著者

佐藤 晃由 K. T. Yang

出版者

社団法人 日本流体力学会

雑誌

日本流体力学会誌「ながれ」 (ISSN:02863154)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.81-87, 2000-04-30 (Released:2011-08-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

著者

Ajeng K. Pramono Hirokazu Kuwahara Takehiko Itoh Atsushi Toyoda Akinori Yamada Yuichi Hongoh

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ME16175, (Released:2017-03-17)

被引用文献数

21 29

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Termites depend nutritionally on their gut microbes, and protistan, bacterial, and archaeal gut communities have been extensively studied. However, limited information is available on viruses in the termite gut. We herein report the complete genome sequence (99,517 bp) of a phage obtained during a genome analysis of “Candidatus Azobacteroides pseudotrichonymphae” phylotype ProJPt-1, which is an obligate intracellular symbiont of the cellulolytic protist Pseudotrichonympha sp. in the gut of the termite Prorhinotermes japonicus. The genome of the phage, designated ProJPt-Bp1, was circular or circularly permuted, and was not integrated into the two circular chromosomes or five circular plasmids composing the host ProJPt-1 genome. The phage was putatively affiliated with the order Caudovirales based on sequence similarities with several phage-related genes; however, most of the 52 protein-coding sequences had no significant homology to sequences in the databases. The phage genome contained a tRNA-Gln (CAG) gene, which showed the highest sequence similarity to the tRNA-Gln (CAA) gene of the host “Ca. A. pseudotrichonymphae” phylotype ProJPt-1. Since the host genome lacked a tRNA-Gln (CAG) gene, the phage tRNA gene may compensate for differences in codon usage bias between the phage and host genomes. The phage genome also contained a non-coding region with high nucleotide sequence similarity to a region in one of the host plasmids. No other phage-related sequences were found in the host ProJPt-1 genome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a phage from an obligate, mutualistic endosymbiont permanently associated with eukaryotic cells.

著者

F. Estelle R. Simons Ledit R. F. Ardusso M. Veatrice Bilo Yehia M. El-Gamal Dennis K. Ledford Johannes Ring Mario Sanchez-Borges Gian Enrico Senna Aziz Sheikh Bernard Y. Thong 海老澤 元宏 伊藤 浩明 岡本 美孝 塩原 哲夫 谷口 正実 永田 真 平田 博国 山口 正雄 Ruby Pawankar

出版者

一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会

雑誌

アレルギー (ISSN:00214884)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.11, pp.1464-1500, 2013-11-30 (Released:2017-02-10)

被引用文献数

5

著者

RIESENHUBE K. 長町 裕司 オロリッシュ J?C 荻野 弘之 川村 信三 佐藤 直子 大谷 啓治

出版者

上智大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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本研究は西欧ラテン中世盛期・後期スコラ学におけるアリストテレスの知性論・霊魂論の受容・解釈史を解明することを課題とした。方法的に、アリストテレス『霊魂論』解釈の手がかりとなったそのアラブ哲学註解、特にアヴィセンナとアヴェロエス、また多大な影響を及ぼした新プラトン主義的精神理解、特に『原因論』、さらにアウグスディヌスの意識論的精神論との関係を研究の視野に入れることになった。本研究では『霊魂論』の解釈史の中で以下の諸段階と諸学派を区別することができた。1.13世紀前半ではアリストテレスの知性論は、アヴィセンナに従って理解され、能動知性が拒否されることもあれば、アウグスティヌスの照明説と結びつけて能動知性が神と同一視される(オックフォード学派)など広く異なった試みが見られる。2.1250〜70年代、1252年パリ大学学芸学部で『霊魂論』が教材として採用される時点から始まるラテン・アヴェロエス主義の、そのパリでの禁令書に至る、この中心的な時期において、(1)アルベルトゥス・マグヌス、(2)ブラバンのシゲルス、(3)ボナヴェントゥラ、(4)特にトマス・アクィナスにおける能動知性・可能知性の諸解釈の発展と絡み合って身体と霊魂の差異がアウグスティヌス主義的に理解される一方、知性と霊魂が同一視され、霊魂と身体の実体的一致が積極的に新しい人間論に向かって展開されるが(アルベルトゥス、トマス)、その際アヴェロエスの新プラトン主義的な知性単一説との討論が原動力となった。3.1280〜1300年の過渡期においてラテン・アヴェロエス主義的知性論が至福論との関係において初めて体系的に発展する。4.1300〜30年ではアヴェロエス主義の知性論がパリからパドヴァとボローニャへと移り、知性単一説を基盤にした統一的なアリストテレス解釈が推し進められる一方、ケルンのドミニコ会学派でフライベルクのディートリヒによって能動知性論とアウグスティヌスの心理学的精神論が結びつけられた上、エックハルトが魂の造られざる根底という概念を基盤にドイツ神秘思想を知性論的に基礎づける。5.14世紀半ばから15世紀前半では形而上学的能動知性論の前提たる抽象説は、一方で唯名論的・経験論的に平面化され解消され、他方で15世紀前半のプラトン受容に伴って自己認識論によって乗り越えられ、近世の主体概念の先駆的形が見られる。6.16世紀前半のイタリアのアヴェロエス主義とトマス学派の間に霊魂不滅が議論の新しい焦点となる。

