著者

Takashi Yamauchi Takashi Shimazaki Hiroyuki Yanagisawa Machi Suka

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.53, 2023 (Released:2023-09-22)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Students and workers have been subjected to increased levels of psychological distress due to the quarantine policy and containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review aimed to present an overview of published evidence regarding formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for non-mental health-related issues as well as mental health-related issues among students and workers during the pandemic.Methods: In June 2022, we searched MEDLINE, APA PsycNet, and CINAHL for articles reporting the state of help-seeking intentions/behaviors among students and workers during the pandemic. Peer-reviewed original articles published in English were selected.Results: In total, 150 articles were identified, and 12 articles were selected for final analysis after removing articles that met the exclusion criteria. Three studies targeted university students, and nine targeted healthcare workers. Study settings were restricted to Western countries and China. Of the 12 studies, 11 were observational and predominantly cross-sectional studies. Two longitudinal studies using student samples suggested that university students became more reluctant to seek help from both formal and informal sources during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, despite the increased need for support during the pandemic. Among healthcare workers, the proportions of those who sought help from formal sources in person were low (7–26%), even among those with mental health issues, despite the increase in the need for mental health services. One randomized controlled study reported that a brief video-based intervention increased treatment-seeking intentions among healthcare workers in the intervention group compared with the non-intervention group.Conclusions: The present review revealed that, although most studies included in the final analysis were cross-sectional, intentions/behaviors to seek help from both formal and informal sources decreased among university students, even those with mental health issues. Among healthcare workers, while the frequency of help-seeking from formal sources in person was low, a brief online intervention was suggested to be useful for promoting help-seeking from formal sources. During public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, system and infrastructure development of online help-seeking services could potentially promote formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for diverse issues, including non-mental health-related issues, among university students and healthcare workers/providers.

著者

紺野 信弘

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.645-654, 2003-01-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

82

被引用文献数

4 4

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The neurotoxicity of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) including leptophos, TOCP and triphenyl phosphite and dithiocarbamate compounds were reviewed in this study. The major neurotoxicities of OPs were acute toxicity produced by the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibiting action of OPs and delayed neurotoxicity produced by such OPs as leptophos and TOCP. The direct action of OP on the muscarinic and/or nicotinic acethylcholine receptors in the synaptic membranes have lately attracted attention in relation to acute toxicity. Delayed neurotoxicity is a delayed onset of prolonged locomotor ataxia resulting from a single or repeated exposure to an OP. Although neurotoxic esterase (NTE) inhibition might be related to the onset of organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN), the precise mode of action is not yet clear.The effect of dithiocarbamates on the nervous system is also mentioned, because the compounds are currently suspected not only for neurotoxicity, but also as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Although dithiocarbamates showed weak neurotoxicity in adult animals, we need to pay more attention to developmental neurotoxicity.

著者

杉本 弘子

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.709-714, 1991-06-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

11 11

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The urinary excretions of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EP) were measured to investigate the physiological effects of girdles worn by women to look attractive.1) The urinary excretion of NE was remarkably increased by the wearing of a girdle in all the subjects examined, whether living conditions and stimulations were changed or remained unchanged.2) The urinary excretion of NE was increased by wearing a girdle, regardless of the type of girdle or its intensity of compression.3) The urinary excretion of NE tended to increase more by the wearing of a bodysuit having a large area of body compression than by the wearing of a girdle having a narrow area of compression.4) The urinary excretion of NE showed no specific pattern of change, even when the subjects were accustomed to the use of a girdle.These findings may indicate that a girdle of even the best-fitting size exerts a kind of stress on the human body.

