著者
Tanaka Hideo
出版者
Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University
雑誌
The Kyoto economic review (ISSN:13496786)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.1, pp.16-39, 2010

It is often said that Witherspoon brought Scottish Enlightenment to America, and diffused Reid’s Common Sense Philosophy in the continent. At the time he arrived in the former British colony, however, the Americans had already read Scottish books, such as those written by Hutcheson, Hume, Kames, Montesquieu, Locke, Cato, and others. Hutcheson’s Introduction had been used as a text book in Harvard and elsewhere. America’s struggle for independence had appealed to the right of resistance against the mother country, as suggested by Locke or Hutcheson. Communication, trades, and travels flourished in the eighteenth century. Benjamin Franklin was acquainted with Scottish philosophers—Kames, Hume, Smith, etc—and helped the next generation of Americans study in Britain. Many Scottish intellectuals, governors, clergymen, doctors, merchants, and laborers migrated to America. Similarly, many American medical students went to Edinburgh. Madison wrote the plan for a Federal Republic upon the suggestion of Hume. Smith’s The Wealth of Nations introduced the thesis of “commerce and liberty.” The Scottish Enlightenment supported its American counterpart, American independence (1776), the making of the US Constitution (1787), and the forging of the American Nation. This paper examines the correspondence between the two enlightenments.
著者
植杉 大
出版者
[出版者不明]
巻号頁・発行日
2005-11

制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲2125号 ; 学位の種類:博士(経済学) ; 授与年月日:2005/11/15 ; 早大学位記番号:新4118
著者
井上 琢智 Takutoshi Inoue
雑誌
経済学論究 (ISSN:02868032)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.3, pp.687-708, 2009-12-15
著者
河田 大輔 小林 国之
出版者
北海道大学大学院農学研究院 = The Department of Agricultural Economics, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
雑誌
北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, pp.43-54, 2010-03-31

This study aimed to evaluate the new system of agricultural advisory services of the Japanese Agricultural Co-operatives (JA), especially Large-scale JA in Hokkaido. Under current economics circumstances, some JAs have decided to achieve economic merit by large-scale merging. However, seeking this merit of scale can often go in the opposite direction in building good relationships with members. We explored JA KITAMIRAI which employs a new system of agricultural advisory services to achieve both the merit of scale and fostering good relations with its members. The new system is characterized by a unique organization which encourages staff of the JA to visit memberユs farm to give advices directly. We found that the new system of advisory services have the possibility to achieve economic merit of scale and foster a good relation with members as long as JA establishes a new system of business management and education of the staff of JA.
著者
Kohanbash Gary Ishikawa Eiichi Fujita Mitsugu Ikeura Maki McKaveney Kayla Zhu Jianzhong Sakaki Masashi Sarkar Saumendra N. Okada Hideho
出版者
Landes Bioscience
雑誌
OncoImmunology (ISSN:21624011)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.4, pp.487-492, 2012-07
被引用文献数
10 5

We have previously reported that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12553612 in IFNA8 is associated with better overall survival of glioma patients with the AA-genotype compared with patients with the AC-genotype. As rs12553612 is located in the IFNA8 promoter, we hypothesized that the A-allele allows for an enhanced IFNA8 promoter activity compared with the C-allele. Reporter assays in the human monocyte derived THP-1 cell line demonstrated a superior promoter activity of the A-allele compared with the C-allele. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) further demonstrated that the A-genotype specifically binds to more nuclear proteins than the C-genotype, including the transcription factor Oct-1. Further, co-transfection of plasmids encoding Oct-1 and the reporter constructs revealed that Oct-1 enhanced the promoter activity with the A- but not the C-allele. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the A-allele in the rs12553612 SNP, which is associated with better glioma patient survival, allows for IFNA8 transcription by allowing for Oct-1 binding, which is absent in patients with C allele, and suggests a molecular mechanism of IFNA8 mediated immune-surveillance of glioma progression.
著者
出口 幸子
出版者
Waseda University
巻号頁・発行日
2003-07

制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲1816号 ; 学位の種類:博士(情報科学) ; 授与年月日:2003/7/17 ; 早大学位記番号:新3629
著者
大塚 龍児
出版者
北海道大学法学部
雑誌
北大法学論集 (ISSN:03855953)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.5-6, pp.311-331, 1988-07-30