著者

Ken-ichi Kasai

出版者

FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)

雑誌

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.66, pp.273-282, 2000-07-02 (Released:2010-01-05)

著者

Hsin-Chuan Chen Rong-San Lin

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.10.20130656, (Released:2013-09-24)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

3

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H-bridges are important driving components for consumer electronics and industry controls. They also play an important role in technologies related to DC motor control. Conventional H-bridge drivers require dead-time generation to avoid the shoot-through current resulting from both upper and lower power transistors being turned on concurrently. Unlike the conventional H-bridge driver, this paper proposes an H-bridge driver based on a complementary MOSFET type using gate bias, without a dead time generator, to improve its driving efficiency. Moreover, this proposed H-bridge driver also has a reduced hardware complexity.

著者

Hyerin AHN Woo-Jin SONG Solji CHOI Jae-Hoon KIM Ji-Youl JUNG Jongtae CHEONG Hyunjung PARK Hyohoon JEONG Youngmin YUN

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.8, pp.1051-1055, 2022 (Released:2022-08-01)

参考文献数

25

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A 12-year-old mixed-breed dog presented with a 2-month history of abdominal distension. Radiographic examination, abdominal ultrasonography, and computed tomography revealed a mass in the cecum (15.0 × 11.9 × 4.5 cm). The cecal mass was surgically removed and examined histopathologically. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed S-100 and neuron specific enolase but not α-smooth muscle actin and CD117 (c-kit). These histologic and immunohistochemical features indicated that the mass was consistent with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). In dogs, most MPNSTs arise from the brachial plexus, spinal nerve root, and skin of the extremities. However, gastrointestinal MPNSTs in dogs have not been described previously. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe cecal MPNST in a dog.

著者

Junping Kou Yun Ni Na Li Jingrong Wang Liang Liu Zhi-Hong Jiang

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.176-180, 2005 (Released:2005-01-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

51 57

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The ethanol extract of Chinese medicinal ants Polyrhachis lamelliden was evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in mice. It was shown that the extract significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing response and increased hot-plate pain threshold of mice at doses of 1.5 and 3.0 g crude drug/kg. Meanwhile, the extract significantly inhibited the increase in vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and in ear edema induced by xylene in mice. However, it had no obvious effect on leukocyte migration induced by carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na). The ethanol extract suspended in water was partitioned with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol successively to yield four fractions including water fraction. Among these fractions, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions were found to increase hot-plate pain threshold and to inhibit acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. Water fractions markedly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing response and reduced the dye leakage to the peritoneal cavity induced by acetic acid and ear edema induced by xylene. These results suggest that P. lamellidens presents remarkable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, which supported the traditional use of the medicinal ants in the treatment of various diseases associated with inflammation. The diethyl ether fraction has greater contribution to the overall analgesic activity, whereas the water fraction showed the greatest anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic activities.

著者

Mizuki Watanabe Honoka Takahashi Kazuyoshi Uematsu Mineo Sato Takaki Masaki Dae-Ho Yoon Kenji Toda

出版者

The Ceramic Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan (ISSN:18820743)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, no.7, pp.458-463, 2022-07-01 (Released:2022-07-01)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

2

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All-inorganic halides exhibit excellent optical as well as luminescence properties. Among them, non-toxic copper-doped halide Cs2ZnCl4 with high stability is a promising material. However, the conventional method for preparing these materials, using the hot injection technique, is unsuitable for mass production. Therefore, herein, we suggest a simple and low-temperature (below 100 °C) method without using special equipment, regents, and treatments. Cu-doped Cs2ZnCl4 was successfully synthesized using the water-assisted solid-state reaction (WASSR) method, and the oxidation state of Cu in the samples was estimated through the iodometric titration technique. The optical and luminescence properties were investigated using the absorption and photoluminescence excitation/emission spectra. Significantly, Cu-doped Cs2ZnCl4 exhibited unique green emission centered at ∼520 nm under ultraviolet irradiation. Moreover, the oxidation of Cu in the Cs2ZnCl4 lattice was suppressed owing to the low-temperature conditions in the WASSR.