著者

上野 陽里

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.337-343, 1971-08-28 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

26

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The concept of a permissible dose is one appearing at a contactpoint of natural and social sciences. The permissible dose in radiation protection was adopted as a model in the present paper, reason being to analyze the concept historically and to realize and understand the process of development, as this concept has been discussed extensively in radiation protection. It is emphasized here that not only somatic but also genetic changes are included in biological responses where permissible doses are concerned. The permissible dose is being considered separately for the individual and for workmen in shops where they may contact agents concerned with the permissible dose. A decision has been reached utilizing ecological knowledge including mechanisms of dilution and concentration on a global scale. In general, the permissible dose has been estimated conceptually pivoting on the balance of benefit and injury for humans. It is extremely necessary to know for whom it is beneficial and for whom it is injurious. When discussing a permissible dose, medical staff should arrive at decisions from purely medical and biological viewpoints rather than from the viewpoint of balance.

著者

白井 文雄

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.4, pp.923-933, 1988-10-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

4 4

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In order to assess the degree of mercury poisoning in the case of occupational and environmental mercury exposure, we commonly used to measure urinary mercury concentration as an indicator. However, it was known that the normal mercury concentrations in the urine of persons who have not been exposed to mercury show a wide range of differences between individuals. The author recently conducted a study to establish the baseline inorganic mercury levels in urine by testing 48 married couples from Niigata, Japan, and investigated the relationship between daily intake of foodstuffs and the variations in urinary mercury levels.The results were as follows:1) Urinary mercury concentration averaged 2.70μg/l for the husband, 2.33μg/l for the wife and 2.51μg/l overall.2) The amount of mercury intake from daily food consumption was similar for husband and wife pairs. It was found that fish and shellfish contributed 50% of the dietary mercury (20.4μg/day a person).3) Urinary mercury concentration was highly correlated for husband and wife pairs (p<0.01). In the case of married couple samples, there was a significant correlation between urinary mercury concentration and the amount of mercury intake from fish and shellfish (p<0.05).4) Considering that (a) intake amounts of mercury from fish and shellfish formed the greater part of dietary mercury as compared with that from other food items and that (b) the form of mercury in fish and shellfish was mainly methylmercury, which has a high affinity in vivo, it cannot be denied that the primary factor in the variations in urinary mercury concentration is related to the amount of fish and shellfish consumed.

著者

藤本 薫喜 渡辺 孟 湯川 幸一 坂本 淳

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.5, pp.437-442, 1968-12-31 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

8 6

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Surface area of 201 Japanese (both sexes) from infancy to old age selected statistically according to sex, age and body shape were measured and the regional rates calculated and discussed.The results are as follows:1. There was no difference between either side of the body for any age or sex.2. The rate of head, face and neck decreased while that of the lower extremities increased with aging.3. After adolescence regional rates could be differentiated between the sexes. The rates of the thigh of the female were considerably higher than that of the male.4. Body shape, rate of the head, face and neck the tendency waslowest toward obesity and highest toward slenderness. The rates of the limbs, upper and lower extremities revealed the opposite tendency to the former.5. These results vary little as compared to other studies done on Japanese. However, compared to a German oran American revealed a higher rate for limbs. The rate was definitely lower for the Westerner.6. Judging statistically the sublects and methods in this study, the regional rates of body surface described in this paper according to sex, age and body shape are acceptable to be used asastandand for the Japanese people for the study and review of all physical parts.

著者

Hiroyuki Hayashida Akiko Matsumoto Hinako Nanri Yuichiro Nishida Yusuke Takagi Megumi Hara

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.29, 2023 (Released:2023-05-11)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

