著者

谷中 瞳 峯島 宏次 Pascual Martínez-Gómez 戸次 大介

出版者

一般社団法人 言語処理学会

雑誌

自然言語処理 (ISSN:13407619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.295-324, 2018-06-15 (Released:2018-09-15)

参考文献数

45

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文と文がどのような意味的関係にあるかという文間の関連性の計算は,情報検索や文書分類,質問応答などの自然言語処理の基盤を築く重要な技術である.文の意味をベクトルや数値で表現する手法は未だ発展途上であり,自然言語処理分野においては,様々な機械学習による手法が活発に研究されている.これらの手法では,文字や単語を単位としたベクトルを入力として,それらの表層的な出現パターンとその振る舞いを学習することで,文ベクトルを獲得している.しかし,否定表現を含む文など,文の構造的意味を正確に表現できるかは自明ではない.一方で,形式意味論においては,表現力の高い高階論理に基づいて意味の分析を行う研究が発展しているが,文間の関連性のような,連続的な意味的関係を表現することが困難である.そこで本研究では,機械学習と論理推論という二つの手法を組み合わせて文間の関連性を計算する手法を提案する.具体的には,文間の含意関係を高階論理の推論によって判定するシステムの実行過程から,文間の関連性に寄与する特徴を抽出し,文間の関連性を学習する.文間類似度学習と含意関係認識という2つの自然言語処理タスクに関して提案手法の評価を行った結果,推論の過程に関する情報を特徴量に用いることによって,いずれのタスクにおいても精度が向上した.また,含意関係認識用データセットの一つであるSICKデータセットの評価では,最高精度を達成した.

著者

Hajime ASADA Osamu ICHII Hirotaka TOMIYASU Kazuyuki UCHIDA James K. CHAMBERS Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO Koichi OHNO Yasuhiro KON Hajime TSUJIMOTO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-0419, (Released:2019-01-18)

被引用文献数

1

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The mutations of TP53 gene are frequently observed in canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS). The objective of this study was to examine the distribution of tumor cells with TP53 gene mutations. Tumor tissues were divided into three or four regions and TP53 gene mutations were examined. TP53 gene mutations were detected only in parts of the HS tissues from six of the eight dogs, and the frequency of the mutant allele varied (0–65%) among the tumor regions. This study suggests that canine HS can exhibit intratumor heterogeneity. Further studies are needed to examine the clinical significance of the intratumor heterogeneity of TP53 gene mutations.

著者

Naofumi Yoshida Kengo Sasaki Daisuke Sasaki Tomoya Yamashita Hajime Fukuda Tomohiro Hayashi Tokiko Tabata Ro Osawa Ken-ichi Hirata Akihiko Kondo

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.47415, (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

24

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Aim: Bacteroides vulgatus and B. dorei have a protective effect against atherosclerosis, suggesting that expansion of these species in the gut microbiota could help patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistant starch (RS) on the gut microbiota and its metabolites in fecal sample cultures from patients with CAD and individuals without CAD, using a single-batch fermentation system.Methods: Fecal samples from 11 patients with CAD and 10 individuals without CAD were fermented for 30 h with or without RS in the Kobe University Human Intestinal Microbiota Model (KUHIMM). Gut microbiota and the abundance of B. vulgatus and B. dorei were analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Short-chain fatty acids were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: Gut microbial analysis showed significantly lower levels of B. vulgatus and B. dorei in the original fecal samples from patients with CAD, which was simulated after 30 h of fermentation in the KUHIMM. Although RS significantly increased the absolute numbers of B. vulgatus and B. dorei, and butyrate levels in CAD fecal sample cultures, the numbers varied among each patient.Conclusions: The effect of RS on gut microbiota and its metabolites in the KUHIMM varied between CAD and non-CAD fecal sample cultures. The KUHIMM may be useful for preclinical evaluations of the effects of RS on the gut microbiota and its metabolites.

