著者

Lucia S. Yoshida Tomie Kawada Kaoru Irie Yasukatsu Yuda Toshiyuki Himi Fumihiko Ikemoto Hiromi Takano-Ohmuro

出版者

The Japanese Pharmacological Society

雑誌

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (ISSN:13478613)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.3, pp.343-351, 2010 (Released:2010-03-19)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

16 23

---

Recently, an isomeric mixture of herbal anti-inflammatory naphthoquinones shikonin and alkannin, and their derivatives, have been found to impair cellular responses involving nitric oxide (NO) and NO synthesis, like the acetylcholine-induced relaxation response of rat thoracic aorta and NO release from murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. However, the mechanisms of such effects, including whether NO synthase (NOS) activity is affected, remained unclear. We herein investigate possible targets of shikonin in these NOS-related events. Shikonin by itself dose-dependently inhibited the rat thoracic aorta relaxation in response to acetylcholine (pD′2 value: 6.29). Its optical enantiomer, alkannin, was equally inhibitory in the aorta relaxation–response assay. In RAW 264.7 cells, shikonin inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production by 82% at 1 μM. A cell-free assay to verify direct effects on NOS activity showed that shikonin inhibits all isoforms of NOS (IC50s, 4 – 7 μM), suggesting NOS as an inhibition target in both the events. Further possible targets of shikonin that might be involved in the inhibitions of the acetylcholine-induced aorta relaxation response and the NO generation by RAW 264.7 cells are also discussed. It is shown for the first time that shikonin inhibits NOS activity.

著者

李 光華 Guang-hua LI

出版者

創価大学日本語日本文学会

雑誌

日本語日本文学 (ISSN:09171762)

巻号頁・発行日

no.21, pp.69-82, 2011-03-20

著者

Geng-Ruei Chang Yi-Shin Chiu Ying-Ying Wu Wen-Ying Chen Jiunn-Wang Liao Te-Hsin Chao Frank Chiahung Mao

出版者

The Japanese Pharmacological Society

雑誌

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (ISSN:13478613)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.4, pp.496-503, 2009 (Released:2009-04-17)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

105 122

---

Rapamycin (RAPA), an immunosuprpressive drug used extensively to prevent graft rejection in transplant patients, has been reported to inhibit adipogenesis in vitro. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of RAPA in C57BL/6J mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). Mice treated with RAPA (2 mg/kg per week for 16 weeks) had reduced body weight and epididymal fat pads/body weight, reduced daily food efficiency, and lower serum leptin and insulin levels compared with the HFD control mice. However, RAPA-treated mice were hyperphagic, demonstrating an increase in food intake. Dissection of RAPA-treated mice revealed a marked reduction in fatty liver scores, average fat cell size, and percentage of large adipocytes of retroperitoneal and epididymal white adipose tissue (RWAT and EWAT), compared to the HFD control mice. These results suggest that RAPA prevented the effect of the high-fat diet on the rate of accretion in body weight via reducing lipid accumulation, despite greater food intake. It is likely that RAPA may serve as a potential strategy for body weight control and/or anti-obesity therapy.

著者

Sherif A. Sakr Tarek M. Abbas Maged Z. Amer Eid M. Dawood Nader El-Shahat Ibraheim A. Abdel Aal Mahmoud M. Ramadan

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.407-419, 2009 (Released:2009-07-16)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

14 18

---

Microvascular angina is a condition characterized by angina-like chest pain and normal coronary angiography. Endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation with elevated serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels play a role in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to explore the possible relation between CRP, brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and microvascular angina.We included 21 patients with attacks of chest pain diagnosed as microvascular angina (study group) and 10 normal asymptomatic subjects (control group). Patients and controls were thoroughly examined clinically and by echocardiography, electrocardiography, and brachial FMD (using external brachial ultrasonography). Serum hsCRP and uric acid levels were assessed in all subjects.A significantly higher mean hsCRP level was found in the study group compared to controls (11.5 ± 3.8 versus 3.34 ± 1.5 mg/L; P < 0.001). FMD of the brachial artery showed significant impairment in patients with microvascular angina compared to controls (0.16 ± 0.06 versus 0.76 ± 0.09 mm; P < 0.001). There were significantly higher total cholesterol (196.1 ± 44.4 versus 159.8 ± 14.5 mg/dL; P = 0.018) and triglyceride levels (185.0 ± 103.2 versus 113.0 ± 17.6 mg/dL; P = 0.038) in the patients compared to controls; but there was a statistically insignificant difference in mean serum uric acid levels between these two groups. There were no significant correlations between the brachial FMD and any of the clinical variables studied (apart from ankle/brachial index). Microvascular angina may have an inflammatory element (reflected as a higher serum hsCRP level), together with a contribution by endothelial dysfunction (reflected as impaired brachial artery FMD); while serum uric acid is possibly not associated with microvascular angina.

