著者
渡邊 寛 城間 益里
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.3, pp.162-175, 2019-03-31 (Released:2019-03-31)
参考文献数
56

There has been an increase in the number of Japanese people who disagree with traditional gender roles which has resulted in diversified male roles. Based on a nine-male-roles model, this study examined the chronological changes and differences in male characters as per their ages and relationships with the heroine in NHK’s morning drama serials known as “asadora,” which is a Japanese TV drama. Results indicated that the roles of middle-aged men evolved from “high communion” in the ’60s and ’70s, to “high social status” in the ’80s and ’90s, to “commitment to household responsibility” in the ’00s and ’10s. Meanwhile, young men’s roles evolved from “high agency” in the ’90s to “attentiveness to women” in the ’10s. Additionally, the heroines’ husbands, ex-husbands, male friends, and romantic partners demonstrated “low effeminacy,” “superiority to women,” and “attentiveness to women.” Conversely, the heroines’ brothers, sons, and neighbors demonstrated “psychological and physical strength” and “emancipation from emotional restriction and toughness.” Based on social changes in Japan, implications of this study and future prospects were discussed.
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.90.17061, (Released:2019-02-28)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
2 2

News reports and critical reviews of the 2010s have repeatedly reported that men are bound by traditional male roles at work. This study examined the kind of organizational factors that facilitate male roles expectations by men's supervisors and how these expectations impact their emotions and mental health in the workplace. The results show that these expectations existed in workplace environments that foster strong machoism and male dominance and a less inclusive work environment. Results further show that regardless of male roles attitudes, when supervisors required men to be manly, it decreased positive emotions felt about the job, and increased the levels of distrust felt toward their boss and discomfort within their workplace, which exacerbated their mental health. This research promotes the integrated understanding of gender harassment and organizational research and discusses prospects for future studies.
著者
仲嶺 真 渡邊 寛
出版者
日本パーソナリティ心理学会
雑誌
パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.3, pp.303-305, 2018-03-01 (Released:2018-03-06)
参考文献数
10

The present study examined the relationship between sociosexuality and mating concerns. Sixteen female undergraduates and fourteen male undergraduates participated in the experiment. Participants passed through the right side of an opposite-sex confederate and entered a laboratory. They were asked to answer questions pertaining to sociosexuality and interest in the confederate. The results showed that the relationship between sociosexuality and interest in the confederate was significant among men; no such relationship emerged among women. For unrestricted men, mating may be an important concern in social life.
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.2, pp.117-139, 2017 (Released:2018-10-20)
参考文献数
89

Today, it is assumed that men are expected to fulfill not only traditional male roles (e.g., breadwinner) but also new less traditional roles (e.g., household chores). However, the tasks involved in constructs of these new male roles are unclear. This article focused not only on traditional male roles but also on new ones, and it tried to organize them by analyzing previous research in order to define each task and the new theoretical framework of male roles. Traditional male roles, which have been researched in depth abroad, were organized by five concepts: high social status; psychological and physical strength; high agency; low effeminacy; and superiority to women. New male roles, which have become more known recently, were organized by four concepts: commitment to household responsibility; emancipation from emotional restriction and need for toughness; high communion; and attentiveness to women. Based on these categories, I proposed four domains for comprehensive male roles: family; psychological and physical strength; being a desirable person; and behavior toward women. From these, I discussed the future issues that research on male roles should address.
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
日本パーソナリティ心理学会
雑誌
パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.1, pp.28-41, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-06)
参考文献数
49

本研究では,現代の男子大学生を対象に,以下2点を検討した。第1に,男子大学生が認知する親の男性役割期待の実態を検討した。その結果,男子大学生は,父親の伝統的な男性役割期待をあまり感じず,父母の新しい男性役割期待を強く感じていた。第2に,親の属性(学歴と就労状況)や親の男性役割期待認知が,男子大学生の男性役割態度に与える影響を検討した。その結果,学歴や働き方は父親の影響が強く,男性役割期待は母親の影響が強かった。これらの結果から,男子大学生は,父親の働き方や生き方を手本とする一方で,母親からの期待の影響を直接受けていると示唆された。これらの結果を踏まえて,本研究の意義と今後の課題が議論された。
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.88.16231, (Released:2017-09-30)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
5 2

