著者

Sho Yamamoto Tetsuri Kikuchi Yutaka Yamagiwa Takashi Handa

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.3, pp.379-388, 2017 (Released:2017-07-22)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

6 5

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Lilium auratum var. auratum Lindl. is distributed in the eastern part of Honshu, the main island of Japan. L. auratum var. platyphyllum Baker is endemic to the Izu archipelago, which consists of nine large islands located in south of Honshu’s Izu peninsula. Both varieties have been used as important parents of Oriental hybrid lily cultivars. They have large white flowers with yellow central stripes and colored spots on their tepals. L. auratum var. platyphyllum has larger flowers and wider leaves than L. auratum var. auratum. L. auratum var. platyphyllum has yellow spots, whereas L. auratum var. auratum has red or brown ones. Natural hybridization between these two taxa has been suggested on the basis of spot colors of populations in the Izu archipelago and the Izu peninsula. However, their genetic diversity and hybridity in nature have not been reported. We performed morphological analysis using 72 individuals of L. auratum var. auratum from seven populations and 72 individuals of L. auratum var. platyphyllum from six populations. We also performed simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis using 102 individuals of L. auratum var. auratum from seven populations and 134 individuals of L. auratum var. platyphyllum from six populations. Both analyses revealed that L. auratum var. auratum and L. auratum var. platyphyllum are genetically different and that L. auratum var. platyphyllum has genetic diversity among populations in the archipelago.

著者

Sho Yamamoto Yutaka Yamagiwa Zentaro Inaba Takashi Handa

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.115-123, 2018 (Released:2018-02-06)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2 2

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Lilium japonicum Thunb. which has pink or white-colored funnel-like flowers, is distributed in Kyushu, Shikoku, and the western part of Honshu, the main island of Japan. L. auratum Lindl. which has large white flowers with yellow central stripes and red spots, is distributed in the eastern part of Honshu. Natural hybridization of these two species has only been found on the Izu Peninsula of Honshu. However, details of the variation and hybridity of the interspecific hybrid population of these species on this peninsula remain unknown. In the present study, we conducted a morphological examination using 43, 21, and 90 individuals of L. japonicum, L. auratum, and the putative hybrid, respectively, from six, four, and ten populations of the Izu Peninsula, respectively. In addition, we performed simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis using 47, 41, and 106 individuals of L. japonicum, L. auratum, and the putative hybrid, respectively, from six, four, and ten populations, respectively. Putative hybrid populations that resembled L. japonicum in morphology and SSR profile were found in the southern to eastern part of the peninsula, whereas those that resembled L. auratum and those exhibiting an intermediate morphology and SSR profile were found in the southern part of the peninsula. Large morphological variations exist in putative hybrid in the southern population, and interspecific hybridization has occurred in the southern and eastern populations. These results suggest that the center of natural hybridization is located in the southern part of the Izu Peninsula.

著者

Shinichi Furuyama Hideki Okamoto Tatsuru Jishi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-003, (Released:2022-12-28)

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Borecole (curly kale) was cultivated without heating during autumn and winter in a multi-film-covered greenhouse in Hokkaido, Japan. Borecole survived even when the greenhouse air temperature dropped to −6.2°C with an accompanying drastic increase in Brix value. This rapid increase of Brix value was observed under conditions where the minimum air temperature in the greenhouse was less than 0°C. Cold temperatures caused the plant to freeze, inducing extracellular freezing. Although the Brix value increased at low temperatures irrespective of leaf order, the Brix values for leaves of lower order, at the top of the plant, were much larger than the higher order leaves, closer to the base of the plant. Leaf Brix values started to increase when the average minimum temperature was 1.3°C or less for 10 days before harvest. Moreover, the nitrate concentration, reported to correlate with bitterness intensity, decreased at low temperatures. These results revealed that leaves with reduced bitterness and improved sweetness can be produced in low temperatures from the upper portions of borecole plants.