著者

日本集中治療医学会小児集中治療委員会日本小児集中治療連絡協議会COVID-19ワーキンググループ 日本小児科学会予防接種・感染症対策委員会

出版者

一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会

雑誌

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.247-253, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-05-01)

参考文献数

25

著者

Takashi KAMEDA Shunya OKA Jun-ichi IGAWA Makoto SAKAMOTO Kazuto TERADA

出版者

The Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices

雑誌

Dental Materials Journal (ISSN:02874547)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-146, (Released:2021-10-22)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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Coronavirus disease pandemic has led to a shortage of disinfectant alcohol (DA; 76.9–81.4% ethanol solution) in Japan. This study investigated the availability of hypochlorous acid (HA) as an alternative disinfectant to DA in clinical environment. HA is a safe and economical disinfectant with a broad antibacterial spectrum and low risk of hand irritation, which is used worldwide. In this study, HA and sodium hypochlorite solution (SH) were degraded over time and the degradation was accelerated by temperature and lighting. Results of bactericidal effects of HA revealed that the realistic effective concentration should be 200 ppm. Compared with DA, the dental carbon steel burs were more severely rusted by SH and HA. These results indicated that high concentration of HA generated on-site could be an effective and safe disinfectant for use immediately after generation with consideration of object materials in clinical environment, as an alternative to DA.

著者

Sarah Annie GUÉNETTE Marie-Chantal GIROUX Pascal VACHON

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013 (Released:2013-04-25)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

20 27

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Frogs possess pain receptors and pathways that support processing and perception of noxious stimuli however the level of organization is less well structured compared to mammals. It was long believed that the experience of pain was limited to ‘higher’ phylums of the animal kingdom. However, it is now commonly accepted that amphibians possess neuro-anatomical pathways conductive of a complete nociceptive experience. Xenopus laevis frogs have been one of the most popular aquatic research models for developmental studies and genetic research. These frogs have been extensively use in research for their eggs, that can be collected following hormonal stimulation either naturally or by surgical intervention. Many anaesthetics have been used in amphibians such as bath solutions of MS-222, benzocaine and eugenol as well as systemic injections of ketamine or tiletamine, barbiturates, propofol and gas administrations of methoxyflurane, halothane and isoflurane. Most of these anaesthetic drugs produce variability in depth and duration of anaesthesia. MS-222 appears to be one of the most reliable anaesthetics. This review will focus on the evidence of pain perception in frogs and will compare the effectiveness and limitations of different anaesthetics used in Xenopus leavis frogs.

著者

Keiko MAEKAWA Masaya ITODA Kimie SAI Yoshiro SAITO Nahoko KANIWA Kuniaki SHIRAO Tetsuya HAMAGUCHI Hideo KUNITOH Noboru YAMAMOTO Tomohide TAMURA Hironobu MINAMI Kaoru KUBOTA Atsushi OHTSU Teruhiko YOSHIDA Nagahiro SAIJO Naoyuki KAMATANI Shogo OZAWA Jun-ichi SAWADA

出版者

The Japanese Society for the Study of Xenobiotics

雑誌

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (ISSN:13474367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.109-121, 2006 (Released:2006-05-10)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

36

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The ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCG2, which is expressed at high levels in the intestine and liver, functions as an efflux transporter for many drugs, including clinically used anticancer agents such as topotecan and the active metabolite of irinotecan (SN-38). In this study, to elucidate the linkage disequilibrium (LD) profiles and haplotype structures of ABCG2, we have comprehensively searched for genetic variations in the putative promoter region, all the exons, and their flanking introns of ABCG2 from 177 Japanese cancer patients treated with irinotecan. Forty-three genetic variations, including 11 novel ones, were found: 5 in the 5′-flanking region, 13 in the coding exons, and 25 in the introns. In addition to 9 previously reported nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 2 novel nonsynonymous SNPs, 38C>T (Ser13Leu) and 1060G>A (Gly354Arg), were found with minor allele frequencies of 0.3%. Based on the LD profiles between the SNPs and the estimated past recombination events, the region analyzed was divided into three blocks (Block -1, 1, and 2), each of which spans at least 0.2 kb, 46 kb, and 13 kb and contains 2, 24, and 17 variations, respectively. The two, eight, and five common haplotypes detected in 10 or more patients accounted for most (>90%) of the haplotypes inferred in Block -1, Block 1, and Block 2, respectively. The SNP and haplotype distributions in Japanese were different from those reported previously in Caucasians. This study provides fundamental information for the pharmacogenetic studies investigating the relationship between the genetic variations in ABCG2 and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters.

