著者

趙 冲 于 航 布野 修司 川井 操

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.685, pp.519-526, 2013-03-30 (Released:2013-06-03)

参考文献数

21

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This paper discusses formation and transformation of Kaifeng city in Henan(China), which is known as the capital city of Bei Son dynasty. Authors selected the old castle district of the central part of Kaifeng, which is called Wen shu si & Xue yuan men she qu at present, as an intensive field study and clarified thetransformation process of spatial formation. The spatial formation of Keifeng at Bei Song dynasty is identified on the present map based on the newest archeological findings. However Kaifeng at that time is buried several meters under the present ground level by many floods. The urban tissues we see now, is formed after flood in 1841. This paper clarified the transformation of Kaifeng inner castle since mid-19th century through the old map and especially the changes among decade 2000-2010 as for the targeted area. re exist three types. The form of si he yuan is disappearing although only one is left in the area. Most of shou-jin-liao were divided and shared. The central area of old castle was still occupied by low rise houses and shop houses until the end of 20th century, but was drastically changed by redevelopment program introducing high rise apartment houses.

著者

越山 健治 室崎 益輝 高田 祐孝

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.550, pp.217-223, 2001-12-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3

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This paper is written about the relations between city planning and disaster prevention planning on five cases of destructive city fire -lida in 1947, Noshiro in 1949 and 1956, Tottori in 1952, Niigata in 1950- after World War II. It was cleared about following 3 aspects. 1 Relations between city planning and disaster prevention were changed for that dozen years. The planning theory of that term changed "Park, Parkways and Boulevard System". 2 Characteristics about city planning and disaster prevention planning were similar each other. 3 Speed and difficulty of land readjustments were different each other. Those cases show that regionality has effects on the operation process of city planning rather than planning process of city planning.

著者

金子 弘幸 大佛 俊泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.742, pp.1051-1059, 2017 (Released:2017-12-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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The trajectory analysis of pedestrians using the tracking system of laser scanners is an effective approach for understanding the usage of facility spaces. Carefully looking at the pedestrian trajectories observed in an outpatient reception area of a hospital, we can find some specific patterns of patient behavior. For instance, some patients come in the area from the main entrance, line up at the return visit reception machines, and leave to the consulting room area slowly. Also, some coming from the main entrance, pass through the return visit reception machines, and leave the consulting room area quickly. These examples indicate that behavior patterns and attribute information of facility users can be estimated from their trajectory features such as directionality, staying place and walking speed. However, it requires a heavy load to manually extract the features from pedestrian trajectories and classify them into some adequate patterns. Hence, it is highly desirable to achieve this task automatically. In this paper, we proposed a method of pedestrian trajectory classification using the Restricted Boltzmann machine, by which we can automatically find the inherent features of pedestrian trajectories. This method was applied to an outpatient waiting area of a hospital. Comparing manual and automatic classification, we demonstrated the usefulness and sufficient performance of our proposed method in extracting the feature of directionality, staying place and walking speed. The details are as follows: (1) Modeling of pedestrian trajectory The trajectory data were divided into three-layers composed of 1 m square grids, which were consisting of “Front layer”, “Back layer” expressing the directionality, and “Staying layer” expressing staying places. The restricted Boltzmann machine had input units and binary hidden neurons, by which the feature of the trajectory data were generated after sufficient learning. In setting the number of hidden neurons, the 100 × 8 model, which had 100 neurons in the first hidden layer and 8 neurons in the second hidden layer, was applied by comparing the information entropy of the hidden layer. (2) Model validation In the 100 × 8 model, the degree of coincidence between the results by manual classification and automatic classification was examined. The entropy ratio, which is an index for checking the degree of agreement, was 0.6% in the entropy ratio by manual classification, and 10.6% by automatic classification. The results showed that the manual classification and the automatic classification was in good agreement. In addition, the trajectory distribution diagrams were configured for each machine classification, and the feature pattern diagrams were made by 2nd hidden neurons, which automatically found inherent features. These diagrams demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method.

