著者
三浦 麻子
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.1, pp.3-12, 2018 (Released:2019-07-11)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
6

Open science is an academic movement to transform scientific research into a more open endeavor. For the purposes of this paper, we define open science as the infrastructure of a “statistical revolution,” which indicates the transformation of fundamental ideas in psychometrics. The four basic components of open science are: (1) open access, (2) open data, (3) data-centric science, and (4) civil science. With regard to open data and open access, we surveyed the present situation of psychological research and considered how it is associated with the statistical revolution internationally and domestically in Japan. To date, the introduction of open science to academic psychology circles has arrived relatively late in Japan. The future prospects of psychology in open science are discussed, especially with regard to what to do and how to do open science as a researcher.
著者
村山 綾 三浦 麻子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.90, no.2, pp.156-166, 2019 (Released:2019-06-27)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
12

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the Japanese version (Kanai, 2013) of the Moral Foundation Questionnaire (MFQ; Graham, Nosek, Haidt, Iyer, Koleva, & Ditto, 2011). In Study 1, we tested the internal validity of the MFQ using data collected from 855 participants, following the procedure by Graham et al. (2011). Analyses revealed that the five-factor model showed the best fit among any other model. In addition, a higher score in In-group, Authority, and Purity was related weakly but significantly to conservative political identity. In Study 2, we tested test-retest reliability as well as the relationships between the MFQ and ideologies, using data collected from 470 participants. The test-retest reliability was relatively low, compared to Graham et al. (2011). The relationships between the MFQ and ideologies were consistent overall with the Moral Foundations Theory. However, we also found several inconsistent results such as a higher score in Purity resulting in agreeing more with a liberal opinion. Usage of the Japanese version of the MFQ in empirical studies was discussed.
著者
村山 綾 三浦 麻子
出版者
法と心理学会
雑誌
法と心理 (ISSN:13468669)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, no.1, pp.90-99, 2015 (Released:2017-06-02)

本研究の目的は、裁判員裁判を模した専門家-非専門家の評議過程において、(1)非専門家が有罪・無罪判断に用いる材料が事前の意見分布や評議前後の意見変容のパターンによって異なるかどうかを検討することと、(2)裁判員の主観的成果の指標として満足度に注目し、評議の満足度を高める要因を多面的に検討することである。実験協力者の裁判官役1名(常に有罪を主張)、実験参加者の裁判員役3名の計4名からなる30集団が有罪・無罪判断を決定する評議を行った。大学生90名のデータを対象とした分析の結果、非専門家は、専門家や多数派の意見を参考に自らの判断を行うこと、評議に関する満足度には専門家に対する信頼の程度や、専門家や自分と同じ立場である非専門家との意見の相違などが影響することが示された。事件内容の理解も満足度を高めていたが、評議中の発言量とは関連が見られなかった。裁判員の評議への実質的参加を高める評議デザインについて議論した。
著者
村山 綾 今里 詩 三浦 麻子
出版者
法と心理学会
雑誌
法と心理 (ISSN:13468669)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.1, pp.35-44, 2012 (Released:2017-06-02)

本研究の目的は、専門家と非専門家による評議コミュニケーション場面で専門家の意見が評決に及ぼす影響について実験的に検討することである。実際の裁判員裁判に類似したシナリオを用いて、裁判員役の大学生3名と裁判官役の実験協力者1名の4名からなる評議体(合計93名、31評議体)が被告人の有罪・無罪について話し合った。事前意見分布(有罪多数、対立、無罪多数)と評議スタイル(評決主導もしくは証拠主導)を操作した。分析の結果、裁判官役と反対意見に判断を変化させる参加者よりも、同一判断に意見を変容させる参加者が多かった。また評議後に裁判官と同一判断だった参加者は、評議前の判断の確信度よりも評議後の確信度の方が高くなっていた。本研究で得られた知見に基づいて、裁判員制度および評議過程に関する提言を行った。
著者
三浦 麻子 小林 哲郎
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, pp.123-132, 2016-11-30 (Released:2016-11-30)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1

This study focuses on “satisficing” (answering behaviors in which participants do not devote appropriate attentional resources to the survey (Krosnick, 1991)) in an online survey and aims to investigate, via various indices, to what extent these behaviors are observed among students whose participation was solicited by the researchers in their universities. This study also aims to explore effective techniques to detect individuals who show satisficing tendencies as efficiently and accurately as possible. Online surveys were carried out at nine universities. Generally speaking, the predictive capability of various types of detection indices was not high. Though direct comparison with online survey panels was impossible because of differences in measurement methodology, the satisficing tendencies of university students were generally low. Our findings show that when using university students as samples for a study, researchers need not be “too intent” on detecting satisficing tendencies, and that it was more important to control the answering environment, depending on the content of the survey.
著者
三浦 麻子 小林 哲郎
出版者
WebLab
雑誌
メディア・情報・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:2432048X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.27-42, 2016-03