著者

Yan Hao Yu-lin Yang Yong-chao Wang Jian Li

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22-052, (Released:2022-07-14)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

13

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors significantly reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and improve the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the feasibility and safety of early application of PCSK9 inhibitors on the basis of statins combined with ezetimibe to strengthen lipid lowering in extremely high-risk coronary heart disease populations are still unknown.This study was a prospective, randomized controlled study. A total of 136 patients with extremely high-risk ACS with LDL-C ≥ 3.0 mmol/L after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment were randomly assigned 1:1 to the control group (atorvastatin 40 mg/day and ezetimibe 10 mg/day) or the evolocumab group (evolocumab 140 mg every 2 weeks combined with atorvastatin 40 mg/day and ezetimibe 10 mg/day). We compared the blood lipid profiles, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and adverse reactions. MACEs included cardiogenic death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and readmission due to angina. Adverse reactions included allergies, myalgia, poor blood glucose control, and liver damage.Within 1 month, the average level of LDL-C in the evolocumab group decreased from 3.54 to 0.57 mmol/L and that in the control group decreased from 3.52 to 1.26 mmol/L. The LDL-C compliance (< 1.0 mmol/L) rate was significantly increased in the evolocumab group compared with the control group (82.35% versus 22.06%, P < 0.01). The average level of lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)) in the control group increased by 9.94 ± 51.93% from baseline after treatment, but evolocumab reduced the Lp (a) level (−38.84 ± 32.40%). Additionally, evolocumab further reduced the levels of apolipoprotein B/A1 (−70.56 ± 22.38% versus −51.29 ± 18.14%), cholesterol (−54.76 ± 18.10% versus −41.16 ± 18.14%), and apolipoprotein B (−66.47 ± 26.89% versus −46.78 ± 24.12%) compared with those in the control group, all P < 0.01. The blood lipid levels of both control and evolocumab groups stabilized after 1 month. During the 3-month follow-up, the incidence of MACEs after PCI was lower in the evolocumab group than in the control group (8.82% versus 24.59%, P = 0.015), and evolocumab combined with statins and ezetimibe did not increase the occurrence of adverse reactions (13.24% versus 11.48%, P = 0.762).In patients with extremely high-risk ACS with high levels of LDL-C, adding evolocumab to their treatment regimen as early as possible may enhance lipid lowering, increase the patient's LDL-C compliance rate in the short term, and improve cardiovascular prognosis but will not increase adverse reactions.

著者

Dah-Renn FU Tsuyoshi KADOSAWA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22-0106, (Released:2022-07-15)

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The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been reported in human nasopharyngeal and canine nasal carcinomas. The present study measured EGFR and COX-2 expression and calculated correlations between these proteins and clinical variables and outcomes in dogs with nasal carcinoma treated with radiation therapy. Before treatment, the immunohistochemistry of EGFR and COX-2 was performed in 67 biopsied tissues from canine nasal carcinomas. The correlations between these protein levels, clinical variables, and outcomes were evaluated. EGFR and COX-2 were detected in 88.1% and 82.1% of our samples, respectively. Neither EGFR nor COX-2 was associated with T stage and cribriform plate destruction. Dogs with low EGFR levels had a significantly longer survival time than dogs with high EGFR expression (P=0.043). The COX-2 expression level was not significantly associated with survival times after radiation therapy (P=0.653). Overexpression of EGFR is negatively correlated with survival in dogs with nasal carcinoma. Future studies should identify tumor biomarkers to develop therapeutic targets for effective treatments for canine nasal carcinomas.

著者

Shuka Kagemasa Kyohei Kuroda Ryosuke Nakai Yu-You Li Kengo Kubota

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.ME22027, 2022 (Released:2022-06-08)

