著者

遠藤 正行 鷺谷 広道 真知田 宏

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.5, pp.422-426, 1991-05-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

30

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A new method, a combination of the tape-stripped and paper-absorbent methods, was developed for measuring the distribution of peroxide and skin surface lipids on their depth in human stratum corneum. Peroxide lipids were shown to be produced not only in the top layer of the stratum corneum in the skin of people not exposed to sunlight but in the deep layer as well. Their compositions were correlated to those of skin surface lipids. Peroxide lipids in the outer layer were more easily produced than those in inner layers, possibly due to higher squalene content in the outer lipids. The removal of peroxide and skin surface lipids from the stratum corneum was also conducted and the washing properties were noted to differ. Peroxide lipids not only in the outer layer but also in the inner layer could be washed away while washing removed skin surface lipids only from the top layer. The addition of a cleanser enhanced removal efficiency.The removal efficiency of three surfactants differing in hydrophilic groups, i.e. phosphate, sulfate and carboxylate groups, was assessed. The phosphate type surfactant was found more capable of removing skin surface lipids in the stratum corneum.Based on the present results, an ideal cleanser should wash away peroxide lipids situated deeply within and harmful to the skin, but only skin surface lipids which function as a surfactant barrier.

著者

山根 厳美 豊田 貞男 奥村 統 中澤 忠久 小川 政英

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.151-156, 1986-03-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

松永 是 中村 徳幸

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.814-820, 1995-10-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and icosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are valuable nutrients because they have important roles as the constituents of structural lipids in the nervous tissues of human brain and retina. In addition, DHA, EPA and other omega-3 fatty acids are important factors in the prevention of several human diseases. Fishes have been the dietary source of these fatty acids and they originate from the marine microbes upon which the fishes feed. Therefore, these marine microbes cultured under control could be utilized as alternative source of the omega-3 fatty acids.Marine microalgae are rich in DHA and EPA. However, very few species of freshwater algae contain significant amounts of these compounds. The marine unicellular alga Isochrysis galbana is well known as a source of such fatty acids and this species has been used extensively as a food source for aquaculture. The advantage of the marine microalgae such as I. galbana over other microbes as sources of polyunsaturated fatty acid is that this alga may be grown photosynthetically using carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source and seawater as a source of minerals.In this paper, we focused on the production of marine microalgae as an alternative source of polyunsaturated fatty acid. We have screened a number of species of marine microalga specifically for their ability to produce DHA and EPA and have optimized the growth conditions for I. galbana. The utilization of microalgae as feed for cultivation of rotifers is also reported. Moreover, the applications of genetic engineering for EPA production are also demonstrated.

著者

Yuwei Chen Yongbo She Ramandeep Kaur Na Guo Xiaohua Zhang Ruisan Zhang Xingchun Gou

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.9, pp.811-816, 2019 (Released:2019-09-04)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

10

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as the leading cause of dealth worldwide today. Lowering circulating total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the most effective approaches of CVD prevention. Dietary guidelines and health organizations approved using plant sterols (PS) as the alternative to conventional method in attenuating circulating TC and LDL-C levels and risk of CVD. However, current findings apprear to be controversial on the efficacy of PS. Giving the rise of the field “Nutrigenetics", single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) such as CYP7A1-rs3808607 have been identified that strongly associate with cholesterol metabolism in response to PS intake, towards causing inter-individual variations. This review article aims to discuss the efficacy of dietary PS in managing cholesterol levels based on findings from recent studies. The scope includes reviewing evidence on supporting the efficacy, the metabolic claims, inter-individual variations as well as sitosterolemia associated with PS intake.

