著者

及川 英秋

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.7, pp.635, 2019 (Released:2019-07-01)

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医薬品として注目を集めてきた天然物の生合成は、従来とは異なった天然物供給法として脚光を浴びている。設計図を用いた天然物の合成法の現況と今後の展望を紹介する。

著者

近藤 平三郎 鈴木 衡平 里見 政吉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.9, pp.369-374, 1941

著者

堤 竹蔵 今井 俊吾 山田 勝久 山田 武宏 笠師 久美子 小林 正紀 井関 健

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.7, pp.1055-1061, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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Linezolid (LZD), an antimicrobial agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrates good bone and joint penetration, and is used for prosthetic bone and joint infections. Recently, we observed vomiting in several patients administered LZD. However, there are few reports on the incidence rate of, and risk factors for, LZD-induced nausea and vomiting. In this study, we aimed to verify the relationship between LZD administration and vomiting. Patients administered LZD at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Hokkaido University Hospital between November 2008 and December 2017 were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was the comparison of the vomiting rate between patients administered LZD (LZD group) and those administered other antibiotics (non-LZD group). For the secondary endpoint, to verify the risk factors of vomiting, a univariate logistic regression analysis was performed. In total, 130 patients were included in this study; 77 patients in the LZD group, and 53 in the non-LZD group. Vomiting occurred in 18 patients in the LZD group and 4 patients in the non-LZD group (23.4% and 7.5%, respectively); this was significantly higher in the LZD group. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, LZD administration, gender (female), age ≥65 years, renal impairment (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min) and concomitant use of rifampicin were extracted as potential risk factors of vomiting. The results of this study reveal a possible relationship between LZD administration and vomiting.

著者

鈴木 理珠 鈴木 匡 菊池 千草

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.7, pp.1047-1054, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3

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In 2015, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare released a report on the need for pharmacies to support public health, although the details of such a service was left to each pharmacy. Consequently, pharmacists had to determine the nature of such services. We considered the services that pharmacists could offer to improve people's lifestyles. This study tests such a service at a pharmacy. We prepared a lifestyle self-review test. From September 2015 to February 2016, pharmacists interviewed members of the community using the test, and pharmacists at 50 pharmacies in Aichi prefecture, Japan, set goals for lifestyle improvement. We analyzed 289 tests. The number of people who had a dietary goal concerning snacking was reduced from 19 people who snacked every day to 11. The number of people who had a goal to reduce their drinking was reduced from 7 people who drank every day to 4. The number of people who had an exercise goal was reduced from 17 people who did not exercise every day to 7. The people who had a sleep goal increased the number of days in which they got adequate rest. Those who had specific, tangible goals for walking achieved their goal at a higher rate than did those who had a goal but no tangible elements, such as time spent or number of steps achieved. Overall, the lifestyle self-review at the pharmacy was effective for lifestyle improvement. Pharmacists should help people set goals with tangible elements to improve their lifestyle more effectively.

著者

松林 貞太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1909, no.329, pp.818-826, 1909

被引用文献数

1

著者

鈴木 嘉治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.8, pp.817, 2018 (Released:2018-08-01)

参考文献数

4

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抗がん薬誘発性の悪心嘔吐は,担癌患者に苦痛を伴わせ,患者のquality of lifeや治療への参加意志を損なうものである.多くの臨床試験により,コルチコステロイド,5-HT3受容体拮抗薬,NK1受容体拮抗薬およびオランザピンが抗がん薬誘発性の悪心嘔吐の制御に有用であることが示されてきたものの,その制御は完全には克服されておらず,現在でも多くの検証研究が進行中である.サリドマイド(thalidomide:THD)が多様な薬理効果を示すことは既知であるが,近年では抗がん薬誘発性の悪心嘔吐に対する制吐薬としての有用性が示されつつある.そこで本稿では,高度催吐性リスク抗がん薬の投与を受けた患者における遅発期(抗がん薬投与25〜120時間後)の悪心嘔吐の制御を目的として,THDを制吐薬として併用した場合の効果および安全性について第3相試験により検証したZhangらの研究を紹介する.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Sommariva S. et al., Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol., 99, 13-36(2016).2) Rojas C. et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 684, 1-7(2012).3) Navari R. M. et al., N. Engl. J. Med., 375, 134-142(2016).4) Zhang L. et al., J. Clin. Oncol., 35, 3558-3565(2017).