In many foreign studies, traditional male roles are measured through multiple constructs. However, these constructs are not organized, and the reliability and validity of these scales have not been verified in Japan. This study sought to rearrange the constructs of traditional male roles, develop a scale to match these constructs, and verify its reliability and validity. Based on existing measures, traditional male roles are composed of five factors: high social status; physical and psychological toughness; high agency; low effeminacy; and superiority over women. In Study 1, by using data obtained from 316 undergraduate students, I chose four items for each of the five factors by using confirmatory factor analysis and a scale for attitudes regarding the traditional Japanese male roles was developed. Study 2 verified the scale’s criterion-related validity using data obtained from 361 undergraduate students. T-test showed that men scored higher than women for all factors, implying that men are still bound to traditional male roles. Lastly, Study 3 validated its time-stability. Together, these results indicate that the scale is reliable and valid.
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.88.16210, (Released:2017-03-10)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
3

Recently, with gender equality advancing within society, men are increasingly being expected to undertake other, non-traditional, roles. The aim of this study was to develop the new male roles scale, and examine its reliability and validity. Study 1 showed that the new male roles scale consisted following four factors; Attentiveness to Women, Commitment to Household Responsibility, Consideration for Others, and Emancipation from Emotional Restriction and Toughness. In study 2, four items for each factor were chosen and goodness of fit of this scale was confirmed. Furthermore, the result revealed that this scale had certain validity. Study3 showed that this scale had time stability, except for Commitment to Household Responsibility. However, its internal reliability was confirmed in study 2. These results suggest that this scale has certain reliability and validity. Finally, the relationship between this scale and previous researches was discussed.
著者
橘 雅明 伊藤 一幸 渡邊 寛明 中山 壮一 山口 裕文
出版者
日本雑草学会
雑誌
雑草研究 (ISSN:0372798X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.4, pp.175-184, 2008 (Released:2009-01-24)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
3 2

東北地域の転作コムギ畑で問題となっているハルザキヤマガラシ(Barbarea vulgaris R.Br.),カミツレモドキ(Anthemis cotula L.)および侵入が危惧されるイヌカミツレ(Matricaria inodora L.)の防除法を策定するために,出芽を中心にこれらの生活史を調査し,除草剤と中耕による管理について検討した。カミツレモドキは,青森県の秋播きコムギ畑では,主に秋季に出芽する越冬個体が雑草害の原因となっていた。カミツレモドキは春季と秋季の年2回種子より出芽していた。コムギ畑に発生したハルザキヤマガラシ,カミツレモドキおよびイヌカミツレの帰化雑草3草種に対しては,播種直後のリニュロン水和剤土壌処理,秋季の出芽終期にあたる11月上旬のアイオキシニル乳剤処理,5月上旬の条間中耕またはアイオキシニル乳剤処理に高い除草効果がみられた。上記の3つの除草管理時期のうち,いずれか2つの時期に適切な除草管理を実施すれば各草種の収穫期乾物重は無除草区の4%以下となり,帰化雑草3草種のいずれでも防除できる。カミツレモドキとイヌカミツレについてはチフェンスルフロンメチル水和剤による茎葉処理でも高い除草効果がみられた。
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.2, pp.117-139, 2017

<p>Today, it is assumed that men are expected to fulfill not only traditional male roles (e.g., breadwinner) but also new less traditional roles (e.g., household chores). However, the tasks involved in constructs of these new male roles are unclear. This article focused not only on traditional male roles but also on new ones, and it tried to organize them by analyzing previous research in order to define each task and the new theoretical framework of male roles. Traditional male roles, which have been researched in depth abroad, were organized by five concepts: high social status; psychological and physical strength; high agency; low effeminacy; and superiority to women. New male roles, which have become more known recently, were organized by four concepts: commitment to household responsibility; emancipation from emotional restriction and need for toughness; high communion; and attentiveness to women. Based on these categories, I proposed four domains for comprehensive male roles: family; psychological and physical strength; being a desirable person; and behavior toward women. From these, I discussed the future issues that research on male roles should address.</p>
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.3, pp.251-259, 2017
被引用文献数
3