著者

清水 有愛 後藤 春彦 馬場 健誠

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.733, pp.723-733, 2017 (Released:2017-03-30)

参考文献数

55

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The Numazu Shopping District is distinct as it is the first and only shopping district to enact the Aesthetic Area Law. However currently redevelopment plans of the shopping district are being discussed due to aging buildings and decline in business demand. Therefore, it is essential to review the influences of the enacted Aesthetic Area Law upon shopping districts, especially from the point of view of the spatial changes in commercial and living space. The following three objectives will be clarified: 1) The historical construction process and changes in commercial demand within the shopping district. 2) The changes in space utilization influenced by the commercial demand. 3) The changes in the view of Aesthetic Area Law of building owners. In order to clarify these objectives, the lifestyle between building owners within Numazu Arcade Shopping District will be documented. First, the Aesthetic Area Law was enacted upon the Numazu Arcade Shopping District as a deregulation measure to construct buildings over the sidewalk. Through the review of commercial demand within the shopping district, it has been identified that there were three main phases that had an impact on the spatial transformation of the shopping district buildings. These changes were especially seen from the 1960s to the 1980s during the "Period of Commercial Peak", when many shop owners have expanded their buildings using their backyard space. This backward expansion was mainly cased by the regulation of the Aesthetic Area Law, as construction and expansion along the street side was restricted. Next, in order to look into detail of the transformation and spatial utilization within the Numazu Arcade Shopping District, a fieldwork survey was carried out. As a result, during the "Period of Commercial Peak", there was a demand for stockrooms and living space for employees, and many shops expanded their buildings. Yet, when the shopping district hit the "Period of Commercial Decline", large portions of the expanded space became unused, and it was also identified that there was a shift in the social occupancy of the buildings. Finaly, a hearing survey was conducted to identify the changes in view of Aesthetic Area Law between building owners. During the construction period, the building owners had maintained the townscape and took the Aesthetic Area Law into account. However, due to aging of the building and owners, it is becoming difficult to maintain the building facade and townscape. As a result, the importance of the Aesthetic Area Law had faded out within the building owners minds. On the on contrary, there are movements to improve the townscape of the shopping district, such as the installation of street furniture and plantation of flowers along the sidewalk. This act shows that building owners are raising consciousness of the townscape beyond the restrictions of the Aesthetic Area Law.

著者

田路 貴浩

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.680, pp.2471-2479, 2012-10-30 (Released:2013-04-25)

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It is in 1932 that Morita mentioned Valéry's ‘Eupalinos’ for the first time. How did he encountered Valéry. I guessed that there were some chances of the encounter in Le Corbusier's text, lectures at the Institute of France-Japan, and lectures and texts of philosophers in Kyoto University. Then published books, preserved documents were examined. Consequently it was revealed that Morita learned the outline of Valéry's works through the lecture in the Institute of France-Japan, and was leaded to ‘Eupalinos’ by Kuki Syuzo. Morita's understanding of Valéry's thoughts however was based on Platonism learned through Fukada Yasukazu.

著者

佐々木 学

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.611, pp.117-122, 2007

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Viterbo public fountains may be classified into three types: rectangular basin fountains (fontane a vasca rettangolare), cast fountains (fontane a fuso), and overlapping caps fountains (fontane a coppe sovrapposte). I measured multiple fountains structured in Viterbo during the 13th century to compare their shapes. The results of these measurements show that many apparent similarities exist in the basin and water pipe shapes used in rectangular basin fountains, cast fountains and overlapping caps fountains. The results from this research indicate that the fountain basins and water pipes structured in Viterbo in the 13th century were specifically designed to portray the important function of drawing water, even though the fountains were more commemorative than anything else.

著者

鶴田 修 坂本 功 大橋 好光 平田 俊次 岡部 潤一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.613, pp.73-80, 2007-03-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

5

---

In recent years, the research on the damage and response displacement performance of the building of a large earthquake, for example, the Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake, are widely proposed. On the other hand, a lot of researches on the damage evaluation of the high-rise building after the earthquake are reported. However, report of research of wooden houses are few, hoped for. To the radical of this background, this research proposes the index of the relevance of finish material damage and structure damage by the static-shear-loading test of wooden house bearing walls with finish material, and reports the verification result of the validity of the index by full-scales wooden house vibration tests.

著者

コジャスタ カウィッシュ 安藤 徹哉 サミミ サイード アブドゥル バシール

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.740, pp.2741-2750, 2017

被引用文献数

6

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 In the desert areas from the eastern Iran to western Afghanistan, traditional houses have curved roofs. As modernization progresses, such traditional houses are gradually disappearing from the region. However, in Herat, an old city in Western Afghanistan, traditional houses with domical vault are still left in their original form within the urban area. This study examines features of traditional houses with domical vaults in Herat through interviews of traditional builders and case studies of three houses including field surveys and interviews conducted with residents. Through this research, it finds that the structures of walls and domical vault vary depending on the time of construction, number of stories and size of rooms inside the houses. The study also finds that the materials used for walls and roofs differ according to the economic conditions of the families. Some conclusions are drawn about the architectural features of traditional houses with domical vaults in Herat.

