著者

三澤 朱実 由田 克士 福村 智恵 田中 太一郎 玉置 淳子 武林 亨 日下 幸則 中川 秀昭 大和 浩 岡山 明 三浦 克之 岡村 智教 上島 弘嗣 HIPOP-OHP Research Group

出版者

公益社団法人 日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

産業衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:13410725)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.97-107, 2015 (Released:2015-06-15)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3 1

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目的:従業員食堂を中心とした長期間の食環境介入が野菜類の摂取量に及ぼす効果を検討する.対象と方法:対象は福井県現業系事業所の従業員約1,200人(19–61歳)である.野菜摂取量を増加させるため,日本型の3要素(主食・主菜・副菜(野菜))を組み合わせた食事の摂取を推進した.適切な食物選択を導くための食環境整備として,従業員食堂の全ての献立表示を3色で示した(3要素順に,黄色・赤色・緑色).食事の代金清算時に,3要素を組み合わせて食事を選択するよう栄養教育を実施した(適切選択者).同時に適切選択者の割合も評価した.介入前後に,半定量食物摂取頻度調査法に準じた質問紙調査を実施した.野菜類の摂取頻度と摂取目安量を質問し,1人1日当たりの推定摂取量の平均値を求めた.結果:適切選択者は,介入1年後63.5%から,介入2年後82.1%(p<0.001),介入3年後80.0%(p<0.001)へと有意に増加した.介入3年後では,朝食時(p<0.001),昼食時(p<0.001),夕食時(p=0.011)の野菜,野菜ジュース(p=0.030)の推定摂取量は,有意に増加した.漬物は有意に減少した(p=0.009).これにより野菜類摂取量は,男性では167.3 gから184.6 g,女性では157.9 gから187.7 gに増加したと推定された.考察:従業員食堂を中心とした長期間の食環境介入によって(3年間),野菜の推定摂取量の増加,漬物の推定摂取量の減少が認められ,野菜類の摂取量に望ましい効果が示された.

著者

WANG Chung-Chieh LIN Kuan-Yu DAVIS Christopher A. HUANG Shin-Yi LIU Stefano Chih-Shin TSUBOKI Kazuhisa JOU Ben Jong-Dao

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-036, (Released:2020-04-20)

被引用文献数

2

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In this study, the impacts of Typhoon Morakot (2009)'s vortex structure on the extreme rainfall in Taiwan are investigated through an application of piecewise potential vorticity (PV) inversion. The control (CTL) experiment, starting at 0000 UTC 7 August or 15 h before landfall, reproduces the event realistically and is validated against the observations. By altering the PV perturbation inside 750 km from its center, we conduct sensitivity experiments in which the size and/or circulation strength of Morakot is reduced/weakened in the initial field in several different ways.  In the sensitivity tests, particularly those where the initial PV within the inner core (≤ 250 km) is significantly weakened, the storm makes landfall earlier, stays over land longer, and exits Taiwan later. Such track changes are accompanied by a contraction and spin-up of the inner core at early stages of the integration, caused by convection/latent heating within the inner core under large-scale low-level southwesterly flow. As a result, Taiwan receives an overall rainfall amount either comparable to, or even more than (up to +12 %), CTL in all tests. Thus, a weaker Morakot does not necessarily lead to less total rainfall over Taiwan, and the strong southwesterly flow and its moisture supply were bigger factors than the vortex structure in this event.   On the other hand, the rainfall in the southern Central Mountain Range on 8 August, which were the most-rainy area and period in reality, tended to decrease by up to 40 % with the contraction and a weaker outer circulation. Thus, the rainfall patterns and evolution in the sensitivity tests are considerably different than those in CTL, indicating that the vortex structure plays an important role in the rainfall of this region.

著者

Kazuhiro Koyanagawa Yuta Kobayashi Tadao Aikawa Atsuhito Takeda Hideaki Shiraishi Satonori Tsuneta Noriko Oyama-Manabe Hiroyuki Iwano Toshiyuki Nagai Toshihisa Anzai

出版者

Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

雑誌

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.bc.2020-0069, (Released:2020-09-07)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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To assess myocardial fibrosis associated with muscular dystrophy, T1-mapping and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) quantification was prospectively performed using cardiovascular MR (CMR) imaging in 6 male patients with muscular dystrophy and 5 female putative carriers of Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. Five patients and all putative carriers had an elevated ECV (>29.5% for men and >35.2% for women), suggesting that ECV has a potential to detect diffuse fibrotic changes in patients and putative carriers of muscular dystrophy.

