著者

Yuichiro Tanioka Kenji Satake

出版者

The Seismological Society of Japan, Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, The Volcanological Society of Japan , The Geodetic Society of Japan , The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences

雑誌

Earth, Planets and Space (ISSN:13438832)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.235-241, 2001 (Released:2010-03-09)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

73

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Coseismic slip distribution on the fault plane of the 1946 Nankai earthquake (Mw 8.3) was estimated from inversion of tsunami waveforms. The following three improvements from the previous study (Satake, 1993) were made. (1) Larger number of smaller subfaults is used; (2) the subfaults fit better to the slab geometry; and (3) more detailed bathymetry data are used. The inversion result shows that the agreement between observed and synthetic waveforms is greatly improved from the previous study. In the western half of the source region off Shikoku, a large slip of about 6 m occurred near the down-dip end of the locked zone. The slip on the up-dip or shallow part was very small, indicating a weak seismic coupling in that region. In the eastern half of the source region off Kii peninsula, a large slip of about 3 m extended over the entire locked zone. Large slips on the splay faults in the upper plate estimated from geodetic data (Sagiya and Thatcher, 1999) were not required to explain the tsunami waveforms, suggesting that the large slips were aseismic. Two slip distributions on the down-dip end of the plate interface, one from geodetic data and the other from tsunami waveforms, agree well except for slip beneath Cape Muroto in Shikoku. This suggests that aseismic slip also occurred on the plate interface beneath Cape Muroto.

著者

太刀川 平治

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電氣學會雜誌 (ISSN:00202878)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.sup, pp.151-194, 1914-10-28 (Released:2008-11-20)

著者

太刀川 平治

出版者

一般社団法人 照明学会

雑誌

照明学会雑誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.9, pp.381-403, 1930 (Released:2010-10-27)

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人類文明史上最も記念すべきものの一なる電燈の起源より50年を経たる今日に於て, 本記念會の爲に一場の講演ななす機會な得たることは我が最も光榮とすろ所なり. 此機會に於て吾邦電氣事業の開祖たる藤岡市助氏及電燈の發明者たるスワン, エヂソン兩氏が斯業界に與へられたる偉大なる效績に對し諸君と共に深甚なる敬意な表す. 吾邦電氣事業の概況及觀察な述ぶるに於て, 其前半に於ては吾國電氣事業發達の経路な統計に依りて概述すると同時に諸外國の實例な幾分引用し, 共後半に於ては演者の電氣事業に關する觀察の概要を述べんとするものなり. 而して人口以下収入及支出に至ろ各項の統計及添附圖面に於ける數字は主として電氣事業要覧の示す所に據れるものにして, 特に記述せざる限り電氣鐵道專業者, 準用事業者, 自家用事業者及官廳の分を除き, 單に電氣供給事業者及兼營事業者 (電氣供給及電氣鐵道) の分のみに就ての數字なり. 又上記の統計及添附圖面に於けろ數字は朝鮮, 臺灣及樺太を除きたろもの即ち吾邦内地のみに關すうものなり.

著者

山田 太三郎

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電氣學會雜誌 (ISSN:00202878)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.738, pp.140-144, 1950 (Released:2008-11-20)

参考文献数

12

著者

太刀川 平治

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電氣學會雜誌 (ISSN:00202878)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.394, pp.305-320, 1921 (Released:2008-11-20)

著者

Jinqiang Huang Yongjuan Li Yuzhu Luo

出版者

公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.08.003, (Released:2017-02-24)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

17

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The rumen microbiome plays a vital role in ruminant nutrition and health, and its community is affected by environmental factors. However, little is known about the rumen bacterial community of ruminants living in the special ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China. The objectives of this study were to investigate the rumen bacterial community of the typical plateau sheep (Tibetan sheep, TS, and Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep, GS) grazing on the QTP, using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and to evaluate the relationship between the rumen bacterial community and the QTP environment. A total of 116 sequences (201 clones) were examined and divided into 53 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the TS library and 46 OTUs in the GS library. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences that belonged to the Firmicutes were the most predominant bacteria in both TS and GS libraries, representing 79.4% and 62.8% of the total clones, respectively. The remaining sequences belonged to Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, or were unclassified bacteria. Sequence analysis revealed that the TS and GS rumens harbored many novel sequences associated with uncultured bacteria that accounted for 63.6% and 46.8% of the total clones, respectively. Comparison of the composition and diversity of the TS and GS rumen bacteria revealed few overlapping known bacteria between the two breeds, and a higher diversity in TS. The rumen bacteria of the plateau sheep showed higher percentages of bacteria that belonged to Firmicutes and novel species compared with the low-elevation sheep. The unique bacterial community in the plateau sheep rumens is perhaps one of the major reasons that they can adapt to the harsh plateau environment. These results can help identify the rumen bacterial community of the ruminants in the QTP, and provide bacteria resources and basic data to improve ruminant productivity.