著者

Yoko Nomura Toshio Sasaki Hyung-Been Kang Ryuichi Suwa

出版者

The Society of Fiber Science and Technology, Japan

雑誌

Journal of Fiber Science and Technology (ISSN:21897654)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.11, pp.317-326, 2017-11-10 (Released:2017-11-28)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

1

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Okinawa Island is part of the Ryukyu Islands located in southern Japan. Basho-fu is a unique and traditional Okinawan textile made from the banana plant Itobasho. The traditional production process of Bashofu has not been well studied scientifically. In this study, materials from the traditional degumming process (Udaki) of Basho-fu were characterized by morphological observation and other analytical instruments (FT-IR and XRD). The fiber materials degummed by the traditional and the modern laboratory methods were compared. The vascular bundles of the main component of Basho-fu fibers were conserved in the materials processed by the two degumming methods. However the FT-IR study indicated that the traditional method was milder than the laboratory process. The results scientifically confirms that the delicate traditional degumming step is a crucial process in the production of the fine Basho-fu textiles.

著者

Hiroyuki Kikuchi Keisuke Kuwahara Kosuke Kiyohara Ester Villalonga-Olives Naomi Brewer Abimbola Aman-Oloniyo Pradeep Aggarwal María Clara Restrepo-Méndez Azusa Hara Masako Kakizaki Yuka Akiyama Kazunari Onishi Kayo Kurotani Maho Haseda Shiho Amagasa Isao Oze

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180184, (Released:2018-10-06)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

9

著者

Mariko Harada-Shiba John J.P. Kastelein G. Kees Hovingh Kausik K. Ray Akira Ohtake Osamu Arisaka Takao Ohta Tomoo Okada Hideki Suganami Albert Wiegman

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.42242, (Released:2017-11-29)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

17

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Aim: Children with Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) are widely prescribed statins, and it has been suggested that the effects of statins differ among ethnicities. We compared the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin in children and adolescents with FH in clinical trials conducted in Japan and Europe.

著者

Jun IWAMOTO Tsuyoshi TAKEDA Yoshihiro SATO Chwan-Li SHEN James K. YEH

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.3, pp.R3, 2018 (Released:2018-07-30)

被引用文献数

1

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The following articles have been retracted by the Editorial Board of Experimental Animals, because some parts of their contents were published elsewhere.

著者

Lin Chen Lu Wang Tim Li De-Zheng Sun

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.126-131, 2018 (Released:2018-09-12)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

11

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The study presents the contrasting characteristics of cloud-radiative feedbacks to the cold tongue (CT) and warm pool (WP) El Niño (EN). The maximum sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) of the CT-EN are located in the far-eastern Pacific. However, the maximum responses of the shortwave- and longwave- cloud-radiative forcing (SWCRF and LWCRF) to the CT-EN warming are centered near the dateline, showing 70° westward shift relative to the maximum SSTA center of CT-WN. In contrast, the maximum responses of the SWCRF and LWCRF to the WP-EN warming show only slight westward shift relative to the maximum SSTA center. The contrasting cloud-radiative feedbacks to the two types of ENs can be traced back to the contrasting precipitation feedbacks, which is associated with the convection threshold. When the warm SSTA of CT-EN occurs in the relatively cold eastern Pacific, the total SST in-situ may not exceed the convection threshold. Therefore, the induced precipitation anomaly would occur towards the warm western Pacific, and the corresponding cloud cover and cloud-radiative feedbacks would exhibit an apparent westward shift. As the warm SSTA of WP-EN occurs in the relatively warm central Pacific, the corresponding responses of the anomalous fields to the WP-EN show only slight westward displacement.

著者

Tamio Teramoto Makiko Usami Yoshiharu Takagi Marie T. Baccara-Dinet for the ODYSSEY Japan Investigators

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.45070, (Released:2018-08-01)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