参考文献数

67

被引用文献数

3

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Uncultivated members of Candidatus Patescibacteria are commonly found in activated sludge treating sewage and are widely distributed in wastewater treatment plants in different regions and countries. However, the phylogenetic diversity of Ca. Patescibacteria is difficult to examine because of their low relative abundance in the environment. Since Ca. Patescibacteria members have small cell sizes, we herein collected small microorganisms from activated sludge using a filtration-based size-fractionation approach (i.e., 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm and 0.22–0.1‍ ‍μm fractions). Fractionated samples were characterized using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequence ana­lyses. The amplicon ana­lysis revealed that the relative abundance of Ca. Patescibacteria increased to 73.5% and 52.5% in the 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm and 0.22–0.1‍ ‍μm fraction samples, respectively, from 5.8% in the unfractionated sample. The members recovered from the two size-fractionated samples included Ca. Saccharimonadia, Ca. Gracilibacteria, Ca. Paceibacteria, Ca. Microgenomatia, class-level uncultured lineage ABY1, Ca. Berkelbacteria, WS6 (Ca. Dojkabacteria), and WWE3, with Ca. Saccharimonadia being predominant in both fraction samples. The number of operational taxonomic units belonging to Ca. Patescibacteria was approximately 6-fold higher in the size-fractionated samples than in the unfractionated sample. The shotgun metagenomic ana­lysis of the 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm fractioned sample enabled the reconstruction of 24 high-quality patescibacterial bins. The bins obtained were classified into diverse clades at the family and genus levels, some of which were rarely detected in previous activated sludge studies. Collectively, the present results suggest that the overall diversity of Ca. Patescibacteria inhabiting activated sludge is higher than previously expected.

著者

Sataporn Direkbusarakom Hironobu Kinoshita Chettupon Pooljun Sudarat Saeng-ngern Suwit Wuthisuthimethavee

出版者

The Japanese Society of Fish Pathology

雑誌

魚病研究 (ISSN:0388788X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.125-131, 2021-01-15 (Released:2021-01-21)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 3

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5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an endogenous non-protein amino acid that is widely used in medicine, pharmacy products, agriculture, and aquaculture. ​In this study, the aim is to investigate the effects of 5-ALA on feeding Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with a diet supplemented with 5-ALA on their growth performance, immune responses, and resistance to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio paraheamolyticus. ​Shrimp were fed with different diets, including a commercial diet (control) and diets supplemented with 15 ppm (ALA15) and 30 ppm (ALA30) of 5-ALA for 15 and 30 days before bacteria challenge. ​Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor, crustin, and penaeidin3 immune genes had significantly increased expression level after 15 and 30 days of feeding with 5-ALA. ​The mortality rate of L. vannamei fed with 5-ALA for 15 and 30 days significantly decreased after V. parahaemolyticus infection. ​These results indicated that the diet supplemented with 5-ALA enhanced the innate immune response and consequently shrimp's pathogen tolerance. ​Thus, 5-ALA can be used as immunostimulant additive for Pacific white shrimp cultivation.

著者

Caleb Ademola Omuwa GBIRI Hammed Olaoye IYIOLA Jibrin Sammani USMAN Caleb Adewumi ADEAGBO Babatunde Lekan ILEYEMI Ngozi Florence ONUEGBU Francis-Beloved Odinakachukwu ODIDIKA

出版者

Japanese Society of Physical Therapy

雑誌

Physical Therapy Research (ISSN:21898448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.136-144, 2021-08-20 (Released:2021-08-20)

参考文献数

22

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Background: Diabetic peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DPSP) has been treated with sketchy outcomes and available approaches are not applicable for self-administration. This study developed protocol for managing symptoms of DPSP and assessed its comparative efficacy. Methods: Study developed Lagos Neuropathy Protocol (LNP) through existing concept in DPSP and tested its safety, clinical applicability, and ease of self-administration. Its efficacy was compared with Buerger-Allen Exercise (BAE) by involving 31 (11males) with DPSP, randomized into LNP and BAE and treated for 10-week. Toronto Clinical Scoring System was used to diagnose DPSP while Diabetic Neuropathy Examination was used to diagnose distal polyneuropathy. Sensory/pressure perception was assessed using 10 g-monofilament while Short Physical Performance Battery, Bergs Balance Scale and Visual Analogue Scale was used to assess functional performance, strength and balance, and pain respectively. Results: LNP has three domains: sensory/pressure/proprioception, strength/balance, and pain/swelling. Most (80%) of the participants rated the LNP as excellently safe while the rest (20%) rated as very good in safety. All the participants rated LNP excellent in terms of self-administration and suitability for clinical use without adverse effect. The mean age of the participants for the comparative phase was 66.20±9.48years while their length of diagnoses of diabetes was 15.80±13.35years. About a third (32.5%) had DPSP. Both LNP and BAE had significant improvement (p<0.05) in sensory/pressure perception, pain, strength and balance, and functional performance but LNP had better significant improvement. Conclusion: LNP is safe, good for self-administration, clinically applicable and efficacious in improving sensory/pressure perception, balance, pain and functional performances in individuals with DPSP.