著者

Orrawan Pleumjit Thanachok Taticharoen Jingtair Siriphanich

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-021, (Released:2022-12-28)

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Young coconut shell cracking is a significant problem reported during trimming and polishing. By studying the shell structure, fruit development, pressure inside the shell (internal pressure) of young fruits, dissolved carbon dioxide in the coconut water and cracking incidence, as well as postharvest treatments to manipulate the pressure and carbon dioxide concentration, it was revealed that cracking depended on the physical property of the shell and the internal pressure. Cracking was principally found on the large carpel where the shell was the thinnest. The growing area presenting a high cracking incidence was found to have fruits with a thinner shell than fruits from a nearby area. The younger fruits had a weaker, thinner shell and high internal pressure. Once the fruits were 28 weeks old, the internal pressure dropped to slightly above atmospheric pressure. The level of internal pressure did not depend on rainfall or growing area. However, postharvest heating, dipping in water and exposure to carbon dioxide increased the internal pressure. To reduce shell cracking incidence, it is recommended to delay harvesting to allow shell strengthening, delay the trimming and polishing processes to allow water loss from the fruit and reduce the internal pressure. Dipping fruit in an anti-browning solution should also be brief to avoid water absorption.

著者

Chia Ting Han Yu Sung Ming-Tung Hsueh

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-387, (Released:2022-12-28)

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Winged bean seeds require imbibition treatment to ensure fast and uniform germination. Seed soaking has been commonly used; however, it is unclear if this is a safe method for winged bean seeds. Solid matrix priming (SMP) is an imbibition treatment that combines seeds, a matrix and water in a specific ratio. It allows seeds to imbibe under controlled water uptake. We investigated the effect of imbibition treatments on seed germination of white winged bean. Soaked seeds had significantly reduced germination and emergence as a result of imbibition injury due to rapid imbibition. SMP at a seed: vermiculite: water ratio of 7:12:9 (w/w/w) was the most effective treatment that allowed seeds to imbibe slowly without the occurrence of imbibition injury. SMP significantly reduced the mean germination time from 4.63 days to 2.01 days, and mean emergence time from 7.21 days to 5.78 days, compared to the control, as well as having a high germination rate of 98% and uniform emergence. The fast imbibition rate of white winged bean seeds was likely the result of cracks present on the permeable seed coat.

著者

Kenji Sakurai Hiroshi Iwanami

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-009, (Released:2022-12-15)

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Based on hand pollination, 217 crabapple cultivars were examined to determine their self-fruitfulness potential. One hundred and six cultivars failed to self-pollinate for fruits set. More than 50% self-pollinated fruit were obtained from 29 cultivars. Especially, the fruit set of ‘Jiringo’, ‘Karafutozumi’, ‘Katherine Crab’, Malus hupehensis, M. scheideckeri, ‘Mary Porter Crab’, ‘Mokoto’, ‘Nepal Apple Collections No. 85-I-74-3 86090-3’, ‘Scheidecker Crab’, ‘Silver Moon Crab’, ‘Tachikaido’, and ‘Tea Crab 81105’ were more than 50% by self-pollination over two years. ‘Jiringo’, ‘Katherine Crab’, ‘Mary Porter Crab’, ‘Scheidecker Crab’, and ‘Tachikaido’ have the potential to be self-compatible cultivars because their self-pollinated fruits contain complete seeds. Non-pollinated fruits of M. scheideckeri, ‘Nepal Apple Collections No. 85-I-74-3 86090-3’, and ‘Tea Crab 81105’ may contain apomictic seeds. Moreover, self-pollinated fruits contained seeds and non-pollinated fruits contained no seeds, suggesting that ‘Karafutozumi’ and ‘Mokoto’ may be self-compatible and parthenocarpic. The study findings not only provide breeding material for self-compatible apple cultivars, but also have led to the discovery of new apomictic and parthenocarpic research materials.

著者

Ko Motoki Yu Kinoshita Ryohei Nakano Munetaka Hosokawa Tetsuya Nakazaki

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-018, (Released:2022-12-15)

