著者

保田 卓

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.58, pp.387-388, 2006-09-22

著者

保田 卓

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.55, pp.140-141, 2003-09-20

著者

保田 卓

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.40-41, 2000-09-15

著者

冨江 英俊

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.57, pp.141-142, 2005-09-17

著者

潮木 守一 山本 眞一 小林 信一 市川 惇信 宮澤 彰 矢野 眞和 岩澤 康裕 植草 益 三浦 真琴 浦田 広朗

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.46, pp.235-238, 1994-10-08

著者

保田 卓

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.213-214, 1998-10-30

著者

原田 彰 藤田 由美子 白松 賢 伊藤 一統 作田 良三 福井 基美子 渡辺 一弘

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.46, pp.4-7, 1994-10-08

著者

門脇 厚司 木村 敬子

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.149-150, 1986-11-01

著者

藤村 正司

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, pp.27-48, 2009-11-30

被引用文献数

2

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In a society like Japan, where half of students graduating from high school go on to college, there seems to be a universal belief that anyone who wishes to can gain access to college. In line with this, higher education policy has been directed toward increasing the quality of education. As a consequence, less attention seems to have been given to the ideal of equal opportunities for higher education. However, parental financial support for children has been pushed to the limit because of decreasing public finance and rising tuition at private universities. Yet there has been little systematic investigation of economic disparities in access to universities and the potential of equal opportunity policy. This article attempts to fill this gap. The 2005 National Students' Career Survey (NSCS) data set, which consists of the data from 4,000 high school seniors and their parents filled by random sampling, provides materials for examining these issues. We first estimated the marginal effect of the "achievement-income" dummy variables, high school rank, sex, and parent's education on the probability of university attendance. Secondly, in order to examine the role of national universities, which are supposed to enroll students with "high academic achievement and low-income," we examined mobility patterns of application and admission among respondents as a function of city size, and university type (national/private). After examining the relationship between these patterns, we reported the results of the logit model to predict the marginal effect on four outcomes (national/private, home/away). We then investigated the effectiveness of scholarship loan programs (category 2 loans from JASSO, which bear interest) on the probability of university attendance. And finally, to clarify the reason not of "risk aversion" but of why parents go into debt, and to identify the latent group which applies for the loan program, a latent class analysis was used. The major findings are as follows: (1) Economic inequality in access to university education still exists after controlling other factors. (2) National universities guarantee post-secondary opportunities for students with "high academic achievement and low-income." (3) Student loan programs based on prior applications do not increase the accessibility of low-income students to colleges. These results show that, rather than loans themselves acting as an incentive, parents who have already intended to enroll their children into university apply for the loan program. (4) Parents who are willing to go into debt belong to a latent class, which are characterized as low-or middle-income, upward mobility. These findings show that the tight financial conditions facing higher education since the 1990s have changed the incentive structure by creating policies that give low-income families incentives comparable to those of higher-income families. Therefore, guaranteeing college opportunities for the low-income students, and extending opportunities for individual choice, are important problem for higher education policy.

著者

石川 良子

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.57, pp.195-196, 2005-09-17

著者

滝口 克典

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.59, pp.5-6, 2007-09-22

著者

片田孫 朝日

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.57, pp.131-132, 2005-09-17

著者

岩永 雅也

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.134-145, 1983-10-20

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The rapidly increasing number of unemployed youths has now become a most common phenomenon in many western capitalist countries. In Japan, however, there is no visible increase in the rate of youth unemployment, because in Japanese labor markets the number of so-called "first job seekers" is very small. On the other hand Japanese unemployed youths remain without jobs for a longer period than their western counterparts (especially U.S.A.). Thus we can presume that the Japanese youth labor markets are structurely organized not to discharge the employed and also not to charge the unemployed from the outside. This sort of structure is known as the institution of "collective employment" of school leavers. Because this institution minimizes the "gap" between schools and work, business companies can meet their demands for labor, and school leavers can also avoid the risk to be unemployed. But for companies, it would be better to recruit workers whoes productivity has already been tested through previous job experiences. How do companies measure the productivity of school leavers without job experience? Japanese companies (especially big ones) resolve this dilemma through organizing the youth labor markets in the dual (outer/inner) dimensions. First, the "outer" organization is the segmentation of the labor market rigidly combined with educational attainments of school leavers. Secondly, the "inner" organization is the organization of the career education system in schools (especially high-schools) based on a kind of hierarchy of schools. By this way business companies can shift the responsibility for measuring the productivity of their new conscripts to schools.

著者

冠野 文

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.256-258, 2000-05-15

著者

門脇 厚司

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.399-402, 1992-08-07

著者

阿部 耕也

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.151-165, 1986-10-15

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This paper attempts to investigate caller-counsellor (child-adult) interaction focusing on typification. By means of discourse analysis, councellor's typification of children is dealt with as social interaction. We believe that this typification process can be considered to be an important function of socialization. The form of typification in conversational data was analysed by following procedures. (1) The counsellor tipifies the caller by selecting a certain categorization device out of many possible devices applicable to the caller. We can formulate "adequacy" of this typification in caller-counsellor interaction from the viewpoint of Sacks's "categorization problem". In terms of this standard of "adequacy", counsellor's typification acts were examined in reference to all possible categorization devices. (2) It was analyzed in counselling process how the counsellor used those typification devices for redefinition of caller's situations and for producing prescriptions. As a result, we find (1) typification has a tendency to convergence into certain devices, especially the "school year" device which is seemed to have a "previlege" in counsellor's selection, and (2) typification of caller is managed by counsellor all the way through counselling process. These findings suggest that "telephone counselling" as a socialization process has a function as "circuit to school (education)".

著者

山田 礼子 相原 総一郎 沖 清豪 杉谷 祐美子

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.58, pp.119-122, 2006-09-22

著者

濱口 恵俊

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.14-29, 1992-10-10

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This paper aims at clarifying the basis of education in advanced information society. This type of society depends on four functional requisites : (1) completely digital form of information, (2) congruency of processing of information by computer with its transmission, (3) systematic composition of various media, and (4) an easy search of and retrieval from database as well as data processing, approximating, as much as possible, human brain. Next we examined the demerits of that kind of society from the viewpoint of users as to the following four points : (1) the feasibility of information as economic "goods," (2) the correspondence of eufunction of new media with the neccesity of them, (3) the real possibility of man-machine interface, and (4) dealing with excessive information in the present situation. More important problems in advanced information society are discussed. One is the significance of human nexus in an electronic communication. The realities of "Off-line Meeting" among the chatting members of Bulletin Board System are reported, based on data obtained through participant observation. Face-to-face relations are recognized as significant among them in spite of their intimate contact through nightly computer networking. The other problem exists in the recent developement of "Virtual Reality." This new apparatus produces "more real than reality" using Computer Graphics. But it makes us confound the realities and the computer-made environments. This may prove a possible source of mental crisis because it distorts our proper recognition.

著者

原 清治 山内 乾史 小川 啓一 深堀 聰子 梶間 みどり

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.58, pp.221-224, 2006-09-22

著者

原 清治 山内 乾史 小川 啓一 深堀 聰子 植田(梶間) みどり

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.59, pp.85-88, 2007-09-22