著者
坂田 桐子 淵上 克義 高口 央 前田 和寛 迫田 裕子 川口 司寛
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2007

本研究では,フォロワーの自己概念が個人的自己・関係的自己・集合的自己のどのレベルにあるかによって,選好されるリーダーシップや有効なリーダーシップ行動が異なることを実証的に明らかにした。また,変革型リーダーシップ,リーダー・メンバー交換関係,リーダーの懲罰行動,自己犠牲行動という多様なリーダーシップ行動に焦点を当てることによって,フォロワーの自己概念を変化させるリーダーシップのあり方を示した。
著者
高口 央 坂田 桐子 黒川 正流
出版者
日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会
雑誌
実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.1, pp.40-54, 2002
被引用文献数
1

本研究では, 集団間葛藤・協力の文脈からなる仮想世界ゲームを用いて, 複数のリーダーによるリーダーシップが, 集団にどのような影響を及ぼすのかを検討した。各集団における公的役割を持ったリーダーを公式リーダーとし, 集団内の1/3以上の成員から影響力があると評価された人物を非公式リーダーとした。両リーダーのリーダーシップ発揮形態に基づき, 全集団を次に挙げる2つの基準で5つに分類した。分類の基準は, a非公式リーダーの有無, bリーダーシップ行動 (P機能と集団内M機能, 及び集団間M機能が統合された形 (PMM) で発揮されているか) であった。この分担形態を用いて, 集団へのアイデンティティ, 個人資産について検討を行った。さらに, 本研究では, 集団間文脈において検討を行ったため, 特にリーダーシップの効果性指標として, 他集団からの評価, 集団間関係の認知を採用し, それらについても検討を行った。その結果, 複数のリーダーによってリーダーシップが完全な形で発揮された分担統合型の集団が, もっとも望ましい状態にあることが示された。よって, 集団間状況においては, 複数リーダーによるリーダーシップの発揮がより効果的であることが示唆された。
著者
神薗 紀幸 黒川 正流 坂田 桐子
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
Memoirs of the Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University. IV, Science reports : studies of fundamental and environmental sciences (ISSN:13408364)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, pp.93-104, 1996-12-28

Through this research, we studied how love affairs affect the self identity and mental health of young people. We classified 109 male and 193 female undergraduate students into people in love and people not in love based on questionnaires completed by the students. As a results of comparing both groups, those who were in love reported high self-esteem, fullness scores and low depression scores in comparison with those who not in love. Those who were in love continuously tended to mark high brightness, friendliness, honesty, sensitivity, and the opposite sex role scores in comparison with those who were not in love. We discussed about the characteristics of young people in progress of personal relationships.
著者
高口 央 坂田 桐子 藤本 光平
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.3, pp.245-257, 2007
被引用文献数
1

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a situation moderates the effects on group members of leadership and prototypicality. Prototypicality is a concept defined as recognition of the standpoint between individuals who reflect the meta contrast ratio of an ingroup and outgroup, and this prototypicality relates to an evaluation of the leader's effectiveness by the group members (e.g., Hains et al, 1997). In this article, we examined whether a leaders' prototypicality strongly influences group activity. In study 1, we conducted an investigation on 205 members of 18 groups of university students. The results showed that prototypicality increased group morale when the activity was a competition with an outgroup. In study 2, group members' judgment relative to the instructions of the leader was examined using the scenario assumption method. Results revealed that only in a situation of conflict with an outgroup did the leaders' prototypicality become the group members' judgment standard. The two studies suggest that a leader's prototypicality influences group members only when there is clear conflict with an outgroup.
著者
坂田 桐子 林 光緒
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
Memoirs of the Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University. IV, Science reports : studies of fundamental and environmental sciences (ISSN:13408364)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, pp.151-160, 1999-12-28

We examined the prevalence of paranormal beliefs that kanashibari was a kind of the psychic phenomenon, and the extent into which the beliefs changed by the education based on scientific knowledge. One hundred and sixty university students who attended 'Biological Psychology' and 186 university students who attended 'Psychology' answered questionnaires at the 1st class and the last class. Scientific findings concerning the kanashibari phenomenon were lectured in 'Biological Psychology', and such a lecture was not done in 'Psychology'. Those who answered 'the psychic has affected kanashibari' were 57.2 0n the first investigation, Though the scientific lecture concerning kanashibari did not have the effect to reduce the 'kanashibari is psychic phenomenon' belief, that had the effect to make students recognize the necessity of scientific studies about kanashibari. As for some of students of the liberal arts, reactance was caused by auditing the scientific lecture, and their attitudes had changed into the direction where paranormal beliefs about kanashibari are reinforced.
著者
岩永 誠 坂田 桐子
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
Memoirs of the Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University. IV, Science reports : studies of fundamental and environmental sciences (ISSN:13408364)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, pp.75-85, 1998-12-28

In 1990s, concerns to paranormal phenomena are mentioned to be greater among young Japanese people, which phenomena were new types of religion, supernatural powers, an afterlife, a personality stereotype by blood-typing, and ghost stories at school by comics and films. The present study aimed to investigate interests and paranormal beliefs and the effects of personal factors on the paranormal beliefs, using 321 undergraduates. Degrees of interest and belief concerning to 10 supernatural phenomena were lower than those in the previous studies. From the results of multiple regression analysis, affecting factors were different among four types of paranormal phenomena. Beliefs in existences of ghost and reincarnation and superstition were mainly affected by external attribution such as fate, fortune, and anti-scientism. On the other hand, level of anxiety affected only beliefs in existences of undefined creatures and cultures. Time perspective, however, affected none of supernatural phenomena.