本研究は,オンライン調査における努力の最小限化(Satisfice; 調査協力者が調査に際して応分の注意資源を割かない行動)について,特に教示を精読しないものに焦点を当てて,その出現比率が協力を依頼した対象集団によってどの程度異なるかを検討した。検出項目にはIMC(Instructional manipulation check)を用いて,ネット調査会社,クラウドソーシングサービス,大学の参加者プールの登録者を対象として,7つのサンプルからデータを収集した結果を比較した(n=22,646)。ネット調査会社モニタにおける努力の最小限化出現比率が,クラウドソーシングサービス登録者や大学の参加者プール登録者より高いことが示された。こうした違いは,回答に際する動機づけの差異によるものであり,それはモニタや登録者の管理方法に起因するのではないかと考えられる。 This study investigatedsatisficing within online surveys, whereby panels do not allocate optimumlevels of attentional resources, particularly in terms of carefully reading the instructions. The difference in the appearance ratio of such satisficing among three target groups (online research company, crowdsourcing service, and university subject pool) with seven samples (n = 22,646) was examined. Instructional manipulation check(IMC)was used for detection. The appearance ratio of satisficing in online research company panels appeared higher than that of registered members of crowdsourcing services and the university subject pool. Such a difference might be because of their motivation when responding, which originates from the method of managing registered members. This study investigatedsatisficing within online surveys, whereby panels do not allocate optimumlevels of attentional resources, particularly in terms of carefully reading the instructions. The difference in the appearance ratio of such satisficing among three target groups (online research company, crowdsourcing service, and university subject pool) with seven samples (n = 22,646) was examined. Instructional manipulation check(IMC)was used for detection. The appearance ratio of satisficing in online research company panels appeared higher than that of registered members of crowdsourcing services and the university subject pool. Such a difference might be because of their motivation when responding, which originates from the method of managing registered members.
著者
三浦 麻子 小林 哲郎
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, pp.123-132, 2016

<p>This study focuses on "satisficing" (answering behaviors in which participants do not devote appropriate attentional resources to the survey (Krosnick, 1991)) in an online survey and aims to investigate, via various indices, to what extent these behaviors are observed among students whose participation was solicited by the researchers in their universities. This study also aims to explore effective techniques to detect individuals who show satisficing tendencies as efficiently and accurately as possible. Online surveys were carried out at nine universities. Generally speaking, the predictive capability of various types of detection indices was not high. Though direct comparison with online survey panels was impossible because of differences in measurement methodology, the satisficing tendencies of university students were generally low. Our findings show that when using university students as samples for a study, researchers need not be "too intent" on detecting satisficing tendencies, and that it was more important to control the answering environment, depending on the content of the survey.</p>
著者
三浦 麻子 楠見 孝 小倉 加奈代
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.1, pp.10-21, 2016

<p>This study examined chronological changes in attitudes towards foodstuffs from the areas contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, using citizens' data (<i>n</i>=1,752) from the panel surveys conducted in 4 waves between September 2011 and March 2014. Using the dual process theory of decision-making, the study attempts an empirical examination that includes the interaction of two factors: (1) anxiety regarding the radiation risks of the nuclear accident, which is hypothesized to lead to negative emotional decision-making following the formation of relevant attitudes, and (2) knowledge, higher-order literacy, and critical thinking, which are hypothesized to promote logical decision-making. Until three years after the nuclear accident, there was no large chronological variation in either anxiety regarding the radiation risks of the nuclear accident or attitudes toward foodstuffs from affected areas. The tendency regarding the latter was particularly strong in areas far from the location of the disaster. Negative attitudes regarding foodstuffs from affected areas were reduced through the possession of appropriate knowledge regarding the effects of radiation on the human body. However, the belief of possessing such knowledge may, conversely, hinder careful consideration with appropriate understanding.</p>
著者
折田 明子 三浦 麻子
出版者
一般社団法人 経営情報学会
雑誌
経営情報学会 全国研究発表大会要旨集 2011年秋季全国研究発表大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.85, 2011 (Released:2011-12-01)

日本国内において、インターネット上の電子掲示板等ネットコミュニティの利用に際して、利用者は実名を秘匿し、ニックネームなどの仮名を名乗る傾向がある。ただし、その仮名が継続して用いられるのか、その場限りなのかは明らかではなく、利用者が意識せずに仮名によって名寄せされた情報から本人が特定されるリスクもある。本稿では、読売新聞社による大型電子掲示板「発言小町」の利用者を対象にした調査結果をもとに、サイト利用者の「名乗り」の意識について考察する。回答者の約6割がネット上のみで通じるニックネームを名乗っており、実生活にひもづけられる名前はほとんど使われていない。また、積極的な書き込みをする利用者ほど、名乗る名前をその都度変化させていることが分かった。
著者
篠原 一光 三浦 麻子
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.3, pp.144-154, 1999
被引用文献数
4