著者

Yuta Takamura Ken-ichi Morishita Shota Kikuzawa Masaki Watanabe Hiroki Kakuta

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.146-154, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

---

Small-molecular drugs, which are generally inexpensive compared with biopharmaceuticals and can often be taken orally, may contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations. We previously reported the retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist 4-(ethyl(3-isobutoxy-4-isopropylphenyl)amino)benzoic acid (NEt-3IB, 1) as a small-molecular drug candidate to replace biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The previous synthetic method to 1 required a large amount of organic solvent and extensive purification. In line with the SDGs, we aimed to develop an environmentally friendly, inexpensive method for the large-scale synthesis of 1. The developed method requires only a hydrophobic ether and EtOH as reaction and extraction solvents. The product was purified by recrystallization twice to afford 99% pure 1 at 100 mmol scale in about 30% yield. The optimized process showed a 35-fold improvement of the E-factor (an index of environmental impact) compared to the original method. This work, which changes the solvent used to environmentally preferable ones based on the existing synthetic method for 1, illustrates how synthetic methods for small-molecular drugs can be adapted and improved to contribute to the SDGs.

著者

戸ヶ里 泰典 橋爪 洋美 関根 紀子 波田野 茂幸 安藤 優樹 Taisuke TOGARI Hiromi HASHIZUME Noriko ICHINOSEKI-SEKINE Shigeyuki HATANO Yuki ANDO

出版者

放送大学

雑誌

放送大学研究年報 = Journal of The Open University of Japan (ISSN:09114505)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.1-6, 2022-03-25

---

目的:近年では医学系学会の学術誌においては、論文投稿にあたり研究倫理委員会の承認を条件としているケースが多い。本研究は、日本国内の学協会のうち人文・社会科学系分野に登録されている団体の機関誌における研究倫理に関する配慮規定、および、研究倫理審査の承認を投稿条件としているのかを明らかにすることを目的とする。方法:2021年度前半期(4月から9月)に日本学術会議等が作成する学会名鑑に登録学会のうち、哲学・史学を除く人文・社会科学分野、および境界領域でもある環境学・情報学・総合工学の各領域を関連分野として登録している1117団体を抽出した。このうち機関誌に関する情報公開をしている1076団体を分析対象とした。結果:研究対象者の権利保護に関する倫理について言及していた学会は153団体(14.2%)であった。分野別に検討した場合心理・教育系は96団体で、分野全体の36.1%の団体が記載していたが、他の領域では分野全体の10%に満たなかった。研究倫理指針や綱領のうち、人を対象とする(生命科学・)医学系研究に関する倫理指針を挙げていた学会は39団体(3.6%)で、学会独自の倫理指針・綱領を挙げていた学会は111団体(10.3%)であった。学会独自の倫理指針は心理・教育系で多く、系全体の25.9%である69団体が該当した。投稿にあたり研究倫理委員会の承認を必須としている学会は42団体(3.9%)であった。これも心理・教育系で多く 分野全体の7.5%になる20団体であった。他分野ではそれぞれの分野全体の2.0~ 4.3%にとどまった。結論:学際領域の学会では医学系研究倫理指針に基づいた対応が行われている傾向があるが、医学系以外の行動科学系の学会でも国際的な動きと連動して人を対象とする研究倫理対応を強化している可能性がある。研究倫理委員会のニーズが高まっているとともに、審査が研究の枷とならず礎となるようなシステムを模索することも必要だろう。

著者

Minami SASAKI Seiichiro HIRONO Yue GAO Izumi SUDA Tomoo MATSUTANI Masayuki OTA Takashi KISHIMOTO Jun-Ichiro IKEDA Hideaki YOKOO Yasuo IWADATE

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.101-109, 2022-12-31 (Released:2022-05-18)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