3

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Background: According to recent reports, individuals with reduced aldehyde dehydrogenase activity may require more energy for the detoxification of aldehydes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), an ALDH isozyme, is responsible for detoxifying acetaldehyde, an intermediate metabolite of ethanol. Because the variant allele of the rs671 polymorphism of ALDH2 results in a substantial reduction in enzymatic activity, carriers of this variant allele may have a higher energy demand when consuming alcohol than non-carriers. However, no studies have evaluated this phenomenon to date.Method: To test the hypothesis, we statistically examined the interactive effects between the rs671 and ethanol consumption on energy intake using cross-sectional data from a population-based cohort study, the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study, which was conducted in Saga city between 2005–2007 (N = 12,068).Results: General linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethanol consumption, current smoking status, years of education, dietary restriction, medical history, and physical activity level revealed that energy intake was higher in variant allele carriers than in non-carriers among individuals with alcohol drinking habits, whereas no such correlation was observed among those without drinking habits (≤2 g ethanol/day) (p = 0.03 for interaction between rs671 and ethanol consumption). Energy intake excluding energy from alcoholic beverages, carbohydrate intake, protein intake, and fat intake, showed similar tendencies (p for interaction = 0.01, 0.01, 0.04, and 0.07, respectively).Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that increased energy intake is required for the detoxification of aldehydes in individuals with low ALDH activity. This epidemiological evidence provides a possible scientific basis for understanding aldehyde detoxification mechanisms and suggests a novel phenotype of the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism.

著者

Mami Wakabayashi Hirono Ishikawa Yoshiharu Fukuda Hiroyasu Iso Takahiro Tabuchi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.24, 2023 (Released:2023-04-18)

参考文献数

41

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Background: Little is known about the vulnerable populations and problem drinking in terms of health inequality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health indifference estimated by Health Interest Scale (HIS) and problem drinking identified by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from a nationwide internet survey in Japan in 2022. The number of total participants was 29,377, with 49% of them being male, and the mean age was 47.9 (±17.9) years. The participants were categorized into the following groups based on the quintiles of HIS score: health indifference (0–16), low health interest (17–20), middle health interest (21–22), middle-high interest (23–26) and high health interest (27–36) groups. Problem drinking was identified as AUDIT score of ≥8 points.Results: The association between health indifference and problem drinking was explored through logistic regression with adjustment for various socioeconomic status, such as education, income level, and occupation; the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 1.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51–1.95].Conclusion: Health indifferent or lower health interest groups were a vulnerable population for problem drinking, regardless of their socioeconomic status. It could be useful to identify the health indifferent group through HIS and to monitor the impact of health intervention for this group for the reduction of health inequality.

著者

眞野 喜洋

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.6, pp.938-944, 1987-02-28 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

19

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Decompression sickness (bends) is generally considered to be due to the effects of bubbles which originate from supersaturated gas dissolved in the blood and other tissues.The bubbles in the tissues are formed from pre-exisiting gas nuclei. The gas initially diffused into the gas nuclei in the tissue and is then forced out by decompression, depending on the difference between the inside tension of the gas nuclei and the surrounding tension of the tissue.Mammalian gelatin samples were first used according to this theory by LeMessurier in 1972 as a model in the etiology of bends, and further careful research has been carried out by Beckman, Yount, Mano and their co-workers. Mano et al. have evaluated the relative effectiveness of standard decompression tables in reducing bubble formation using the agarose gel bubble technique under rigorously controlled conditions.Bubble formation is mainly due to the decompression ratio, accompanied by hyperbaric exposure; however, the variation of exposure temperatures also influences the formed bubbles even though there are no decompression steps.Therefore, to understand the relation between the temperature and bubble formation, research was undertaken. This bubble work is composed of two groups of experiments. One involved saturation experiments, and the relation between the number of bubbles and different saturation pressures was obtained as a regression line. The temperature was controlled at 20.0±1.0°C.In the other experiments, the environmental temperature was changed between 5 and 30°C. Agarose gel samples, with 15 cells in a set, were exposed to the same bottom pressure but the environmental temperature was varied in each set of conditions.The number of bubbles was counted in each sample and the cells were heated to 30°C for 30min and bubble counting was then done. The exposure time at the bottom pressure was 30, 60, or 120min in the non-saturation experiments and 6 hours in the saturation experiments. The phenomena of bubble formation according to the variations of the temperature were investigated in detail, and, eventually, significant regression equations could be obtained with good relations in all defferent conditions of hyperbaric exposure.This result gives us much information on bubble formation phenomena, which can aid us in carrying out our basic research on decompression sickness, especially as concerns the influence of environmenal temperature, although there are differences between in vitro and in vivo phenomena. Moreover, the standard decompression table by the Ministry of Labour could be evaluated by this bubble counting technique. The safety of the table was questionable, and it was recognized that the table was not necessarily correct. This research will be applied to various fields of diving or compressed air work in the future.

