著者

渡辺 伸一 飯島 伸子 藤川 賢 渡辺 伸一

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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本報告書は、カドミウム汚染による健康披害、土壌汚染、農業被害に関する社会学的調査の研究成果をまとめたものである。カドミウム汚染は、他の重金属公害に比べて全国的に多発しているが、本調査では、中でも代表的な事例である富山県神通川流域、長崎県対馬佐須地域、群馬県安中碓氷川流域の3事例を対象とし、比較考察すると同時に、全国的状況の総合的把握を目指した。本調査は、イタイイタイ病(イ病)およびカドミウム中毒に関する公害史の試みの一つでもあるが、環境社会学的視点から、とくに、被害者、家族、地域住民、行政、医学者、研究者等の各主体による認識と対応、および、公害にかかわる被害の社会的増幅・拡大(被害構造)を、地域ごとの違いを含めて明らかにすることに留意した。報告書では、前半で富山イ病を中心とする全国状況の把握、後半の各章で各地域の歴史と現状をそれぞれ紹介する。カドミウム中毒は、骨への激甚な被害をもたらすが、より微量でもカドミウム腎症(近位尿細管障害)の原因となることが明らかになってきた。それは、土壌汚染やカドミウム汚染米等の農業被害の問題ともかかわる。そのためもあり、カドミウムによる健康被害をめぐる医学論争は、イタイイタイ病訴訟や「まきかえし」の時代から30年以上たつ現在も継続している。本調査では、この論争をめぐる社会的要因を探ると同時に、論争の背後での被害者への影響を確認した。

著者

片岡 弘勝

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.1-19, 2016-11-30

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The purpose of this article is to clarify the base and moment for generating “subjectivity” in UEHARA Senroku’s “The Dead Person and the living person” theroy, by focussing the “imminency” and “responsibility” for “The Dead Person”. This study analyzed UEHARA’s works texts and clarified the following five points.1. UEHARA proposed the idea of “subjectivity of the living person as media of The Dead Person”. This idea rinks to criticism to religion, that implies to find out the human abilities which have been preserved in the form of religion in histroy.2. In the case of being imminet by message of “The Dead Person” who was killed unjustly, “the living person” is stimulated and roaded to must to check and direct own’s living styles and standpoints of valuing. According to this UEHARA’s theory context, “subjectivity of the living person” is founded by listening the wording of “The Dead Person” intently and correctly.3. This study examined to compare UEHARA’s “subjectivity” theory with Emmanuel Lévinas’s “subjectivity” theory(discussed by UCHIDA Tatsuru). Then this study indicated the following two common factors and two different factors in both theories. One factor of the common factors is the idea that wording of “The Dead Person” directs “the living person”. The other factor is the strong intention for recognizing something”(“etwas”) that is cannot be described by present academic methods, namely “extremly complex realties” and “the dynamics and chaos of human mind”.4. One factor of the different factors is following point. Lévinas used wordings of “withdrawing one’s previous statesments”. However UEHARA used wordings of “checking and bounding one’s previous statesments relatively”. The other factor is following point. Lévinas supposed the “subjectivity” to responsibility for “The Dead Person” in relation to absolute “God”. However UEHARA supposed the “subjectivity” to responsibility for “The Dead Person” in relation to historical recognition to the oath of Shakyamuni and Nichiren in Buddhism thoughts.5. On this discussion context, the momnet of UEHARA’s “subjectivity” is “responsibility” for “The Dead Person” as absolute “The Other Being”. Further, the base of UEHARA’s “subjectivity” is the one’s recognition and standpoints for attaching importance to “reverence to human life” in severe situation that all persons are fronted the risk of being killed and becoming assistants of killers.

