8 0 0 0 ジンクス

著者
松村 正巳
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.236, 2003-11-30

私が研修医の頃,当直するたびに重症の患者さんが搬送され,上級医から「おまえは,よくつく奴だ」と,言われた覚えがあります.看護師さんからは,「お祓いでも受けたらいいんじゃないの」と言われる始末でした.このコラムをお読みの方のなかにも,同じような経験のある方はいらっしゃいませんか? どの病院にも,患者さんを呼び込む医療スタッフがいるものです.当直中に,重症の患者さんが来院されなければ,ホッとする反面,研修にならず難しいところです. さて,このような,“つく”,“つかない”といった科学的な根拠がないと思われることについても,研究が行われることがあります.例えば,満月と救急患者の数などです.洋の東西を問わず,米国の医師たちも,いわゆるジンクスを気にするようです.Ahn A, et al:“We're jinxed”―Are residents' fears of being jinxed during an on-call day founded? Am J Med112:504,2002は,ちょっとおもしろい論文です.Dr. Ahnは,マサチューセッツ総合病院の医師です.これはシニアレジデントを対象に行われたrandomized controlled trialで,シニアレジデントをジンクス群 (n=33)と,非ジンクス群 (n=36)に分け,on-call dayの入院患者数,睡眠時間,主観的な仕事の困難度(1~5までのスケール)をon-call dayの終わりに報告させて,比較,検討しています.群分けはon-call dayの朝,“You will have a great call day”と書かれた紙が入っている封筒か,何も書いてない紙の入った封筒を選ばせています.もちろん,“You will have a great call day”と書かれた紙が入っている封筒を選んだレジデントは,ジンクス群です.そしてレジデントに対して“You will have a great call day”と,声に出して読み聞かせました.さて,結果や,いかに?
著者
松村 正巳
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.12, pp.2562-2567, 2017-12-10 (Released:2018-12-10)
参考文献数
9

診断とは,患者に起こっている現象を医学知識に照らし正確に解釈する作業である.我々は,問診,診察からの情報をもとに鑑別診断を挙げ,診断を確定する.このプロセスでは,主に2つのプロセス,パターン認識と分析的推論を使い分けている.正しい診断を行うためには,実践を積み,それをフィードバックし,理論的知識・実践知を系統立てて整理していくことが必要である.
著者
松村 正三
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地震学会
雑誌
地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.1, pp.85-88, 1996-05-24 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
1
著者
今給黎 哲郎 大瀧 茂 熊木 洋太 畑中 雄樹 松村 正一 村上 亮 山際 敦史
出版者
日本測地学会
雑誌
測地学会誌 (ISSN:00380830)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.2, pp.53-65, 2004-06-25 (Released:2010-09-07)
参考文献数
48
被引用文献数
2

GEONET (GPS Earth Observation Network System), which is a nationwide GPS array and data analysis system of the Geographical Survey Institute, started in 1994. Since then, it has been expanded and improved to monitor crustal deformation of Japanese islands quickly and accurately. Today, it is the densest GPS observation network in the world with 1, 200 GPSbased control stations and some other stations. GEONET has contributed its continuous data to various fields of earth science. In seismo tectonics study, it provided the features of coseismic crustal deformation as well as the steady state crustal deformations by plate motion. Five interplate slow slip events were also found by GEONET and has been playing important role to the recent plate coupling studies. In volcanological study, it provided the sequence of magma activity utilized for the estimation of eruption. GEONET also provided a new measure to detect ionospheric and meteorological signals and have been contributing to atmospheric science. The observed 1 Hz data of almost all stations are now provided to commercial users for positioning services in real time. GEONET is becoming a kind of infrastructure of the locationbased information society. The major present research subjects are improvement of the detectability, development of real-time analysis of crustal deformation, etc. It is also important for the future use of GEONET to maintain observation circumstances properly and to be adapted to the GPS modernization and new GNSSs.
著者
松村 正三
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地震学会
雑誌
地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.1, pp.55-65, 2005-06-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
2 1

Peculiar seismic activities are occurring beneath Lake Hamana inside the subducted Philippine Sea slab at depths of about 30km. They consist of three spindle-shaped earthquake clusters with NW-SE axes, in a left-stepping alignment in the EW direction, with several kilometers between them. Illustrations of the focal mechanisms indicate that they act like an open crack under NW-SE compression and NE-SW tension and are caused by a right-lateral shear force acting on the Philippine Sea slab. A stress pattern simulation model suggests the following explanation of the situation. A localized locked zone is positioned on the plate boundary just north of the clusters. Separated from the main locked zone, it is considered to be one of the satellite asperities surrounding the main one. The main locked zone is located eastward from Lake Hamana and is expected to become the seismogenic zone of the forthcoming Tokai earthquake. These clusters have demonstrated a remarkable decrease in activity since the second half of the year 2000. An anomalous tectonic movement detected by GPS measurements occurred almost simultaneously. This indicates that a slow slip event progressed on the plate boundary beneath Lake Hamana; that is, the locking must be released there. Since the current change in seismic activity corresponds with this movement, it can be attributed to tectonic stress change due to the slow slip. We estimate that at least three similar periods of quiescence have occurred during the last quarter century. Tidal gauge findings at Maisaka and the crustal tilt at Mikkabi, both of which were observed near Lake Hamana, have indicated almost simultaneous occurrences of similar anomalies. As a result, three episodes of slow slip were identified: the first occurred before 1980, the second around 1990, and the last has been ongoing since late 2000. This implies that the slow slip repeats quasi-periodically with an interval of about one decade. We consider that the locked zone beneath Lake Hamana is a small asperity with a potential of slowly and intermittently slipping due to a weak coupling condition in an area sandwiched between two seismogenic zones of the Tokai and Tonankai megathrust earthquakes.
著者
松村 正清
出版者
公益社団法人 応用物理学会
雑誌
応用物理 (ISSN:03698009)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.8, pp.841-848, 1996-08-10 (Released:2009-02-05)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
1

