著者

田辺 裕

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.466-470, 1993

被引用文献数

1

著者

南 賢太郎 福田 整司

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.20-30, 1966-09-30 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

17

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Contamination limits on the skin surface employed as a guide of the radiation protection for occupationally exposed individuals are derived by taking into account the external exposure dose to the skin and the internal exposure dose recieved by the inhalation, ingestion and skin penetration of the contaminants.The adequacy of the derived limits is discussed in relation to the detection probability of a hand-foot monitor for the hand contamination.The contamination limits for the skin, which have been adopted in other establishments, are also reviewed together with the general basis of the derivation.

著者

長沢 忠明 上野 陽里 河合 廣

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.209-212, 1981 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

13

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The transfer of tritium from a mouse injected with tritiated water to a mouse contact with the injected mouse was observed. Tritium transfered mainly through the air of small cage where both mice were haused. The kinetics of transfer to the tissues exposed to air, the skin and the lens, were similar to those to the tissues unexposed to air, the muscle and the testes. The absorbed doses of contact mice were 3-8% of injected mice for 125hr. The results showed that the contaminated individual was the source of contamination himself.

著者

上野 陽里 滝本 晃一

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.317-321, 1988 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

16

---

The various changes occuring in sperm are often used to estimate the effects of toxic substances in the environment, for the reasons that sperm are the experimental materials concerning to the genetic effects and we can get them easily and repeatedly. As the environmental external ionizing radiation and radioactive elements in the environment are the factors to induce various effects on human body; it is likely to use sperm to estimate the effects of these factors on human body. The present experiment was carried out to evaluate whether the morphological or histochemical changes in sperm were of use to estimate the effects of radiation in the environment health physically, or not. X-rays and tritiated water were used in the present experiment. The observed effects in sperm were the reduction in sperm, morphological changes of sperm head, and the incidence of α-glycerolphophate dehydrogenase (α-GPD) deficient sperm. The results showed that the incidence of the α-GPD deficient sperm was the most suitable index to show the effects of ionizing radiation in three observed changes in sperm, because this change is hardly observed in the normal unirradiated mice and the incidence of α-GPD deficient sperm increased linearly till 1.5 Gy, that is, the relation was shown by the equation: y (%, incidence)=3.07×(Gy, dose).

著者

上野 陽里

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.4, pp.505-512, 1982 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

27

著者

市川 竜資

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.317-326, 1968 (Released:2010-03-15)

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In view of the rapid increase of nuclear energy facilities such as power plants, fuel-reprocessing plants and so forth, the safe control of the disposal of radioactive wastes into the sea has been and will be of great concern in the world. The present paper deals with the following matters; (1) historical background information of radioactive contamination of the sea due to the past military use of atomic energy, (2) natural and artificial radioactivity in the sea, (3) general features of the behaviour of radioactive nuclides in marine environment, (4) safe management of coastal discharge of radioactive liquid wastes, (5) disposal of solid radioactive wastes into deep sea bottom, and (6) problem on international control of radioactivity release in marine environment.

著者

Shin’ichi KUDO Akemi NISHIDE Jun’ichi ISHIDA Keiko YOSHIMOTO Hiroshige FURUTA Fumiyoshi KASAGI

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.32-39, 2020-04-01 (Released:2020-05-21)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2 2

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The health effects of low-dose or low-dose rate of radiation are still controversial. There is little evidence to show if radiation risk is greater than other risks, such as lifestyle or socio-economic factors, including smoking. This study aimed to directly compare radiation and smoking risk on cancer mortality by deriving both risk factors simultaneously from one cohort. The study population was Japanese nuclear workers who were engaged until the end of March, 1999. A lifestyle questionnaire was distributed in 1997 and 2003 and smoking information was obtained. Radiation dose was supplied by Radiation Dose Registration Center in Radiation Effects Association. Poisson regression was used to derive radiation excess relative risk (ERR) per 100 mSv and smoking (ERR) per 20 pack-years. Radiation doses were lagged by 10 years. There were 71,733 subjects. The total person-years was 591,000, and the number of deaths for all cancers excluding leukemia was 1,326. For all cancers excluding leukemia, the ERR of radiation per 100 mSv was 0.08 (90% CI: −0.08, 0.28), and the ERR of smoking per 20 pack-years was 0.57 (90% CI: 0.44, 0.73). In addition to all cancers excluding leukemia, stomach cancer, lung cancer, smoking-related cancers showed significantly smaller radiation ERRs than smoking ERRs. These results suggest that, even if a low-dose radiation risk existed, it was much smaller than smoking risk.