著者

安藤 満

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.947-953, 1990-12-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

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Chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC11) lasts for an average of 74 years in the atmosphere, CFC12 for an average of 111 years, and CFC113 for an average of 90 years. Every CFC molecule destroys thousands of molecules of stratospheric ozone.Recently, the extent of the Antarctic ozone hole has been recognized. The depletion of stratospheric ozone may lead to increase ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation.UV-B radiation has many damaging effects on human health, such as snow blindness, cataract and skin cancer. UV-B radiation also suppresses the immune defenses against certain infections.While it is difficult to estimate the numerical effect on the basis of epidemiologic data in the U. S. A., UNEP and WHO estimate that for every 1% decrease in stratospheric ozone, there will be between a 0.3 to 0.6% increase in cataract. They also estimate that for every 1% depletion of ozone, the incidences of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma will increase 2.7, 4.6 and 0.6%, respectively. There is also concern that increased UV-B radiation might lead to an increase of the incidence and severity of infectious diseases due to suppression of the immune system.Since the data on UV-B exposure are extremely limited, it is necessary to confirm the incidence rate of skin cancer in various countries in relation to UV-B exposure.

著者

工藤 陽子 庄本 正男 武田 真太郎 横尾 能範 佐守 信男

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.378-385, 1976-06-28 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

11 5

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In Japan a nationwide survey of school children's physical growth has been carried out by the Ministry of Education every year since 1900 except the years of World War II. An attempt was made to elucidate the growth acceleration in height by making use of the statistical date of the above-mentioned survey. The maximum growth age (MGA) in height was taken as an indicator of the growth acceleration. The results were as follows:1. MGA in height was found to be gradually going down since before the war. The growth acceleration in the prewar years was found to fit a straight line. In the postwar years, the growth acceleration of boys born in the 1950's proceeded along the regression line based on the prewar acceleration rate.2. Lowering of MGA in height of boys and girls born after the war was found to fit Gompertz and logistic curves. The postwar growth acceleration with its point of reference at the end of the war was remarkable: MGA in height went down by 2.0 years for boys and 1.5 years for girls in 25 years. This period, however, should be regarded as a convalescent stage after the repression of growth due to the war.3. If the postwar growth acceleration was to be taken as a part of the whole phenomenon in gradual progress since before the war, as it actually was, the rate of acceleration for boys was 0.2 year per 10 years.4. In the case of girls, the growth acceleration in the prewar years was slower than that of boys, and the progress in the postwar years surpassed the regression line based on the prewar rate. The prewar slower rate for girls as compared to boys can be attributed to a situation peculiar to Japanese social background. In the prewar days, girls' place was lower than boys' in both social and home life and this fact may have affected repressively on the physical growth of girls.5. The growth acceleration is likely to proceed for some time to come but a prediction on the phenomenon must wait for further investigation.

著者

永田 久紀 三宅 正雄 米田 幸雄 佐々木 武史 門脇 一郎 稲垣 宇女乃

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.5, pp.629-632, 1959-08-01 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

17

著者

Aya Sugiyama Fumie Okada Kanon Abe Hirohito Imada Serge Ouoba Bunthen E Md Razeen Ashraf Hussain Masayuki Ohisa Ko Ko Shintaro Nagashima Tomoyuki Akita Shinichi Yamazaki Michiya Yokozaki Eisaku Kishita Junko Tanaka

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.30, 2022 (Released:2022-07-07)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

