著者

久保田 貴大

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.15-27, 2012 (Released:2016-01-15)

参考文献数

12

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Cryptographic schemes must be presented with a security proof based on complexity theory. However, security proofs tend to be complex and difficult to verify, because an adversary can access various kinds of oracles. The use of formal methods is a way to tame such complexity. Hoare logic has been used to verify properties of programs and its probabilistic extension has also been provided. In this paper,we introduce a probabilistic Hoare logic and its application to verification of security proofs of public key encryption schemes. Adversarial attacks are formalized as programs with probabilistic execution and security properties are formalized as first-order logic formulae.

著者

佐藤 有理 鈴木 真

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.67-72, 2016-12-20 (Released:2017-09-29)

著者

池内 了

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.2_19-2_31, 2010 (Released:2011-04-01)

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There are many uncertainties in the knowledge of modern sciences, especially the sciences of complex systems. Here, in the first I discuss the pseudo-sciences and indicate the pseudo-scientific tides due to the uncertainties of complex systems, whose origins are made clear such as chaos, self-organization, butterfly effect, and so on. The uncertainties are intrinsic in complex systems. In the next, I present the possible role of scientific communication, especially stressing how the scientific communicators overcome the uncertainties of sciences. This will become a fatal point of scientific communication. Finally, I add the possible cooperation between the natural and social scientists.

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.1_99-1_109, 2010 (Released:2010-09-26)

著者

須田 悠基

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.1-24, 2020-09-30 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

17

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Truth pluralism is a theory of truth stating that truth is realized in more than one manner. This theory has two goals: (1) to provide a model that can cope with every truth-apt proposition while accommodating the merit of each monist position and (2) to demonstrate that truth is substantive. To achieve these goals, truth pluralism depends on three theoretical tools: minimalism concerning truth-aptitude, platitude, and domain. In this paper, I will demonstrate how truth pluralism fails to achieve its goals since its theoretical tools are beset by some serious issues. Finally, I indicate the correct manner of truth pluralism to achieve the desired goals.

著者

村上 祐子

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.69-76, 2012 (Released:2016-01-13)

著者

金子 正義

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.133-145, 1968-10-10 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

31

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In the finst place, I tried to make the meaning of the word dialectical "Contradiction" clear. It seems to me there are two usages of that term. The first, the contradiction in existence. The second, the contradiction in logical. It is my principal purpose in this two subject how we can get no contradiction.In my opinion, to find the contradiction in existence consists of Aristotle's principle of contradiction. As to the methodology of the expressional contradiction, for "Real Existence, " I took the cases of ideal dialectic and material dialectic, and analysed the relation between their expressional contradiction.

著者

清水 右郷

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.155-158, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

著者

鈴木 真奈

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.147-149, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

3

著者

丸田 健

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.1-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

参考文献数

33

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Does (the former) “Part II” of the Philosophical Investigations represent departures for new directions toward the “philosophy of psychology”? In this article, we will go back to Wittgenstein's pre-Investigations writings and see that the examination of the concept of meaning experiences, together with the examination of other “peculiar” psychological experiences, constitutes a driving force within his later philosophy. In particular, we will note that Part II of the Brown Book deals predominantly with themes from the philosophy of psychology, and how Wittgenstein attempts therein to represent descriptions of experiences in terms of the grammar of expression, thereby shunning the Augustinian conception of description. Such interest in meaning experiences and related psychological experiences is not fully reflected in the last sections of “Part I” of the Investigations. In view of Wittgenstein's prior concern, the possibility strongly remains that the now severed “Part II” forms in some way an indispensable part of his unfinished masterpiece.

著者

新川 拓哉

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.331-335, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

著者

加地 大介

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.324-327, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

著者

野村 恭史

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.45-63, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

18

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In the “Appendix B” to his Principles of Mathematics (1903), Bertrand Russell developed a theory of types that is different explicitly from his so-called “ramified” theory of types in Principia Mathematica (1910). It is not easy to evaluate properly this “Appendix B” theory of types, because (A) it is sometimes thought that it is only a rough sketch added hastily, and (B) it seems to play no role for Russellʼs later theoretical developments. But in this paper, I shall show that both (A) and (B) are not correct and that the “Appendix B” theory of types played an important role for his theoretical developments leading to the ramified theory of types.

著者

岡田 光弘

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.95-114, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

28

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We discuss the equational representations of the elimination rule of inductive types, with a focus on the type “natural number”, in the context of the series of approaches to separating an equational calculus from logic. We go back to a source of the purely equational representation of the elimination rule, Wittgenstein's uniqueness rule. We analyze Wittgenstein's argument, in comparison with others', which gives supplementary remarks to Marion-Okada (2018).

著者

佐藤 直樹 等

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.65-73, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-11-08)

著者

清水 右郷

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.77-87, 2020-09-30 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

13

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Various research findings about conflict of interest (COI) converge on the worrisome influence of COI on research results. This paper aim to diagnose problems of current institutional safeguards against the influence of COI and then suggest how to improve them. I will summarize the findings about the influence of COI and the safeguards against it. At the same time, I will give the diagnosis that the lack of reliable COI risk assessment is a crucial deficit. Therefore, my proposal is a way to implement scientfic COI risk assessment, which is based on the previous works in philosophy of science and risk study.

著者

松阪 陽一

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.85-106, 2017-12-20 (Released:2019-05-02)

参考文献数

21

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A new way of interpreting or approaching Wittgenstein’s remarks on following rules in Philosophical Investigations will be introduced. The notion of “family resemblance” will be claimed to play a central role in Wittgenstein’s views on what our concepts are, and therefore on what it is to employ them. By way of illustrating his views on concepts, I will appeal to certain models of concept and classification from psychology and machine learning. Wittgenstein’s fundamental remarks on following rules will be presented as natural consequences of his views on the nature of our concepts.

著者

佐藤 雅彦

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.67-84, 2016-07-31 (Released:2016-11-10)

参考文献数

16

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“The Full Picture of Frege’s Philosophy” (Keiso Shobo, 2012) by Kazuyuki Nomoto gives a detailed account of Gottlob Frege’s life devoted to a failed attempt to develop mathematics formally and entirely from scratch based upon his logicism and his semantical understanding of mathematical entities. In the present paper, I review the book and recommend it as a challenging and inspiring book to anyone who wishes to understand the modern meaning of Frege’s philosophy.

著者

藤川 吉美

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.25-36, 1971-12-01 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

著者

北村 直彰 森田 紘平

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.1-22, 2019-12-30 (Released:2020-06-20)

参考文献数

27

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Ontic structural realism (hereafter OSR) is one of the most significant ontological attitudes toward modern physics. On close examination, OSR can be classified into several versions in terms of the relative ontological status of objects and relations. Previous studies have not carefully dealt with the differences among the several versions of OSR, mainly because the meanings of some metaphysical concepts are ambiguous. Among them, one way to formulate OSR is to appeal to the idea of identity. However, “identity” can be regarded as either numerical identity or essence. In this article, the derivations of OSR’s minimal statements from the cases in quantum theory give a clear-cut explanation about relationships between metaphysical and scientific statements and show that the formulation of OSR should be based on essence.