著者

Sujeong Lim Hyo-Jong Song In-Hyuk Kwon

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.145-150, 2020 (Released:2020-08-09)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

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One way of the tropical cyclone (TC) initialization is assimilating the official advisory sea-level pressure observation to specify the initial structures of a TC with the aid of a background error covariance (BEC). In the hybrid four dimensional ensemble-variational data assimilation system, a static BEC explains the geostrophic and cyclostrophic wind-mass balance, and an ensemble BEC expresses the flow-dependent feature. Assimilation of the minimum sea-level pressure using a larger localization length-scale with limited ensemble members yields the closest to the observations at the initial state, but an imbalance in the broad analysis increment distorts geopotential and wind fields. Moreover, the reduced central pressure of TC is rapidly returned to an intensity that a model resolution can represent during the prediction. We introduce the application of final-scale localization (FSL) at the last outer loop with the shortest one to improve the TC initialization. With the aid of FSL, we may conduct the shorter localization length-scale, especially adopted for the TC initialization. As preliminary results, both analysis and prediction become more stable and the large-scale environments are preserved better than in the control experiment.

著者

Hyunuk Kim Baek-Jo Kim Hyoung-Gu Nam Jonghyeok Jeong Jae-Kwan Shim Kyu Rang Kim Seungbum Kim

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.140-144, 2020 (Released:2020-08-08)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

3

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In this study, based on the daily maximum wind speed and maximum instantaneous wind speed data recorded at 61 observation points operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration from 1993 to 2018, the self-organizing map clustering method was used to classify regions with similar characteristics of strong wind and gust wind occurrence and intensity. Characteristics of these regions were analyzed by averaging 30 variables related to wind for each cluster. As a result, 13 homogeneous regions of strong wind and gust wind in Korea were identified, which were clearly divided into regions of high and low strong wind frequency of occurrences. In most regions, the average daily maximum wind speed and maximum instantaneous wind speed were high in spring and winter. However, the average daily maximum wind speed and maximum instantaneous wind speed exceeding the criteria of strong wind (14 m s−1) and gust wind (20 m s−1) in this study were high in summer and autumn. Among the four clusters with high occurrence of strong wind and gust wind, one was classified as a specific region with high occurrence in summer and autumn. This results are likely to be beneficial to support regional customized special weather reports and disaster prevention.

著者

Hsiang-Wen Cheng Shu-Chih Yang Yu-Ching Liou Ching-Sen Chen

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.97-103, 2020 (Released:2020-06-26)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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This study investigates the forecast sensitivity of an afternoon thunderstorm in northern Taiwan to the upstream condition associated with the prevailing warm and moist southwesterly winds on 16 June 2008. This event was initiated near noon and lasted for several hours with a maximum hourly precipitation rate of 69 mm hr−1 at 14 LST.Experiments are conducted to assimilate radial velocity only or both radial velocity and reflectivity data from radars at southwestern and southern Taiwan with the WRF-Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter Radar assimilation system. Results show that these experiments can predict the rainfall occurrence in northern Taiwan, but the location and rainfall amount is very sensitive to upstream environmental conditions. Assimilating the unfiltered topography-associated reflectivity noise upstream generates unrealistic light rain and cooling, which leads to a great reduction of rainfall in the target area. The precipitation prediction suggests that a careful topography-based quality control performed on the radar data can be essential to restore the necessary environmental conditions for forecasting the afternoon thunderstorm event.