3

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Background: This longitudinal study aimed to determine chronological changes in the seroprevalence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, including asymptomatic infections in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.Methods: A stratified random sample of 7,500 residents from five cities of Hiroshima Prefecture was selected to participate in a three-round survey from late 2020 to early 2021, before the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine. The seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was calculated if at least two of four commercially available immunoassays were positive. Then, the ratio between seroprevalence and the prevalence of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Hiroshima was calculated and compared to the results from other prefectures where the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare conducted a survey by using the same reagents at almost the same period.Results: The numbers of participants in the first, second, and third rounds of the survey were 3025, 2396, and 2351, respectively and their anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies seroprevalences were 0.03% (95% confidence interval: 0.00–0.10%), 0.08% (0.00–0.20%), and 0.30% (0.08–0.52%), respectively. The ratio between the seroprevalence and the prevalence of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Hiroshima was 1.2, which was smaller than that in similar studies in other prefectures.Conclusions: The seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Hiroshima increased tenfold in a half year. The difference between seroprevalence and the prevalence of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Hiroshima was smaller than that in other prefectures, suggesting that asymptomatic patients were more actively detected in Hiroshima.

著者

Ananya Roy Md Ashraful Alam Yoonhee Kim Masahiro Hashizume

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.36, 2022 (Released:2022-09-28)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

2

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Background: Previous studies have reported that high ambient temperature is associated with increased risk of suicide; however, the association has not been extensively investigated with drug overdose which is the most common method of unsuccessful suicidal behavior in Japan. Therefore, this study aims to examine the short-term association between daily mean temperature and the incidence of self-harm attempts by drug overdose in Tokyo, Japan.Methods: We collected the emergency ambulance dispatch data and daily meteorological data in Tokyo from 2010 to 2014. A quasi-Poisson regression model incorporating a distributed lag non-linear function was applied to estimate the non-linear and delayed association between temperature and drug overdose, adjusting for relative humidity, seasonal and long-term trends, and days of the week. Sex, age and location-specific associations of ambient temperature with drug overdose was also estimated.Results: 12,937 drug overdose cases were recorded during the study period, 73.9% of which were female. We observed a non-linear association between temperature and drug overdose, with the highest risk observed at 21 °C. The highest relative risk (RR) was 1.30 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.10–1.67) compared with the risk at the first percentile of daily mean temperature (2.9 °C) over 0–4 days lag period. In subgroup analyses, the RR of a drug overdose at 21 °C was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.02–1.81) for females and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.66–1.75) for males. Also, we observed that the risk was highest among those aged ≥65 years (RR = 2.54; 95% CI: 0.94–6.90), followed by those aged 15–34 years (RR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.89–1.77) and those aged 35–64 years (RR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.78–1.68). There was no evidence for the difference in RRs between urban (23 special wards) and sub-urban areas in Tokyo.Conclusions: An increase in daily mean temperature was associated with increased drug overdose risk. This study indicated the positive non-linear association between temperature and incomplete attempts by drug overdose. The findings of this study may add further evidence of the association of temperature on suicidal behavior and suggests increasing more research and investigation of other modifying factors.

著者

森河 裕子 中川 秀昭 田畑 正司 西条 旨子 千間 正美 北川 由美子 河野 俊一 寺西 秀豊 城戸 照彦

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.6, pp.1057-1062, 1992-02-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3 2

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We studied an outbreak of itai-itai disease in the Jinzu River basin, in Toyama, Japan. One hundred and fifty females recognized as itai-itai disease patients till by 1990 were studied for the ages and years of onset and residence in the cadmium-polluted area.1. Cases were recognized from as early as 1929, increased gradually to the peak of 1955-1959 and rapidly decreased up to the 1970s.2. It was found that the later the patients was born, the younger the age of onset, though there was no difference of ages of onset between the cases born in the 1910s and the cases born from 1920.3. The onset of itai-itai disease was most frequently seen at 50-59 years of residence in the cadmium-polluted area. It was found that the later a person started to inhabit the cadmium-polluted area, the shorter the period of residence in the cadmium-polluted area up to onset of itai-itai disease.4. Comparing the patients who inhabited the cadmium-polluted area from birth and those who had moved there from non-polluted areas, the age of onset was higher in the latter, but there were no significant differences in the period of residence up to onset.From these findings, it appeared that itai-itai disease was not caused by aging, but by cadmium exposure starting from the 1910s.