著者

青木 智史 出川 哲朗 長友 恒人 青木 智史 出川 哲朗 長友 恒人 AOKI Satoshi DEGAWA Tetsuro NAGATOMO Tsuneto

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.85-91, 2008-10

著者

牧野 英三

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.69-85, 1984-11-26

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It is contemplated in this issue to research into the constitution of the rhythm and intonation of the reciting or chanting of the latter half of the Kakocho, which could not afford to be referred to in the article of 1983 (XII-a), and that of the Fujumon, recital of the Kakocho chanted by the officiating priest, Daidoshi, in the early-evening period, Shoya, every day during the fortnight's ritual. The recital of the Kakocho, proceeding to the third section, gives way to a monotonous reading, one item after another read out rapidly in a monotone. The List of departed persons from the first to the 671st is recited in proper order, while the 672nd to the 3314th are read off at a stretch, some of them skipped over according to the reciter's judgment. For the part from the Meiji Period (1868-1912) up to date, covering the 3716th to the latest, all-of the departed are mentioned in proper order. The Fujumon is recited by the officiating priest, who describes what are purported by those who wish the dead the repose of their souls. It is recited in a tone peculiar but monotonous as well. What are contained in the Fujumon are prayers for both of the alive and the dead offered by all the priests participating in the religious performance, Shunie, or individuals devoting themselves to the religious service for the departed. It is a matter of interest to observe through the prayers that each of the times has Its own religious way of thikmg.

著者

高橋 豪仁

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.173-181, 2005-10

被引用文献数

2

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Japanese sport model that is characterized by strong cohesiveness, victory orientation, devotional commitment and so on, has been generated in school sport clubs. In recent years, however, the number of teenagers who do not like to be involved in such traditional sports are increasing. In this state of youth sport, a skateboarding, which is a kind of street sports, is enjoyed among young people as an alternative sport that differs from traditional and mainstream sport model in Japan. In this paper, we deal with a movement to build a skateboarding court, in which several teenage boys collected signatures-more precisely, they began campaign and delivered the petition of building a skateboarding court to the prefectural assembly and the town assembly with more than one thousand signatures collected by them. The purpose of this paper is to describe those young men's involvement with skateboarding as a form of their subculture. We also clarify the circumstances of the signature-collecting campaign and the negotiations between the skate-boarders and the town hall. Then publicness of alternative sport shall be discussed by applying Kato's theory of publicness and Kiku's idea of sport publicness to this case. What drove the skateboarders to begin the movement for building a skateboarding court was their craving for skateboarding. So far sport promotion by a local government has been justified by the conception that sport activities contribute to public welfare. In this case, however, we can see that those young skateboarders tried to establish sport publicness because of their craving to enjoy skateboarding, which is a kind of self-greed in Kato's term, 'shiri-shiyoku', though the negotiation with the town hall came to a deadlock mainly because they do not like to be enclosed in association-oriented system.

著者

広報・情報公開委員会

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

ならやま : 奈良教育大学広報誌

巻号頁・発行日

no.36, 2011-03-24

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特集 教育実習の日々~附属小学校編~教育の「ねらい」と「責任」-4週間の気づきと課題- /News 大学附置センターを再編「教育研究支援機構」発足/羅針盤 ホールスクールアプローチで取り組むESDの推進/ラボ・レター ~研究室紹介~教育心理学 豊田弘司 研究室/クローズアップ ~教員研究紹介~音楽を科学する 福井一教授/なっきょん's CLUB企画奈教のひみつ ~学内施設紹介~/ひと・あれ・これ ~卒業生紹介~教材開発に携わる堀井麻美さん/留学生レポート ハイデルベルク大学(ドイツ) 尾登勇介さん/キラリ☆奈教生 世界大会出場の附属中学校科学部をコーチとして支えた真城匠さん/ブカツ魂!バドミントン部/活躍する奈教生/キャンパスニュース/奈良に息づく仲間たち/奈教生に聞きました!教育実習で一番感動した瞬間