著者

福井 裕行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.1, pp.15-25, 2007-01-01 (Released:2007-01-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

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Histamine H1 receptors are down-regulated as one step in receptor desensitization. Five phosphorylation sites of the H1 receptor seem to play a key role in receptor down-regulation. In contrast, an increase in the H1 receptor expression level following its mRNA elevation was found in the nasal mucosa in hypersensitivity model rats. Up-regulation of the H1 receptor was induced by the direct stimulation of the H1 receptor. H1 receptor up-regulation was suppressed by pretreatment with antiallergic agents.

著者

山﨑 寛之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.5, pp.663-672, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

49

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Marine environments offer a rich source of natural products with potential therapeutic applications because the ocean covers 70% of the earth's surface and approximately 80% of all living organisms live in the sea. Therefore we have investigated bioactive compounds from marine organisms such as marine sponges, ascidians, and marine-derived microorganisms. This review consists of two topics based on marine natural product chemistry. (1) Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B plays a key role as a negative regulator in the insulin and leptin signaling pathways. Accordingly, the development of PTP1B inhibitors is expected to provide new drugs for type 2 diabetes and obesity. We have been searching for new types of PTP1B inhibitors among marine organisms and identified various PTP1B inhibitors from marine sponges and fungi. This review presents their structural diversities and unique biological properties. (2) In the course of our studies on the induced production of new fungal metabolites, the Palauan marine-derived fungus, Trichoderma cf. brevicompactum TPU199, was found to produce the unusual epipolythiodiketopiperazines, gliovirin and pretrichodermamide A. Long-term static fermentation of the strain induced production of a new dipeptide, dithioaspergillazine A, whereas fermentation of the strain with NaCl, NaBr, and NaI produced the Cl and Br derivatives of pretrichodermamide A and a new iodinated derivative, iododithiobrevamide, respectively. Moreover, DMSO-added seawater medium induced the production of diketopiperazine with the unprecedented trithio-bridge, chlorotrithiobrevamide. This fermentation study on the strain as well as the structures of the metabolites obtained are described in this review.

著者

竹野 芳次郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1919, no.454, pp.1066-1067, 1919

著者

藤原 将寿 宮川 伸 中村 義一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.12, pp.1232-1236, 2006

参考文献数

7

著者

西山 道久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.67, 2010

著者

中村 恵美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.7, pp.706-708, 2018

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(株)リボミックはアプタマー医薬の研究開発を専門とする、東京大学発のバイオベンチャーである。一本鎖の核酸であるアプタマーは、それ自体で様々な形を作り、疾患の原因となっているたんぱく質などの分子に結合し、その働きを阻害することで疾患を治療する。本稿では、当社技術の概要をご説明するとともに、現在、加齢黄斑変性症等を適応症として治験の準備を進めているRBM-007についてご紹介する。

著者

平居 貴生 髙木 三千代 中島 健一 井上 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.6, pp.861-866, 2019-06-01 (Released:2019-06-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

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Brown adipose tissue is a critical regulator of metabolic health, and contributes to thermogenesis by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation through the action of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). Recent studies have shown that cold exposure and the stimulation of β3-adrenergic receptors induce the development of brown cell-like “beige” adipocytes in white adipose tissue. Brown and/or beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis suppresses high-fat diet-associated obesity. Therefore, the development of brown/beige adipocytes may prevent obesity and metabolic diseases. In the present study, we elucidated whether naturally occurring compounds contribute to regulating the cellular differentiation of brown/beige adipocytes. We screened for the up-regulated expression of Ucp1 during beige adipogenesis using extracts of crude herbal drugs frequently used in Kampo prescriptions (therapeutic drugs in Japanese traditional medicine). This screening revealed that the extract prepared from Citri Unshiu Pericarpium [the peel of Citrus unshiu (Swingle) Marcov.] increased the expression of Ucp1 in beige adipocytes. We also focused on the function of clock genes in regulating brown/beige adipogenesis. Therefore, another aim of the present study was to evaluate naturally occurring compounds that regulate brain and muscle Arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) gene expression. In this review, we focus on naturally occurring compounds that affect regulatory processes in brown/beige adipogenesis, and discuss better preventive strategies for the management of obesity and other metabolic disorders.