9

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Aim: To examine the efficacy and safety of alirocumab in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia with or without diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: Patients (n=216) with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (heFH), non-FH at high cardiovascular risk with coronary artery disease (CAD), or category III (primary prevention) were enrolled; 148 (68.5%) patients had a diagnosis of DM at baseline. Patients were randomized (2:1), with stratification factor (heFH, non-FH), to alirocumab (75 mg every 2 weeks [Q2W] with increase to 150 mg if week 8 LDL-C was above predefined limits) or placebo subcutaneously for 52 weeks on top of stable statin therapy.Results: At Week 24, least square (LS) mean±standard error changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration from baseline in alirocumab-treated patients were -63.1±1.6% and -60.8±2.7% in those with and without DM. These LDL-C reductions were maintained to Week 52: -63.0±1.6% (LS mean difference vs placebo -62.4±3.0%; P<0.0001) with DM and -61.3±2.8% (LS mean difference vs placebo -53.4±4.0%; P<0.0001) without DM. The most common adverse events in the alirocumab group were nasopharyngitis, back pain, injection site reaction, and fall. No particular safety signals or concerns were noted between DM and non-DM groups at 52 weeks. A dose-increase in alirocumab from 75 to 150 mg Q2W was necessary in two heFH patients, neither of whom had DM.Conclusions: In high-cardiovascular-risk Japanese patients with hypercholesterolemia on stable statin therapy, alirocumab produced substantial and sustained LDL-C reductions throughout the 52-week study regardless of DM status at baseline, with a similar safety profile to placebo.

著者

西野 麻知子 大高 明史 池田 実 大和 茂之 川勝 正治 丹羽 信彰 遠山 裕子 WANG Hong-Zhu CUI Yong-De WANG Zhi-Young CHEN Rong-Bin CHEN Rung-Tsung WU Shi-Kuei PONCE Leonrodrigo VOLONTERIO Odile

出版者

滋賀県琵琶湖環境科学研究センター

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

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日本に侵入したと推測されるカワリヌマエビ属を遺伝解析した結果、2つのクレードに分かれた。クレードIは日本在来亜種ミナミヌマエビと分布域が重なったが、クレードIIは日本と中国の両方にみられた。雄の外部形態からも、前者は在来、後者は外来種と判断された。日本の4地点では両クレードが混在し、外来種との交雑による遺伝子撹乱の可能性が示された。聞き取り結果と合わせると、日本のカワリヌマエビ属は中国の華中・華北地域、近年、兵庫県で発見された共生種ヒルミミズは華中地域から導入された可能性が高い。

著者

Ryohei MISUMI Namiko SAKURAI Takeshi MAESAKA Shin-ichi SUZUKI Shingo SHIMIZU Koyuru IWANAMI

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96A, pp.51-66, 2018 (Released:2018-02-19)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

4

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Convective storms are frequently initiated over mountains under weak synoptic forcing conditions. However, the initiation process of such convective storms is not well understood due to a lack of observations, especially the transition process from non-precipitating cumuli to precipitating convective clouds. To investigate the initiation process, we conducted observations around the mountains in the Kanto region, Japan on 18 August 2011 using a 35 GHz (Ka-band) Doppler radar and a pair of digital cameras. The evolution of convective clouds was classified into three stages: convective clouds visible but not detected by the Ka-band radar (stage 0), convective clouds detectable by the Ka-band radar with reflectivity below 15 dBZ (stage 1), and convective clouds accompanied by descending echoes corresponding to precipitation (stage 2). During the transition process from stage 1 to stage 2, weak radar echoes rose to the higher level and reflectivity rapidly increased. This phenomenon suggests that drizzle particles produced in a preexisting convective cloud were lifted by a newly developed updraft, and raindrops were formed rapidly by coalescence of the drizzle particles and cloud droplets. This hypothetical process explains the precipitation echo formation in the lower layer frequently observed in the mountainous area in the Kanto region.