著者

佐藤 栄治 吉川 徹 山田 あすか

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.610, pp.133-139, 2006-12-30 (Released:2017-02-17)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 14

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The purpose of this study is to develop a method for location planning of regional facilities. To this end, this article aims at formulating converted walking distance considering resistance of topographical features as well as changes in physical strength by age. Two types of converted distance, one based on dynamics and the other based on consumption calorie, are compared with direct distance and route distance in terms of user distribution of a regional facility in Tama New Town. The result shows that the converted distance based on consumption calorie gives the best model among the four types of distance.

著者

池永 博威 石神 忍 西山 伸孝

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.465, pp.19-26, 1994

被引用文献数

6 5

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In this study, We made some experiments to clarify the influence of observation distance and background on the appearance for stains on external building wall. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) For the same stains of wall surface, distant view with background and close view differ remarkably from each other in discomfort of degree, and intermediate view with background and close view also differ from each other in discomfort of degree close view according to kind of finishing materials. (2) A case of seeing at close range and a case of seeing at a distance differ from each other in discomfort of degree for stains.

著者

山村 崇 後藤 春彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.689, pp.1523-1532, 2013-07-31 (Released:2013-09-05)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 5

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The purpose of this study is to describe the features of the clusters of Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) within the Tokyo metropolitan area, and investigate the determinants of KIBS location. Using municipal scale database, significance of potential determinants of KIBS were investigated through path analysis, and that was followed by a more detailed survey in the form of a questionnaire for KIBS companies. As a result, following conclusions were obtained:(1) Several strongly concentrated KIBS clusters were observed in central Tokyo and some of the innner-suburban business districts. By calculating Ellison-Glaeser index, it was confirmed that KIBS has a stronger tendency of geographic concentration when it was compared to other service industries.(2) Most influential determinants of KIBS location are economies of agglomeration, food amenity, nightlife amenity and urbanized regional image. This means that social common capital that is specific to large cities attracts KIBS in direct and indirect manner, which results in a predominant agglomeration of KIBS in highly urbanized areas.

著者

柳沼 優樹 後藤 春彦 山村 崇 山崎 義人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.688, pp.1311-1320, 2013-06-30 (Released:2013-08-30)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 4

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This paper analyses the accumulation process of small sized knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) in the suburbs of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, with a focus on the outer-suburban KIBS accumulation at Kamakura-Zushi(KZ) seaside area. Through interviews with KIBS owners, following conclusions were obtained: (1) Most business owners in KZ area commenced their business career in central Tokyo, and later relocated their office to the current location in their 20's and 30's. (2) Major determinants of small KIBS location in KZ area were: proximity to owner's home town, personal familiarity to the place, better working environment compared to central Tokyo, flexible life style and the creative atmosphere. (3) Many of the business owners highly appreciate the value of the regionality of KZ area mainly for the following reasons: abundant opportunities of regional contribution activities, business opportunities generated from casual conversation with other corporate managers, mental rewards gained from nature and people and inspiration from its history.

著者

久保田 徹 三浦 昌生

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.562, pp.89-96, 2002

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3 3

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A questionnaire survey on the consciousness of the residents living in the mid-to-high-rise apartment houses in the commercial district near Kawaguchi station was administered. The sunshine hours at the same apartment houses was also measured by a computer simulation. Results shows that nearly 70% of the answerers in the commercial district demand sunshine more than now. And the priority of the convenience was not related to such residents' demands for the sunshine. Therefore, the standard for the sunshine in commercial districts is necessary. In this survey, 5 sunshine hours were found to be necessary for the residents even in commercial district.

著者

パント モハン 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.527, pp.177-184, 2000

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 3

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The city of Patan as all other towns of Kathmandu valley, is predominantly inhabited by Newars. The Jyapu community of Newars, who are farmers constituting the major population group of Kathmandu Valley towns is considered to have the earliest connection with the Kirata who ruled and inhabited Nepal during the prehistoric period prior to the 5th century. This paper analyses the physical structure of the settlement quarters of the Jyapu community based on the field study of Dupat role of Patan and shows the distinct features of the settlement with a neighbourhood square as the community centre which is different from the Buddhist monastery quarter analysed in our previous paper. It also posits that the form of the Jyapu community settlements might represent the earliest idea of the urban settlement in the history of Kathmandu Valley.

著者

大宮 喜文 岩見 達也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.9, pp.133-136, 1999

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

7 6

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A hotel fire occurred in Shirahama, Wakayama prefecture on November 17th1998. This building fire was one of the widest burning area of building firesin Japan. During this fire, there was high wind velocity at about Tin/sec. Atthe same time, there was a lot of number of fire brands. We surveyed thedistribution of fire brands and spot fires due to this fire by exploration andquestionnaire. As a consequence, it was found that through exploration andquestionnaire that there is a relation between the distribution of fire brandsand the size of fire brands etc.