被引用文献数

1

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Floral induction by grafting without vernalization treatment (NV grafting method) has potential to shorten breeding times and to diversify the seed production of cabbage, an important leafy vegetable with a long and absolute low temperature exposure requirement for its floral induction. However, it is unknown whether the NV grafting method can be actually used for cabbage breeding and seed production. This is because the NV grafting method’s effect on the field performance of obtained progenies has not been investigated, as opposed to the conventional floral induction method by vernalization treatment. Therefore, in this study we compared the effects of two different floral induction methods on the agricultural traits of the obtained progenies. Two clonal lines of ‘Watanabe-seiko No.1’ cabbage were used for the experiment. In the two-year field experiment, we observed a consistent effect of clonal lines on vegetative growth; however, almost no effects of the floral induction methods on either vegetative or reproductive growth were observed. This was further supported by similar expression levels of FLOWERING LOCUS C homologs in the progenies at the young seedling stage. Pollen production and seed formation of the progenies were confirmed regardless of the floral induction method. In conclusion, cabbage seeds obtained by the NV grafting method are likely to show the same traits as those obtained by the conventional vernalization method. This indicates the direct applicability of this method to cabbage breeding and seed production.

著者

Chitose Honsho

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-R001, (Released:2022-12-13)

被引用文献数

5

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Self-incompatibility in Citrus species is an important trait related to fruit set and seed formation. In particular, self-incompatible citrus varieties combined with sufficient parthenocarpy produce seedless fruits. The characteristics of self-incompatibility have been studied for many years, and essential traits, such as pollen tube elongation behavior and self-incompatibility genotypes, have been characterized. Recently, it has been shown that the genetic mechanism of self-incompatibility in citrus varieties is S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility. To date, 18 S-RNases (17 self-incompatible alleles and 1 self-compatible allele) have been identified. The DNA markers for S-RNases can enable the early identification of self-incompatibility/compatibility status. The expression of self-compatibility in Citrus species is ascribed to the presence of the self-compatibility Sm allele, which is a defective S-RNase, and to the suppression of S-RNase expression. Polyploidization induces self-compatibility in Citrus species: Citrus tamurana ‘Hyuganatsu’ is substantially self-incompatible; however, its bud mutation, ‘Nishiuchi Konatsu’, is self-compatible. ‘Nishiuchi Konatsu’ is diploid; however, it forms unreduced pollen, which causes the breakdown of self-incompatible reaction when self-pollinated because of a competitive interaction within the same individual. In addition, after fertilization by unreduced pollen, seed formation is also inhibited by triploid block caused by interploid hybridization between diploid pollen and haploid egg cells. Therefore, ‘Nishiuchi Konatsu’ shows self-compatibility regardless of the self-incompatibility haplotype and produces fruits with few seeds. The seedlessness trait could be beneficial for citrus breeding in the future; however, the genetic mechanisms involved in the expression of this trait remain unclear. This review focuses on the recent advances in the genetics of self-incompatibility in citrus plants, implicating the mechanisms involved in self-incompatibility and their applications for achieving the desired trait of seedlessness in citrus fruits.

著者

Abdul H. Kazimi Oscar W. Mitalo Azimullah Azimi Kanae Masuda Chikara Yano Takashi Akagi Koichiro Ushijima Yasutaka Kubo

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-012, (Released:2022-11-25)

被引用文献数

2

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A major challenge in terms of commercializing 1-methylclopropene (1-MCP) to extend the storage life and control physiological disorders in European pears is that it irreversibly inhibits fruit ripening in some cultivars, particularly flesh softening that is necessary for optimal consumption quality. In this study, we examined the effect of 1-MCP pretreatments on fruit ripening and associated transcriptomic changes in ‘La France’ (Pyrus communis L.) pears during storage at 20°C and 5°C. Compared to non-treated controls, 1-MCP pretreatment suppressed fruit respiration and ethylene production rates, and markedly delayed flesh softening. Normal ripening (ethylene production and flesh softening to eating quality firmness) was observed in 1-MCP treated fruit after 42 d at 20°C, and 112 d at 5°C. Subsequent RNA-Seq analysis revealed that 6,427 genes, including those associated with ethylene biosynthesis (ACS1, ACS1b, ACO1, and ACO2), cell wall degrading enzymes (PG3, β-GAL, EG, and EXP1), and transcription factors (AGL18 and NAC29) were up- or down-regulated in non-treated fruit both at 20°C and 5°C. The expression patterns of these genes were disrupted by 1-MCP pretreatment, but up- or down-regulation was also observed when ethylene was detected in 1-MCP-treated fruit. Together, these findings demonstrate the potential for practical use of 1-MCP to extend storage life in ‘La France’ pears given that (i) a single application markedly extended storage life to 56 d at 20°C and 112 d at 5°C, and (ii) treated fruit could regain their softening capacity, thus eliminating previous irreversible ripening blockage concerns.