著者

俣野 景典

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.8, pp.713-721, 1970-08-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

48

著者

坂田 隆 市川 宏文

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.10, pp.1205-1212, 1997-10-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

3 4 18

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大腸内細菌は酢酸, プロピオン酸, 酪酸のような短鎖脂肪酸をつくる。大腸内での短鎖脂肪酸生産の主要な制御要因は基質の種類と流入速度, 大腸内での内容物の滞留速度である。短鎖脂肪酸は大腸上皮細胞の主要エネルギー源であるとともに, 全身のエネルギー収支に貢献する。また, 短鎖脂肪酸は大腸での水や溶質の吸収, 大腸粘膜の血流, 腸上皮増殖, 腸運動, 膵臓外分泌などの機能に影響する。

著者

Soek Sin Teh Augustine Soon Hock Ong Yuen May Choo Siau Hui Mah

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.6, pp.697-706, 2018 (Released:2018-06-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

9 11

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Saturated fats are commonly claimed to raise human blood cholesterols and contribute to cardiovascular disease. Previous literature data were highlighted that although palm oil is 50% saturated, it does not behave like a saturated fat. Human trials were conducted to compare the effects on serum cholesterol levels given by palm olein and monounsaturated oils. It was postulated that saturation/unsaturation of the fatty acids situated at sn-2 positions of triglycerides in the fat molecules determine the induced blood lipid levels but not the overall saturation of oils. The results showed that the lipid parameters (LDL and HDL) effects induced by these oils are similar with no significant differences. This study provides concrete evidence that the unsaturation levels of these oils at sn-2 position of TG are similar (90-100%) which are claimed to be responsible for the lipid parameters. In conclusion, the public negative perception on believing that the overall saturation of oils is detrimental to health should be corrected because in fact the unsaturation at sn-2 positions of the saturated vegetable fat such as palm olein and cocoa butter make them behave like mono-unsaturated oils, unlike saturated animal fats that possess a high content of saturated fatty acids at sn-2 position.

著者

Hisanori Tokuda Toshiaki Sueyasu Masanori Kontani Hiroshi Kawashima Hiroshi Shibata Yoshihiko Koga

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.633-644, 2015 (Released:2015-06-01)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

8 23

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Several studies have reported that the supplementation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) improve cognitive function in the elderly. However, the doses used in these studies were higher than general dietary LCPUFA intake levels. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of low doses of LCPUFA supplementation corresponding to general dietary intake on cognitive function in non-demented elderly Japanese participants. Japanese men aged 55-64 years were enrolled and randomly allocated to the placebo or LCPUFA group. Participants received 4 weeks of supplementation with LCPUFA-containing oil (DHA, 300 mg/day; EPA, 100 mg/day; and ARA, 120 mg/day) or purified olive oil as placebo. Event-related potential P300, reflecting cognitive processes, was measured before and after supplementation. A total of 113 participants completed the supplementation period, and the per-protocol analysis included 69 participants. Changes in P300 latency were significantly different between the placebo group (+13.6 msec) and the LCPUFA group (-1.8 msec) after supplementation. Significant increases in DHA (+0.9%) and ARA (+0.6%) contents in plasma phospholipids were observed in the LCPUFA group; no changes were observed in the placebo group. Dietary DHA, EPA, and ARA intake were in the normal range for Japan participants and remained unchanged during the study. These results suggest that low doses of LCPUFA supplementation have the potential to improve cognitive function in elderly Japanese men.

著者

太田 静行

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.7, pp.469-488, 1980-07-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

90

被引用文献数

4 4

著者

Ayumi Fukazawa Takuya Karasawa Yuma Yokota Saki Kondo Toshiaki Aoyama Shin Terada

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.7, pp.989-993, 2021 (Released:2021-07-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2

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We previously reported that consuming a ketogenic diet containing medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) might be a valuable dietary strategy for endurance athletes. However, the long-term safety of the diet has not been established, and there is a concern that a higher intake of MCTs increases the liver triacylglycerol content. In this study, we found that consuming an MCT-containing ketogenic diet for 24 weeks decreased, rather than increased, the liver triacylglycerol concentration and did not aggravate safety-related blood biomarkers in male Wistar rats. Our results may therefore suggest that the long-term intake of a ketogenic diet containing MCTs may have no deleterious effects on physiological functions.