著者

Daisuke Hori Yuichi Oi Shotaro Doki Tsukasa Takahashi Tomohiko Ikeda Yu Ikeda Yo Arai Kei Muroi Hiroaki Sasaki Mami Ishitsuka Asako Matsuura Wyi Go Ichiyo Matsuzaki Shinichiro Sasahara

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.17, 2022 (Released:2022-04-16)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan is a COVID-19 infection control system unique to Ibaraki prefecture, Japan. It requires residents to register each time they visit events, commercial facilities, and restaurants. The number of registrations has been limited, and its function alerting about people positive for COVID-19 infection seems not to be working. Nevertheless, registration with the system might have some impact on the user’s behavior. In the current preliminary survey, the possible impact of Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan on infection prevention behavior and fear of COVID-19 was investigated.Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based, anonymous, and self-administered survey was conducted at two workplaces in Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, Japan. The first survey was conducted at one of the workplaces in November 2020, and the second survey, at the other workplace in February 2021. Variables of interest were sex, age group, marital status, employment status, Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan use, COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application use, ten items of infection prevention behaviors, and fear of COVID-19. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was performed.Results: In both surveys, use of Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan was significantly associated with COCOA use and with “physical condition management such as body temperature measurement.” No association was found with other infection prevention behaviors or with fear of COVID-19.Conclusions: Our findings did not provide sufficient evidence for the effectiveness of Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan in regard to users’ infection control behavior. Further detailed study is needed to investigate the effectiveness in terms of infection prevention and the cost-effectiveness of Ibaraki’s Amabie-chan.

著者

Miyako Kimura Kazushige Ide Kazuki Kimura Toshiyuki Ojima

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.14, 2022 (Released:2022-03-26)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

4

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Background: Happiness may help to prevent negative physiological outcomes in response to life events; however, factors contributing to happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic have not been longitudinally investigated. This study explored the predictors of happiness in mothers of young children in Japan using comparable data that were obtained before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We conducted the baseline survey in February 2020, and 4 months later, we also conducted the follow-up survey. Throughout all 47 prefectures in Japan, 4,700 (100 respondents/prefecture) mothers of infants and/or preschoolers (0–6 years) participated in the baseline online survey; 2,489 of these also participated in the follow-up survey.Results: We performed hierarchical multiple regression analysis and our final model indicated that maternal happiness during COVID-19 pandemic was positively related to employment status (homemaker, β = 0.052, p = 0.014), levels of available social support (average, β = 0.052, p = 0.012, high, β = 0.055, p = 0.010) and happiness score before the pandemic (β = 0.467, p < 0.001), and satisfaction toward the measures against the COVID-19 at partners’ workplace (average, β = 0.129, p < 0.001; high, β = 0.279, p < 0.001), preventive behavior against COVID-19 (average, β = 0.055, p = 0.002; high, β = 0.045, p = 0.015) and positive attitudes/thinking (β = 0.087, p < 0.001) during the pandemic. In contrast, poor mental health (K6 ≥5, β = −0.042, p = 0.011) before the pandemic and negative changes during the pandemic (≥3, β = −0.085, p < 0.001) were negatively related to maternal happiness during the pandemic. Our final model explained 44.9% of the variance in mothers’ happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions: Satisfaction toward the measures against the COVID-19 at partners’ workplace, preventive behavior, and positive attitudes/thinking were especially important for maternal happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future study is needed to consider measures against infectious diseases in the workplace that are desirable for the well-being of parents with young children, taking into account the gender perspective.