著者

Hiroshi Imamura Yukio Sekiguchi Tomomi Iwashita Hiroshi Dohgomori Katsunori Mochizuki Kazunori Aizawa Shin-ichi Aso Yuichi Kamiyoshi Uichi Ikeda Jun Amano Kazufumi Okamoto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.1, pp.59-66, 2011 (Released:2010-12-24)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

45 66 29

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Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) classically presents as sudden, severe chest, back, or abdominal pain. However, there have been several documented cases presenting with atypical features. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with painless AAD were investigated. Methods and Results: The study group comprised 98 patients (53 males, 45 females; 66±12 years) with AAD admitted to hospital from 2002 to 2007: 16 patients (17%) had no pain (Painless group) and 82 patients had pain (Painful group). In 81% of the Painless group and 70% of the Painful group there was a type A dissection. The Painless group more frequently had a persistent disturbance of consciousness (44% vs. 6%, P<0.001), syncope (25% vs. 1%, P<0.001) and a focal neurologic deficit (19% vs. 2%, P=0.006) as presenting symptoms. Imaging study findings were not significantly different. Cerebral ischemia (50% vs. 1%, P<0.001) and cardiac tamponade (38% vs. 13%, P=0.01) were more frequent complications in the Painless group. In-hospital mortality was not significantly different (19% vs. 15%). However, the Painless group had a more unfavorable functional outcome on overall performance category (P<0.001). Conclusions: Painless AAD may be more frequent than previously reported. Painless AAD patients often present with a disturbance of consciousness or a neurologic deficit, and have a higher morbidity than painful AAD patients. (Circ J 2011; 75: 59-66)

著者

Hyunho SHIN Hun-Joo LEE Yo-Han YOO Woong LEE

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

JSME International Journal Series A Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering (ISSN:13447912)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.35-41, 2004 (Released:2004-07-15)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 10

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A determination procedure for element elimination criterion in finite element simulation of high-strain-rate impact and penetration phenomena, occurring between tungsten heavy alloy long-rod penetrators and steel targets, has been presented with some demonstrations for the validity of the established criterion. The element elimination criterion for the two types of materials have been determined by comparing the simulated depth of penetration (DOP) and deformed shape of the penetrator with previously available experimental results. Although the criterion affects the simulated DOP significantly at the studied impact velocity of 1500m/s, once established, they are shown to be valid in predicting the DOP in the impact velocity range between 1100 and 1750m/s. The events of partial penetration with severe material deformation such as critical ricochet angle and ricochet phenomenology have also been successfully predicted using the established criterion in the similar impact velocity range. Thus it is suggested that the determination procedure for the suitable element erosion criterion is prerequisite in simulating high-strain-rate impact/penetration phenomena and the criterion established by the procedure is useful in fairly broad range of the velocity and for other similar high-strain-rate events.

著者

Yasuhide Nakamura Akihiro Tuji Wataru Makino Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki Nobuaki Nagata Megumi Nakagawa Noriko Takamura

出版者

The Plankton Society of Japan, The Japanese Association of Benthology

雑誌

Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.44-54, 2020-02-28 (Released:2020-03-25)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

9

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Neomysis awatschensis is an important prey item for various fishes in Lake Kasumigaura, Japan. There is, however, a contradiction concerning the major food sources of this mysid species: whether “bottom mud”, “particulate organic matter (POM) including phytoplankton”, or “mesozooplankton” is the main diet, and this uncertainty may be due to differences in the methodology used to determine the prey items in previous studies. This study examined the main food sources of N. awatschensis by combining three methods to eliminate methodological biases: DNA metabarcoding, microscopy and stable isotope analysis. Planktonic diatoms and green algae sequences were the main taxa detected by DNA metabarcoding and microscopy on the fecal pellets. The δ15N values of the mysids were similar to those of phytoplankton feeders rather than carnivorous planktonic crustaceans. These results suggest that diatoms and green algae were the major food sources for N. awatschensis in Lake Kasumigaura during the investigation period, and that its trophic level is as low as that of herbivores. However, the partial contribution of other “POM” (e.g., benthic diatoms) is also implied, considering the dispersion in δ13C values. Mesozooplankton prey, such as copepods, were detected both using DNA metabarcoding and microscopy, but they could not be a major food source due to the low nitrogen stable isotopic signature of the mysids. The opportunistic feeding habits of N. awatschensis possibly explain the consistent dominance of this species in the lake, where the ecosystem structure was substantially changed because of successive desalination.

