著者

長谷川 香

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.738, pp.2081-2087, 2017 (Released:2017-08-30)

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of the ceremonial space associated with the nation and the Imperial Court in modern Tokyo. Focusing on the temporary use of parade grounds and imperial estates in the western part of Tokyo, I derived the possible factors for the site selection and the characteristics of the ceremonial spaces of modern imperial funerals in Tokyo. The subjects of investigation are the imperial funerals of Empress Eisho in 1897, Emperor Meiji in 1911, Empress Shoken in 1914 and Emperor Taisho in 1927. In the second chapter, I digested the history of the western part of Tokyo, as a condition of the thesis. Extending from the center part to the periphery, parade grounds and imperial estates were located in modern Tokyo to be concentrated on the north side of the Oyama Road (Current Aoyama St.). On the other hand, during the expansion of the urban area of Tokyo, the Nihon Railway Shinagawa line and the Kobu Railway were built to connect the western part of Tokyo to the center of Tokyo and also to the western Japan, then the western part of Tokyo became the hub for travel and transportation, especially for the military purpose. In the third chapter, I examined the process of site selection, the plan, the scale and the route of each imperial funeral by researching the government documents, then I clarified the fact that the site had sifted from Aoyama Parade Ground to Yoyogi Parade ground and to Shinjuku Gyoen, influenced by the environmental changes of the western part of Tokyo. Then I also revealed that the site of the modern era was larger than that of the early modern era and all sites had the same layout plan of temporary buildings in funerals. As for the route, I pointed that all of them were 4-7 km, containing the Oyama Road and that the whole route served as the urban scale ceremonial space. From the above analysis, I derived the four possible conditions of the site for imperial funerals; 1 possession, 2 history, 3 size and figure, and 4 location. Ueno Park and the Imperial Palace Plaza also met the condition 1, 2 and 3, but as for the condition 4, the parade grounds and imperial estates in the western part of Tokyo were favorable because they were close to the Oyama Road, the Nihon Railway Shinagawa line and the Kobu Railway. It can be argued that the site selection was much influenced by the limited use of the parade grounds and imperial estates and also the existence of the military installations and the development of the traffic networks. The candidate sites were almost limited to the parade grounds and the imperial estates in the western part of Tokyo by the conditions, and the site for each funeral was selected according to the situation at the time. Then, in adapting to the different site, the ceremonial space in modern Tokyo had become universal, not defined by any specific site or institution. The site in the early modern era, Sennyu-ji temple has been strongly connected to the Imperial Court from the medieval era, while those in the modern era had been connected to the Imperial Court since the Meiji era and become commemorative places by being used as the site for imperial funeral, and then it led to the development of the surrounding area after that.

著者

林 要次

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.709, pp.709-715, 2015-03-30 (Released:2015-03-30)

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This paper is a part of the study on the acceptance of the French Architecture theories and the educational methods in Modern Japan. It focuses on Abel Jean-Louis Guérineau (1841-1929), French architect who received architectural education at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris and was employed by the Imperial Japanese Army academy (Riku-gun-shikan- gakkou) as professor of architecture design and drawing between April 11, 1874 and June 30, 1880. Firstly, the role of Guérineau is examined in the context of "military architecture" in Japan. Secondly, the role of Guérineau is examined as leading person of Japanese architectural culture in France.

著者

布野 修司 脇田 祥尚 青井 哲人 牧 紀男

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.491, pp.135-139, 1997

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 2

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The purpose of this study is to consider the principles of space formation of houses, villages and the cities focusing on the cosmology that decide physical arrangement. We selected Cakranegara in Lombok island, Indonesia, as a case study. Lombok island attracts us from several view points. As is well known, there runs Wallace line between Lombok and Bali island. Lombok island is also interesting in terms of religion. Most of Balinese are Hindu though over 90 % of the population in Indonesia are Muslim. Islam is dominant in Lombok island, but we can see the strong influence of Bali Hindu in the western part of the island. The fact that Hindu and Muslim people coexist in a small island is worthy to be investigated. Cakranegara is the city we firstly discovered if allowed to exaggerate its importance in the history of Indonesian cities. Karangasem Kingdom in Ball built Cakranegara as a colonial city in 18th century. Though Cakranegara was in the far east of Indian civilization at that period. We guess Cakranegara was constructed ideally based on the ancient idea of Hindu City. It is very interesting that Nagara- Kertagama; the Lontar paper that describe the Jawa and Majapahit kingdom in the 14th century, was discovered within the Kraton (palace) of Cakranegara. This paper is the first paper of a series of study on Cakranegara. This paper defined the purpose of study on Cakranegara and clarifies street's pattern, land division as the first step of a series of study on Cakranegara.

