著者

小笠原 真 真鍋 祐子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.77-99, 1986-11-25

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Modernization in Western Europe is, according to Max Weber, based upon the rationnal spirit by Protestantism, forced by the rational, purpose-oriented attitudes in life which does not admit even incantation. According to this inductive study for "an ideal type", the shamanism is nothing but a momentary transition of relief, therefore, it cannot possibly bring about the rational, purpose-oriented attitudes in life towards any radical reforms. But in Korea, modernizing itself rapidly from 1970's to today, the shamanism cannot necessarily be assumed to be thoroughly broken down. Some conclusions in this thesis are in order; 1. According to "the traditional belief about succession of the shaman as profession" by Chijun Murayama, the temporal revision of the modernization of <traditional→rational> can be seen everywhere we investigated. 2. The shape of temporal transition changes variously in accordance of the space because <the meaning> in that people find in the exorcism by the main callings in particular regions. 3. The aspects of the change in shamanism can be captured this shift. This is the changing of the religious goal, and moreover, within this can be said to be based upon the rationalism by modernization. Therefore, such a cultural phenomenon of the shamanism may be said not to cease to exist but to modulate its functions in various ways as the modernization process proceeds.

著者

安田 寛 多田 純一 長尾 智絵 安田 寛 多田 純一 長尾 智絵 YASUDA Hiroshi TADA Junichi NAGAO Chie

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.121-126, 2009-11

著者

阿部 智 木村 真知子 若吉 浩二 石川 元美 小畑 治 高橋 豪仁

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.169-179, 2008-10-31

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in physical fitness of elementary school children who participated in the long term sports classes using Ballschule program that has received high evaluation in Germany, and to compare the physical fitness and exercise habits of the children and that of those who had not participated in the classes. In addition, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of Ballschule program on the growth of child, and to obtain basic data to make a physical fitness program for elementary school children. First, a total of 47 children, the 2nd and 3rd grade, practiced in sports classes of Ballschule, participated in a sports class held over the long term. There was the improvement with physical fitness and balance in the total score of the physical fitness test. Next, In the comparison of a total 34 children of the 2nd, 10 children who had participated in sports classes of Ballschule and 24 of children who had not, it is confirmed that the total coordination score of Post-test was higher than that of Pre-test in the former children. As a result, it is suggested that the improvement of the physical fitness was caused by the long-term Ballschule program. We could consider Ballschule program as an effective training program, and furthermore we need to examine the validity of Ballschule program as school education. This study elucidated the importance that we should take unspecialized physical fitness program such as Ballschule for developing children. However, it is necessary that we demonstrate the effects of the Ballschule program by using other factors of physical fitness besides ability of coordination that have been central in test heads. And then, a program of Ballschule suitable for Japanese original social context must be suggested and practiced so that Ballschule will be familiarized, applied and practiced in various occasions.

著者

清水 キワ

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.177-191, 1972-11-15

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The 'TANOMOSHI' as they call it, is a body of association which has passed current in Japan since the Medieval days; it is a system of financing for common people, managed autonomously in the spirit of mutual assistance. Nowadays, when available means of financing are everywhere prevalent, it might almost be assumed that the TANOMOSHI is already outmoded. Our investigation, however, amply shows that this system is still largely in practice among the common people, who resort to this system with a view to their household financing and also to the betterment of their social relations. Our final conclusion is that, unless any radical measures for common people's welfare are enforced by the State authorities, the TANOMOSHI will never fail to survive.

著者

河本 大地 劉 丹 馬 鵬飛

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. Cultural and Social Science (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.125-146, 2019-11-29

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History and present situation of Totsukawa Onsen, one of the three hot spring resorts in mountainous Totsukawa Village, Nara Prefecture, is examined in this paper. Totsukawa Onsen is a new hot spring resort that was established in 1963 when hot spring water was taken from the source in a steep valley to the lakeside of newly constructed Futatsuno Dam in Hiradani area where is the center of the commercial and service business function of Totsukawa Village. Managements of the accommodation facilities are specifically focused. As a result, it can be said that the development of this onsen made a great contribution to the economy of this village through tourism industries.