著者

Soumyadeep PAUL Wei-Lun HSU Mirco MAGNINI Lachlan R. MASON Yusuke ITO Ya-Lun HO Omar K. MATAR Hirofumi DAIGUJI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers and The Heat Transfer Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Thermal Science and Technology (ISSN:18805566)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.JTST0007, 2021 (Released:2021-01-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

4

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The increasing demands of computational power have accelerated the development of 3D circuits in the semiconductor industry. To resolve the accompanying thermal issues, two-phase microchannel heat exchangers using have emerged as one of the promising solutions for cooling purposes. However, the direct boiling in microchannels and rapid bubble growth give rise to highly unstable heat flux on the channel walls. In this regard, it is hence desired to control the supply of vapor bubbles for the elimination of the instability. In this research, we investigate a controllable bubble generation technique, which is capable of periodically producing bubble seeds at the sub-micron scale. These nanobubbles were generated in a solid-state nanopore filled with a highly concentrated electrolyte solution. As an external electric field was applied, the localized Joule heating inside the nanopore initiated the homogeneous bubble nucleation. The bubble dynamics was analyzed by measuring the ionic current variation through the nanopore during the bubble nucleation and growth. Meanwhile, we theoretically examined the bubble growth and collapse inside the nanopore by a moving boundary model. In both approaches, we demonstrated that by altering the pore size, the available sensible heat for the bubble growth can be manipulated, thereby offering the controllability of the bubble size. This unique characteristic renders nanopores suitable as a nanobubble emitter for microchannel heat exchangers, paving the way for the next generation microelectronic cooling applications.

著者

Masayuki Takigawa Prabir K. Patra Yutaka Matsumi Surendra K. Dhaka Tomoki Nakayama Kazuyo Yamaji Mizuo Kajino Sachiko Hayashida

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.86-91, 2020 (Released:2020-05-27)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3 17

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The severe air pollution events continue to occur every year during late October and early November in Delhi, forcing air/land traffic disruptions and anxiety in the daily life of the citizens. We analyze the behaviors of the air pollution events in October and November 2019 that arose from the crop-residue burning as seen using remote sensing techniques. Transport pathways and the mean transit time from the fire hotspots are evaluated using the FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model). Our results suggest that the polluted regions in Delhi are partly influenced by the crop-residue burning. The uncertainty of our evaluation can be attributable to insufficient information on emission sources because the biomass burning emission based on daily-basis fire radiative power (FRP) of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometry (MODIS) is significantly degraded by the existence of hazy clouds. In future, it is desirable to establish a dense measurement network between Punjab and Delhi for the early detection of the source signals of aerosol emissions and their transport in this region. The FLEXPART model simulation shows the transport of emission signals from Punjab to Delhi, which further expands toward the Bengal region within a span of two days.

著者

隈 香央里 三浦 麻子 K. Kuma Asako Miura

雑誌

関西学院大学心理科学研究 (ISSN:21876355)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.7-18, 2014-03-25

著者

不動建設K.K.

出版者

理工図書

雑誌

建築界 (ISSN:04535014)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.11, 1965-11

著者

Julia M.L. Brotherton Kristine K. Macartney Etsuko Miyagi Jim P. Buttery

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.19, pp.2531-2531, 2015 (Released:2015-10-01)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

Kasahara S. Watashige T. Hanaguri T. Kohsaka Y. Yamashita T. Shimoyama Y. Mizukami Y. Endo R. Ikeda H. Aoyama K. Terashima T. Uji S. Wolf T. von Lohneysen H. Shibauchi T. Matsuda Y.