薄膜トランジスタ (TFT: Thin-Film Translsto) は長い歴史を持ってはいるが,その有用性が広く認められたのはこく最近である.この急速に重要性を増しているTFTについて,その生まれと育ち,未来展望,動作原理,構造と種類などを概説する.
著者
菖蒲 信一郎 御厨 初子 山口 純一郎 松崎 正文 松村 正哉
出版者
日本応用動物昆虫学会
雑誌
日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.3, pp.135-143, 2002 (Released:2003-04-25)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
14 18

Fluctuations in the wing-form ratio of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, were examined by collecting fifth-instar nymphs from rice fields. Two peaks of brachypterous females were observed at 40–50 days after transplanting (DAT) and 75–85 DAT (5 days before heading–10 days after heading). After 75–85 DAT, the percentage of brachypterous females decreased with an increase in BPH density. However, the BPH density was still low after 40–50 DAT when the first decrease in the percentage of brachypterous females occurred. Thus, not only population density of BPH, but also the rice plant stage seems to affect the fluctuations in female wing-form ratio. The SPAD readings of rice leaf, which are associated with leaf nitrogen content, fluctuated with rice plant stage and showed two peaks at 30–50 DAT and 65–80 DAT. The fluctuation pattern of the SPAD readings was similar to that of the percentage of brachypterous females. This suggests that the percentage of brachypterous females fluctuated in accordance with a decrease in nitrogen content of rice plants.
著者
松村 正三
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地震学会
雑誌
地震. 2輯 (ISSN:00371114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.1, pp.85-88, 1996-05-24
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
3
著者
原田 健久 松村 正一
出版者
日本測地学会
雑誌
測地学会誌
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.1-10, 1989

A rigorous program of adjustment for any geodetic network must have a useful file of geoidal heights in its own to adjust strictly observations by GPS for space vectors. The program, by which geoidal heights can be automatically computed without missing its fine undualtion at every point where vertical deflection is observed, was newly added to the Universal Program of geodetic net-adjustment. The conventional method to find geoidal heights successively along routes linking neighboring vertical deflection points seems not elegant mathematically, because selections of routes are too arbitrary. It ishighly mathematical to find out geoidal heights at all vertical deflection points badjusting simultaneously all observation equations of vertical deflections which are ex pressed as the function of their geoidal heights. Although it seems geophysically reason able that geoidal heights are expressed by a curved surface with the mathematical formula written by coordinates on the surface of the earth, we are afraid that it might miss local fine undulation of geoid. In order to adjust rigorously geodetic network including GPS-observations, it is desirable that every vertical deflection point has its more reliable geoidal height. Vertical deflection at a point is decided by a local shape of the geoid around it. Then we think a new method as follows : Q We make a local geoid by using geoidal heights (rough height+small unknown correction) at several vertical deflection points inside a circle drawn around a vertical deflection point. Q2 We make both observation equations for I(north-south component) and (east-west component) of vertical deflection at thecentral point by considering the difference between geodetic longitude (latitude) and computed astronomical longitude (latitude) to be the direction of normal to the local geoid through the point. (3) We can find better geoidal heights at all vertical deflection points by solving simultaneously all observation equations by means of the method of least squares. How to derive a local geoid mathematically is the most important problem in abovementioned method. A curved surface with higher order terms requests many surrounding points. Reliability of local geoid made by using remote points deteriorates. Vertical deflection points are distributed locally in remarkable high and low densities. We adopted the following sophisticated way with much freedom after considering those peculiarities above.
著者
村上 幸生 香村 亜希子 岡田 知之 川田 朗史 松村 正晃 丸山 直美 大井 優一 田村 靖子 町野 守 片山 直
出版者
日本口腔診断学会
雑誌
日本口腔診断学会雑誌 (ISSN:09149694)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.1, pp.28-31, 2017-02-20 (Released:2017-05-23)
参考文献数
26

Oral lichen planus is an intractable chronic inflammatory lesion with dyskeratosis, appearing more commonly on the buccal mucosa. Here we describe a case of oral lichen planus starting on the bilateral buccal mucosa in a 70-year-old female patient that showed great improvement. The patient's condition gradually improved after treatment with cepharanthin, an alkaloid agent extracted from Stephania cepharantha Hayata. A review of some additional literature pertaining to probable mechanisms of action is included.
著者
松村 正三
出版者
科学技術政策研究所 科学技術動向研究センター
雑誌
科学技術動向 (ISSN:13493663)
巻号頁・発行日
no.091, pp.25-39, 2008-10-01 (Released:2013-06-12)