著者

森田 邦正

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.185-190, 1987-06-30 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 1

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The daily intakes of dietary fiber (DF) for the period from 1949 to 1984 were calculated according to national nutrition survey in Japan. The daily intake of DF had gradually decreased during the period from 1949 (17.9 g) to 1984 (14.2 g). The daily intake of cellulose, had slightly decreased during the period from 1949 (8.5 g) to 1970 (6.8 g) and its recent intake was 7.6 g. The daily intake of hemicellulose, which had decreased during the period from 1949 (5.7 g) to 1965 (4.0 g), was about 4.1 g after 1965. The daily intake of lignin, which showed a certain trend during the period from 1949 (3.7 g) to 1971 (3.8 g), suggested a remarkable decrease after 1972. The DF intakes of 12 individuals aged from 30 to 50 years were determined by duplicate collection of food consumed for three successive days. The individual intake of DF was varied from 6.6 g to 16.5 g per day. The average intake and standard deviation was 10.7±1.6 g. A correlation between DF consumption and the death rate of colon cancer from 1950 to 1984 was apparent (γ=-0.739, p<0.01). A negative correlation existed between the intake of hemicellulose and lignin and the death rate of colon cancer (γ=-0.689 and γ=-0.918). A correlation between DF consumption and the death rate of rectum cancer was highly significant (γ=-0.793, p<0.01). A negative correlation existed also between the intake of hemicellulose and lignin and the death rate of rectum cancer (γ=-0.786 and γ=-0.895).

著者

木村 健

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.2, pp.245-256, 2007-02-01 (Released:2007-02-01)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 3

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Pharmacist can make an impact on patients' quality of life by providing clinical interventions. These interventions are to be shared with other healthcare professionals and to be utilized to improve quality of care. As an attempt to provide a better care, pharmacists are making patients' record that contains patients' medical history, laboratory values, and conditions. These services are reimbursed by insurance. However, there are some concerns regarding fees for services provided by pharmacists; i.e., fees for patients' instructions are too expensive. One of the problems could be the fact that pharmacist-generated patients' record is not used or utilized by other healthcare personals and it is used only for the purpose of getting reimbursed. Therefore, it is necessary for pharmacists to realize the real purpose of making patients' record and create patients' records that will allow other healthcare professionals to make better therapeutic decisions. Such patients' record should have following characteristics: 1) The record to accomplish the systemic patient care management; 2) The record to share information in the team of medical treatment; 3) The record to define the pharmacist's role in the patient care; 4) The record that is available for the education of the pharmacist's problem-solving abilities; and 5) The record that can be disclosed to the patient and can be a legal basis. Thus, pharmacists should acquire the skills to make higher quality record. In this context, the pharmacy school should cooperate with hospital and community pharmacists, in order to establish education systems for development of these skills.

著者

中山 晋介 寺本 英已

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.10, pp.1345-1354, 2016 (Released:2016-10-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

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The umami taste amino acid, glutamate acts as a signaling molecule in multiple cellular systems in the body, including the brain and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, glutamate may affect appetite by modulating gastrointestinal motility as well as through taste perception. In this study, we examined the effect of glutamate on gastric emptying and duodenal motility, by using rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy male volunteers participated in the measurements. Abdominal coronal MR images were successively acquired after ingestion of a liquid meal with and without monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). Image analysis was performed with a homemade segment software, in which respiratory motions were cancelled automatically by minimizing an energy function, thereby allowing participants breathe freely during MRI measurements. In two out of 10 participants, gastric emptying slowed down, while in the remaining eight participants, gastric residual volume decreased to 84% without MSG, and to 73% with MSG after 60 min. The inclusion of MSG enhanced duodenal motility, judging from changes in, 1) the magnitude of the duodenal area, 2) the center of gravity, and 3) the mean velocity of the wall motions. The third parameter most significantly indicated the excitatory effect of MSG on duodenum motility (3-7 fold increase). In conclusion, the present observations of rapid MRI indicate that MSG accelerates gastric emptying by facilitating duodenal motility, at least in healthy subjects with positive responses to MSG. This suggests the possible use of MSG as a prokinetic nutrient for improving the quality of life in hospitalized patients after a clinical assessment.

