著者
関 治之
雑誌
デジタルプラクティス (ISSN:21884390)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.2, pp.104-111, 2016-04-15

福島県浪江町では,東日本大震災および福島第一原子力発電所の事故の影響で,長期および広範囲にわたる全町民の一時避難生活という前例のない状況におかれている.そのような状況の中で,町は町民にタブレット端末を配布することを決定した.それに伴い,自治体として提供すべき情報発信ツールの在り方を検討し,開発を行う必要があった.そもそも町民がどのような生活を営んでいて,どのようなニーズを持っているのかから把握するため,ユーザインタビューによるペルソナ作成や,アイデアソン/ハッカソンイベントの開催による住民参加型のプロトタイピングを実施した.プロトタイピング以降の調達仕様の作成や調達,プロジェクトマネジメントも行う必要があった.浪江町で行った「町民中心設計」のプロセスを元に,課題当事者と共に要求開発を行い,そこから実際のシステムの開発までを解説する.
著者
鈴木 道治
出版者
独立行政法人 国立高等専門学校機構 木更津工業高等専門学校
雑誌
木更津工業高等専門学校紀要 (ISSN:21889201)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, pp.79-82, 2016-01-29 (Released:2017-02-10)
参考文献数
6

Since the latter half of the 2009 academic year, I have developed the class on the philosophy of "manabiai", which was introduced and has been proceeded by Professor Nishikawa in Joetsu University of Education. In recent years the Ministry of Education insisted on introducing active learning to high school, junior high school, and elementary school in the next "gakushu sidou youryou". So in this paper I report the relationship between "manabiai" and active learning.
著者
Tomohisa Takagi Yuji Naito Ryo Inoue Saori Kashiwagi Kazuhiko Uchiyama Katsura Mizushima Saeko Tsuchiya Tetsuya Okayama Osamu Dohi Naohisa Yoshida Kazuhiro Kamada Takeshi Ishikawa Osamu Handa Hideyuki Konishi Kayo Okuda Yoshimasa Tsujimoto Hiromu Ohnogi Yoshito Itoh
出版者
SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN
雑誌
Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.1, pp.100-105, 2018 (Released:2018-01-01)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
86

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat gastro-esophageal reflux and prevent gastric ulcers, and have been considered as low risk. However, recent studies have identified possible associations between PPI use and gut microbiota, suggesting that PPIs use increases the risk of enteric infections, including Clostridium difficile infection. To investigate gut microbiota in Japanese PPIs users, we conducted 16S metagenomics analysis of fecal samples collected from PPI users and healthy adults. In total, 36 PPI users and 36 PPI non-users (as control subjects) matched by age and sex were recruited and fecal samples were obtained to analyze the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. There were significant differences in the microbial structure between PPI non-users and PPI users. In contrast, the analysis of α-diversity revealed no significant differences between PPI non-users and PPI users. When comparing in genus level between these two groups, the genera Streptococcus was significantly abundant and the genera Faecalibacterium was significantly decreased in PPI users. Our findings indicate a probable association between PPI use and the alternation of microbiota. These alterations might provide a mechanism by which PPIs predispose enteric infection such as Clostridium difficile infection.
著者
池田 昌広
出版者
京都産業大学
雑誌
京都産業大学論集. 人文科学系列 = Acta humanistica et scientifica Universitatis Sangio Kyotiensis (ISSN:02879727)
巻号頁・発行日
no.50, pp.207-230, 2017-03

書写用の紙は2 世紀初め洛陽で考案された。その理由を通説はこういう。当時の人びとが重くかさばる不便な竹簡に替わるより便利な書写材を追求した結果,紙が開発された,と。しかし竹簡の不便の表白は紙という便利な書写材を入手して以降の文献に限られる。そもそも竹簡の使用歴は過去千年以上あったにもかかわらず,なぜ2 世紀になって新たな書写材が考案されたのか,通説では説明できない。小論は,気候変動による竹材供給の不安定が紙開発の動機であったと考える。竹は高温多湿をこのむ植物である。殷周時代は非常に温暖湿潤で華北でも竹は潤沢に生えていた。しかし六朝時代の小氷期に向かって華北の気候は寒冷乾燥へ変化していった。いきおい中原の竹は衰退していったと推される。竹材は不足がちになり,その状況があらたな書写材の開発をうながしたのではないか。その結論が紙であったと思うのである。

9 0 0 0 OA 大事小事

著者
徳富猪一郎 著
出版者
民友社
巻号頁・発行日
1932
著者
山田 哲久 名取 良弘 今本 尚之
出版者
日本神経救急学会
雑誌
日本神経救急学会雑誌 (ISSN:16193067)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.2, pp.32-37, 2014-07-11 (Released:2015-05-02)
参考文献数
11

Sudden intense headache commonly develops in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can be easily diagnosed using head computed tomography (CT) or head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We treated two patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who could not be diagnosed on the basis of imaging findings. We diagnosed them with subarachnoid hemorrhage after performing lumbar puncture. Here, we report the case findings.Case 1: An 82-year-old manHe developed sudden intense headache while going to eat at home. Head CT did not reveal a clear subarachnoid hemorrhage. The iso-intensity mass was seen in basal cistern by head MRI. However, head magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed an aneurysm in the anterior communicating artery. Cerebrospinal fluid extracted after lumbar puncture was clear. We considered the patient to have an unruptured cerebral aneurysm.Case 2: A 38-year-old womanShe developed sudden intense headache and vomited twice while relaxing at home. The iso-intensity mass was seen in basal cistern by head MRI. However, head MRA revealed an aneurysm in the right internal posterior communication artery. Cerebrospinal fluid extracted after lumbar puncture had a light red color. We considered the patient to have subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, and performed emergency clipping and craniotomy.Consideration and conclusionWe think that performing an imaging examination in all patients with headache is unnecessary. We performed an imaging examination only when we suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage after analyzing a patient’s medical history. If subarachnoid hemorrhage is suspected in a case with no abnormal imaging findings, lumbar puncture should be considered.
著者
木村 利昭 藤原 正弘 小川 敬子 藤野 良子 相良 康重 神武 正信 井筒 雅 中島 一郎
出版者
社団法人日本農芸化学会
雑誌
日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.12, pp.1343-1350, 1996-12-01
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
7 3

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the morphology of starch granules and the strength of market Udon (Japanese noodles), that is, fresh Udon, frozen Udon and cooled Udon after cooking. Udon samples were cooked for a given time and observed with SEM and also we measured the breaking strength. The following results were obtained. 1.The degree of swelling of starch granules in cooked Udon samples differed with the position from the surface. The starch granules near the surface swelled extremely and did not retain their original granular form. 2.A black ring was observed in the cross-section of all cooked Udon in SEM images. The black ring may be caused by the difference in the water content between near the surface and the core of cooked Udon. 3.The starch granules in the core of cooked Udon had a distinct form, but they were not a round shape. The shallow surface layer of each starch granule swelled and gave high contrast. The core of the each starch granule showed low contrast because of its compact structure, which looked black in the SEM images. The area of the black zone was different among Udon samples. 4.There was a correlation between the total area of low contrast zone in the starch granules and the breaking strength of Udon. The area of low contrast zone can be used for an evaluation scale of cooked Udon.