著者

清水 貞夫 玉村 公二彦

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. 奈良教育大学 編 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.41-54, 2015-11

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In this article we analyzed the sociological labeling theory, especially focusing on Jane R. Mercer and also including the social climate of 1960s. According to Mercer, there are two perspectives in which mental retardation can be considered: (1) the clinical perspective and (2) the social system perspective. The clinical perspective is characterized by the simultaneous use of a medical model and a statistical model though these two models are frequently confused. She contends it is not appropriate to apply a medical model to mild mental retardation, but it is more appropriate to adopt a social system model for analyzing problems that people with mild retardation would meet in a community. She argues that from a social system perspective, mental retardation is a sociocultural phenomenon, That means that mental retardation is an achieved status in a social system and persons holding that status plays the social role designated by the social system. From Mercer's researches at Riversides, she found that there were a disproportionately large number of black persons and Mexican American persons labeled by community agencies. She also discovered that the schools were the chief labelers. From these and other findings Mercer came to three major conclusions. The first one is that clinicians and psychologists in the community were not measuring adaptive behavior only because there were no adaptive scales available for them to use. This meant that they judged persons as persons with mental retardation almost entirely on the basis of an IQ test score. The second one is that the cut-off point of an IQ score should be lowered to 2SD below, though public schools were using the cut-off point of IQ 79 or below. Third one is that tremendous cultural biases exists in the IQ test and the test is not appropriate when used with lower class persons who do not share the same cultural traditions as the dominant Anglo American society. These conclusions lead her to develop an improved assessment test called the System of Multicultural Pluralistic Assessment (SOMPA). SOMPA includes an extensive battery of measures. SOMPA has extensively reviewed and debated, so it has not recognized as a valid assessment tool for children yet. Mercer's social system approach, however, provides us with the new perspective about intellectual disability. According to Mercer intellectual disability is not mental defect or deficiency, but a kind of devalued deviancy which is determined to be deviant by other people in the social system.

著者

北村 陽英 鯰 裕美 木村 洋子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.51-60, 2004-10-29

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Using a questionnaire which asseses premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea symptoms, we investigated 392 senior high school female students in June and July, 2002. Sixty-eight percent of these students were suffering from premenstrual syndrome, and eighty-three percent of these students were suffering from dysmenorrhea symptoms. Comparing symptoms of premenstrual syndrome with dysmenorrhea, there are a lot of somatic symptoms in both conditions, but premenstrual syndrome has more symptoms of swelling and breast pain than dysmenorrhea. Symptomatically, it is recognized that symptoms of premenstrual syndrome are different from symptoms of dysmenorrhea. In daily and school life, thirty-three percent of those students were disturbed by premenstrual syndrome. This study proposes that it is necessary to teach students not only about dysmenorrhea but also about premenstrual syndrome in school health education and mental health counseling classes.