著者

後藤 義明 相良 二朗 田中 直人 中島 康生 田中 真二 堀田 明裕

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.512, pp.145-151, 1998-10-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

13 13

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Smooth action of a wheel chair user and a helper in transferring to a stool and taking a shower by a shower chair was examined by experiments. 14 experimental spaces for transferring to a stool and 20 experimental spaces for taking a shower were set up by combining size of room and door, and door position. For each space action of transfering and taking a shower by a wheel chair user pretending hermplegia and a helper was done simulatedly. Analyzing data recorded by video camera, it was confirmed that action in the 1400mm×1600mm toilet room and 1800mm×1800mm bathroom was smooth under every condition. And especially door position was important for smooth action.

著者

西本 由紀子 上野 勝代 梶木 典子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.33, pp.727-730, 2010-06-20 (Released:2010-06-18)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

4 3

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In recent years, the number of strollers in the public transportation facility has increased significantly and in proportion to that the number of near accidents has also increased. This study aims to investigate the concrete characteristics of the behavior of the people using strollers in the public transport system. An observation survey of the JR Kobe Line shows that the incidents leading to possible accidents are in particular when embarking or disembarking trains, when using escalators, or when ascending or descending stairs.

著者

李 永桓 後藤 春彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.613, pp.143-150, 2007

被引用文献数

2

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This study had analyzed eye fixation objects, eye fixation directions, and eye fixation times of the sequential urbanscape at the night, which shows the different fixation characters compared to that of the day, in order to clarify the eye fixation characters of the night. Scenery observed from car window was focused in this study due to its popularity as the mean of transportation. Scenery from car window is the urbanscape of a strongly public nature, shared by many users. As a result, informational urbanscape factors were clarified to be the important eye fixation target at the night, showing the largess transition rate among all. Data of eye fixation directions showed less response to the spatial features, concentrating the gaze point: mainly to the foreground view. Eye fixation movements in both night and day had a tendency to gain their range in horizontal directions compared to that of vertical. Such range of eye fixation movement was most influenced by the presence and absence of the sky in the view.

著者

河田 智成

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.535, pp.269-276, 2000

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper deals with Adolf Loos's alterations to Duschnitz house and Mandl house, which have been positioned in a germinal stage of the Raumplan. The purpose of this paper is to clarify developments of house-alteration by Loos on the basis of analyzing these works and show it as a process of forming the Raumplan. Therefore having an eye to fragmentization in both works, this paper makes clear various phases of fragmentization. In a word, fragmentization gradually spreads to various phases of the interior and exterior of a house and intensifies to the extent of arising conflicts between fragmentary parts.

著者

後藤 春彦 松井 勝紀

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.466, pp.103-112, 1994-12-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

11

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This paper aims to discuss the administrative problem of reducing the billboards in "the sequence seen from Shinkansen window" for the maintenance of a beautiful spectacle. The conclusions in this paper are as follows; 1) A large number of billboards set up along the Shinkansen, and the billboard is the harmful element in "the sequence seen from Shinkansen window". 2) The distribution of billboards varies in different locates. Western Japan has more billboards than Eastern, and they are set up by Western companies in many case. 3) The local governments have to manage the billboards as the administrative problem for scenic beauty.

著者

大宮司 勝弘 竹内 淳 岩岡 竜夫 岩田 利枝

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.636, pp.505-513, 2009

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The purpose of this study is to identify the architectural characteristics of Kyoto Tower Building, which was designed by Mamoru Yamada. The description of space composition and the features of the architectural design of Kyoto Tower Building, at the initial completion time, are based on a documentary film showing the building under construction and pictures and drawings held by Osaka Yamada Mamoru Architects and Engineers. On the basis of Yamada's studies of the floor plans, the rough drawings and perspectives, the design process of this building is analyzed.

著者

除 貴淑 河邊 聡

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.485, pp.227-235, 1996-07-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 1

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In this report we discuss about the meaning of the Boundary Space. This research is based on the novel "KUSAMAKURA" as a literary text and written by Soseki NATSUME. We selected four places as the Boundary Space. 'YAMAMICHI' has the meaning of 間 (ま), where the place can assimilate with the nature and get purified spirit, thus people can visualize or anticipate the proceeding space. 'CHAYA' is the junction where two different worlds get through and at the same time, this is the place where Substantial Space and Insubstantial Space coexist. 'YADO' means 境, where we can get the spirit of 境. This is the place where Substantial Space and Insubstantial Space can be exchanged. 'RIVER' has the meaning of the third space where Insubstantial Space is in the process of being shaped into Substantial Space. In conclusion, it can be noted that the four different types of Boundary Space have different meaning of each representative place. Likewise, although there are several different Boundary Spaces exists in architectural space, this different space has all different meanings.