著者

Manato Ohishi Megumu Takahashi Machiko Fukuda Fumio Sato

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-022, (Released:2022-11-22)

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The demand for broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is increasing for use as fresh produce and for use in the processing industry. Therefore, growth prediction technology is required for its stable production. In this study, several cultivations of experiments were conducted to clarify the critical characteristics of the parameters needed to predict the growth of broccoli in a dry matter production model. The extinction coefficient was determined based on the leaf area index and intercepted solar radiation rate. Radiation-use efficiency was demonstrated using a linear function of the accumulated solar radiation intercepted amount and the total dry weight above-ground. The distribution of dry matter to the head and stem was indicated by the sigmoid function of the accumulated average temperature. The dry matter percentage of the leaf, dry matter percentage of the head and stem, and the ratio of leaf area to the fresh weight of the leaf were represented by a power function with dry weight above-ground. The fresh weight above-ground (R2 = 0.92) and the fresh weight of the head and stem (R2 = 0.98) were highly correlated with the estimated and observed values. Verification was performed using the developed growth model. As a result, the error between the harvest date and the predicted harvest date could be forecasted to within 4 days and the error in the fresh weight of the head could be predicted with an accuracy of −0.3 ~ +7.7 g·plant−1.

著者

福嶋 忠昭 北村 利夫 村山 秀樹 吉田 敏幸

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.685-694, 1991 (Released:2008-05-15)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

10 12

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渋ガキ'平核無'を用い, エタノールによる脱渋機作を種々の観点から検討した. 結果は以下のとおりである.1. デシケータ内に果実を入れ, ふたをずらして開口部を設けて35%エタノールまたは5%アセトアルデヒド処理を施したところ, 両処理区とも果実内のアセトアルデヒド含量は4日目まで同じような値を示したにもかかわらず, エタノール処理の方がアセトアルデヒド処理より早く脱渋した。2. 乾熱果または煮沸果を種々の濃度のアセトアルデヒド溶液に2日間さらし, 果肉内のアセトアルデヒド含量と脱渋量の関係式を求めた. これをエタノール処理中の果実に適用すると, アセトアルデヒドの非酵素的作用だけで脱渋するには, 果実内に存在するアセトアルデヒドの量が著しく少なかった.3. エタノール処理の果肉組織の浸透圧と水不溶性物質の保水能は増加する傾向があった. その程度は脱渋速度が大きい処理2~4日で著しかった.4. 煮沸果を90°C下で乾燥すると, 目減りが増加するとともに浸透圧が増加し, 可溶性タンニン含量が減少し, 12時間後にはアセトアルデヒドの発生が認められなくても完全に脱渋した.5. エセホンやIAAを組織切片に与えても脱渋が認められ, IAAをへたに浸潰し放置して置くと果実は完全に脱渋した.以上の実験を踏まえて考察した結果, エタノールによる脱渋は, 処理によって生ずるアセトアルデヒドの非酵素的作用による水溶性タンニンの不溶化によるのみならず, エタノールによって誘導される細胞壁多糖類の分解がタンニン細胞周辺組織の浸透圧の上昇を招き, その結果タンニン細胞中の水が脱水され, 接近したタンニン分子が水素結合や疎水結合により巨大分子となって脱渋するものも相当あると推察された.

著者

中川 昌一 ブコバック M. J. 平田 尚美 黒岡 浩

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.9-19, 1968 (Released:2007-07-05)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