出版者

National Academy of Sciences

雑誌

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (ISSN:00278424)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.46, pp.16309-16313, 2014-11

被引用文献数

315

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「ボース・アインシュタイン凝縮に最も近い超伝導状態」を発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-11-05.

著者

里見 香奈 成田 健一 K. Satomi K. Narita

雑誌

関西学院大学心理科学研究 (ISSN:21876355)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.25-32, 2016-03-25

著者

Maki K. Yamada

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.79-81, 2016 (Released:2016-05-23)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

8

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Whole brain radiation therapy for the treatment of tumors can sometimes cause cognitive impairment. Memory deficits were noted in up to 50% of treated patients over a short period of several months. In addition, an increased rate of dementia in young patients has been noted over the longer term, i.e. years. A deficit in neurogenesis after irradiation has been postulated to be the main cause of cognitive decline in patients, but recent data on irradiation therapy for limited parts of the brain appear to indicate other possibilities. Irradiation can directly damage various types of cells other than neuronal stem cells. However, this paper will focus on injury to brain vasculature leading to cognitive decline since vessels represent a better therapeutic target for drug development than other cells in the brain because of the blood-brain barrier.

著者

ニシオ ハリー K. 竹中 和郎

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.73-90, 1969-07-30

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The social sciences, sociology in particular, have aimed to develop an empirically-verifiable body of theory through application of the structural-functional analysis of social action in general. Functional sociologists, whether they be the Grand Theorists or Middle-range Theorists, have therefore concerned themselves with "objective" and "scientific" investigation of phenomena, rejecting metaphysical as well as positivistic interpretations of social reality. While the voluntaristic theory of social action caught the imagination of sociologists articulating the theoretical position of sociology vis-a-vis social idealism, radical utilitarianism and Social Darwinism, a new, though somewhat "off-beat" sociological approach has begun to appear, challenging the theoretical foundation of systematic sociology in general. Ethnomethodology is one of such challenges posed upon against the Orthodox Sociology.<BR>Ethnomethodology finds its origin in the work of Alfred Schutz, an Austrian sociologist who wrote a three-volume work titled <I>Collective Papers</I>, in which most of his ideas are contained. His "subjective" approach to social action, tied with his interest in phenomenology, appealed to social scientists in New York and California. Included in this group of ethnomethodologists are Harold Garfinkel, Aron Cicourel, Peter Mcllugh, Marvin Scott and many young sociologists.<BR>What these sociologists aim to accomplish may be summarized in the following : 1) in the process of scientific enquiries, a priority should be given to the subjective aspect of social interaction based on mutual understanding and on the accepted "rules of the game", 2) instead of developing generalized rules <I>arbitarity</I> constructed by scientists, ethnomethodologists, by taking the position of social actors, attempt to understand not only the expressed symbolic interaction but also more subtle, unstated, unpredictable definitions of situations, 3) the ethnomethodologists treat the acting individuals not merely as "actors" but as "theorists" capable of defining the situation, impressing others in ways they desire and to some extent manipulating the given social structure to their advantage, and 4) in this type of observation, it is indispensable for the observer to react with those whom he analyses so as to enable him to identify the processes by which new shared knowledge and group experiences emerge and become sanctioned. In ethnomethodology, however, emphasis is upon <I>culturally unstated</I> social facts, rather than those formally institutionalized or stated. Because of this interest, ethnomethodologists tend to preoccupy themselves with many unusual, off-beat topics such as homosexuality, the social system of gamblers, social interaction in horse racing, etc. They are convinced that orthodox sociology is able to deal with only a very small portion of social reality which appears above the surface while a gigantic mass of unstated social interaction remaining beneath totally untouched. With this approach, E. Goff man attempts to analyse the communication processes which are primarily being "give-off" by the social performers. He uses a dramaturgical approach and cynically examines social interaction in terms of the performance that takes place in front or back of the curtain in relation to the audience. Aron Cicourel, articulating the theory of Harold Garfinkel, attempts to develop the theory-methodology of Ethnomethodology in his recent work by pointing out the theoretical, methodological shortcomings of the conventional survey methods.<BR>Ethnomethodology is still theoretically ambiguous and methodologically unclear to many. For one thing, where should we draw a line between ethnomethodology and social interactionist approach?