The formation process of electronic communities on WWW bulletin boards was observed for 6 months. Subjects were 106 Internet users were unacquainted with one another. They communicated freely on a WWW bulletin board. Based on time course change of the number of remarks, participants were classified into 3 groups; high-participation group, low-participation group, and early high-participation group, members of which made remarks only in the early days. Compared with the other groups, subjects in the high-paticipation group tended to more frequently use the network for sending information (e.g. making remarks on Netnews), and had higher communication skills, which formed a sub-structure of social skills. The results suggest that social skills were related to active participation in electronic communities.
著者
三浦 麻子 小森 政嗣 松村 真宏 前田 和甫
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.2, pp.102-111, 2015
被引用文献数
17

In this article, we investigated the expression of emotional responses to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake by analyzing the frequency of negative emotional terms in tweets posted on Twitter, one of the most popular social media platforms. We focused on differences in time-series variations and diurnal changes between two kinds of disasters: natural disasters (earthquakes and tsunamis) and nuclear accidents. The number of tweets containing negative emotional responses increased sharply shortly after the first huge earthquake and decreased over time, whereas tweets about nuclear accidents showed no correlation with elapsed time. Expressions of anxiety about natural disasters had a circadian rhythm, with a peak at midnight, whereas expressions of anger about the nuclear accident were highly sensitive to critical events related to the accident. These findings were discussed in terms of similarities and differences compared to earlier studies on emotional responses in social media.
著者
村山 綾 三浦 麻子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.1, pp.1-9, 2015
被引用文献数
5

This study defined Belief in Just World (BJW) multidimensionally and investigated the effects of Belief in Immanent Justice (BIJ) and Belief in Ultimate Justice (BUJ) on victim derogation and draconian punishment of perpetrators. Study 1 tested the validity of the multidimensional structure of BJW and demonstrated relationships between BJW and other psychological variables. In Study 2, we measured the reactions to the victim and perpetrator in an injury case reported in a news article, and evaluated the relationships of these reactions to BIJ and BUJ. The results revealed that BIJ was associated with a preference in draconian punishment of the perpetrator, while BUJ was associated with dissociation from the victim (a type of victim derogation). In addition, as hypothesized, we found that dehumanization of the perpetrator partially mediated the relationship between BIJ and victim derogation. We discussed relationships between the two types of BJW and just-world maintenance strategies in the situation where a victim and a perpetrator are both recognized.
著者
三浦 麻子 鳥海 不二夫 小森 政嗣 松村 真宏 平石 界
出版者
人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (ISSN:13479881)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, 2014

災害情報の伝播においてソーシャルメディアの果たす役割は大きい.東日本大震災直後のツイッターで発信された情報は,リツイートが多くを占め,また被災地からの情報を非被災地の利用者が転送・拡散する傾向があったことが分かっている.本研究では,情報の伝播性(リツイート頻度の高さ)を規定する要因として,ツイートに含まれる感情語をポジティブ/ネガティブ,活性/不活性の2次元で分類し,災害の種類との関連を検討した.
著者
宮部 真衣 荒牧 英治 三浦 麻子
雑誌
研究報告マルチメディア通信と分散処理(DPS)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2011, no.17, pp.1-7, 2011-09-08
被引用文献数
2

2011 年 3 月 11 日に発生した東日本大震災においては,Twitter に多くのメッセージが投稿された.これまで,緊急時におけるマイクロブログの有用性が示されているものの,地域を考慮したマイクロブログの利用傾向に関する分析は十分に行われていない.本研究では,マイクロブログとして Twitter に着目し,東日本大震災発生後に Twitter へと投稿されたツイートを分析した.分析の結果,以下の知見を得た.(1) 被害の大きかった地域では直接的なメッセージのやり取りが行われる傾向がある.一方,被害の小さかった地域では,ツイートされた情報が拡散される傾向が高い.(2) 特に被害の大きい地域で発信された情報については,他地域へと移動する傾向が見られた.After the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake in Japan 2011, numerous tweets were exchanged on Twitter. Several studies have already pointed out that micro-blogging systems have shown potential advantages in emergency situations, but it remains unclear how people use them. This paper presents a case study of how people used Twitter after the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake. First, we gathered tweets immediately after the earthquake and analyzed various factors, including locations. The results revealed two findings: (1) people in the disaster area tend to directly communicate with each other. On the other hand, people in the other area prefer tend to rely on re-tweet; (2) information posted from the disaster area tends to spread in the other area.