著者

Knut Schmidt-Nielsen

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

雑誌

比較生理生化学 (ISSN:09163786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.50-58, 1992-06-30 (Released:2011-03-14)

著者

Maria Teresa B Abola Jonathan Golledge Tetsuro Miyata Seung-Woon Rha Bryan P Yan Timothy C Dy Marie Simonette V Ganzon Pankaj Kumar Handa Salim Harris Jiang Zhisheng Ramakrishna Pinjala Peter Ashley Robless Hiroyoshi Yokoi Elaine B Alajar April Ann Bermudez-delos Santos Elmer Jasper B Llanes Gay Marjorie Obrado-Nabablit Noemi S Pestaño Felix Eduardo Punzalan Bernadette Tumanan-Mendoza

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.53660, (Released:2020-07-04)

被引用文献数

49

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Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the most underdiagnosed, underestimated and undertreated of the atherosclerotic vascular diseases despite its poor prognosis. There may be racial or contextual differences in the Asia-Pacific region as to epidemiology, availability of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and even patient treatment response. The Asian Pacific Society of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Diseases (APSAVD) thus coordinated the development of an Asia-Pacific Consensus Statement (APCS) on the Management of PAD. Objectives: The APSAVD aimed to accomplish the following: 1) determine the applicability of the 2016 AHA/ACC guidelines on the Management of Patients with Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease to the Asia-Pacific region; 2) review Asia-Pacific literature; and 3) increase the awareness of PAD. Methodology: A Steering Committee was organized to oversee development of the APCS, appoint a Technical Working Group (TWG) and Consensus Panel (CP). The TWG appraised the relevance of the 2016 AHA/ACC PAD Guideline and proposed recommendations which were reviewed by the CP using a modified Delphi technique. Results: A total of 91 recommendations were generated covering history and physical examination, diagnosis, and treatment of PAD—3 new recommendations, 31 adaptations and 57 adopted statements. This Asia-Pacific Consensus Statement on the Management of PAD constitutes the first for the Asia-Pacific Region. It is intended for use by health practitioners involved in preventing, diagnosing and treating patients with PAD and ultimately the patients and their families themselves.

著者

渡邉- 東馬 加奈 大井- 東馬 哲雄

出版者

日本植物分類学会

雑誌

分類 (ISSN:13466852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.131-151, 2016 (Released:2017-01-16)

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日本に分布するオオバウマノスズクサとアリマウマノスズクサ(別名: ホソバウマノスズクサ)の識別においては,葉形態に基づく混同がしばしば見受けられる.葉が心形であるものがオオバウマノスズクサ,三裂のものがアリマウマノスズクサと区別されることがある.しかし,これら2種それぞれに心形葉~三裂葉がみられ,種内のみならず個体内においても葉形態は変異に富み,またその変異は種間においても連続的である.一方,これら2種は花形態により明確に区別され,オオバウマノスズクサは舷部が黄緑色で広倒卵形,アリマウマノスズクサは舷部が濃紫褐色で倒三角形である.本調査では,オオバウマノスズクサとアリマウマノスズクサの分類学史を踏まえ,混同している状況を整理することで,これら2種の正しい識別形質を普及することを目的とする.

著者

Michihito TAGAWA Genya SHIMBO Ken-Ichi WATANABE Noriyuki HORIUCHI Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI Masaki MAEZAWA Kotaro MATSUMOTO Kazuro MIYAHARA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-0157, (Released:2020-05-22)

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A 12-year-old female domestic short-haired cat was presented due to weight loss, anorexia, and tachypnea. Complete blood count revealed severe anemia, leukocytosis with massive undifferentiated blast cells, and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration showed acute myeloid leukemia, subclassified as monoblastic leukemia (M5a) based on the outcomes of the cytochemistry examinations. The SNAP feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) test using whole blood was negative. In addition, FeLV/FIV proviral polymerase chain reaction test using bone marrow aspirate was also negative. Although the cat was treated with doxorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and prednisolone, anemia did not improve without blood transfusion. The owner declined further treatment after 2 months, and the cat died a few days later.