著者

伊藤 公一 吉村 博幸 岡野 好伸

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.269-275, 1998 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

8

著者

熊取 敏之

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.377-383, 1982 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

17

著者

斎藤 公明 木名瀬 栄 鈴木 敏和 仲野 高志 佐藤 裕一 石榑 信人 岩井 敏

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.38-52, 2007 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

16

---

The expert committee on development and utilization of phantoms had activities from April, 2004 to March, 2006 sponsored by the Japan Health Physics Society. The purpose of the committee was to accumulate and share the latest information concerning phantoms and related technical issues, and to discuss how and for what phantoms should be utilized in future. The committee had twelve meetings and one symposium. Many people took part in the activity including the committee members, observers and other participants; we had a certain number of lectures covering versatile topics and chances to discuss essential problems including sophistication and standardization of phantoms. Some parts of the information we obtained in this activity have been presented in the articles in series.

著者

斎藤 公明 木名瀬 栄 藤崎 達也 平岡 武 齋藤 秀敏 津田 修一 佐藤 薫 高島 房生

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.158-168, 2006 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

46

---

The expert committee on development and utilization of phantoms had activities from April, 2004 to March, 2006 sponsored by the Japan Health Physics Society. The purpose of the committee was to accumulate and share the latest information concerning phantoms and related technical issues, and to discuss how and for what phantoms should be utilized in future. The committee had twelve meetings and one symposium. Many people took part in the activity including the committee members, observers and other participants; we had a certain number of lectures covering versatile topics and chances to discuss essential problems including sophistication and standardization of phantoms. Some parts of the information we obtained in this activity will be presented in the articles in series.

著者

山本 英明 浅野 芳裕 松井 浩

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.25-32, 1984 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 1

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The literature on plutonium aerosols was surveyed for information (1) particle size distributions of plutonium aerosols from nuclear facilities, (2) collection efficiencies for plutonium aerosol particles of multi-stage HEPA filter systems used as exhaust air cleaning systems in these facilities, and (3) particle size distributions of plutonium aerosols discharged through the air cleaning systems.Following are the results.1. Mean particle sizes of plutonium aerosols from chemical plants are about 0.5μm AMAD and from fuel fabrication plants about 3μcm AMAD.2. Average collection efficiencies for plutonium aerosols of the first and second stage HEPA filters in the multi-stage HEPA filter systems exceed 99.99%.3. Mean particle sizes of plutonium aerosols discharged through the air cleaning systems are 0.2μm-0.4μm AMAD for chemical plants and 0.5μm-1.2μm AMAD for fuel fabrication plants.

著者

長岡 和則 古渡 意彦 佐藤 昭二 虻川 成司 樋口 英雄 中村 尚司

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.352-361, 2004 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

4 6

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Field measurements of the cosmic-ray neutron dose rate on the ground using the neutron dose-equivalent counter developed by Nakamura were conducted in order to allow an understanding of neutron dose rate distribution in Japan. The effects of altitude, geomagnetic latitude, snowfall and rainfall on the neutron dose rate were confirmed from the results of the field measurements. Altitude variation can be fitted to an exponential function (eαZ), where Z is altitude (km). The α value for the neutron dose rate increased with increasing geomagnetic latitude, 0.6-0.8(km-1) at latitudes 20°-40°. Roughly, α=0.01×L+0.4 (for Z under 2km), where L is the geomagnetic latitude(°). The effect of geomagnetic latitude on the neutron dose rate was approximately 2% per degree(°) at latitudes 20°-40° Reductions in neutron dose rate due to snowfall and rainfall are caused by a decrease in component backscattering from wet ground surfaces. The neutron dose rate (H*(10)) at sea level at a geomagnetic latitude near 25° in 2002 was approximately 4nSv/h, and the neutron dose rate obtained from the neutron energy spectrum up to 400MeV with the Bonner sphere counter developed by Uwamino was 5.7nSv/h. This difference may by due to the low sensitivity of the dose-equivalent counter to neutrons with energies above 15MeV.