著者

清水 貞夫 玉村 公二彦

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.41-54, 2015-11-30

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In this article we analyzed the sociological labeling theory, especially focusing on Jane R. Mercer and also including the social climate of 1960s. According to Mercer, there are two perspectives in which mental retardation can be considered: (1) the clinical perspective and (2) the social system perspective. The clinical perspective is characterized by the simultaneous use of a medical model and a statistical model though these two models are frequently confused. She contends it is not appropriate to apply a medical model to mild mental retardation, but it is more appropriate to adopt a social system model for analyzing problems that people with mild retardation would meet in a community. She argues that from a social system perspective, mental retardation is a sociocultural phenomenon, That means that mental retardation is an achieved status in a social system and persons holding that status plays the social role designated by the social system. From Mercer’s researches at Riversides, she found that there were a disproportionately large number of black persons and Mexican American persons labeled by community agencies. She also discovered that the schools were the chief labelers. From these and other findings Mercer came to three major conclusions. The first one is that clinicians and psychologists in the community were not measuring adaptive behavior only because there were no adaptive scales available for them to use. This meant that they judged persons as persons with mental retardation almost entirely on the basis of an IQ test score. The second one is that the cut-off point of an IQ score should be lowered to 2SD below, though public schools were using the cut-off point of IQ 79 or below. Third one is that tremendous cultural biases exists in the IQ test and the test is not appropriate when used with lower class persons who do not share the same cultural traditions as the dominant Anglo American society. These conclusions lead her to develop an improved assessment test called the System of Multicultural Pluralistic Assessment (SOMPA). SOMPA includes an extensive battery of measures. SOMPA has extensively reviewed and debated, so it has not recognized as a valid assessment tool for children yet. Mercer's social system approach, however, provides us with the new perspective about intellectual disability. According to Mercer intellectual disability is not mental defect or deficiency, but a kind of devalued deviancy which is determined to be deviant by other people in the social system.

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

天平雲 : 奈良教育大学学生広報

巻号頁・発行日

vol.214, 2014-07-31

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硬式野球部・女子ハンドボール部 春季リーグ優勝おめでとうございます!/学生企画活動支援事業採択決定!/連載企画 下宿生インタビュー/イベント情報/お知らせ

著者

鳥居 春己

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.15-19, 2010-11-30

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Reproductive traits of the Japanese hare, Lepus brachyurus, were investigated with 196 hares killed either by hunting, pest control or traffic accidents in Shizuoka Prefecture from 1984 to 1993. Average weight of testis started increasing from November, and reached the peak on March, then declined gradually from March to October, and the spermatogenesis ceased both September and October. Although the average weight of ovaries showed similar changes, the change started one month later than the testis. Detectable embryo were found in the samples from February to October. Assuming that breeding season was from first copulation to the last parturition, determined by the age of leverets captured in the wild, in which the whole ages were estimated by the body weight, the duration of the breeding season could be estimated to be 276 days. Embryo size ranged from single to triplets with an average of 1.6 ±0.7. Calculated average annual reproductive potential was 10.1 young per female.

著者

北川 晴香

出版者

奈良教育大学

巻号頁・発行日

2010-03-25

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奈良教育大学修士学位論文, 学位の種類: 修士(教育学), 学位授与年月日: 平成22年3月25日

著者

小笠原 真

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.39-60, 1992-11-25

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In this paper I examine some major works of Robert K. Merton (1910- ), who is not only America's but also world's leading theorist of sociology. After a brief overview of Merton's life and achievements, I take up his concept of the "theories of the middle range", a concept which he advocated as a product of his critical reconsideration of the main achievements in sociology. I also consider Merton's methodology, particularly his "functional analysis", and his "Social Structure and Anomie" on which he concentrated with all of his youthful enthusiasm. Finally, I make a few critical remarks on Merton's theory.

著者

前田 則子 多田 純一

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.147-162, 2007-10-31

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Works of Chopin (Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin, 1810~1849) have been loved by and familiar with many people. Those whoever aim at pianists have also studied his works. Actually his music has been numerously published until now. In his lifetime, there are both his autographs and copies by his pupils. His first editions were published in France, German and Great Britain. After his death, many manuscripts have been edited in the world. Thus these editions brought about differences in various ways. As for fingering, revisers often added numbering to play well. The fingering is important for players since it influences their playing. There are several ways of fingering in a passage, and it changes not only quality and vibration of a sound but also expression of the fraise. Furthermore, it is necessary to propose suitable fingering for each person since individual hands and fingers are different in size. In the last autumn, we happened to obtain a photocopy of "Etudes op.10" in Warsaw that is one of the autographs of Chopin on which he himself made notes. In this study, we examined the fingering presented by Chopin himself and revisers in the entire parts of "Etudes op.10", and followed the alterations. From these verifications, we discuss relevancy between the fingering and piano-playing, and also significance of the fingering by Chopin.