著者

Yunhong Kong James Kong Dingkang Wang Heping Huang Kaiyou Geng Yonxia Wang Yun Xia

出版者

公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.08.002, (Released:2017-02-24)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

14

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In the present study, high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to investigate soil invaded by the aggressive weed Ageratina adenophora to determine its effect on the species composition, distribution, and biodiversity of the bacterial communities. Soil samples from 12 micro-sites containing a monoculture of A. adenophora plants, mixtures of A. adenophora and different native plant species, and native species alone were studied. We found that the invasion of this weed resulted in a selection of bacteria belonging to phyla Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia and the lack of bacteria belonging to phyla Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes, but did not affect significantly the percentage abundances of members of other phyla. A similar bacterial population selection was also observed at genus or subgroup levels. The NO3–-N level was an important factor affecting soil bacterial communities and contributed to the dominance of A. adenophora. However, the numbers of total bacterial species, and the diversity and structure of soil bacterial microbiome did not (P > 0.05) change significantly following invasion by this weed.

著者

川田 稔 高梨 茂 中島 靖夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.774-776, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

4

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Ferrous [59Fe] D-glucuronate was prepared from glucuronic acid and ferrous [59Fe] carbonate which was obtained from 59FeCl3. In this reaction almost the whole process was carried out automatically in nitrogen atmosphere. Determination of glucuronic acid in ferrous glucuronate by naphthoresorcinol picrate was not disturbed by the presence of radioactive ferrous ion.

著者

綾田 渙

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.778-783, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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Resolution of dl-(2-hydroxy-3-cyanopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (III) was carried out with d-tartaric acid or dibenzoyl-d-tartaric acid, and dextro- and levorotatory compounds of (III) were obtained. Hydrolysis of these optically active (III) with conc. hydrochloric acid by heating in a boiling water bath afforded the corresponding d- and l-(2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (VII). Of these, the levorotatory (VII) was found to correspond to the hydrochloride of natural carnitine (VIII). Infrared spectra of these compounds are given.

著者

市川 正孝 高木 康 一番ケ瀬 尚

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.768-771, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

4

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Nitration of ethyl 8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate (I) in glacial acetic acid solution affords ethyl 5-nitro-8-hydroxycoumari-3-carboxylate (III), m.p. 203.5-204°, and ethyl 7-nitro-8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate (IV), m.p. 201-202°. Methylation of (III) and (IV) with methyl iodide respectively gives 8-methoxy compounds, (VII) of m.p. 184-186°, and (VIII) of m.p. 152°, respectively. On the other hand, nitration of 3-methoxy-salicylaldehyde acetate (XVI) affords 4-nitro (IX), m.p. 92-93°, 5-nitro (X), m.p. 142°, and 6-nitro (XI), m.p. 104°, compounds. By condensation of (IX) and (XI) with ethyl malonate, in the presence of piperidine, the position of the nitro group in the foregoing (III) and (IV) was determined.Hydrolysis of (I), (III), and (IV) with hydrochloric acid respectively afforded 8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, m.p. 292-293° (decomp.), 5-nitro-8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, m.p. 292-293° (decomp.), 5-nitro-8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (V), 257-258°, and 7-nitro-8-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (VI), m.p. 246-248°.

著者

桑野 晴光 田村 千尋

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.764-767, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 2

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Polymorphism of chloramphenicol was examined by the X-ray diffraction method and quantitative relationship between the two crystal forms was examined. In general, proportionation of concentration to diffraction intensity can be quantitated in polymorphs but the method was inconvenient for use with organic compounds due to strict packing conditions. In the binary system (α- and β-forms) of chloramphenicol palmitate, specific intensity and specific concentration of the component were in proportion and quantitative straight line independent of packing codition was obtained. This was found to be effective in the range of over 3% of the β-form and precision is within 1%. As the quantitative linear equation: the following was obtained: xβ/xα=(0.347±0.005)⋅Iβ/Iα, where x is the concentration of the component and I is the intensity of reflection.

著者

田村 千尋 桑野 晴光

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.759-764, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 1

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From the consideration of X-ray diffraction, infrared absorption spectra, and various transition conditions of long-chain esters of chloramphenicol, and some assumptions were made on their crystal structure.1) According to X-ray diffraction, all-trans configuration for the long-chain portion of the β-form molecule results in good agreement between the molecular models and the long axis by X-ray measurement. In the case of α-form, the long axis of the crystal cannot be explained unless the molecule is assumed to have some cis linkages or the long chain part is a trans structure but deeply twined with each other.2) Infrared absorption spectra suggest that the α-form is closely resembled to a solution state and crystals with a cis configuration, having distorted molecule, may be assumed. The β-form is considered to have a higher order molecular arrangement as a crystal and it is convenient to assume an all-trans configuration by X-ray measurement.3) Stability of the β-form can be assumed form the measurement of melting point and specific gravity. On the other hand, similarity to the α-form and solution state (or amorphous state) as found from transition conditions and these agree well with the above two measurements.