8 11

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1. リンゴ Wealthy および日本ナシ新世紀の有種子果, ならびにGA7およびGA4処理による単為結実果について, その形態学的差異を調査した。ジベレリン処理果は有種子果にくらべて縦径は大きくなるが, 横径は変わりがないかあるいは小さかつた。有種子果における皮層組織の厚さは, 果実の基部が頂部および中央部より大きかつたが, ジベレリンによる単為結実果では逆に頂部が中央部および基部より大であつた。有種子果の基部における皮層の増加は, その組織の細胞数と関係があつた。リンゴの単為結実果の頂部組織には, 中央部および基部組織より細胞数が多く, また, 細胞も大きかつたが, 日本ナシの単為結実果では頂部組織により大きな細胞がみられた。有種子果とジベレリン処理による単為結実果の皮層組織における細胞分裂は, リンゴ果実では開花後3週から4週の間に, 日本ナシ果実では開花後4週から5週の間に停止した。2. リンゴと日本ナシの有種子果および単為結実果へ開花後2週間めに果実の側面にジベレリンを処理すると変形果を生じた。このリンゴおよび日本ナシの変形果では, ジベレリンを処理しない側の組織にくらべて処理した側の組織で細胞数は増加し, 細胞も大であつた。この傾向は, 有種子果より単為結実果において顕著であつた。日本ナシにおいては, 開花後4, 6および8週間めにGA7を処理したが, いずれの場合も処理しない側にくらべて細胞数も細胞の大きさも増加し, その結果, 皮層組織の厚さは著しく増大した。日本ナシにGA3を処理した場合は, 処理時期のいかんにかかわらず変形果を誘起することはできなかつた。

著者

志佐 誠 高野 泰吉

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.140-146, 1964 (Released:2007-05-31)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

21 20

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バラの花色発現に及ぼす温度ならびに光の影響を花弁の解剖学的観察, 色彩論的測色ならびに色素分析によつて明らかにした。クリムソングローリーの花弁における表皮細胞のタテ/ヨコ比は低温において大きくビロード感がよくあらわれるが高温ではこの比が小さく, ビロード感がなくなる。花色は低温で濃赤色を呈し, 高温では桃ないし白色を呈する。色彩論的には高温においては固有の赤色に対して紫味を帯びた色相になる。明度は濃淡と逆の関係にある。アントシアニン含量は30°Cにおいて0.063% (対新鮮重), 23°Cにおいて0.155%で, 低温の側で色素形成量が多い。マスケラードの色変りは黄-桃-赤-濃赤の経過をたどるが, 花に着色セロフアンを被覆すると赤色を発現しない。したがつて, マスケラードにおけるアントシアニンの形成は光の影響によるものと思われる。花の齢の進行に伴ないアントシアニンは増加するが, とくに開花後7~10日ごろに著しく増加する。その色素成分はシアニン, クリサンテミンからなるが, とくにクリサンテミンの著しい増加がみとめられる。

著者

Chang-Sheng Chien Wei-Ling Chen Yu Sung

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-386, (Released:2022-10-18)

被引用文献数

1

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In Taiwan, the early harvesting of young ginger is a cultivation technique for domestic ginger, which can be harvested early by forced sprouting. At present, ethylene is used as the sprouting agent. Despite its favorable sprouting effect, the technique can still be improved. Experimental results revealed that 1% citric acid, 300-ppm and 450-ppm ethephon treatments effectively facilitated the formation of 2.4, 2.4, and 2.6 large buds (diameter of ≥ 1 cm), respectively, in the rhizome. The stems and leaves of the ginger seed rhizomes that were subjected to forced sprouting emerged from the soil one month after planting, and emergence rates of 46.7% and 83.3% were achieved using citric acid and ethephon, respectively. Although the fresh weight of semi-matured ginger rhizomes obtained by forced sprouting treatment was lower, the results can still provide a reference for the early harvest of young ginger in Taiwan. Among the examined gingers, semi-matured ginger that was subjected to 50-ppm GA3 forced sprouting treatment exhibited the most favorable growth, and the average weight of its rhizomes reached 1,567 g, which was not significantly different from the weight obtained by conventional cultivation, but significantly greater than that obtained by other treatments. The GA3 forced sprouting treatment was not very effective, but it had an excellent effect on improving the yield of semi-matured ginger rhizomes. In the future, this treatment will be conducive for the production of semi-matured or matured ginger.