著者

Rose BOUCAUT Takuo NOMURA Kenichiro TAKANO Reiko HIROSHIMA Fuminari ASADA Satoshi OKAHARA Beatriz SANZ-BUSTILLO-AGUIRRE

出版者

Japanese Society of Physical Therapy

雑誌

Physical Therapy Research (ISSN:21898448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.98-105, 2021-08-20 (Released:2021-08-20)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

3

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Objective: This study aimed to adapt a pre-existing cross-country comparison (CCC) model to Occupational Health Physiotherapy (OHP) practice as a basis for locating and examining contextual factors that may influence OHP practice in Japan and Australia. Method: A secondary analysis was conducted of existing publicly-available data on OHP and related influential factors, following the five components of the CCC model: work-related legislation; labor market characteristics; culture; physiotherapy practice norms; and organization of OHP practice. Results: Legislation in both countries promotes safe work and rehabilitation of work injured/ill workers. 2019 unemployment was lower in Japan with higher employment protection than Australia. Both countries have an ageing workforce and rising retirement age. Cultural differences relate to higher long-term orientation and uncertainty avoidance in Japan. Australia has higher individualism and physiotherapists are autonomous practitioners with direct access, which differs from Japan. Both countries have a national OHP subgroup, to date only Australia has OHP professional practice standards. Discussion: This study is the first to compare OHP practice in Japan and Australia. Contextual similarities and differences observed may underpin OHP practitioner role and its enhancement in work-related musculoskeletal disorder prevention and management strategies, the return-to-work process, and development of this physiotherapy discipline nationally. Conclusion: Adapting the CCC model to OHP practice enabled a structured exploration of resources and data, from which to extract and compare contextual factors that may shape OHP practice in Japan and Australia. This in turn may provide a useful springboard for further discussion about OHP practice internationally.

著者

Tomohito Sato Keisei Kosaki Youngju Choi Yuriko Tochigi Ai Shindo-Hamasaki Reiko Momma Seiji Maeda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.4, pp.247-253, 2022-07-25 (Released:2022-07-12)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3

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Several studies have demonstrated that athletes show superior performance in general cognitive functions compared to non-athletes. However, the effects on cognitive function might vary depending on the athlete’s sport type. In athletes, the visuospatial working memory is a crucial function for immediate response to each situation and experience. However, no studies have yet examined the association between visuospatial working memory and sport types. This study aimed to investigate whether sport type influences the differences in visuospatial working memory in athletes using a cross-sectional study. A total of 67 young individuals, including 59 athletes (long-distance running, tennis, kendo, and soccer players) and eight non-athletes (controls), participated in the study. Athletes were classified into static, interceptive, or strategic depending on their sport type. The reaction time, accuracy, and balanced integration score (BIS) of the spatial working memory task (SWMT) were examined in all participants. Strategic athletes showed a shorter reaction time and higher BIS value of SWMT than static athletes and non-athletes. We concluded that the visuospatial working memory of strategic athletes was better than that of non-athletes and static athletes. This finding suggests that visuospatial working memory might play an important role in determining athletic performance in strategic sport types, making improved visuospatial working memory a key advantage for strategic athletes.

著者

Paula SERRANO-GONZÁLEZ César CUESTA-GARCÍA Eva GIROL-LÓPEZ Ferran CUENCA-MARTÍNEZ

出版者

Japanese Society of Physical Therapy

雑誌

Physical Therapy Research (ISSN:21898448)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.41-48, 2022-04-20 (Released:2022-04-20)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2

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Objective: Among solid tumours, medulloblastoma is the most common of the posterior fossa neoplasms, given that it represents 15%-20% of childhood brain tumours. The main aim of the present study was to assess the effects of action observation training on the activities of daily living (ADL) and the manipulation skills of children with acquired brain injury secondary to an oncological process. Methods: We recruited a consecutive convenience sample of 5 patients diagnosed with acquired brain injury secondary to an oncological process. ADL and manipulation skills were assessed using the ABILHAND-Kids and Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, respectively. After conducting the initial evaluation, we planned the intervention, which lasted 10 weeks and consisted of 40 sessions for each participant, 10 in the occupational therapy department and 30 at home. After completing the intervention, we re-evaluated the main variables. Results: Overall, the results of the postintervention ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire showed a 5-point improvement, with a statistically significant difference and a large effect size. Eighty per cent of the sample showed better results in the total score, with differences between 4 and 8 points. In relation to manual dexterity, as measured by the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, there were no significant changes, except in one of the participants. Conclusion: It appears that action observation training can elicit positive changes with respect to the development of ADL, but the influence on manual dexterity was almost nonexistent.