著者

越智 知子 木下 葉子 太田 千穂 丸山 武紀 新谷 〓 菅野 道廣

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.275-283, 1996-03-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 3

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輸入品及び国産品のビスケット類に含まれているトランス脂肪酸量について調査した。1) 総トランス酸含量には輸入品及び国産品ともかなりの幅があった。主たるトランス酸は輸入品及び国産品ともt-18 : 1 であった。また, 輸入品の1銘柄と国産品の3銘柄から魚油硬化油に由来する少量の t-20 : 1, t-22 : 1が検出された。2) 輸入品の多くの試料はトランス酸を20%以上含み, 国産品の多くの試料のトランス酸は 15% 以下で, トコトリエノールが検出された。このことは輸入品は植物硬化油を多く配合し, 国産品はパーム油と植物硬化油を混合して用いることが示された。3) 各試料の1サービング当たりのトランス酸含有量は輸入品では 0.26~1.78, 国産品では 0, 40~1, 05 と算出された。日本人の1人1日当たりのビスケット摂取量から求めたトランス酸の摂取量は230 (輸入品) ~140 (国産品) と見積もられた。

著者

梶本 五郎 山口 博司

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.8, pp.629-635, 1992-08-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

9

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The characteristics of soaps prepared from waste edible oil (oils before desgarding used frying oils at home or school refectory) or soybean and rapeseed oils with different degrees of thermal oxidation were investigated. Thermal oxidation oils were prepared by heating in a fryer (National NF-F 100) at 180°C for 20 and 40 h. Waste edible oil collected from home and school was combined. Preparation method of soap, method I. Soaps from fresh and thermal oxidation oils were prepared by heating at 90°C for 3 h with mixtures of 100 g fresh or thermal oxidation oils, 25 g potassium hydroxide and 300 g water. Method II. Soaps from waste edible oil were prepared at room temperature for. 30 d with mixtures of 2500 g waste edible oil, 450 g sodium hydroxide, 2000 g water (added hot water of 500 g every third day) and one cup of left-over rice. They were stored in beakers at room temperature.Anisidine, carbonyl and peroxide values and content of oxidized fatty acids (fatty substances insoluble in petroleum ether) in soap were determined with fatty acids isolated by acidifying the mixture with hydrochloric acid.Anisidine and carbonyl values of soaps prepared from thermal oxidation oil were markedly lower than those of thermal oxidation oil. Anisidine and carbonyl values were much higher in waste edible oil soap than in waste edible oil. Oxidized fatty acid content in each soap was similar to that of thermally oxidized waste edible oils. Increase in anisidine, carbonyl and peroxide values was observed during storage.

著者

薄木 理一郎 金田 尚志

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.8, pp.612-619, 1970-08-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

Azusa Takahashi Hisae Shimizu Yukako Okazaki Hirohide Sakaguchi Toshio Taira Takashi Suzuki Hideyuki Chiji

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.12, pp.1243-1250, 2015 (Released:2015-12-01)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

5 38

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Aronia fruits (chokeberry: Aronia melanocarpa E.) containing phenolic phytochemicals, such as cyanidin 3-glycosides and chlorogenic acid, have attracted considerable attention because of their potential human health benefits in humans including antioxidant activities and ability to improved vision. In the present study, the effects of anthocyanin-rich phytochemicals from aronia fruits (aronia phytochemicals) on visceral fat accumulation and fasting hyperglycemia were examined in rats fed a high-fat diet (Experiment 1). Total visceral fat mass was significantly lower in rats fed aronia phytochemicals than that in both the control group and bilberry phytochemicals-supplemented rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, perirenal and epididymal adipose tissue mass in rats fed aronia phytochemicals was significantly lower than that in both the control and bilberry phytochemicals group. Additionally, the mesenteric adipose tissue mass in aronia phytochemicals-fed rats was significantly low (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the fasting blood glucose levels significantly decreased in rats fed aronia phytochemicals for 4 weeks compared to that in the control rats (p < 0.05). Therefore, we investigated the effects of phytochemicals on postprandial hyperlipidemia after corn oil loading in rats, pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and the plasma glycemic response after sucrose loading in order to elucidate the preventive factor of aronia phytochemical on visceral fat accumulation. In the oral corn oil tolerance tests (Experiment 2), aronia phytochemicals significantly inhibited the increases in plasma triglyceride levels, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.50 mg/mL. However, the inhibitory activity was similar to that of bilberry and tea catechins. In the sucrose tolerance tests (Experiment 3), aronia phytochemicals also significantly inhibited the increases in blood glucose levels that were observed in the control animals (p < 0.05). These results suggest that anthocyanin-rich phytochemicals in aronia fruits suppress visceral fat accumulation and hyperglycemia by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity and/or intestinal lipid absorption.