著者

森 伸宏

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.23-32, 1998-11-10

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Private banks are required to hold as the legal reserve a fixed portion of the deposit that they accepted from the private sector during a given month. This reserve must be held as the sum of the daily deposit at the central bank during the following month. This is called the lagged reserve requirement. The officials of the Bank of Japan insist that they can control the shorトterm interest rate by using this requirement, especially by adjusting the pace at which banks accumulate the reserve. There are some studies which aim to make clear this mechanism of controlling the short-term interest rate, but they do not seem to have succeeded. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the central bank can control the short-term interest rate by adjusting the speed at which banks accumulate the required reserve under the lagged reserve requirement system. We assume that the total amount of reserve during the two consecutive periods must be equal to the required one. The model can be constructed as a game played between the central bank and a private bank. The central bank supplies the reserve while a private bank demands that. In the first period, the central bank sets the target value of the interest rate of which a private bank is not informed, and decides how much reserve she supplies and declares it. After gaining that information, a private bank decides how much reserve she demands. Then the supply and demand of reserve determine the interest rate in the first period. In the second period, as a private bank must hold the remaining part of the reserve no matter how much it costs, she demands it at the rate that the central bank decides whenever she needs, so the interest rate is fixed at thatlevel. The results are the following. The central bank can control the short-term interest rate by adjusting the speed at which a private bank accumulates the required reserve during the period, but she can succeed only when the target value of the interest rate is within some range. The central bank cannot set the interest rate too low or high.

著者

中谷 昭

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.29-34, 1991-11-25

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Myoglobin content (Mb) and enzyme activity in murine skeletal and cardiac muscles were determined. Mb in the red part of m. vastus lateralis and m. gastrocnemius was about 30 times that in the white part. Hexokinase (HK) and citrate synthase (CS) activity in the red parts was about 2.8 and 3.5 times respectively as great as those in the white parts. Mb and the enzyme activity of m. soleus were similar to those in the red parts of the two muscles. Cardiac muscle had the highest Mb and enzyme activity. There was significant correlation between Mb and HK activity (r=0.912, n=60) and between Mb and CS activity (r=0.856, n=60). The results indicate that the red part, with higher Mb, has higher oxidative capacity than the white part in the same muscle.

著者

丹 敦 渡辺 伸一

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.165-180, 2004-10-31

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Deer in Nara - "Nara-no-Shika"- inhabit the area in and around Nara Park in Nara City, the capital of Nara prefecture. In Nara, they have been protected as sacred animals of the Kasuga shrine for a long time. On the other hand, damage to crops caused by them was so serious that the villages in Nara built "Shikagaki" (Shishigaki) during the Edo period. "Shikagaki" is a piece of equipment which is made of wood, stones and mud to prevent damage to crops caused by wild animals, especially deer in the case of Nara. According to our fieldwork, ruins of "Shikagaki" still exist around Nara Park. However, there has been no study to prove where they are located. We would like to propose that the rums of "Shikagaki" are very precious reminders of Nara's heritage in the sense that they are the products of local villagers' hard work. The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution of the "Shikagaki" and their present situation.