著者

小西 恵美子 小野 道実 小泉 彰 河内 典子 吉沢 康雄

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.4, pp.594-602, 1969 (Released:2010-03-15)

参考文献数

5

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In spite of the increasing use of electron microscopes, very few considerations have been given to the emission of radiation from the equipment. This is mainly due to the fact that the radiation is emmitted as “an unwanted by-product”of the equipment. Radiation surveys were carried out on twelve epuipments of Japanese manufacture. Informations obtained from the surveys were;1) Radiation leakage was observed from eight equipments.2) Electron gun, viewing window and photo-chamber were main locations where radiation leakage was observed.3) Structural defects in the equipment were important causes of radiation leakage.Following opinions were offered from a health physics standpoint;1) The equipment is required to be constructed and installed so as to provide adequate protection.2) A legalistic radiation safety standard is neededfor theequipment manufacturer.3) In a radiation safety program, it is important to obviate any radiation leakage rather than to assess the doses liable to be incurred.

著者

松野 太郎

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.199-207, 1986 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

6

著者

杉浦 紳之 平 純一 竹中 圭介 山中 和夫 菅井 研自 小佐古 敏荘

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.214-220, 2007 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

7 7

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The smear test is one of the important ways to measure surface contamination. The loose contamination under the high back-ground radiation, which is more significant in handling non-sealed radioisotopes, can be evaluated by this method. The removal factor is defined as the ratio of the activity removed from the surface by one smear sample to the whole activity of the removable surface contamination. The removal factor is greatly changed by the quality and condition of surface materials. In this study, the values of removal factor at several typical surface conditions were evaluated experimentally and the practical application of those values was considered. It is required the smear should be pressed by moderate pressure when wiping the surface. The pressure from 1.0kg to 1.5kg per filter paper was recommended. The removal factor showed lower value in wiping by the pressure below 1.0kg. The value of 0.5 for the removal factor could be applied to the smooth surface of linoleum, concrete coated with paint or epoxy resin, stainless steel and glass with the statistical allowance.

著者

寿藤 紀道 小林 育夫 村上 博幸 三宅 敏雄

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.95-101, 2001 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1

著者

岩井 敏

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.211-225, 2008 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

40

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In the field of radiation protection, quality factor Q (L) and radiation weighting factor wR are important coefficients for estimating both radiation protection and operational quantities to the mixed types of radiation exposure. However, some inconsistencies might be found between Q (L) and wR for estimating effective dose, for example. Some inconsistencies are attributed to incomplete definition of terms Q (L) and wR. This report presents the root and evolution of quality factor Q (L) and radiation weighting factor wR for the years 1931-2007, to clarify the current issues of inconsistencies to be solved.

著者

小木曽 洋一 山田 裕司 飯田 治三 福津 久美子 福田 俊

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.308-313, 1998 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

15

著者

泉 幸男 藤田 稔 矢部 明

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.213-219, 1972 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 1

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The contents of 131I in the thyroid of radioisotope workers were measured with a large NaI (T1) detector. For this purpose, a practical and convenient method was developed to estimate the fraction of 131I in the thyroid of that in the total body, f2, as well as the contents of 131I in the thyroid.The observed value of 131I content in the thyroid varied to some extent with the difference of the relative position between the thyroid and the detector. Three per cent of the coefficient of variation. was observed at actual measurements for human subjects.The values of f2 for 63 people who inhaled 131I were determined. They fit a log-normal distribution on ranging widely from 0.17 to 0.68. The geometrical mean was calculated as 0.28. In addition, the change with time of the 131I contents in the thyroid was followed for 11 cases to determine the effective half-lives. These values ranged from 4.9 to 7.6 days and the mean value with the standard deviation was 6.6±0.7 days. This mean value is a little less than the value for the standard man (7.6 days) given by the ICRP.