著者

岩下 剛

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.712, pp.551-558, 2015 (Released:2015-07-11)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 1

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Frequencies and characteristics of heatstroke occurred at elementary/secondary schools were investigated by using the data of NAASH (National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health). The environmental factors, e.g., outdoor temperature, relative humidity and global solar radiation, were obtained at the closest meteorological observatory at the time of occurrence. 1328 cases of heatstroke were reported in the data of NAASH for the investigated schools. Of the 1328 cases, 836 were occurred at school area, i.e., schoolyard and school building. Of the 836 cases occurred at school, 533 were occurred on schoolyard, 204 were in gymnasium, 66 were in school house, and 20 were in swimming pool. Out of the 836 cases of heatstroke at school, 503 cases were occurred during athletic extracurricular activities, 104 were occurred on field day, 85 were occurred during the class of physical education. The relationships between the environmental factors, i.e., outdoor temperature, wet-bulb temperature, WBGT (wet-bulb globe temperature), and humidity ratio, and the risk factor, i.e., the odds ratio of heatstroke, were obtained. The risk factors of heatstroke for schoolyard, gymnasium, and school house, had a good correlation with WBGT, and this relationship would be used for the evidence when designing safe school environment.

著者

花里 俊廣

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.676, pp.1283-1292, 2012-06-30 (Released:2012-07-27)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify the social activities by the foreign people of Karuizawa in the summer of 1930. First, we investigate several archival data of the years 1911, 1919, 1930 and 1939 in order to situate the summer retreat area in Karuizawa around the year 1930. Through the investigation of these data, we would be able to find out that, while substantial number of villas owned by forigners have been existed, the ones owned by Japanese have increased rapidly and have started to mixed together. Second, by the analysis on the correspondent articles of the newspaper, The Japan Times, in the summer of 1930, we could understand that their summer activities having been started from a series of Chirstian missionaries meetings and the annual meeting of the Federation of Chiristian Missions, that were followed by the Karuizawa Summer Residents' Accociation tennis tournament, its community concerts, and ended with farewell social gatherings. In addition, all of these activities seems to be well structured in order to entertain both foreign and Japanese occupants.

著者

岡田 悟 飯淵 康一 永井 康雄

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.527, pp.233-240, 2000-01-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

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Sendai was the capital of Sendai-Han. "Gaijin" means a foreigner and "Gaijin-ya" means a guest house for foreigner. Through the examination of historical mateials, following results are ascertained; (1)Gaijin-ya was built at first in 1632-1641. (2)There were 5 Gaijin-yas in the latter half of 17th century, but 4 of them were disposed in 1694 and only one had existed until the end of Edo-Era. (3)Gaijin-ya was composed of Goza-no-ma(main guest room), Shisha-no-ma(room for messenger), Hiro-ma(entrance room) and cookroom.

著者

ODERO James 夏目 欣昇 若山 滋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.638, pp.993-1001, 2009

被引用文献数

1

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This study aims to analyze and clarify the urban and architectural spatial elements of the slums as depicted in the Kenyan urban literature by a renowned Kenyan writer, Meja Mwangi, where the slum areas in Nairobi play the role of stage. We first extracted all the urban and architectural terms from the texts and divided them into ten major categories for analysis. This we did in order to obtain the general urban and architectural space context of the slums. Next, we extracted the various stages used by the author to expound the plot of a story and grouped them into eight different categories for analysis. This we did by counting the total number of words that we used to denote the length of time the author dwelt on that stage to explain a scene. Lastly we re-extracted the urban and architectural terms as they appeared on the stage categories obtained above. From the observations on stage analysis, we were able to identify the major spatial spheres of the slums and their composition.<br> Our study showed that lifestyle in slums is very simple and temporary. Next, we established that streets, bar and restaurants and the homes are the major spatial spheres in the slums. These are cheap, simple and temporary in form and are composed in coexistence within a rowdy atmosphere. This lifestyle is similar the traditional African lifestyle in the villages prior to colonial rule, showing that lifestyle in the slums could be an extension of the rural lifestyle into the city. Understanding this is will be helpful in making future decisions to solve this problem.