<p>Recently, with gender equality advancing within society, men are increasingly being expected to undertake other, non-traditional, roles. The aim of this study was to develop the new male roles scale, and examine its reliability and validity. Study 1 showed that the new male roles scale consisted following four factors; Attentiveness to Women, Commitment to Household Responsibility, Consideration for Others, and Emancipation from Emotional Restriction and Toughness. In study 2, four items for each factor were chosen and goodness of fit of this scale was confirmed. Furthermore, the result revealed that this scale had certain validity. Study3 showed that this scale had time stability, except for Commitment to Household Responsibility. However, its internal reliability was confirmed in study 2. These results suggest that this scale has certain reliability and validity. Finally, the relationship between this scale and previous researches was discussed.</p>
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.5, pp.488-498, 2017
被引用文献数
2

<p>In many foreign studies, traditional male roles are measured through multiple constructs. However, these constructs are not organized, and the reliability and validity of these scales have not been verified in Japan. This study sought to rearrange the constructs of traditional male roles, develop a scale to match these constructs, and verify its reliability and validity. Based on existing measures, traditional male roles are composed of five factors: high social status; physical and psychological toughness; high agency; low effeminacy; and superiority over women. In Study 1, by using data obtained from 316 undergraduate students, I chose four items for each of the five factors by using confirmatory factor analysis and a scale for attitudes regarding the traditional Japanese male roles was developed. Study 2 verified the scale's criterion-related validity using data obtained from 361 undergraduate students. T-test showed that men scored higher than women for all factors, implying that men are still bound to traditional male roles. Lastly, Study 3 validated its time-stability. Together, these results indicate that the scale is reliable and valid.</p>
著者
橘 雅明 渡邊 寛明 伊藤 一幸
出版者
日本雑草学会
雑誌
雑草研究 (ISSN:0372798X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.4, pp.235-241, 2002
被引用文献数
3

ヨーロッパ原産の帰化雑草ハルザキヤマガラシ (<i>Barbarea vulgaris</i> R. Br.) の東北地域における発生実態について, 農業改良普及センターを対象としたアンケート調査および観察調査を実施した。1993年と1996年のアンケート調査では, 東北全県からあわせて29件の発生確認の回答があった。2001年に実施した観察調査においても全ての県で発生が確認されたことから, 東北地域において本種が広く分布し, 定着していることが明らかとなった。特に発生数の多い地域は, 青森平野, 秋田県横手盆地, 岩手県北上盆地, 雫石盆地, 遠野盆地であった。<br>ハルザキヤマガラシの発生が多かった秋田県横手盆地の仙北地域では, 1994年と比べて2001年には高密度で発生している地点数は減少したが, 発生地点数は増加し, 分布は拡大していた。ハルザキヤマガラシの種子は2年間の水中貯蔵後も3割程度が生存し, 発芽力を有することが明らかとなった。また, 河川周辺および用排水路周辺の水田畦畔・道路端に発生が多く, 河川の中州や用水整備などで畦畔に上げられた用排水路の底土において発生が確認された。これらのことから, 河川や用排水路がハルザキヤマガラシの拡散経路の一つであると考えられた。
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
2019
被引用文献数
2

<p>News reports and critical reviews of the 2010s have repeatedly reported that men are bound by traditional male roles at work. This study examined the kind of organizational factors that facilitate male roles expectations by men's supervisors and how these expectations impact their emotions and mental health in the workplace. The results show that these expectations existed in workplace environments that foster strong machoism and male dominance and a less inclusive work environment. Results further show that regardless of male roles attitudes, when supervisors required men to be manly, it decreased positive emotions felt about the job, and increased the levels of distrust felt toward their boss and discomfort within their workplace, which exacerbated their mental health. This research promotes the integrated understanding of gender harassment and organizational research and discusses prospects for future studies.</p>
著者
古原 洋 内野 彰 渡邊 寛明
出版者
日本雑草学会
雑誌
雑草研究 (ISSN:0372798X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.3, pp.175-184, 2001-09-28
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
7