著者

Young-Man Cho Yasuko Mizuta Jun-ichi Akagi Takeshi Toyoda Mizuki Sone Kumiko Ogawa

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY

雑誌

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology (ISSN:09149198)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.73-80, 2018 (Released:2018-01-24)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

68 112

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In this study, we aimed to evaluate changes in the acute toxicity of intraperitoneally administered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of varying sizes in BALB/c mice. Seven-week-old female BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally administered AgNPs measuring 10, 60, or 100 nm in diameter (0.2 mg/mouse) and then sacrificed 1, 3, or 6 h after treatment. In mice administered 10 nm AgNPs, reduced activity and piloerection were observed at 5 h post administration, and lowered body temperature was observed at 6 h post administration, with histopathological changes of congestion, vacuolation, single cell necrosis, and focal necrosis in the liver; congestion in the spleen; and apoptosis in the thymus cortex. These histopathological changes were not evident following administration of either 60 or 100 nm AgNPs. These results suggested that smaller AgNPs, e.g., those measuring 10 nm in diameter, had higher acute toxicity in mice.

著者

Kei Nishida Kenta Tsuchiya Hiroyuki Obinata Shizuka Onodera Yu Honda Yen-Cheng Lai Nami Haruta Asako Sugimoto

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.51-64, 2021 (Released:2021-06-30)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

12

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Most organisms have multiple α- and β-tubulin isotypes that likely contribute to the diversity of microtubule (MT) functions. To understand the functional differences of tubulin isotypes in Caenorhabditis elegans, which has nine α-tubulin isotypes and six β-tubulin isotypes, we systematically constructed null mutants and GFP-fusion strains for all tubulin isotypes with the CRISPR/Cas9 system and analyzed their expression patterns and levels in adult hermaphrodites. Four isotypes—α-tubulins TBA-1 and TBA-2 and β-tubulins TBB-1 and TBB-2—were expressed in virtually all tissues, with a distinct tissue-specific spectrum. Other isotypes were expressed in specific tissues or cell types at significantly lower levels than the broadly expressed isotypes. Four isotypes (TBA-5, TBA-6, TBA-9, and TBB-4) were expressed in different subsets of ciliated sensory neurons, and TBB-4 was inefficiently incorporated into mitotic spindle MTs. Taken together, we propose that MTs in C. elegans are mainly composed of four broadly expressed tubulin isotypes and that incorporation of a small amount of tissue-specific isotypes may contribute to tissue-specific MT properties. These newly constructed strains will be useful for further elucidating the distinct roles of tubulin isotypes.Key words: tubulin isotypes, microtubules, C. elegans

著者

Yukiko Yamazaki-Hashimoto Yuji Nakamura Hiroshi Ohara Xin Cao Ken Kitahara Hiroko Izumi-Nakaseko Kentaro Ando Hiroshi Yamazaki Takanori Ikeda Junichi Yamazaki Atsushi Sugiyama

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.33-42, 2015-02-01 (Released:2014-12-18)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

9 11

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Fluvoxamine is one of the typical selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. While its combined use with QT-prolonging drugs has been contraindicated because of the increase in plasma concentrations of such drugs, information is still limited whether fluvoxamine by itself may directly prolong the QT interval. We examined electropharmacological effects of fluvoxamine together with its pharmacokinetic profile by using the halothane-anesthetized dogs (n = 4). Fluvoxamine was intravenously administered in three escalating doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg over 10 min with a pause of 20 min between the doses. The low dose provided therapeutic plasma drug concentration, whereas the middle and high doses attained approximately 10 and 100 times of the therapeutic ones, respectively. Supra-therapeutic concentration of fluvoxamine exerted the negative chronotropic, inotropic and hypotensive effects; and suppressed the atrioventricular nodal and intraventricular conductions, indicating inhibitory actions on Ca2+ and Na+ channels, whereas it delayed the repolarization in a reverse use-dependent manner, reflecting characteristics of rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current channel-blocking property. Fluvoxamine prolonged the terminal repolarization phase at 100 times higher concentration than the therapeutic, indicating its proarrhythmic potential. Thus, fluvoxamine by itself has potential to directly induce long QT syndrome at supra-therapeutic concentrations.