著者

棚橋 尚子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2003

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本研究の目的は、漢字に付されたルビが児童の漢字習得に有効であるかの解明にある。近年、一般に使用する漢字の総体が多くなるに伴い、新聞等において常用漢字表外の漢字にルビを付す形のいわゆるルビ付き表記が多く見られるようになった。また、名文暗唱の流行も手伝い、児童が目を通す書物の中には総ルビ表記のものが目につくようになってきた。名文暗唱のブームを作った斎藤孝は総ルビ表記を評価し、児童が漢字の読みに習熟するために効果があるとしている。斎藤に限らず、従来多くの識者が、ルビ付き表記で漢字は覚えられる旨の指摘を続けてきた。しかしながら、棚橋が1999年に行った複数の調査によれば、漢字に対して苦手意識のある児童は、ルビの有無にかかわらず漢字そのものを敬遠する傾向があることが分かっている。本研究では、このような実態を踏まえ、教師の意識調査と、児童に対する漢字習得調査を柱に「ルビは漢字の習得に有効か」という点を追究した。その結果、まず教師の意識調査からは、自身の漢字習得経験においてルビの有効性を自覚していたかどうかにかかわらず、母集団(108名)の3割以上の教師が、漢字の「書き」についてもルビが効果的だと考えていることが理解できた。さらに、小学生1699名を対象にした、実験群(ルビ付き表記による事前学習をさせる群)と統制群(事前学習をさせない群)を設定した漢字ルビの効果を測定する調査では、統計処理の結果、ルビ付き表記を見せて学習させることが、漢字の読みの習得ばかりか、書きの習得にまで影響を及ぼす(極めて有為である)ことが判明した。したがって、従来、研究者個人の経験則に基づいて指摘されてきた漢字習得における漢字ルビの有効性は、科学的にも存在すると結論することができた。

著者

小笠原 真 小笠原 真 OGASAWARA Shin

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.p33-50, 1989-11

著者

吉川 美恵子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.207-225, 1985-11-25

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Ono-no-Tofu(894-966), Fujiwara-no-Sari (944-998) and Fujiwara-no-Kozei (972-1027) who appeared in the tenth century after the three eminent calligraphers, known as "Sampitsu (Three Brushes, i.e.Kukai (774-835), Emperor Saga (786-842), Tachibana-no-Hayanari (?-842)) have been called "Sanseki" (Three Brush Traces; another set of three eminent calligraphers), and they are the representative masters of Japanese calligraphy who started and established "wayo" (the Japanese style) which means the break from the direct influence of "karayo" (the Chinese style) that had originated in China and then later was introduced to Japan. Sari, one of the above-mentioned "Sanseki", was a very unique person who has greatly influenced the present-day calligraphers like us in our fundamental attitudes towards making our own calligraphic works. The purpose of this paper is to give a tentative explanation for the charm of his art by paying special attention to his way of lije and the age in which he lived. Sari was born to the north branch of the reputable Fujiwara Clan, and he lost his father when he was four years old and then lost his grandfather, too, who had been his guardian after the death of his father. That prevented him from holding an important place in the political world of his days. But he was very good at writing calligraphic works on tablets and "shikishi" (square pieces of fancy paper) attached to "byobu" (folding screens) and he gradually became known as one of the finest calligraphic artists. Only a few of his works are now extant - that is, Shikaishi and five letters. Judging from his calligraphical characteristics that we can see in those extant works of his, he was not a mere successor to Tofu who started "wayo", but he established his own free style with the aesthetic and rhythmical writing of his own. The main feature of Sari's calligraphy has been traditionally called "ichiboku-no-yo" (the style of ink in one streamline), which means writing several characters with one stroke, but at the same time, giving variations to each character, which reminds us of "renmentai" (the style of unbroken line) of "kana" syllabary. It is often said that when you see a man's writing you can see the man. Sari's calligraphic style seems to have much to do with his own personality and the historical background of the age in which he lived. He was never a worldly-wise man and he was sometimes even called "jodeinin" (a loose man). But he doggedly lived up to his own way of life without going with the current of his times. We can say that Sari's writing is nothing but his own sincere attitude towards life itself.

著者

河本 大地 焦 自然 胡 安征 保坂 真 嶋田 知加子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. Cultural and Social Science (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.103-123, 2020-12-25

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the development of tourism in Totsukawa Village (Totsukawa-mura), Nara Prefecture, and its history, characteristics, and current situation, as well as its prospects. First, an overview of tourism in this disaster-prone mountainous village is presented. Then, case studies of Tosenji Onsen, Kamiyu Onsen, and Doro Gorge are conducted among the major tourist destinations in this village. We offer three proposals based on our research findings.