著者

Rosalia AVILA-TAPIES

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.174-188, 1995-04-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

4 6 4

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There are many studies on Japanese internal migration, however the movements of foreigners living in Japan have not been studied specifically until now, in part due to data unavailability. This study tries to clarify the in- and out-migration patterns of the Japanese and foreign population living in the centre of a metropolis, selecting as a research area the Ikuno Ward in Osaka city. Ikuno Ward has been losing population since the 1960's (see graph), and it is distinguished by the existence of an important and stable Korean community (a quarter of the total population), whose origin goes back to the colonial times.The data was gathered from the residential change forms in Ikuno's ward office. The study covers the period of March, April and May of 1993, and the subjects are 3, 078 out-migrants and 2, 603 in-migrants, accounting for in each case about 32% of all the migrants from and to Ikuno Ward in that year. The data collected is: gender, type of migration (individual or family), age, and destination or origin of the flows.Out-migration (see Table 1):(1) In both populations out-migrants are short-distance migrants, and about 76% of them moved within the metropolitan area of Osaka. This figure refers to the internal migration. However, the foreigners, who in this case can be considered Koreans, either tend to remain more in the city, mainly in the sourrounding areas where important Korean populations exist, or moved out to the central wards. In addition, there is a significant migration of foreigners to big cities such as Kobe and Kyoto. The outstanding Japanese sectoral bias out-migration toward the east (Nara Prefecture) related to the purchase of a home is unimportant to foreigners, and the suburbanization phenomenon is less evident. At the national level, the foreigners' out-migration to Eastern Japan is far more important than to Western Japan. Therefore they break the East-West cultural division that is visible in the Japanese migration flows.(2) Mobility in terms of gender is substantially higher among men, and more noticeable among Japanese. The sex ratio of out-migrants to the metropolitan area is the same for both populations (about 99), however for the rest of Japan it increases, especially for the Japanese migrating to Eastern Japan.(3) In general, individual migration is higher for foreigners except in the case of the Japanese migrating to Eastern Japan.(4) The Japanese migrants of different ages exhibit clearly different patters of destination choice, while for the Koreans it is not so clear.In-migration (see Table 2) and net migration:There is a negative net migration for both populations. There is a larger percentage of foreigners in-migrating from the metropolitan area, principally from the rest of Osaka Prefecture to Ikuno Ward (positive net migration). The in-migration from Eastern Japan is comparatively higher for foreigners also. For the Japanese, the in-migration from the rest of Western Japan is a major flow (positive net migration). The sex ratio is higher for foreigners particularly for those coming from outside the Metropolitan Area. Ikuno Ward is a net gainer of mainly female, young, individual Japanese migrants from Western Japan.The author believes that the destination choice process varies not only with the migrant's age and gender, but also with its ethnic and cultural characteristics. In this case, restrictions in employment and housing opportunities for Koreans are probably important factors for the difference in migration patterns. Moreover, more qualitative research is needed in geography on the ethnic groups' differential spatial perceptions and migration decision-making process.

著者

Naoto Takahashi Jun-ichi Omata Masumi Iwabuchi Hironari Fukuda Osamu Shirado

出版者

THE FUKUSHIMA SOCIETY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE

雑誌

FUKUSHIMA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (ISSN:00162590)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.8-15, 2017 (Released:2017-04-28)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

21

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Therapy for chronic, nonspecific low back pain is mainly conservative: medication and/or exercise. Pharmacotherapy, however, has side effects, and the quantities of concomitant drugs in older persons require attention. Although exercise promises improved function, its use to alleviate pain is controversial. Thus, we compared the efficacy of pharmacotherapy versus exercise for treating chronic nonspecific low back pain. The pharmacotherapy group (n=18: 8 men, 10 women) were prescribed celecoxib monotherapy. The exercise group (n=22: 10 men, 12 women) undertook stretching exercises. Because of drop-outs, the NSAID group (n=15: 7 men, 8 women) and the exercise group (n =18: 8 men, 10 women) were finally analyzed. We applied a visual analog scale, Roland–Morris disability scores, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. We used a paired t-test for within-group analyses and an unpaired t-test for between-group analyses. Pain relief was achieved after 3 months of pharmacotherapy or exercise. Quality of life improved only in the exercise group. Recovery outcomes for the two groups were not significantly different. Efficacy of exercise therapy for strictly defined low back pain was almost equivalent to that of pharmacotherapy and provided better quality of life.