---

Intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumors (IMMTs) with EWSR1-CREB1 family gene fusion are rare brain neoplasms characterized by gene fusion between the EWSR1 gene and one of the cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) family transcription factor (CREB1, ATF1, or CREM) genes. Although half of reported cases are pediatric, the clinical, histologic, and genomic features of IMMTs with EWSR1 rearrangement in pediatric populations are not yet well clarified. Here we describe the case of a 7-year-old girl who presented with seizures due to an extra-axial tumor in the left parietal convexity. Gross total resection was achieved, and the tumor displayed a multilobular structure with solid hypercellular and myxoid hypocellular areas, separated by a variable amount of stroma. The hypercellular areas consisted of round to polygonal cells, whereas the myxoid areas were ovoid to spindled cells. Immunophenotypically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, and EMA. Next-generation sequencing of tumoral DNA revealed EWSR1-CREM gene fusion and a pathogenic mutation of MAP3K13. No recurrence was detected 9 months after resection, without chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In comparison to other pediatric and adult patients with EWSR1 rearrangement, many clinical, radiological, and immunohistochemical features were shared. However, signs of elevated intracranial pressure were more frequently observed, and postoperative radiation was less frequently administered for pediatric patients. Gross total resection (GTR) was the key prognostic factor for better disease control especially among pediatric patients. Further reports of cases with EWSR1 rearrangement with detailed genetic profiles are essential for clarifying the oncogenic pathway and establishing a standard treatment strategy.

著者

Kentaro Hosaka Kyung-Ok Nam Wah Wah Linn Mu Mu Aung

出版者

National Museum of Nature and Sciece (National Science Museum, Tokyo)

雑誌

国立科学博物館研究報告B類(植物学) (ISSN:18819060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.31-38, 2022-05-20 (Released:2022-05-20)

参考文献数

25

---

To clarify biogeographic patterns of two mushroom species (Phallus merulinus and Geastrum courtecuissei) previously reported from Myanmar, sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA were retrieved from GenBank. The BLAST search and phylogenetic analyses of Phallus indicated that P. merulinus and P. atrovolvatus from wide areas, including Australia, Myanmar, Thailand, Brazil, and French Guiana, cannot be distinguished molecularly. The species was, therefore, considered widespread across tropical to subtropical regions. In contrast, G. courtecuissei from Myanmar was tightly clustered exclusively with G. courtecuissei from Central and South America, supporting the idea of its disjunct distribution between Southeast Asia (Myanmar) and Central-South Americas.

著者

Saki Maeda-Otsuka Myangat Tselmeg Mijiddorj Ikko Kajihara Yuki Nishimura Hisashi Kanemaru Soichiro Sawamura Katsunari Makino Jun Aoi Shinichi Masuguchi Satoshi Fukushima

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022.01048, (Released:2022-02-19)

参考文献数

5

---

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare neoplasm derived from fibroblasts. Although the frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in skin cancer is reported to be less than 5%, there is only one report of the status of MMR in DFSP. The only analytical report of microsatellite stability in which Promega panel is not used, showed that the frequency of MSI-high, MSI-low and microsatellite stable (MSS) cases was 13.9% (5/36), 16.7% (6/36) and 69.4% (25/36), respectively. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of MMR in 36 patients with DFSP diagnosed at Kumamoto University. MSI analysis using the Promega panel showed that all cases were MSS, which indicated the absence of MSI in DFSP. This result indicates that the status of MMR may not be useful for the potential therapeutic application of pembrolizumab and the pathogenesis of DFSP may not involve MSI.

著者

WILLIAM L. PARKER WILLIAM H. KOSTER CHRISTOPHER M. CIMARUSTI DAVID M. FLOYD WEN-CHIH LIU MARLENE. RATHNUM

出版者

JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION

雑誌

The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.189-195, 1982 (Released:2006-04-12)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

23 16

---

A novel monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic SQ 26, 180 has been isolated from bacteria and the structure, (R)-3-acetylamino-3-methoxy-2-oxo-1-azetidinesulfonic acid was deduced from its spectroscopic properties. Structural confirmation and assignment of absolute configuration were made by synthesis from 6-aminopenicillanic acid.