著者

田村 千尋 桑野 晴光

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.755-759, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

13 19

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It was found that chloramphenicol palmitate, myristate, and caprylate come in two kinds of crystalline form and one amorphous form. These compounds were prepared and their transition conditions were examined.1) When the crystals is dissolved in a solvent and crystallized out, optional form of crystals can be obtained by controlling crystallization rate and this form is not affected by polarity or pH of the solvent. Crystals of α-form is obtained by rapid crystallization while the β-form is obtained by gradual crystallization. When a small amount is fused and cooled rapidly in a refrigerator, a vitrious substance is obtained.2) Transition between the solids occur only in the direction of amorphous to α-form to β-form, and there is no reverse progress. The transition rate is faster, the nearer the melting point. The mechanism of such a transition is thought to be the transition to a stable form by the heat motion of the molecule itself. The transition rate becomes suddenly rapid after formation of β-form crystal and this is considered to be due to added effect of catalytic transition.

著者

関口 慶二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.664-669, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

9

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Solubilizing action of the sodium salt of benzoic acid, o-, m-, and p-hydroxy-, methoxy-, amino-, nitro-, and chloro-benzoic acid, and nicotinic acid on caffeine was determined and the effect of the kind and position on the solubilization was examined. The solubilizing action was found to be in the descending order, in molar equivalent of the salt, of salicylate≅m-chloro-, p-chloro-, m-hydroxy-≅p-hydroxy-≅m-methoxy-≅p-methoxy-, m-nitro-, p-nitro-, o-amino-, and p-amino-benzoate, benzoate, m-aminobenzoate, nicotinate, and o-chloro-, o-methoxy-, and o-nitro-benzoate. The solubilizing action of these benzoates is assumed to be not due to formation of a complex of established composition but due to the formation of a hydrogen bond between caffeine and benzoate, with the water molecule of the solvent acting as the hydrogen-bond donor.

著者

掛見 喜一郎 有田 隆一 大橋 貞

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.748-750, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 1

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Potency determination of kanamycin solution was carried out as follows: To 5cc. of kanamycin solution in water, 0.5cc. of 20% sodium carbonate solution is added, followed by 0.5cc. of 1% solution of sodium 1, 2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate with cooling in ice water, and the mixture is allowed to stand at 0° to 2° for 20 minutes, protected from light. To this solution, 1.0cc. of acetone and 0.5cc. of 50% acetic acid are added and optical density of this solution, is measured at 420 mμ. As a control, the same procedure is carried out with distilled water in place of the sample solution. The potency of the sample solution is read from the calibration curve prepared with kanamycin of known potency.The same determination was carried on samples boiled with acid or alkali, and samples left at various temperatures. Comparison of the values so obtained with the values determined by the cup method, stipulated in the antibiotics standard, showed good agreement.

著者

加瀬 佳年 由井薗 倫一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.740-747, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

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The pharmacology of d-N, N, 1-trimethyl-3-(ethylsulfonyl)-3, 3-diphenylpropylamine hydrochloride (A-5) was described in detail. A-5 showed a long-acting antitussive activity, duration of the effect being 18.9 times that of codeine (intravenous) and 13.5 times that of codeine (oral), though 50% antitussive dose is only 1.4 and 1.7 times that of codeine in dogs and cats, respectively. The site of action seemed to be the cough center per se. Toxicity in mice (subcutaneous) is 1.5 times that of codeine and 30% that of Methadone. No tendency to establish tolerance, cumulative action, or addiction liability was found by long-term administration. Analgesic action and other actions were discussed.

著者

角 保男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.652-655, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

5

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Leucoriboflavin 5′-phosphate derivatives were prepared by reductive acylation of riboflavin 5′-phosphate. These compounds were rather unstable and were easily hydrolyzed to riboflavin 5′-phosphate derivatives, regaining the yellow color. On heating with 17% hydrochloric acid, leucoriboflavin 5′-phosphate tetraacetate and monoethylformate yielded riboflavin 2′, 5′-anhydride, m.p. 300-302°. This substance was sensitive to light and formed lumichrome as the photo-decomposition product on exposure to light.