著者

和田 穣隆 荒木 美穂

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.1-15, 1997-11

被引用文献数

3

著者

上村 盛人

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.p41-58, 1978-11

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With the publication of Atalanta in Calydon in 1865, Swinburne became famous and was welcomed "to an honourable place among younger poets of England". Aside from his juvenilia, The Queen Mother and Rosamond, issued in 1860, Atalanta was virtually his first important work, because we can find in it almost all Swinburnian traits that he was to develop further in his later works. From the legendary story of Meleager and the boar hunting which Homer, Euripides and Ovid had told, Swinburne created his own tragic version of the myth. Though Swinburne thought that Atalanta was "pure Greek", it was not necessarily so because of its Swinburnian antitheism and aestheticism. Throughout this drama, Heraclitean idea that "Παντα ρει" is repeatedly expressed. Althaea urges her son to serve the gods' law and social customs, while Meleager respects "great things done" that "endure". Chief Huntsman, Chorus and Althaea worship and implore Artemis, the goddess of moon, chastity, hunting and death, while Meleager wishes to be praised by Apollo, the god of sun and art. Artemis, Aphrodite and Atalanta are all represented as femmes fatales. Though Meleager dies a tragic death, he acquires an eternal fame for "what he did in his good time". Like Balen and Tristram, Meleager lives an everlasting life in the world of art, because his "great deeds" have been told by the artists who have immortal soul. Atalanta is a meta-poem and embodies "art for art's sake" like Swinburne's other excellent works.

著者

板橋 孝幸 岩本 廣美 河本 大地

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. 奈良教育大学 編 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.1-19, 2019-11

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This paper shows the significance and problems of small schools laying both elementary and junior high schools in remote rural areas by arranging the cases of Ishigaki City and Taketomi Town in Okinawa Prefecture. In these schools, efforts have been made in school management and local area learning so that children can recognize their growth while considering the connection between elementary and junior high schools, by looking at the entire nine years of learning.

著者

渡辺 伸一

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.109-119, 2012-11

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Over 190 animal species are designated as the national monument by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties. The "deer of Nara" have a very peculiar characteristic among them. It is difficult to specify which "sika" deer belong to the deer of Nara because the Cultural Properties Protection Committee (the Agency for Cultural Affairs since 1968) defines them ambiguously. The deer of Nara, Cervus nippon (species name), living from Hokkaido in the north to Kyushu in the South, are found mainly in Nara Park in the city of Nara. The deer of Nara are defined simply as "sika" deer (1) living in and around Nara Park and (2) being tame. Yet, both "around Nara Park" and "being tame" are ambiguous terms, whose specification varies from person to person. This article confirms that the way to specify the deer of Nara has been ambiguous since they were designated as national monument under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties (1957). Then, it shows how the ambiguity of the provisions has brought about various confusions and problems among local people and clarified the reasons why their content has become ambiguous. Finally, the author proposes how new provisions should be framed from the position that they must be clearly articulated.

著者

豊田 弘司 山田 陽平

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 = Bulletin of Nara University of Education. 奈良教育大学 編 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.51-55, 2019-11

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偶発記憶に及ぼす欲求階層構造に基づく符号化の効果 【日本語要旨】本研究は, Maslow(1962)による欲求階層構造に対応して偶発記憶成績が規定されるか否かを検討した。30名の参加者は,小冊子によって記銘リストが提示され,各ページに印刷された語(漢字1字)が示す対象に対して,生存欲求処理条件では「生きるために必要ですか?」,親和欲求処理条件では「人と親しくなるために必要ですか?」,快-不快処理条件では「どんな印象ですか?」に対して6段階評定(生存及び親和条件では,とても必要~全く必要でない;快-不快条件では良い感じ~嫌な感じ)で該当する数字を選択していった。このような方向づけ課題を行った後,挿入課題を行い,その後に偶発自由再生テストを実施した。その結果,全体の再生率においては生存欲求処理条件と親和欲求処理条件が快-不快処理条件よりも再生率が高かったが,生存欲求処理と親和欲求処理条件間に差はなかった。また,評定値が5及び6であった語(有効な精緻化がなされた語)の再生率においては,生存欲求処理条件が親和欲求処理条件よりも再生率が高かったが,他の条件間に差はなかった。これらの結果は,Nairneら(2007)が提唱するサバイバル処理(本研究における生存欲求処理)による符号化の有効性を示唆するとともに,Maslow(1962)の欲求階層構造に対応して記憶成績が規定される可能性を示唆した。