著者

Takashi NAKAMURA Katsuyuki SATO Mitsuo AKIBA Masao OHNISHI

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.191-197, 2006 (Released:2006-03-14)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 12

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In these experiments, the antioxidative activity of urobilinogen, a major fecal pigment-related compound and reduced metabolite of bilirubin, was shown. Urobilinogen was synthesized from commercial bilirubin by reduction, and the structure was confirmed with mass spectroscopy and NMR analyses. The product was identified as i-urobilinogen. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of urobilinogen was higher than other antioxidants (α-tocopherol, bilirubin and β-carotene). Moreover, the formation of hydroperoxides of linoleic acid with 2, 2’-azobis (2, 4- dimethylvaleronitrile) in methanol was suppressed by the addition of synthesized urobilinogen. On the other hand, in the NMR spectrum measurement, we found the signal decrease of a proton from C10 methylene. It was shown that this proton was exchanged with a deutrium of CD3OD. This methylene can easily release the hydrogen as proton donor. These results suggest that urobilinogen can inhibit the radical chain reaction by trapping free radicals.

著者

松尾 聿朗 犬飼 則子

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.10, pp.827-831, 1988-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

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Skin surface is covered with very thin lipid film called as skin surface lipids. Skin surface lipids are the mixture of sebum originated from sebaceous gland and epidermal lipids. Epidermal lipid is the minor component of skin surface lipids and occupies less than 5 % of skin surface lipids. However, the epidermal lipids, especially ceramide, play an important role in water barrier function of the skin.

著者

Hirofumi Watanabe Masaki Okawara Yoshiharu Matahira Takashi Mano Tatsuya Wada Naoko Suzuki Tsuyoshi Takara

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.12, pp.1597-1607, 2020 (Released:2020-12-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

9

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Objectives: Plasmalogen, phospholipids with previously shown associations with dementia, has attracted attention as a substance found in some studies to improve cognitive function. The effects of ascidian-derived plasmalogens on cognitive performance improvement were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study including Japanese adult volunteers with mild forgetfulness.Methods: Participants consumed either the active food containing ascidian-derived plasmalogen (1 mg as plasmalogen) or the placebo food for 12 weeks, and their cognitive performance was assessed by Cognitrax. Participants were randomly allocated into the intervention (ascidian-derived plasmalogen; 8 males, and 17 females; 45.6 ± 11.1 years) or the placebo (9 males, and 15 females; mean age, 46.4 ± 10.8 years) group. Results: Compared to the placebo group, the intervention group showed a significant increase score in composite memory (eight weeks: 3.0 ± 16.3 points, 12 weeks: 6.7 ± 17.5 points), which was defined as the sum of verbal and visual memory scores.Conclusions: These results indicate the consumption of ascidian-derived plasmalogen maintains and enhances memory function. This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN-CTR, registry no. UMIN000026297). This study did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

著者

奥田 拓道

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.10, pp.989-996,1195, 1999-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 1