著者

劉 麟玉

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.95-105, 2011-11

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GAO Yi-Sheng, who was an aborigine of Tsuou tribe in Taiwan, was born in 1908. His native name was Uyongu Yatauyungana, and he also had a Japanese name, Issei Yada, because Taiwan was ruled by Japan around the time. When Taiwan became a territory of Republic of China in 1945, he again changed his name to a Chinese name, GAO Yi-Sheng. Although he was arrested on a false charge as a revolter against the government in 1952 and executed in 1954, Taiwanese and Japanese scholars have considered him as one of the elite in Tsuou tribe, not only because he attempted to build an autonomous society for Taiwanese aborigines, but also because he had considerable talents for literature and music. Even when he was in prison, GAO Yi-Sheng composed many songs, as thinking of his own children and people of Tsuou tribe. It is undoubted that he was a tragic figure in the history of politics, but I would like to shed more light on his music talent. We all know that music composition needs knowledge of organizing the notes and writing them on the staves. So where and why did GAO learn the knowledge about music composition? What is characteristic of his music? In order to answer the questions, in this paper, I will examine GAO's progress in music education during his school years and analyze his compositions as well.

著者

PETKOV Kalin Plamenov

出版者

奈良教育大学

巻号頁・発行日

2020-03-25

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奈良教育大学修士学位論文, 学位の種類: 修士(教育学), 学位授与年月日: 令和2年3月25日

著者

石井 僚 中山 留美子 黒松 拓馬 廣瀬 由衣 藤井 理沙 布野 詩織 又野 裕成 宮本 真衣

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. Cultural and Social Science (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.77-85, 2019-11-29

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The present study investigated the relationships between SES (Socio-Economic Status), attachment, and help-seeking in childhood. A total of 162 elementary school students responded to a questionnaire survey that assessed SES, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and help-seeking. The results of a path analysis showed that SES is directly associated with seeking a person to get help. Regarding indirect association, the descriptive statistics and the results of a correlational test indicated a nonlinear association. In sum, while SES is positively related to attachment in children from all but the highest socio-economic groups, among children from the highest socio-economic group, attachment anxiety and avoidance are high. Furthermore, attachment anxiety is negatively related to revealing the reason for wanting help. Those results are discussed from the parenting point of view.

著者

市川 米太 長友 恒人

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.3-13, 1974-11

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In an earlier paper of this bulletin, the authors described how the thermoluminescent (TL) method may be an effective one for the dating of ancient pottery and it has an advantage over radiocarbon method. The present paper is concerned with some salient points in the development of the TL technique at our laboratory during the past 10 years. The results recently obtained from the typical potteries are shown, which contain the dating results for a series of shards from Ban-Chiang and those for a series of shards from Nara. The quartz and feldspar embedded in clay matrix have been exposed by the natural radiation since the last heating. The TL emitted from the ancient pottery is a measure of the total dose of this radiation. On the assumption that the natural dose-rate has been constant, the time elapsed since the firing of the pottery is estimated from the accumulated radiation dose and the dose per year. The TL dating used in the present investigation is the method which is known by the name of the inclusion method or the large grain method. For the estimation of the accumulated radiation dose we measured the TL of qualtz and feldspar inclusions with diameters of greater than 0.3 mm. Consequently, we could neglect the contribution from alpha particles which will only penetrate into the inclusions approximately 0.023 mm on average and are typically only from 10 to 20 % as efficient as beta or gamma radiation in the creation of TL. The environmental radiation and the radiation from the pottery itself were measured with CaSO4; Tm TL dosimeter developed by Matsushita Electric Ind. Co., Ltd.

著者

石井 僚 中山 留美子 黒松 拓馬 廣瀬 由衣 藤井 理沙 布野 詩織 又野 裕成 宮本 真衣

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. Cultural and Social Science (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.77-85, 2019-11-29

---

The present study investigated the relationships between SES (Socio-Economic Status), attachment, and help-seeking in childhood. A total of 162 elementary school students responded to a questionnaire survey that assessed SES, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and help-seeking. The results of a path analysis showed that SES is directly associated with seeking a person to get help. Regarding indirect association, the descriptive statistics and the results of a correlational test indicated a nonlinear association. In sum, while SES is positively related to attachment in children from all but the highest socio-economic groups, among children from the highest socio-economic group, attachment anxiety and avoidance are high. Furthermore, attachment anxiety is negatively related to revealing the reason for wanting help. Those results are discussed from the parenting point of view.