著者

久保田 徹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.616, pp.83-89, 2007

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2 7

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This paper presents the findings of a questionnaire survey on usage of air-conditioners and windows among selected households in apartment houses in Johor Bahru City, Malaysia and compares the results with those in terraced houses surveyed previously. The frequency of respondents who open their windows during the nighttime in apartment houses was higher by 20% than that in terraced houses. However, this did not directly contribute to reduce the use of air-conditioners in apartment houses. It is especially important to find out the means to reduce both numbers and use of air-conditioners directly in order to help achieve energy-saving objectives in Malaysian residential areas.

著者

細野 耕司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.532, pp.223-230, 2000

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1 1

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The objective of the present studies is to clarify historical characteristics of the modern judicial architecture of japan. The Tokyo Court was established in 1871 and its building was constructed in 1875. During that period, a daimyo's mansion.which a preceding body of the justice Department had temporarily used, was renovated and a court was placed inside the building. However, the arrangements of the court and the internal structures of the facilities were modernized and differentiated from those of a town magistrate office of the Tokugawa government. The main elements which constituted the prototype of the new-built Court House wereconfirmed.

著者

小笠原 正豊 野城 智也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.734, pp.1009-1019, 2017 (Released:2017-04-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3

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This paper investigates so-called “Design Assistance (sekkei kyoryoku)” by Japanese subcontractors. The tasks and responsibilities of subcontractors in Design Assistance, the information generated through Design Assistance, and the difference between Design Assistance in Japan and Consultation in US are focused. Our previous paper pointed out that Japanese design organizations tend to utilize Design Assistance by the subcontractors, whereas US design organizations are more likely to distribute design tasks among specialized consultants. In this paper, the elevator industry is focused as the typical industry indicating the clear difference of the task distribution between Japanese Design Assistance and the US Consultation. In Japan, elevator companies are regarded as subcontractors as they provide design, manufacturing, installation, and maintenance services. They offer the product design information and analysis for free. It is called Design Assistance, as they hope to be specified and installed in future construction. In the US, by contrast, Vertical Transportation Consultants provide design service to the architects especially for customized elevators. In Japanese cases, five major elevator companies are selected. Thirteen people are interviewed. In the US cases, twenty-five Vertical Transportation Consultants were approached, and five of them responded to the inquiry (Table4). First, the tasks and responsibilities of subcontractors in Design Assistance are clarified. We confirmed the subcontractors provide the design information based on the Design Assistance free of charge. The subcontractors do not have a primal responsibility of their design information, especially to the owner of the project. It results in a confusion of responsibilities between the architect and the subcontractor. Second, two types of the information gathering process through the Design Assistance is confirmed. One is the information generated by the subcontractor and provided to the architect, such as drawings, specifications, analysis, cost estimation, and presentation images (Table1). The other is the information provided from the architect to the subcontractor. The Design Assistance is one of the best opportunities for subcontractors to acquire “needs” of the owners, which is typically not obtained by the sales department of subcontractors. It is utilized for the development of new products. Third, the difference between Design Assistance in Japan and Consultation in US are focused. In this paper, the basic services of the consultants were investigated, through the website of the consultants on the list of International Association of Elevator Consultants (IAEC). In US, an assessment and inspection oriented service, such as Maintenance Review, Assessment, Litigation and Inspection, and project management service for elevator installation are available (Table3). There are far more significant opportunities in modernization than new construction. The elevator manufacturers and the vertical transportation consultants are separate entities, which make smooth information exchange difficult compared to the Japanese environment (Fig. 4).

著者

吉田 敏 野城 智也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.589, pp.169-176, 2005-03-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 5

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Construction is complicated artificial action. The paper proposes the methodology to describe elements of construction. "Architecture" is one of the ways to analyze artificial actions, and the general concept of "Architecture" is the composition of system that is based on the pattern of relationship between elements. Primary meaning of "Architecture" was building and construction, because they are composed of many complicated elements. Then, this logic has been advanced in many fields such as computer industry, automobile industry and so on. It has great possibility to find brand new order of construction to study with advanced logic of "Architecture." The paper categorized the ways of description of system with "Architecture" concept, and demonstrated of description of construction aspects, then analyzed the possibility of description of construction as an artificial system.

著者

椎野 潤

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.310-315, 1995-12-20 (Released:2017-01-24)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

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In this technical report, the author describes the Factory Automatization for PC Panel Production, the Panel of which is used for middle-rise apartment. The CAM data for automatic machine operation in the factory are processed from CAD data and supplied to the machine through the computer network. The flow of the materials and the products in process is rearranged and systematic production is realized. This is the case sample of CIM for the housing components production.