著者
Martel A Blooi M Adriaensen C Van Rooij P Beukema W Fisher M C Farrer R A Schmidt B R Tobler U Goka K Lips K R Muletz C Zamudio K R Bosch J Lötters S Wombwell E Garner T W J Cunningham A A Spitzen-van der Sluijs A Salvidio S Ducatelle R Nishikawa K Nguyen T T Kolby J E Van Bocxlaer I Bossuyt F Pasmans F
出版者
American Association for the Advancement of Science
雑誌
Science (ISSN:00368075)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.346, no.6209, pp.630-631, 2014-10-31
被引用文献数
385

両生類の新興感染症イモリツボカビがアジア起源であることを解明 -グローバル化がもたらす生物多様性への脅威-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-11-05.
著者
Ashu Bhan TIKU Suresh K. ABRAHAM Raosaheb K KALE
出版者
Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会
雑誌
Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.3, pp.435-440, 2004 (Released:2004-12-22)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
37 33

In the present work, an attempt has been made to evaluate the possible in vivo radioprotection by eugenol. Swiss albino mice were administered different doses of eugenol (75,150 and 300 mg/kg) before exposure to 1.5 Gy of gamma radiation. The micronucleus test was carried out to determine the genetic damage in bone marrow. Our results demonstrated significant reduction in the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) with all three eugenol doses. Eugenol (150 mg/kg) was also tested against different doses of radiation (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 Gy) and was found to afford significant radioprotection. Reduction in the incidence of MnPCEs could be noticed up to 72 h postirradiation (1.5 Gy). Moreover, the level of peroxidative damage and the specific activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and methylglyoxalase I (Gly I) were observed in the liver of mice treated with eugenol for seven days in comparison to untreated mice. The results revealed that eugenol exerted significant protection against oxidative stress. This possibility was further supported by the enhanced response of Gly I and the lowered activity of LDH. The present findings suggested that eugenol has a radioprotective potential.
著者
Ayumi SUMI James K CHAMBERS Soma ITO Kazuhiro KOJIMA Tetsuo OMACHI Masaki DOI Kazuyuki UCHIDA
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.23-0293, (Released:2023-11-28)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a cutaneous neuroendocrine tumor, and more than 90% of feline MCC cases test positive for Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV2). In the present study, basal cell markers p40, p63, and p73 and the stem cell marker SOX2 and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) were immunohistochemically examined in normal fetal, infant, and adult feline skin tissues. The expression of these proteins was examined in tumors positive for FcaPV2, including MCC, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Infant and adult feline skin tissues had mature Merkel cells, which were CK14-, CK18+, CK20+, SOX2+, synaptophysin+ and CD56+, while fetal skin tissue had no mature Merkel cells. MCC was immunopositive for p73, CK18, and SOX2 in 32/32 cases, and immunonegative for CK14 in 31/32 cases and for p40 and p63 in 32/32 cases. These results indicate that MCC exhibits different immunophenotypes from Merkel cells (p73-) and basal cells (p40+, p63+, and SOX2-). In contrast, all 3 BCCs, 1 BISC, and 2 SCCs were immunopositive for the basal cell markers p40, p63, and p73. The life cycle of papillomavirus is closely associated with the differentiation of infected basal cells, which requires the transcription factor p63. Changes in p63 expression in FcaPV2-positive MCC may be associated with unique cytokeratin expression patterns (CK14-, CK18+, and CK20+). Furthermore, SOX2 appears to be involved in Merkel cell differentiation in cats, similar to humans and mice.
著者
Toko Mitsui Yasuko K. Bando Akihiro Hirakawa Kenji Furusawa Ryota Morimoto Eiji Taguchi Akira Kimura Haruo Kamiya Naomichi Nishikimi Kimihiro Komori Kazuhiro Nishigami Toyoaki Murohara
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CR-23-0071, (Released:2023-10-17)
参考文献数
30