著者

Hiroshi Azuma Rhett D. Harrison Keiko Nakamura Zhi-Hui Su

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.177-192, 2010 (Released:2010-10-27)

参考文献数

72

被引用文献数

12 14

---

The interaction between figs (Ficus, Moraceae) and fig-pollinating wasps (Chalcidoidea, Agaonidae) is one of the most specific mutualisms, and thus is a model system for studying coevolution and cospeciation. In this study we focused on figs and their associated fig-wasps found in the Ryukyu and Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands, Japan, because it has been suggested that breakdown in the specificity may occur in islands or at edge of a species’ distribution. We collected 136 samples of 15 native fig species and 95 samples of 13 associated fig-wasps from all major islands in the Ryukyu Islands, including two fig species and one fig-wasp species endemic to the Bonin Islands. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using plastid DNA and nuclear ITS sequences for the figs and nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial COI genes for the fig-wasps to investigate the interspecific phylogenies and intraspecific variation within the mutualism. Our phylogenetic analyses using multiple samples per species show the single clade of each fig (except the Bonin endemic species) and fig-pollinating wasp species. Fig species belonging to the same subgenera formed well-supported clades in both plastid and ITS trees, except for the subgenus Urostigma. Likewise, fig wasps emerging from host fig species belonging to the same subgenera formed mostly well supported clades in both 28S and COI trees. Host specificity between the figs and fig-wasps functions strictly in these islands. There was very little sequence variation within species, and that no major geographic structure was found. The two Bonin endemic species (F. boninsimae and F. nishimurae) or their common ancestor and the associated fig-wasps (Blastophaga sp.) are apparently derived from F. erecta and its associated fig-wasps (B. nipponica), respectively, and probably migrated from the Ryukyu Islands.

著者

Chie Sakanaka Ryoko Ihara Akiko Kishi Kenji Kirihara Gaku Oguri Mihoko Shibuya Kazushi Suzuki Keiko Ueda Yumi Umeda-Kameyama Mitsutaka Yakabe Tomohiro Haga Hidenori Yamasue

出版者

Japanese Pharmacological Society

雑誌

日本薬理学会年会要旨集 (ISSN:24354953)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OR6-3, 2018 (Released:2020-09-10)

被引用文献数

3 4

---

Background:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, mainly exhibit problems in social communication/interaction behaviors. ASD is shown to affect one out of 100 individuals, however, the cause and the established treatments on the core symptoms of ASD are unavailable. Recently, peptide hormone Oxytocin showed some promises in treating ASD core symptoms, and various clinical studies are currently underway. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of new formulation of intra-nasal Oxytocin in healthy Japanese male.Methods:In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase1 study, 5 cohorts of eight subjects received a single dose of intranasal TTA-121 at dose levels of 5, 10, 30, 100 and 200 U/ml or placebo and 3 cohorts of eight subjects received 30, 100 and 200 U/ml or placebo at repeated doses for 9 days. Safety assessments were conducted throughout the study.Results:Regarding safety, no serious adverse events were reported and no clinically significant findings were observed throughout the study. A linear relationship between plasma concentration of Oxytocin and administered dose of TTA-121 (5 to 200 U/ml) was observed. There was no drug accumulation after multiple doses of intra-nasal Oxytocin.Conclusions:TTA-121 was well tolerated and safe in Japanese healthy male subjects after administration of multiple doses up to 200U/ml, BID for 9 days.Trial Registration:UMIN000025922

著者

Masaru Sakurai Junji Kobayashi Yasuo Takeda Shin-Ya Nagasawa Junichi Yamakawa Junji Moriya Hiroshi Mabuchi Hideaki Nakagawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.8, pp.440-446, 2016-08-05 (Released:2016-08-05)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

14 20

---

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate relationships among abdominal obesity, metabolic abnormalities, and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in relatively lean Japanese men and women.Participants and methods: The participants included 8133 men and 15 934 women between 40 and 75 years of age recruited from the government health check-up center in Kanazawa City, Japan. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and high fasting plasma glucose levels were assessed according to the Japanese criteria for metabolic syndrome. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation for the Japanese population, and participants with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria were diagnosed with CKD.Results: Overall, 23% of males and 14% of females met criteria for CKD. Having more numerous complicated metabolic abnormalities was significantly associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of CKD for men and women, irrespective of abdominal obesity. However, there was a sex difference in the OR of CKD for obese participants without metabolic abnormalities, such that abdominal obesity without metabolic abnormalities was significantly associated with a higher OR for men (multivariate-adjusted OR 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–2.28) but not for women (OR 1.01; 95% CI, 0.71–1.44).Conclusions: The present findings demonstrated that obesity without metabolic abnormalities was associated with a higher risk of CKD in men but not women in a relatively lean Japanese population.