著者

P Arzberger P Schroeder A Beaulieu G Bowker K Casey L Laaksonen D Moorman P Uhlir P Wouters

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.135-152, 2004 (Released:2006-01-05)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

167 142

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Access to and sharing of data are essential for the conduct and advancement of science. This article argues that publicly funded research data should be openly available to the maximum extent possible. To seize upon advancements of cyberinfrastructure and the explosion of data in a range of scientific disciplines, this access to and sharing of publicly funded data must be advanced within an international framework, beyond technological solutions. The authors, members of an OECD Follow-up Group, present their research findings, based closely on their report to OECD, on key issues in data access, as well as operating principles and management aspects necessary to successful data access regimes.

著者

Kanetada NAGAMINE Hiroyuki K. M. TANAKA Satoshi N. NAKAMURA Katsuhiko ISHIDA Misao HASHIMOTO Akihiko SHINOTAKE Masaaki NAITO Asao HATANAKA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.7, pp.257-260, 2005 (Released:2005-11-07)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

15 31

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By using the detection system of the near-horizontal cosmic-ray radiography originally developed for probing inner structure of volcanic mountains, a measurement was conducted to probe the inner structure and its time-dependent change of the blast furnace for iron-making. Precise determination (±5 cm) of the thickness of brick used for both base-plate and side-wall was made in 45 days; a crucial information to predict a life-time of the furnace. Also, the local density of iron-rich part was determined in ±0.2 g/cm2 in 45 days; static structure as well as time-dependent behavior can be monitored for the iron-rich part of the furnace during operation. (Communicated by Kazuhiko NISHIJIMA, M.J.A.)

著者

Hattori T. Ihara Y. Nakai Y. Ishida K. Tada Y. Fujimoto S. Kawakami N. Osaki E. Deguchi K. Sato N. Satoh I.

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical Review Letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.6, 2012-02

被引用文献数

115

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磁石でありながら超伝導にもなる物質の超伝導発現の新しい仕組みを解明 -磁石が生み出す超伝導-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-02-07.

著者

BOSS P. K.

雑誌

Plant Cell

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.S18-S31, 2004

被引用文献数

16 517

著者

Ikuko MAEDA Akemi K. HORIGANE Mitsuru YOSHIDA Yoshihiro AIKAWA

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.107-116, 2009 (Released:2009-06-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

11 16

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to observe water diffusion within two kinds of buckwheat noodles (marunuki, sarashina) and one kind of wheat noodle during boiling and holding. The apparent diffusion coefficients for water were statistically estimated with Fick's second law using a rectangular cylinder model, and the changes in moisture distribution in buckwheat and wheat noodles were compared quantitatively. Apparent diffusion coefficients of water in noodles during boiling were 4 to 7 × 10–6 cm2/sec. The diffusion coefficients of water in buckwheat noodles during boiling were higher than those in wheat noodles. For each noodle, the diffusion coefficient during holding after boiling was 2 to 3 × 10–7 cm2/sec and constant through the holding time, from 30 to 120 min. The diffusion coefficients in buckwheat noodles during holding were lower than those in wheat noodles. These results show that, as compared with wheat noodles, buckwheat noodles cooked more rapidly and lost favorable texture during holding.

著者

Athira S. VARIAR N. R. ANOOP P. A. VINAYAN P. A. AJAYAN N. S. SUJIN Askar ALI P. K. PRASADAN M. K. SMIJA Santhanakrishnan BABU

出版者

The Ornithological Society of Japan

雑誌

ORNITHOLOGICAL SCIENCE (ISSN:13470558)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.185-199, 2021 (Released:2021-07-31)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

2

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Understanding the patterns and drivers of bird species composition and diversity outside Protected Area networks is essential to develop landscape-level conservation strategies. The Western Ghats' coffee plantations of India form an important agro-ecosystem and help maintain a significant portion of regional avian diversity. However, knowledge of the composition and functional diversity of birds in differently managed coffee plantation is lacking from the Western Ghats. In this study, we compared the composition and functional diversity of resident birds between shade and open coffees plantations. We counted 3,846 birds of 87 species, and found species richness to be higher in shade (78 species) than in open coffee plantations (55 species). Interestingly, 32 species were unique to shade and nine were unique to open coffee plantations, with 46 species found in both types of plantation. Overall species composition and functional diversity were different in differently managed plantations. Species richness and abundance (birds/point/visit) were higher in shade coffee, reflecting the availability of multiple strata and habitat heterogeneity. Results revealed that different farm management practices can affect functional bird richness and its abundance in coffee plantations. Therefore, retaining shade-trees of native varieties in coffee plantations is important for supporting high functional diversity, richness, and abundance of birds in the coffee plantation of the Western Ghats.

著者

K. Shioiri editor

出版者

Okada Nichieido

巻号頁・発行日

1929