著者

ACHARYA Chakra Pani LEON-GONZALEZ Roberto

出版者

GRIPS Policy Research Center

雑誌

GRIPS Discussion Papers

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18-01, 2018-05

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We examine the impact of remittances on economic growth using panel data (1975-2014) for 18 countries in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) that are similar in size and development level. We allow for heterogeneous production functions across countries and calculate the average marginal effects of remittances using the panel dynamic ordinary least squares estimator. The estimation results show that remittances increase growth significantly, especially through investments in human capital. In addition we find that: (i) remittances have a modest impact on growth when controlling for physical and human capital channels through which remittances potentially affect output growth; (ii) when we do not control for human capital the effect is larger regardless of the sub-samples considered − the elasticity of output with respect to remittances is 7.3 percent in the full sample, and 18.6 percent among Asian countries; (iii) remittances have a significant positive long-run effect on human capital formation regardless of the sub-samples considered but the effect on physical capital accumulation is significant only among middle income and Asian countries. The findings suggest that channeling the remittances towards investments in physical capital and adoption of new knowledge, skills and technology is crucial for high economic growth in low income countries.

著者

Hyeun-Woo Choi Jongmin Lee Sangyong Lee Jioun Choi Kwansub Lee Byung-Kon Kim Gook-Joo Kim

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.1079-1081, 2017 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

2 18

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[Purpose] This study examined the effects of High Intensity Laser Therapy on pain and function of patients with chronic back pain. [Subjects and Methods] This study evenly divided a total of 20 patients with chronic back pain into a conservative physical therapy group that received conservative physical therapy, and a high intensity laser therapy group that received High Intensity Laser Therapy after conservative physical therapy. All patients received the therapy three times a week for four weeks. For the high intensity laser therapy group, treatment was applied to the L1–L5 and S1 regions for 10 minutes by using a high intensity laser device while vertically maintaining the separation distance from handpiece to skin at approximately 1 cm. A visual analog scale was used to measure the pain and Oswestry Disability Index was used for functional evaluation. [Results] In a within-group comparison of the conservative physical therapy and high intensity laser therapy groups, both the visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index significantly decreased. In a between-group comparison after treatment, the high intensity laser therapy group showed a significantly lower visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index than the conservative physical therapy group. [Conclusion] High Intensity Laser Therapy can be an effective nonsurgical intervention method for reducing pain and helping the performance of daily routines of patients who have chronic back pain.

著者

Stéphane BÉLAIR Sylvie LEROYER Naoko SEINO Lubos SPACEK Vanh SOUVANLASSY Danahé PAQUIN-RICARD

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2018-011, (Released:2017-12-21)

被引用文献数

20

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Heavy precipitation fell over Tokyo in the afternoon of 26 August 2011, leading to flooding and major disruptions for the population, businesses, and authorities. Over 150 mm of precipitation was observed over the city center on that day, with hourly accumulations reaching values as high as 90 mm in late afternoon. Numerical forecasts of this case were performed with a 250-m grid spacing version of the Global Environmental Multi-scale (GEM) model in the context of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Convection Study (TOMACS). Although initialized only from a global 25-km upper-air analysis, results indicate that GEM is able to produce the intense precipitation over Tokyo at about the right location and time. A sensitivity test in which the urban surface scheme is switched off and replaced with tall grass suggests that the urban environment might have had considerable impact on precipitation intensity, but not on its occurrence or its timing. Based on diagnostics from the GEM integrations, the increased intensity of precipitation seems more related to an enhancement of lateral inflow of low-level moist static energy from Tokyo Bay than to augmented surface fluxes of heat and humidity from the city itself. The existence of low-level bands with locally high values of equivalent potential temperature indicates that the additional moist energy is distributed unevenly through the Tokyo area, an aspect of the simulation which is speculated to have directly contributed to the increase in precipitation intensity over the city.