著者

Kazuhiko Hara Takahiro Shinozaki Akiko Okada-Ogawa Yumiko Matsukawa Ko Dezawa Yuka Nakaya Jui-Yen Chen Noboru Noma Shunichi Oka Koichi Iwata Yoshiki Imamura

出版者

Nihon University School of Dentistry

雑誌

Journal of Oral Science (ISSN:13434934)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.195-204, 2016 (Released:2016-06-25)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

7 25

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We investigated the temporal association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD)-related symptoms and headache during TMD treatment for patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for headache attributed to TMD (HATMD) specified in the Diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) and International classification of headache disorders (ICHD)-3 beta. The study enrolled 34 patients with HATMD induced by masticatory myofascial pain but not by temporomandibular arthralgia. Facial pain intensity, the pressure pain threshold of pericranial muscles, and maximum unassisted opening of the jaw were assessed at an initial examination and before and after physical therapy. The intensity and frequency of headache episodes and tooth contact ratio were also recorded before and after the intervention. Headache intensity and frequency significantly decreased, and these reductions were temporally related to improvements in facial pain intensity, maximum unassisted opening, and pressure pain threshold during TMD treatment. Linear regression analysis showed significant correlations between facial pain intensity and headache intensity and between tooth contact ratio and pressure pain threshold. Among patients who fulfilled the DC/TMD and ICHD-3 beta diagnostic criteria for HATMD, headache improved during TMD treatment, and the improvement was temporally related to amelioration of TMD symptoms. These findings suggest that sensitization in the central and peripheral nervous systems is responsible for HATMD. (J Oral Sci 58, 195-204, 2016)

著者

Hideki Origuchi Haruki Itoh Shin-ichi Momomura Ryuji Nohara Hiroyuki Daida Takashi Masuda Masahiro Kohzuki Shigeru Makita Kenji Ueshima Masatoshi Nagayama Kazuto Omiya Hitoshi Adachi Yoichi Goto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-19-0650, (Released:2020-02-08)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

17

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Background:There is little evidence regarding the effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on exercise capacity or the long-term prognosis in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This study aimed to determine whether participation in outpatient CR improves exercise capacity and long-term prognosis in post-CABG Japanese patients in a multicenter cohort.Methods and Results:We enrolled 346 post-CABG patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing during early (2–3 weeks) and late (3–6 months) time points after surgery. They formed the Active (n=240) and Non-Active (n=106) CR participation groups and were followed for 3.5 years. Primary endpoint was a major adverse cardiac event (MACE): all-cause death or rehospitalization for acute myocardial infarction/unstable angina/worsening heart failure. Peak oxygen uptake at 3–5 months from baseline was significantly more increased in Active than in Non-Active patients (+26±24% vs. +19±20%, respectively; P<0.05), and the MACE rate was significantly lower in Active than Non-Active patients (3.4% vs. 10.5%, respectively; P=0.02). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that participation in outpatient CR was a significant prognostic determinant of MACE (P=0.03).Conclusions:This unique study showed that a multicenter cohort of patients who underwent CABG and actively participated in outpatient CR exhibited greater improvement in exercise capacity and better survival without cardiovascular events than their counterparts who did not participate.

著者

Ju-mei Liu Zhi-hua Bao Wei-wei Cao Jing-jing Han Jun Zhao Zhen-zhong Kang Li-xin Wang Ji Zhao

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.ME19098, 2020 (Released:2020-01-23)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

11

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The pmoA gene, encoding particulate methane monooxygenase in methanotrophs, and nirS and nirK genes, encoding bacterial nitrite reductases, were examined in the root and rhizosphere sediment of three common emergent macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Scirpus triqueter) and unvegetated sediment from eutrophic Wuliangsuhai Lake in China. Sequencing analyses indicated that 334 out of 351 cloned pmoA sequences were phylogenetically the most closely related to type I methanotrophs (Gammaproteobacteria), and Methylomonas denitrificans-like organisms accounted for 44.4% of the total community. In addition, 244 out of 250 cloned nirS gene sequences belonged to type I methanotrophs, and 31.2% of nirS genes were the most closely related to paddy rice soil clone SP-2-12 in Methylomonas of the total community. Three genera of type I methanotrophs, Methylomonas, Methylobacter, and Methylovulum, were common in both pmoA and nirS clone libraries in each sample. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that the copy numbers of the nirS and nirK genes were significantly higher in rhizosphere sediments than in unvegetated sediments in P. australis and T. angustifolia plants. In the same sample, the nirS gene copy number was significantly higher than that of nirK. Furthermore, type I methanotrophs were localized in the root tissues according to catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH). Thus, nirS-carrying type I methanotrophs were enriched in macrophyte root and rhizosphere sediment and are expected to play important roles in carbon/nitrogen cycles in a eutrophic wetland.