著者

Shingo Matsumoto Rine Nakanishi Ryo Ichibayashi Mitsuru Honda Kei Hayashida Atsushi Sakurai Nobuya Kitamura Takashi Tagami Taka-aki Nakada Munekazu Takeda Takanori Ikeda SOS-KANTO Study Group

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-22-0047, (Released:2022-05-14)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

---

Background: Heart rate (HR) predicts outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), whereas the impact of HR on outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of HR after resuscitation on outcomes after OHCA and whether the impact differs with OHCA etiology.Methods and Results: Of 16,452 patients suffering from OHCA, this study analyzed 741 adults for whom HR after resuscitation was recorded by 12-lead electrocardiogram upon hospital arrival. Etiology of OHCA was categorized into 3 groups: ACS, non-ACS, and non-cardiac. Patients in each etiology group were further divided into tachycardia (>100 beats/min) and non-tachycardia (≤100 beats/min). The impact of HR on outcomes was evaluated in each group. Among the 741 patients, the mean age was 67.6 years and 497 (67.1%) patients were male. The primary outcome – 3-month all-cause mortality – was observed in 55.8% of patients. Tachycardia after resuscitation in patients with ACS was significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality at 3 months (P=0.002), but there was no significant association between tachycardia and mortality in non-ACS and non-cardiac etiology patients. In a multivariate analysis model, the incidence of tachycardia after resuscitation independently predicted higher 3-month all-cause mortality in OHCA patients with ACS (hazard ratio: 2.17 [95% confidence interval: 1.05–4.48], P=0.04).Conclusions: Increased HR after resuscitation was associated with higher mortality only in patients with ACS.

著者

Ki Hong Choi Jeong Hoon Yang David Hong Taek Kyu Park Joo Myung Lee Young Bin Song Joo-Yong Hahn Seung-Hyuk Choi Jin-Ho Choi Su Ryeun Chung Yang Hyun Cho Dong Seop Jeong Kiick Sung Wook Sung Kim Young Tak Lee Hyeon-Cheol Gwon

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.9, pp.1502-1510, 2020-08-25 (Released:2020-08-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

15 36

---

Background:Although there is an increase in the use of mechanical circulatory support devices to rescue patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by refractory cardiogenic shock (CS), the optimal timing of the application remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) insertion before and after coronary revascularization in AMI patients with refractory CS.Methods and Results:A total of 253 patients with AMI who underwent revascularization therapy with VA-ECMO were included. The study population was stratified into extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) before revascularization (N=106, reference cohort) and refractory CS without E-CPR before revascularization (n=147, comparison cohort). Patients with refractory CS but without E-CPR before revascularization were further divided into VA-ECMO before revascularization (N=50) and VA-ECMO after revascularization (n=97). The primary endpoint was a composite of in-hospital mortality, left ventricular assist device implantation, and heart transplantation. The primary endpoint occurred in 60 patients (40.8%) of the comparison cohort and 51 patients (48.1%) of the reference cohort. Among the comparison cohort, the primary endpoint was significantly lower in VA-ECMO before revascularization than in VA-ECMO after revascularization (32.0% vs. 49.5%, OR 0.480, 95% CI 0.235–0.982, P=0.045). A similar trend was observed after a 1-year follow up.Conclusions:Early initiation of VA-ECMO before revascularization therapy might improve clinical outcomes in patients with AMI complicated by refractory CS.

