著者
樫原 潤
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.2, pp.204-223, 2021 (Released:2022-11-01)
参考文献数
82

The psychological network approach introduced by Kashihara (2019) had the potential to promote tailored therapies for mental disorders, and a cutting-edge commentary by Matsumoto (2020) provided suggestions for future research to integrate cognitive experimental data into psychological network analyses. In response to Matsumoto (2020), this paper reveals that researchers using psychological network approaches should consider the processes of theory construction, including feedback loops between theories, phenomena, and data. First, this paper introduces the status of theory crisis in current psychological science. Second, it discusses that the psychological network approach has been developed to overcome the limitations of latent variable approaches of psychopathology and that it sequentially updates the understanding of psychopathologies by examining the correspondence between network theories, phenomena of mental disorders, and empirical symptom data. Third, this paper responds to the main suggestions provided by Matsumoto (2020) to enhance the sound development of the psychological network approach in the field of psychopathology. Every response emphasizes that psychological network analyses should be used according to theories and phenomena.
著者
水原 啓太 入戸野 宏
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.2, pp.189-203, 2021 (Released:2022-11-01)
参考文献数
115

Respiratory phases are associated with the performance on various cognitive tasks. This paper reviews behavioral and psychophysiological studies that compared the effects of inhalation and exhalation phases on perception and cognition. First, previous findings are summarized, based on psychological functions such as simple motor reaction, attention, and memory. Second, four methodical difficulties inherent in conducting such studies are discussed: choice of respiratory route (i.e., nasal vs. oral), manner of breathing (i.e., spontaneous vs. controlled), instruction on how to breathe, and manipulation of the timing of stimulus presentation. Finally, several research questions are raised to understand the relationship between respiratory phases and psychological functions.
著者
中尾 央
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.2, pp.236-248, 2015 (Released:2018-06-19)
著者
奥村 優子 鹿子木 康弘
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.191-203, 2018 (Released:2019-11-06)
参考文献数
67

How do infants extract useful information from a world of distractions? Social learning from others enables infants to acquire information rapidly and efficiently that otherwise would require more time and cognitive resources. In this paper, we aimed to clarify the social learning mechanism of infants by focusing on from whom and how they learn. First, we introduced the theory of natural pedagogy, which argues that young infants can acquire knowledge from ostensive signals. Second, we reviewed recent studies on infant social learning from the viewpoint of two critical factors: agents and ostensive signals. In particular, we provided studies that focused on what type of agent is appropriate as an information source for infant learning and how ostensive signals work effectively for infant learning. Third, we provided tentative suggestions on how the foundations of infant social learning are generated, maintained, and formed in early development.
著者
牧野 圭子
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.1, pp.52-69, 2021 (Released:2022-08-25)
参考文献数
78

The present study aimed to theoretically explain the phenomena of aestheticization of autobiographical memory. The phenomena were classified according to valence: the aestheticization of positive autobiographical memories and the aestheticization of autobiographical memories consisting of positive and negative aspects. The aestheticization of events or scenes of past eras was also examined. Each aestheticization type were considered to have two aspects: (1) pleasure and liking and (2) an aesthetic evaluation. The following theories were examined: theory of new experimental aesthetics, applied fluency theory, applied appraisal theories of emotion, and applied regulatory focus theory. The results showed that, although the first and the third types of aestheticization were able to be explained by the theory of new experimental aesthetics, the second type could not be explained by it. Among the other three theories, only applied appraisal theories of emotion, which include the concept of the self, were considered to explain pleasure and liking in all three types. However, they did not explain aesthetic evaluation. Incorporating the concept of the self into explanations of aesthetic evaluation is needed for further studies.
著者
大平 英樹
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.3, pp.283-291, 2016 (Released:2018-02-06)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
1

Studies using hyperscanning have reported coordination of behaviors among 2 persons who ­performed interactive tasks. Synchronization of brain activity is an underlying mechanism of behavioral coordination. This article proposes a mathematical model (the “Kuramoto model”) which describes a phenome­non called entrainment of oscillator to explain how synchronization of brain activity emerges and which factors affect brain synchronization. A model, including 4 oscillators (inferior frontal gyri and middle temporal gyri in 2 persons) suggested that 1) similarity of oscillation frequencies in brain regions is critical for synchronization of brain activity, 2) patients on the autism spectrum might have different oscillation frequencies in their brain regions resulting in impairment of fluent communication, and 3) learning of important pathways from one person to another person can facilitate synchronization of brain activity, and thus probably can improve communication and behavioral coordination.
著者
吉野 諒三
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, pp.119-135, 1989 (Released:2019-07-24)
被引用文献数
2
著者
速水 敏彦
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.2, pp.171-193, 1995 (Released:2019-07-24)
被引用文献数
8
著者
佐藤 德
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.3, pp.362-378, 2018 (Released:2020-01-18)
参考文献数
93

In a joint action, two or more individuals coordinate their actions in space and time to create a change in the environment. Knoblich, Butterfill, and Sebanz (2011) distinguished between two types of coordination that can occur during a joint action: planned coordination and emergent coordination. In planned coordination, the agents’ behavior is driven by representations that specify the joint action outcome and one’s own part in a joint action. In emergent coordination, coordinated behavior occurs because of entrainment, common affordances, perception–action matching, or action simulation, independently of any joint plans or common knowledge. This paper reviews the current empirical findings on joint action as examples of “wisdoms” between individuals. The implications of these findings for research on social cognition are discussed.
著者
竹村 幸祐 佐藤 剛介
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.1, pp.47-63, 2012

As reviewed in other articles in this special issue, many cross-cultural studies have revealed cultural variation in several aspects of happiness (e. g.. predictors of happiness). Although these studies have contributed greatly to revealing how processes of happiness differ across societies, why they differ remains a puzzle. The current paper is aimed at introducing an emerging perspective called the socio-ecological approach, which emphasizes environmental (physical and societal) factors, and attempts to identify underlying mechanisms of observed cultural differences. In previous studies based on the socio-ecological approach, the effects of environmental factors, including pathogen prevalence, relational mobility, urbanity , and climate, were examind through several methodologies such as cross-regional comparisons within a country and multilevel analysis. We review evidence that the socio-ecological environment affects how some psychological and behavioral tendencies influence happiness. We discuss how the socio-ecological approach helps to explain various cultural differences, and theorize the relationship between happiness and culture.