著者

edited by Anna Akasoy Charles Burnett Ronit Yoeli-Tlalim

出版者

Ashgate

巻号頁・発行日

2011

著者

Diego Fernando GARCIA-DIAZ Patricia LOPEZ-LEGARREA Pablo QUINTERO Jose Alfredo MARTINEZ

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.6, pp.367-379, 2014 (Released:2015-04-06)

参考文献数

115

被引用文献数

16 76

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Obesity has emerged as one of the major health threats worldwide. Moreover, an excessive body fat accumulation, which defines this disease, could lead to several associated clinical manifestations such as cardiovascular events, type 2 diabetes, inflammation, and some types of cancer. The appearance of these co-morbidities has been often related to an unbalanced oxidative stress. Therefore, antioxidant-based treatments could be considered as interesting approaches to possibly counteract obesity fat accumulation complications. In this context, it has been observed that vitamin C intake (ascorbic acid) is negatively associated with the occurrence of several conditions such as hypertension, gallbladder disease, stroke, cancers, and atherosclerosis, and also with the onset of obesity in humans and animals. Among the possible beneficial effects of ascorbic acid on obesity-related mechanisms, it has been suggested that this vitamin may: (a) modulate adipocyte lipolysis; (b) regulate the glucocorticoid release from adrenal glands; (c) inhibit glucose metabolism and leptin secretion on isolated adipocytes; (d) lead to an improvement in hyperglycemia and decrease glycosylation in obese-diabetic models; and (e) reduce the inflammatory response. Possibly, all these features could be related with the outstanding antioxidant characteristics of this vitamin. Thus, the present article reviews the up-to-date evidence regarding in vitro and in vivo effects of vitamin C in obesity and its co-morbidities.

著者

Kenichi Kusunoki Ken-ichiro Arai Hanako Y. Inoue Chusei Fujiwara

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.234-237, 2019 (Released:2019-11-15)

参考文献数

23

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On 11 December 2012, a wind gust caused an F0-intensity wind damage in the Shonai area, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. This paper provides an overview of an anticyclonic misocyclone (i.e., anticyclonic circulation in the Doppler velocity) related to a wind gust from X-band Doppler radar data. The anticyclonic misocyclone was embedded within a cell with a spiral echo diameter of approximately 3-4 km. The misocyclone over the Sea of Japan moved southeastward at a speed of 11 m s−1, made landfall, and passed over the damaged area; this timing is consistent with the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) wind damage assessment. Over the damaged area, the diameter of the misocyclone in the Doppler velocity was estimated to be smaller than 893 m, and the peak tangential wind speed and the vorticity of the vortex were estimated to be at least 8 m s−1 and −3.6 × 10−2 sec−1, respectively. This study discusses various possible explanations for the relationship between the misocyclone and wind gust and provides a first overview of a wintertime anticyclonic misocyclone associated with a surface wind gust on the coast of the Sea of Japan and may provide useful insights to the understanding of wintertime vortices.

著者

Hanako Y. Inoue Kenichi Kusunoki Toru Adachi Chusei Fujiwara Naoki Ishitsu Ken-ichiro Arai

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.228-233, 2019 (Released:2019-11-12)

参考文献数

24

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The characteristics and finescale evolution of misovortices within a snowband were examined using low-level high-resolution single- and dual-Doppler radar analysis. From 02:00 to 06:00 JST on 17 January 2017, many misovortices developed within three snowbands in the Japan Sea coastal region. The vortices developed along the shear line between the offshore north-northwesterly and the coastal northeasterly. As discussed in several previous studies of misovortices along airmass boundaries, horizontal shearing instability was considered to be a possible mechanism responsible for misovortex formation. A detailed investigation was performed on the most distinct snowband and misovortices embedded within it. Dual-Doppler analysis revealed a detailed behavior of vortex during merger, such as the morphological change from quasi-circular to elliptical shape, and the counterclockwise rotation which caused high-amplitude inflection of the shear line in less than 10 minutes. During the decay stage, the vortices weakened along with weakening convergence. The results suggest that evolution of the misovortex appears to have been closely tied to the low-level convergence within the vortex.