要約:北海道および東北で採取されたスルホニルウレア系除草剤抵抗性イヌホタルイ(Scirpus jun-coides Roxb.var.ohwianus T.Koyama)8集団および感受性6集団の1998年産種子を供試し,15℃および30℃の温度条件,湛水土壌および密栓水中条件下での発芽について検討した。その結果,15℃湛水土壌の低温条件下で,抵抗性イヌホタルイの多くは感受性イヌホタルイよりも発芽率が高く,発芽速度も速やかであった。上記供試イヌホタルイのうち,抵抗性3集団および感受性1集団について,1999年産種子を用いて再試験を実施したところ,1998年産種子と同様の結果が得られたことから,種子の発芽にみられる集団間差異は遺伝的な差異と考えられた。抵抗性および感受性イヌホタルイが混生する現地水田において,発生時期毎にイヌホタルイ実生の抵抗性検定を行った結果,抵抗性個体の発生が感受性個体よりも速やかであり,移植後10日までに大部分の個体が発生を終えていることが明らかとなった。代かき後の雑草発生時期が低温で推移する北海道においては,低温発芽性に優れる抵抗性イヌホタルイの発生は,感受性イヌホタルイよりも速やかである場合が多いと予想される。したがって,抵抗性イヌホタルイ発生水田では,除草剤の処理時期を逸しないように,水稲移植直後より注意深くその発生を観察することが重要であると示唆された。
著者
橘 雅明 伊藤 一幸 渡邊 寛明 中山 壮一 山口 裕文
出版者
日本雑草学会
雑誌
雑草研究 (ISSN:0372798X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.4, pp.175-184, 2008-12-24
被引用文献数
2

東北地域の転作コムギ畑で問題となっているハルザキヤマガラシ(Barbarea vulgaris R.Br.),カミツレモドキ(Anthemis cotula L.)および侵入が危惧されるイヌカミツレ(Matricaria inodora L.)の防除法を策定するために,出芽を中心にこれらの生活史を調査し,除草剤と中耕による管理について検討した。カミツレモドキは,青森県の秋播きコムギ畑では,主に秋季に出芽する越冬個体が雑草害の原因となっていた。カミツレモドキは春季と秋季の年2回種子より出芽していた。コムギ畑に発生したハルザキヤマガラシ,カミツレモドキおよびイヌカミツレの帰化雑草3草種に対しては,播種直後のリニュロン水和剤土壌処理,秋季の出芽終期にあたる11月上旬のアイオキシニル乳剤処理,5月上旬の条間中耕またはアイオキシニル乳剤処理に高い除草効果がみられた。上記の3つの除草管理時期のうち,いずれか2つの時期に適切な除草管理を実施すれば各草種の収穫期乾物重は無除草区の4%以下となり,帰化雑草3草種のいずれでも防除できる。カミツレモドキとイヌカミツレについてはチフェンスルフロンメチル水和剤による茎葉処理でも高い除草効果がみられた。
著者
渡邊 寛
出版者
日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.3, pp.251-259, 2017-08
著者
渡邊 寛二
出版者
日本教育情報学会
雑誌
年会論文集
巻号頁・発行日
no.18, pp.260-263, 2002-08-31

4年間にわたって問題解決演習のための教材開発とその実践を重ね、昨年「問題解決演習ワークブック」として出版した。それを教科書として、問題解決演習を実施した。演習最後の問題解決の評価結果から、問題解決の「満足度」や「解決の度合い」では、「大変高い」あるいは「高い」と答えたものが80%以上であった。また「解決した結果として何が期待されるか」の問について、「社会人になって役立つ」、あるいは「問題解決の能力が向上した」と答えている。これらのことから、「問題解決演習ワークブック」を使った演習が十分その目的を果たしていることが確認できた。