著者

加藤 精一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1915, no.398, pp.431-433, 1915-04-26 (Released:2018-08-30)

著者

中瀬(高谷) 朋夏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.11, pp.1195-1199, 2013

被引用文献数

4

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&nbsp;&nbsp;The diabetes patients have been associated with an increased risk of mortality by breast cancer, and there are differences in the regimen choice and effects of breast cancer treatment between the breast cancer patients with diabetes and their nondiabetic counterparts. However, the pathophysiological relationships of diabetes and breast cancer have not yet been elucidated in detail, therefore its evaluation is strongly required to achieve novel treatment strategies for breast cancer with hyperglycemia. Extracellular circumstances of cancer cells can influence the growth and behavior, resulting in invasion, metastasis and tumor development. We demonstrated that breast cancer cells, MCF-7, cultured in hyperglycemic level significantly promotes the motile activity in comparison to normal physiological glucose level. Moreover, Zn²⁺ uptake activity into cellular cytosol and the mRNA expression of zinc transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10, in the high glucose-exposed cells were shown to be especially higher than in the physiological glucose level. The depletion of intracellular Zn²⁺ by zinc chelation and ZIP6 or ZIP10 knockdown blocked the high migration activity, indicating that Zn²⁺ transported <i>via</i> ZIP6 and ZIP10 plays an essential role in the promotion of cell motility stimulated in high glucose level. These findings provide a proposing target of the novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer with hyperglycemia.<br>

著者

三浦 恭子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.225-227, 2017

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ハダカデバネズミ(naked mole-rat, <i>heterocephalusglaber</i>, デバ)は,その名の通り裸で出歯のげっ歯類である(実はよく見ると感覚毛と呼ばれる毛がまばらに生えている)(表紙写真).自然下ではエチオピア・ケニア・ソマリアの地下に,数十~数百匹の集団で生息する.ガス交換が乏しく気温が安定している地下トンネルで暮らしており,トンネル内の位置によってはかなりの低酸素(~7%)かつ高二酸化炭素(<10%)環境になる.デバは視覚が退化しており,ヘモグロビンの酸素親和性が高く,また電位依存性ナトリウムチャネル(Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel)の変異により酸への非感受性を示すことが報告されている.また,体の恒温機能はほとんど失われており,外温性で低体温(約32℃)である.研究室ではアクリルボックスをパイプで複数連結したケージを用い,温度30℃・湿度60%に調節された通常大気下で飼育を行っている.自然下では根茎を食べているが,実験飼育下ではイモ・ニンジン・リンゴ・オートミールなどを与えている.<br>デバは「真社会性」と呼ばれる分業制の社会を形成することで知られている.真社会性とは,昆虫のアリ,ハチ,シロアリなどでみられる,2世代以上が共存し繁殖個体とその繁殖を手伝う不妊個体から成る社会形態を指す.現在確認されている真社会性ほ乳類は,デバと近縁のダマラランドデバネズミだけである.コロニー内で繁殖を行うのは1匹の女王と1~3匹の王のみで,その他の個体は,生殖機能が未発達なままワーカーやソルジャーとして巣内の仕事に携わる.女王化のメカニズムは,現在のところほとんど分かっていない.我々は,MRIを用いたデバ三次元脳アトラスの作製を行い,ワーカーが女王になる際の脳内変化について解析を進めている(関ら,未発表).

著者

池田 幸弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.256-257, 2017

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名鉄名古屋駅から犬山線,犬山駅からは広見線に乗り継いで新可児まで行き,そこからさらに御嵩行ワンマン列車に乗り込み,のどかな田園風景に見とれていると間もなく明智駅に到着した.無人駅のため運転手さんに切符を手渡して下車し,ちょうど駅前に停車しているバスに乗り込んだ.バスはこの先の名鉄八百津線が2001年に廃線となったため,代替として運行されている.ここまで来るとすっかり小旅行の気分になってしまっているが,弾む気持ちをおさえながら元役場前にて下車した.