著者

遠藤 由樹 土本 俊和 吉澤 政己 和田 勝 西山 マルセーロ 笹川 明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.532, pp.215-222, 2000

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

4 4

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This paper traces the transition of the thatched vernacular house in Shinshu area from the medieval to the post-medieval. It targets the post between the ridge and the beam in Sasu-gumi which is one of the roof truss structures. The post tends to be seen in the upper class's house during the initial stage of the post-medieval era. The post probably comes from the post called Munamochi-bashira which can independently stand from the earth directly to the ridge in the medieval vernacular house. The paper concludes that the post forms important links which are missed between them.

著者

福原 由美 塩崎 賢明 堀田 祐三子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.590, pp.95-102, 2005

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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This study aims to describe the birth and to grasp the structure of Urban Pilot Project of the European Commission by investigating not only through documentary reference but also through the case study of Antwerp. From the results, UPP I has some characteristics as follows; 1) Any cities could apply for UPP I and be able to receive the subsidy directly. 2) Cities didn't need complicated process for UPP I 3) Innovative measures for urban regeneration and impinge on the formation of future urban policies. UPP I was very valuable source of revenue for these cities like Antwerp.

著者

澤田 樹一郎 中村 雄治 松尾 彰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.485, pp.117-125, 1996-07-30 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3 3

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The optimum elastic and plastic design methods of plane rigid frames have been proposed in many previous studies. But, they have not dealt with the ootimum design problem considering elastic constraints and plastic constraints simultaneously. In this paper, first, the limit analysis method is presented considering the axial force-bending moment interaction vield condition. Next, the optimum design method is suggested, in which the minimum weight design of a structure is obtained under the simultaneous constraints of elastic stresses, elastic story drift angles, plastic faqilure load factors and the strength ratios of column-to-beam. And, solving the optimum plastic design problem of a portal frame and the optimum elastic and plastic design problem of a 12 story frame, It is confirmed that this method gives the optimum design solution.

著者

中村 航 古谷 誠章

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.662, pp.755-762, 2011

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The Coffee Shop called Kopi Tiam in Malaysia is an interesting system of eating house as assembly of hawkers. The independent hawkers with each special meal are assembled by the shop's owner, and the owner provides drink stall and tables for eat. It is similar to Hawker Centre in Singapore or modern food court, but It seems to became a spontaneous system to sustain the quality of foods. The Coffee Shop in Malaysia is analyzed by compared with Hawker Centre in Singapore to clarify the system and know a type of the plan.

著者

板谷 敏正 小松 幸夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.741, pp.2939-2948, 2017

被引用文献数

3

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&nbsp;In this research we conducted a long-term survey of the actual states of repair construction on buildings. From the investigation, we estimate the most suitable renewal cycle of the parts and equipment in buildings. If we know the appropriate renewal cycles of major parts and equipment in buildings, we can keep buildings in good conditions for long time.<br><br>&nbsp;1) In the first half of the analysis, we surveyed the current situation of repairing works conducted on 668 buildings. Preventative repair works are periodically carried out, however it was understood that the number and the cost of reconstruction after the malfunction takes much more proportion than those of preventative repair works.<br>&nbsp;2) In the middle stage, we researched the reliability and the failure rate of various part and equipment in buildings and estimated long-term tendencies. The rough life span of the building parts and the types of equipment were estimated from the calculated reliability functions. It was made clear that the life spans of them are almost about 30 years. The failure rate gradually increased a little around 15-20 years after completion.<br>&nbsp;3) In the final section, we used the total maintenance costs, calculated by the failure rate and the failure risks, and estimated the most suitable renewal cycle of the parts and equipment in buildings. As a result, it turned out that the failure risk has a large impact on the determination of the optimal renewal cycle. As for the electrical equipment, the suitable optimal cycle is around 20 years when the failure risk increases threefold. It will be around 15 years if the failure risk increases tenfold.

著者

青山 剛 大坂谷 吉行 櫨山 知花

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.307-312, 2002-06

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Industrial sightseeing is noteworthy in diversification of sightseeing needs. It is defined as a sightseeing course to include at least one industrial heritage. Muroran City had grown up as a heavy industrial city and a port city until 1971. The present situation and issues of industrial sightseeing in Muroran City were analyzed through the questionnaire to participants of factories sightseeing event. Experience to make something in young generation, combination of industrial heritages and sightseeing boat to see natural coastal viewpoints, watching whales or dolphins and restaurants were requested and should be considered to make program industrial sightseeing.