著者

Mizuho Itoh Yasunaga Iwasaki Dong-Hyuk Ahn Tadahisa Higashide

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-381, (Released:2022-09-30)

被引用文献数

1

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The relationship between fruit Brix and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution was investigated under gradually increasing EC conditions to predict and control tomato fruit Brix in commercial greenhouses in Japan. Based on the three experiments, fruit Brix was significantly and highly correlated with the cumulative EC of the drainage during the period from anthesis to harvest (cECd). This relationship followed a linear regression function. We then modelled fruit Brix based on cECd and validated this model to predict and control fruit Brix in four other experiments in different growing seasons using two cultivars, slab substrates, and irrigation systems. Using this model, we calculated the target cECd (cECdt) to achieve a target fruit Brix of 6% or higher and used cECdt as an indicator to manipulate the EC of the nutrient solution. In the validation experiments, cECd was lower than cECdt at the beginning of harvest in all experiments. cECd reached cECdt at 72.3–214.0°C·day after the first harvest. When cECd was higher than cECdt, more than 86.9% of the fruit had a higher than Brix 6%. In addition, the marketable yield was higher than 88.2%. RMSEs between the observed fruit Brix and predicted fruit Brix were 0.60–1.25. These results indicate that our model can predict and control fruit Brix.

著者

Takuya Morimoto Yunosuke Matsuda Ryo Sekiguchi Akihiro Itai

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-383, (Released:2022-09-30)

被引用文献数

1

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The development of intergeneric hybrids for horticultural crops has been attempted to introduce new quality and resistance traits and to enlarge the gene pool. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization are often hindered by incompatibility reactions occurring at various stages of hybridization, from early pollination to initial growth, and the reproductive stages of the progeny. In this study, we investigated intergeneric and interspecific cross-compatibility among six species in the tribe Maleae (Rosaceae), namely, Pyrus communis (European pear), P. pyrifolia (Japanese pear), Malus × domestica (apple), Eriobotrya japonica (loquat), Cydonia oblonga (quince), and Pseudocydonia sinensis (Chinese quince). In vivo pollen tube growth tests showed the presence of a postmating, prezygotic barrier in many cross-combinations, in which cross-compatibility was regulated by both genetic distance and crossing direction. Strong hybridization barriers were observed in pollen tube growth and fruit setting when intergeneric hybridization was performed with E. japonica, a species phylogenetically distant from the others studied. Different compatibility reactions in reciprocal crosses were observed in some intergeneric hybridizations; C. oblonga as a pollen donor was incompatible with P. sinensis, whereas the reciprocal cross was compatible, resulting in the development of hybrid seedlings. Furthermore, the pollen tube growth rate differed among Pyrus species when pollinated on the apple pistils, suggesting divergence of cross-compatibility response in a specific linage. Factors affecting intergeneric hybridization are discussed with reference to the genetic distance between species and morphological characteristics such as pistil length. Our comprehensive assessment of intergeneric cross-compatibility will help provide a way to overcome crossing barriers and develop new hybrid crops in the tribe Maleae.

著者

垣渕 和正 藤目 幸擾

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.385-392, 1994 (Released:2008-05-15)

参考文献数

11

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キャベッ, カイラン, コールラビ, ケール, コウサイタイ, パクチョイ, サイシン, ダイコンを供試し,花芽の発育過程, とくに花弁原基の分化と発育について走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて観察した.1.供試したすべての種類において, 花芽発育段階は, 未分化期, 膨大期, 花芽原基分化期, がく片分化期, 雄ずい•雌ずい分化期, 花弁伸長前期, 花弁伸長後期の7段階に分けられた.2.すべての種類について, 花弁原基は雄ずい原基とほぼ同時に分化することが確認された. 特にサイシンの花弁と外輪雄ずいは内輪雄ずいより早い時期に分化していた.3.分化直後の花弁原基は他の花葉原基に比べて極めて小さく, 分化後の発育がしばらくの間停止しており, その発育開始は雄ずいと雌ずいよ•り遅れていた.4.以上の結果, 供試した8種•20品種のアブラナ科蔬菜の花芽では外輪から, がく片, 花弁および雄ずい, 雌ずいの順に分化していると判断された.