著者

Masatoshi OKUBO Yoh-ichi SATOH Masato HIRAKAWA Kana SASAKI Kazuki MASU Gabriel J. MCHONDE Chika IKEDA-KUROSAWA Daijiro KUROSAKA Tomoyuki SAINO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.101-115, 2016-04-01 (Released:2016-04-23)

参考文献数

87

被引用文献数

3 3

---

5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT: serotonin) is an important transmitter that causes vessel constriction, although few studies have examined the effect of 5-HT on venous smooth muscles. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays an essential role in stimulus-response coupling in numerous tissue/cells including vascular smooth muscle cells. The present study was performed to examine whether differences between arteries and veins in the response to 5-HT can be detected under confocal microscope with respect to [Ca2+]i dynamics. In posterior ciliary arteries of rats, 5-HT induced a [Ca2+]i increase. The 5-HT-induced responses were caused by both Ca2+ influx and mobilization. Agonist and antagonist experiments revealed that arterial smooth muscles possess 5-HT1a, 1b, 2 (Gprotein-coupled type) and 5-HT3 (ion channel type) receptors, and that 5-HT2 in particular plays a major role in these responses. For vorticose veins, the 5-HT-induced responses were also caused by both Ca2+ influx and mobilization. However, the cAMP dependent pathway (5-HT4-7) was found to be significant in vasocontraction with respect to 5-HT in these vessels. Thus, Ca2+ mobilization was induced by 5-HT2 and 5-HT4-7 in a vessel-dependent manner, whereas Ca2+ influx universally was induced by 5-HT3. These results indicate that the posterior ciliary arteries and vorticose veins in the same tissue might differ greatly in their responses to stimulus.

著者

北村 泰一 小川 徹 Tai-ichi KITAMURA Tohru OGAWA

雑誌

南極資料 (ISSN:00857289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, pp.75-80, 1979-03

---

この論文では,昭和基地におけるHFドップラー法によるTIDの観測が提案されている.TIDの中でも,現在その性質や発生源がよくわかっていない中規模TIDに特にねらいをつけ,送受信局の距離を80-300kmに想定し,重力波の方位と分散を測定して,その発生源の位置を推定し,また,電離層高度における中性大気の温度を評価するのがその主な目的である.具体的な場所を提案し,その費用の概略も算出されている.

著者

藤原 玄夫 北村 泰一 Motowo FUJIWARA Tai-ichi KITAMURA

雑誌

南極資料 (ISSN:00857289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, pp.181-190, 1980-03

---

ライダーによる南極の中層大気圏の探査を提案する.これはYAGレーザーおよびYAGレーザー励起色素レーザーをライダー送信系に用いて,成層圏のエアロゾル,オゾンや中間圏,下部熱圏のアルカリ金属原子,エアロゾル等の微量成分と,大気分子個数密度の高度分布およびその時間的変動を精密に測定しようとするものである.南極のライダー観測は,中層大気圏の組成的,力学的構造のグローバルな理解のためにきわめて重要であり,また,オーロラなどの極域電離圏における電磁気的じょう乱に対する中層大気の応答を調べる上できわめて有意義である.

著者

Hiroshi Maruta Mok-Ryeon Ahn

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.43-46, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-03-09)

参考文献数

35

---

PAK1-deficient mutant of C. elegans lives 60% longer than the wild-type. Interestingly, PAK1-deficient mutant of melanocytes produces less melanin (only a half compared with the wild-type) in the presence of either serum (PDGF) or α-MSH (alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone). These observations indicate that the major "pathogenic" kinase PAK1 is responsible for both shortening the healthy lifespan, and PDGF/α-MSH-dependent melanogenesis. For screening of PAK1-blocking probiotic bacteria or their products, their anti-melanogenic as well as longevity promoting properties were examined. Recently it was found that C. elegans fed with Lactobacillus rhamnosus in Xinjiang cheese lives 40% longer than the worm fed with the standard E. coli. Interestingly, a Chinese traditional medicine called "ChiBai" fermented with the Lactobacillus rhamnosus also inhibited the α-MSH-induced melanogenesis, and this bacteria itself produces butyric acid that blocks the oncogenic HDAC (histone deacetylase)-PAK1 signaling pathway. These findings strongly suggest, if not proven, that anti-melanogenic activity of Lactobacillus and many other probiotic bacteria might serve as a reliable indicator for their longevity promoting activity. In this context, a popular Japanese Lactobacillus-fermented milk drink called "Calpis", developed a century ago, and recently proven to inhibit the melanogenesis by suppressing the PAK1-dependent tyrosinase gene expression, may potentially prolong our healthy lifespan.

著者

Jong-Il Park Jong-Ho Nam Ung Kim Jung-Hee Lee Jang-Won Son

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.5, pp.690, 2021-04-23 (Released:2021-04-23)

参考文献数

1