this study. The questionnaire on injury experience was distributed two weeks before the championship and was collected at the representation meeting the day before the championship. The main results were as follows: 1) The subjects (n=625, 48.1%) reported experiences of injuries in the previous year. Female had significantly more suffer injuries than male. 2) The main body parts of injuries were the ankle, knee, and finger in traumatic injuries and the lower leg, lumber spine/lower back, and knee in overuse injuries. The main types of injuries were sprain, ligamentous rupture, and fracture in traumatic injuries and stress fracture, other bone injuries, and lesion of meniscus or cartilage in overuse injuries. The main cause of injuries was “contact with another athlete”. 3) Age, female players, and back players were associated with increased the occurrences of injuries. Goalkeepers were associated with decreased the occurrences of injuries. These results indicated that a high prevalence of injuries in high school handball players, and it is important to take preventive measures based on age, gender, and player position.