著者

角 保男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.5, pp.647-651, 1961-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

3

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Leucoriboflavin, reduced form of riboflavin, is easily oxidized to riboflavin when shaken with air. To retain the leuco state, riboflavin was reduced with sodium dithionite or with zinc in acid solution to the leuco compound and its acylation with acetic anhydride or benzoyl chloride gave leucoriboflavin acylate. These compounds were stable in solid state but were easily decomposed to riboflavin acylate on exposure to sunlight or by heating, regaining the yellow color. Several decomposition products of leucoriboflavin acylate are described.

著者

瓜谷 大輔 福本 貴彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学Supplement Vol.37 Suppl. No.2 (第45回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.A4P2078, 2010 (Released:2010-05-25)

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【目的】解剖学や運動学のテキストに書かれている筋の作用は解剖学的肢位における作用である。しかし、いくつかの股関節回旋筋については股関節屈曲角度の増大に伴って、その作用が解剖学的肢位での作用から逆転することが報告されている。股関節回旋筋の筋力を測定する際には股関節90度屈曲位で行うのが一般的であるが、上記のことから考えると股関節90度屈曲位での筋力測定は,テキストに記載されている股関節回旋筋の主動筋の筋力を反映していないのではないかと考えられる。そこで本研究では、股関節の肢位による股関節回旋トルクの変化について調査することを目的とした。【方法】対象者は下肢に外傷等の既往のない健康な大学生20名とした(男性6名、女性14名、平均年齢21.6±1.0歳)。測定前にボールを蹴る方の脚を利き脚として利き脚側を事前に聴取した。対象者はトルクマシン(Biodex System3、Biodex社製)のシートに、シートの前縁が膝窩部に一致するように座らせ、代償動作を抑制するために体幹,骨盤,計測側大腿部をベルトで固定し,シート両側の手すりまたは支柱を把持させた。測定条件は座面に対するバックレストの角度を10度(臥位)、55度(半臥位)、85度(座位)の3条件に設定することにより,股関節屈曲角度を変化させた。運動課題は股関節内外旋0度、内外転0度、膝関節90度屈曲位での最大等尺性股関節内旋・外旋運動とし、両側に対して実施した。各条件下での測定は、5秒間の運動と5秒間のインターバルを反復して内旋、外旋を交互に3回ずつ行った。左右の順番および測定条件の順番については、被験者ごとに無作為に設定した。また各条件での測定間には1分間のインターバルを設けた。各条件で得られたデータについては測定した3回のトルクの平均値を算出し、採用した。統計解析は利き脚か否か(以下、脚要因)とバックレストの角度(以下、角度要因)の二要因での二元配置分散分析とTukeyの多重比較検定を用いて行った。なお有意水準は5%未満とした。【説明と同意】対象者には事前に研究の主旨について説明し、書面への署名によって同意を得た。【結果】本研究の結果、股関節内旋トルクおよび外旋トルクともに,脚要因と角度要因による交互作用は認めなかった。股関節内旋トルクについては角度要因(p<0.01)にのみ有意な主効果を認めた。多重比較検定の結果,股関節内旋トルクはバックレストの角度55度で10度より有意に高値であり(p<0.01),85度では10度および55度より有意に高値を示した(それぞれp<0.01,p<0.05)。一方股関節外旋トルクについては両要因ともに主効果は認められなかった。【考察】遺体を使用した研究で、Dostalらはモーメントアームの長さの変化から、股関節20度伸展位で股関節内旋筋として作用する11筋のうち、股関節40度屈曲位では5筋で股関節内旋トルクが減少し、さらにそのうちの3筋は外旋筋に転じたと述べている。一方、股関節20度伸展位での股関節外旋筋については16筋のうち9筋は股関節40度屈曲位で外旋トルクが減少し、うち7筋については内旋筋に転じたと述べている。Delpらも同様に股関節屈曲角度の増大に伴い複数の股関節内旋筋で内旋トルクが増大し、股関節外旋筋では外旋トルクが減少すると報告している。本研究結果からも、股関節屈曲角度の増大とともに股関節内旋筋のモーメントアームが長くなり、産生される股関節内旋トルクが増大し、有意な変化を示したものと考えられた。一方、股関節外旋トルクについては、モーメントアームの変化が股関節外旋トルクに与える影響は小さく、また臥位という不慣れな肢位で運動を行った影響がモーメントアームの変化以上に影響を与えていたことが考えられた。本研究では設定した各肢位での股関節の角度について実測値を示すことができておらず、今後の課題である。【理学療法学研究としての意義】今回、股関節の肢位の変化によって股関節内旋の等尺性運動でのトルクは有意な変化を示した。今後は股関節回旋筋力評価や股関節回旋筋の治療やトレーニングを実施するにあたって、股関節の屈曲角度を考慮したうえで実施する必要があり、当該部位の既存の評価や治療については再考すべき点があることが示唆された。

著者

大村 喜吉

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1973, no.5, pp.81-90, 1972-04-30 (Released:2009-09-16)