著者

Ammour-Mayeur Olivier

出版者

国際基督教大学キリスト教と文化研究所

雑誌

人文科学研究(キリスト教と文化) = Humanities: Christianity and Culture (ISSN:00733938)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.ii-v, 159-186, 2017-12-15

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Si l’on fait le bilan, en 2017 encore, la photographie de paysage reste la mal aimée de l’analyse esthétique. Bien que les monographies, individuelles ou collectives, d’une grande qualité se soient multipliées du côté des ouvrages portant sur les photographes de paysages, les études théoriques sur le genre, elles, restent rares. À moins qu’il ne s’agisse de livres portant sur les techniques photographiques paysagères. Un peu comme si le paysage nécessitait un apprentissage particulier, sans pour autant atteindre à une esthétique singulière digne d’attention. En s’intéressant aux œuvres de Sophie de Roumanie, cet article entend porter un regard critique et théorique sur la question du paysage en photographie, en montrant en quoi ce genre, jusqu’à présent plutôt négligé, n’a rien d’un plat « exercice de style » pour photographe amateur, ni d’un simple succédané de la peinture de paysage qui dominait avant l’apparition de l’appareil photographique. S’il est établi depuis plusieurs décennies maintenant que la photographie représente bien un art en soi, il convient maintenant de regarder le genre paysager au plus près, afin d’en analyser les tenants esthétiques et poétiques.

著者

Dong-Hwan Oh Ji-Su Park Won-Jin Kim

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.11, pp.1974-1975, 2017 (Released:2017-11-22)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

13

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[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on lip strength and closure function of patients with dysphagia after stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Eight patients with dysphagia were recruited. NMES was applied to the orbicularis oris muscle. All the participants received NMES for 30 min/d, 5 d/wk, for 4 weeks. Lip strength was measured using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. To assess lip closure, the lip closure subitem of the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale was used. [Results] Lip strength showed significant improvement and lip closure function showed a significant decrease. [Conclusion] This study demonstrates that NMES is useful for improving lip strength and closure function.

著者

Shin-Jun Park Joong-San Wang

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.12, pp.2212-2214, 2017 (Released:2017-12-13)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

9

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[Purpose] This study was conducted to compare the immediate effects of different electrotherapies on the gait parameters for stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty patients with stroke were randomly assigned either to the functional electrical stimulation group or the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group, with 15 patients in each group. Each electrotherapy was performed for 30 minutes simultaneously with the therapeutic exercise, and the changes in the spatial and temporal parameters of gait were measured. [Results] After the intervention, a significant, immediate improvement in cadence and speed was observed only in the functional electrical stimulation group. [Conclusion] Based on this study, functional electrical stimulation that stimulates motor nerves of the dorsiflexor muscles on the paretic side is recommended to achieve immediate improvement in the gait ability of stroke patients.

著者

Altayyeb Yousef Zachary MacDonald Trevor Simard Juan J. Russo Joshua Feder Michael V. Froeschl Alexander Dick Christopher Glover Ian G. Burwash Azeem Latib Josep Rodés-Cabau Marino Labinaz Benjamin Hibbert

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-0672, (Released:2017-12-28)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

14

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Background:Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the standard of care for management of high-risk patients with aortic stenosis. Limited data is available regarding the performance of TAVI in patients with native aortic valve regurgitation (NAVR).Methods and Results:We performed a systematic review from 2002 to 2016. The primary outcome was device success as per VARC-2 criteria. Secondary endpoints included procedural complications, and 30-day and 1-year mortality rates. A total of 175 patients were included from 31 studies. Device success was reported in 86.3% of patients – with device failure driven by moderate aortic regurgitation (AR ≥3+) and/or need for a second device. Procedural complications were rare, with no procedural deaths, myocardial infarctions or annular ruptures reported. Procedural safety was acceptable with a low 30-day incidence of stroke (1.5%). The 30-day and 1-year overall mortality rates were 9.6% and 20.0% (cardiovascular death, 3.8% and 10.1%, respectively). Patients receiving 2nd-generation valves demonstrated similar safety profiles with greater device success compared with 1st-generation valves (96.2% vs. 78.4%). This was driven by the higher incidence of second-valve implantation (23.4% vs. 1.7%) and significant paravalvular leak (8.3% vs. 0.0%).Conclusions:TAVI demonstrates acceptable safety and efficacy in high-risk patients with severe NAVR. Second-generation valves may afford a similar safety profile with improved device success. Dedicated studies are needed to definitively establish the efficacy of TAVI in this population.