著者

Nadya Syafira Pohan Gian Alfan Munawar Khalil Putra Bahagia Rayhan Hayati Yusuf Haidar Nurul Hadisah Mika Onouchi Ryosuke Shirono Yoshinori Kohno Ayane Hamada Tae Maruishi Shinkai Hachisu Kanami Homma Sabaruddin Zakaria Elly Kesumawati Sota Koeda

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-015, (Released:2022-08-30)

被引用文献数

1

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Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PepYLCD) caused by begomoviruses is one of the most devastating diseases affecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) production worldwide. In our previous study, a loss-of-function allele, pepy-1, encoding messenger RNA surveillance factor Pelota was identified as a begomovirus resistance gene from a C. annuum cultivar BaPep-5. In this study, to investigate the effectiveness of pepy-1 conferred resistance against begomovirus in the field, we conducted a three-year evaluation under natural field conditions in Indonesia. The lowest PepYLCD incidence and significantly higher fruit productivity were observed in BaPep-5 when compared to six other commonly cultivated pepper cultivars. The subsequent comparison between BaPep-5 and the susceptible BaPep-4 showed that pepy-1 slowed down the disease onset and progression, resulting in a higher fruit productivity trait in the field. Multiple comparison analyses using an F2 population obtained by crossing BaPep-5 with BaPep-4 showed that the pepy-1 homozygous individuals had significantly higher fruit productivity, twice than those of the Pepy-1 homozygous or heterozygous individuals. In conclusion, the introgression of pepy-1 is effective to reduce the economic loss of pepper fruit production under natural field infection of begomoviruses.

著者

本勝 千歳 稲田 真梨江 湯地 健一 戸敷 正浩 黒木 重文 神崎 真哉 鉄村 琢哉

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.1, pp.27-34, 2012 (Released:2012-01-20)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

7 9

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マンゴーはこれまで偶発実生からの優良系統の選抜によって品種が育成されてきたが,望ましい形質を持った個体同士の交雑による計画的な育種が今後行われる必要がある.しかしながら,マンゴーの花は 1 cm 以下で非常に小さく,また結実率も低いため,人工受粉による十分な数の交雑後代の獲得が困難であった.そこで,日本の独特なマンゴー栽培様式(閉鎖的な温室内での栽培,ミツバチ導入による自然交配)を利用して,‘アーウィン’と‘紅キーツ’の二品種を導入した温室内で,まずミツバチにより自然交配させた後,得られた実生を SSR マーカーによって花粉親を識別することによって,効率的に交雑後代が獲得できるのではないかと考え,その検証を行った.その結果,‘アーウィン’では 239 個体の実生が得られ,そのうち 185 個体で花粉親を判別することができ,他家受粉果は 106 個体,自家受粉果は 79 個体であった.‘紅キーツ’では 20 個体の実生が得られ,そのうち 14 個体で花粉親を判別することができ,他家受粉果は 12 個体,自家受粉果は 2 個体であった.‘アーウィン’実生で判別された花粉親の比について,温室内での両品種の花房数を期待比としてカイ二乗検定を行ったところ,積極的に他家受粉が起こっていることが示された.また‘アーウィン’について判別された花粉親に基づき,花粉親が果実形質に及ぼす影響について調査したところ,‘アーウィン’自家受粉果では Brix 値が有意に高くなったが,果皮色に関するいくつかの値で他家受粉果より低い値となった.

著者

本杉 日野 奥藤 健 片岡 大輔 鳴尾 高純

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.335-341, 2002-05-15 (Released:2008-01-31)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

9 14

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組織培養により増殖したブドウ台木'Gloire de Montpellier'('Gloire', Vitis riparia Michx), 'Rupestris St. George'('St. George', V. rupestris Scheele)および'Couderc 3309'('3309', V. riparia×V. rupestris)においてコルヒチンによる染色体倍加処理を行った.コルヒチン処理個体より選抜した系統の幼葉についてフローサイトメトリーによる染色体倍加の確認を行った.得られた4倍体の葉においては元の2倍体台木に比較して気孔が大きく, その分布密度が低くなった.発根培養時において, 3種類の台木の4倍体の根はすべてもとの2倍体台木より短くなった.シュート長においては'Gloire'および'St. George'の4倍体でもとの2倍体より小さくなったが, '3309'では倍数性による差異がなかった.馴化期間において4倍体台木の新梢, 節間および根の長さは元の2倍体台木より短くなった.ガラス温室に搬出後の生育においても4倍体台木では元の2倍体に比べ新梢生長は顕著に小さくなったが, 茎径および比葉重は大きくなる傾向が認められた.4倍体台木では太く短い根をもつため, 元の2倍体台木と比較して非常にコンパクトな形態の根系となった.