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脂肪細胞には, 脂肪の合成と分解の代謝経路が存在する。脂肪合成には, グルコース経路とリポタンパク経路がある。グルコース経路については, 現在広く信じられているインスリン受容体説の他に, 我々の提唱するNa+/H+チャネル説を紹介した。また, ヒトの脂肪細胞にもATP-citrate lyaseが存在するので, グルコースからの脂肪酸合成も可能なことを示した。リポタンパク経路は, 毛細血管内皮細胞に固定されたリポタンパクリパーゼによって, カイロミクロンやVLDLの脂肪部分が分解され, 生じた脂肪酸が細胞内に取り込まれ, 脂肪に合成される経路である。合成された脂肪は小胞の二重層の内部に蓄積され, その容量を増す。したがって, 生じた油滴の表面は, 小胞膜を形成するリン脂質やタンパク質の単層膜で覆われている。カテコールアミンやACTHによる脂肪分解反応の促進はサイクリックAMP→タンパクキナーゼ→ホルモン感性リパーゼのリン酸化による活性化といういわゆるサイクリックAMP説で説明されている。しかし調べてみると, 脂肪細胞内には, ホルモンを作用させない状態でも大量のリパーゼが存在し, ホルモンによって脂肪分解が促進したり阻害されたりしても, このリパーゼの活性は変動しない。脂肪分解反応は, リパーゼ活性の増減ではなく, リパーゼと油滴との接触の程度によって調節されているのではないかという新しい提言をめぐって議論した。

著者

宮澤 清 田村 宇平 勝村 芳雄 内川 恵一 坂本 哲夫 富田 健一

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.297-305, 1989-04-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3 2

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The influences of six representative surfactants on hair and the scalp were investigated under various conditions such as : irritation, protein denaturation, sorption onto commercial hide powder or keratin powder, change in turnover time of the stratum corneum, dandruff and disintegration of the cuticle.1. Influence of surfactants on scalp.Although the cumulative irritation test, 48-hour closed patch test, and immersion test were performed to assess the irritating effects of surfactants, the results did not agree with each other. The immersion test, which makes essentially the same use of surfactants, gave results in close agreement with those for sorption of sufactants or protein denaturation by surfactants.Amounts of surfactants sorbed by hide powder.Irritation score of immersion test : r=0.671.Amounts of surfactants sorbed by keratin powder.Irritation score of immersion test : r=0.930.Per cent denaturation of OVA by surfactants.Irritation score of immersion test : r=0.880.Turnover times of the stratum corneum due to the surfactants were found to follow the order, AMT≤AGS≤L-Soap≤AP<LS≤ES.Examination of the amounts of dandruff as observed when using AMT shampoo and ES shampoo, each with a different effect on the turnover time of the stratum corneum, showed the amounts to differ remarkably according to the surfactant used.2. Influence of surfactants on hair.The extent of disintegration of cuticle by a surfactant supersonic treatment was found to have the following order : AMT≤AGS≤AP≤ES<LS<L-Soap.Based on the above results, AMT can be a good surfactant as a detergent for the hair and scalp.

著者

Hideaki Kabuto Tomoko T. Yamanushi Najma Janjua Fusako Takayama Mitsumasa Mankura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.21-28, 2013 (Released:2013-01-29)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

12 26

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Active oxygen has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD); therefore, antioxidants have attracted attention as a potential way to prevent this disease. Squalene, a natural triterpene and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, is known to have active oxygen scavenging activities. Squalane, synthesized by complete hydrogenation of squalene, does not have active oxygen scavenging activities. We examined the effects of oral administration of squalene or squalane on a PD mouse model, which was developed by intracerebroventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Squalene administration 7 days before and 7 days after one 6-OHDA injection prevented a reduction in striatal dopamine (DA) levels, while the same administration of squalane enhanced the levels. Neither squalene nor squalane administration for 7 days changed the levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase activities in the striatum. Squalane increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, a marker of lipid peroxidation, in the striatum. Both squalane and squalene increased the ratio of linoleic acid/linolenic acid in the striatum. These results suggest that the administration of squalene or squalane induces similar changes in the composition of fatty acids and has no effect on the activities of active oxygen scavenging enzymes in the striatum. However, squalane increases oxidative damage in the striatum and exacerbates the toxicity of 6-OHDA, while squalene prevents it. The effects of squalene or squalane treatment in this model suggest their possible uses and risks in the treatment of PD.