著者

佐藤 英介 井上 正康

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.606-614, 2002-01-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

15

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Mammalian tissues have large amounts of available ATP which are generated by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. To maintain the body, large amounts of oxygen are required to regenerate the ATP molecules. A small fraction of the inspired oxygen is converted to superoxide radicals and related metabolites even under physiological conditions. Most reactive oxygen species react rapidly with a variety of molecules, thereby interfering with cellular functions and various diseases.

著者

青山 英康 大平 昌彦 太田 武夫 吉岡 信一 吉田 健男 大原 啓志 和気 健三 柳楽 翼 五島 正規 小野 昭雄 藤田 征男 合田 節子 深見 郁子 板野 猛虎

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.5, pp.468-471, 1970-12-30 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

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The authors have already reported the results of epidemiological studies of SMON in the town of Yubara, Japan.Recently, the Ministry of Health and Welfare ordered pharmaceutical companies to stop production and sale of all drugs containing chinoform, since it was revealed by the Committee on SMON that attack rates of SMON could be related to ingestion of chinoform.The authors compared the attack rate of persons who had taken chinoform with that of persons who had not.It was noted that the morbidity of gastrointestinal diseases and allergic diseases among SMON patients was higher than that of the control group.Results are as follows:1. SMON patients had not taken chinoform at home.2. SMON patients usually had taken less medication for their gastrointestinal diseases than the control group, in spite of a higher morbidity of gastrointestinal diseases among them than that of the control group.3. Accordingly, the increased attack rate of SMON might be related to administration of chinoform while in the hospital and not related to ingestion at home.4. Chinoform is a very popular drug. For this reason careful attention must be given to dosage and method of administration as well as indications to determine relationship in the etiology of SMON.5. Careful attention should also be given to the physical conditions of patients being treated with chinoform.6. If persons in the control group were subjected to a detailed investigation there is some possibility many may be found to be using chinoform contained medications.

著者

吉田 勝美 松田 弘史 武藤 孝司 桜井 治彦 近藤 東郎

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.935-940, 1990-10-15 (Released:2009-02-17)

参考文献数

19

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長期の体重変動が,肥満の健康影響を評価する上で,関心を呼んでいる。体重の増加量が及ぼす健康影響は知られるものの,体重増加の時間的経緯による健康影響については,ほとんど知られていない。本研究の目的は,体重増加の時間的経緯として,増加速度がもたらす健康影響を評価することである。某企業の1,627名男子従業員の中から,次の基準により,解析対象を選択した。選択基準は,以下のごとくである。1)対象者は,少なくとも20回以上の健康診断を受診している。2)対象者は,青年期より7kg以上の体重増加を認める。上記の基準により,437名が選択された。対象者の年齢は,46.2±5.1歳(M±S.D.)であった。体重の増加速度により,対象者を以下の3群に分けた。急速体重増加群は,5年間に5kg以上の増加を認めた者であり,167名が分類された。緩徐体重増加群は,5年間に5kg未満の体重増加を認めた者であり,212名が分類された。観察期間中に,一時的な体重減少を認めた残りの58名は,その他の群として,以下の解析から除外した。現時点の比体重を補正したMantel-Haenszel odds比は,空腹時血糖の有所見(110mg/dl以上)に関して,急速体重増加群で有意に高かった。また,体重増加速度以外の要因を含めたロジスティック解析の結果では,空腹時血糖の有所見に関するロジスティック式に,年齢とともに体重増加速度が取り込まれ,体重増加速度のodds比は,2.86(95%C.I.:1.35-6.06)であった。血圧,総コレステロール,中性脂肪,尿酸の有所見の発現に関して,体重増加の有意な関係は認めなかった。以上より,青年期から7kg以上の体重増加を認めた者において,体重増加速度が糖代謝異常の発現に関連していることが示され,体重増加速度が有する健康危険指標の意義が確認された。