著者

梅 暁棠

出版者

奈良教育大学

巻号頁・発行日

2013-03-25

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奈良教育大学修士学位論文, 学位の種類: 修士(教育学), 学位授与年月日: 平成25年3月25日

著者

牧野 英三

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.105-118, 1971-10-30

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During the Shunie period extending over a fortnight, Hokkesenbo is recited after Hanya on each of the four consecutive days, from the 1st day down to the 4th, in the former part of the whole function, and in the latter part there of the same thing is also recited after Hanya on the four days, from the 8th day down to the 11th; Hokke-senbo is thus recited 8 times all told. To each of these occasions are allotted 3 members nominated out of the following 5, namely, Kitashu-no-ichi, Minamishu-no-ichi, Kitashu-no-ni, Minamishu-no-ni, and Chudo. And, one of these three priests acting as leader, this group goes to confession by virtue of Hokekyo (the Sutra of the Lotus). Daisbugan is recited at Shoya in exactly the same words as at Goya but in a different melody. The melody of Daishuganintroduced here is that of Daishugan recited at Shoya. Both Hokkesenbo and Daishugan are Shomyo (pl.) rather monotonous and plain but are noteworthy in that they have their own forms of expression.

著者

小笠原 真

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.33-50, 1989-11-25

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This paper studies Charles H.Cooley (1864-1929), who is known in the history of American sociology as one of the "Next Four", as distinct from the "First Big Four". In considering the gist of his sociology, I shall focus on his trilogy, Human Nature and the Social Order(1902), Social Organization : a study of the larger mind (1909) and Social Process(1918), which are the works in which he established his sociology, or psychological sociology. I shall also refer to Life and the Student: roadside notes on human nature, society, and letters(1927), a collection of his essays, to sociological Theory and Social Research (1930) edited by Cooley's nephew Robert C. Angell(1899-), a postumous work containing twelve papers and a bibliography. My particular concerns are : "sympathetic introspection" or "sympathetic participation," a concept emphasized in Cooley's ideas on the objects of sociology and on the methodology of sociology in particular ; his ideas on the relationships between individuals and society, and his"organic view of history," which underlies those ideas ; the meaning of the "looking-glass self" and the "primary group", the two concepts Cooley invented, making his name remembered forever. As a conclusion I shall point out some problems and difficulties with his sociology.

著者

青木 智史 小島 和人 金原 正明

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.1-7, 2013-11-30

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In the present paper, the authors report the results of thermoluminescence (TL) dating of the bricks from a modern structure, and discuss the validity of this method. TL method is a typical and well-used tool for estimating the age of heated relics. In this research, TL dating method applied to the bricks of the brickwork foundation of an officer' s mess hall which were excavated at the site of the 53th Infantry Regiment on the campus of Nara University of Education. In 1909, the 53 Infantry Regiment was located in the site, where the campus of Nara University of Education is now located. The Infantry Regiment site was first discovered in 2008. This site was excavated continuously between 2008 and 2011. And, the samples were collected at the Infantry Regiment site in 2011. The samples were measured according to the protocol of multiple aliquot additive dose. The TL age averaged for all samples is 96±10 years before present. Thus the results of the present work indicate that the bricks were burnt in the period around the early 20th century. The results are consistent with the ages shown from the archaeological aspects of view. The TL dating method was successfully applied to the modern burnt bricks. And the above result suggest that TL dating method is a valid technique for the research on the history of modern times.