Background: Whether drug therapy slows the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in the Japanese population remains unknown.Methods and Results: In a multicenter prospective open-label study, patients with AAA at the presurgical stage (mean [±SD] AAA diameter 3.27±0.58 cm) were randomly assigned to treatment with candesartan (CAN; n=67) or amlodipine (AML; n=64) considering confounding factors (statin use, smoking, age, sex, renal function), with effects of blood pressure control minimized setting a target control level. The primary endpoint was percentage change in AAA diameter over 24 months. Secondary endpoints were changes in circulating biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], malondialdehyde–low-density lipoprotein, tissue-specific inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, matrix metalloproteinase [MMP] 2, MMP9, transforming growth factor-β1, plasma renin activity [PRA], angiotensin II, aldosterone). At 24 months, percentage changes in AAA diameter were comparable between the CAN and AML groups (8.4% [95% CI 6.23–10.59%] and 6.5% [95% CI 3.65–9.43%], respectively; P=0.23]. In subanalyses, AML attenuated AAA growth in patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD; P=0.04) or systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg (P=0.003). AML exhibited a definite trend for slowing AAA growth exclusively in never-smokers (P=0.06). Among circulating surrogate candidates for AAA growth, PRA (P=0.02) and hs-CRP (P=0.001) were lower in the AML group.Conclusions: AML may prevent AAA growth in patients with CKD or lower SBP, associated with a decline in PRA and circulating hs-CRP.
著者
S. TACHIBANA M. ABE M. ARAKAWA M. FUJIMOTO Y. IIJIMA M. ISHIGURO K. KITAZATO N. KOBAYASHI N. NAMIKI T. OKADA R. OKAZAKI H. SAWADA S. SUGITA Y. TAKANO S. TANAKA S. WATANABE M. YOSHIKAWA H. KUNINAKA THE HAYABUSA2 PROJECT TEAM
出版者
GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
雑誌
GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (ISSN:00167002)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.6, pp.571-587, 2014-11-20 (Released:2014-12-19)
参考文献数
99
被引用文献数
59 104

Hayabusa2 is an asteroid exploration mission to return surface samples of a near-Earth C-type asteroid (162173) 1999 JU3. Because asteroids are the evolved remnants of planetesimals that were the building blocks of planets, detailed observation by a spacecraft and analysis of the returned samples will provide direct evidence regarding planet formation and the dynamic evolution of the solar system. Moreover, C-type asteroids are expected to preserve the most pristine materials in the solar system, a mixture of minerals, ice, and organic matter that interact with each other. Space missions are the only way to obtain such pristine materials with geologic context and without terrestrial contamination. Hayabusa2 will launch off in 2014, arrive at 1999 JU3 in mid-2018, and fully investigate and sample the asteroid at three different locations during its 18-month stay. The concept and design of the Hayabusa2 sampler are basically the same as that on-board Hayabusa, and impact sampling with a 5-g Ta bullet will be made at three locations of the asteroid. The sample container has three separate chambers inside to store samples obtained at different locations separately. The spacecraft will return to Earth with samples in December 2020. Returned samples will be investigated by state-of-the-art analytical techniques in 2020 to understand the evolutionary history of the solar system from 4.56 Gyr ago to the present by combining results from laboratory examinations of the returned samples with remote-sensing datasets and comparing all results of observations of meteorites, interplanetary dust particles, and future returned samples.
著者
鈴木 康夫 フォン・イツスタイン マ プラニー タワ ショートリッジ ケネディ 河岡 義裕 ウェブスター ロバート・ SHORTRIDGE Kenney F. THAWATSUPHA Pranee WEBSTER Robert G. ITZSTEIN Mark von ITZSTEIN Mar THAWATSUPHA プラニー SHORTRIDGE K WEBSTER Robe
出版者
静岡県立大学
雑誌
国際学術研究
巻号頁・発行日
1997

本研究の目的は2年間でアジアにおける新変異インフルエンザウイルスの出現機構をあきらかにし、その制御についての可能性を探ることである。過去2年間において以下に述べる主要実績が得られ、本研究の目的は充分達成されたと考えられる。1)ヒト、トリ、ブタ、ウマなどインフルエンザウイルスのアジアにおける主たる宿主から分離されるすべてのインフルエンザウイルスに対する共通の受容体糖鎖構造を初めて明らかにした。2)インフルエンザウイルスは宿主に存在する受容体シアロ糖鎖のシアル酸分子種、結合様式による選択を受けつつ進化することを明らかにした。3)ヒトの気道上皮細胞が持つ受容体シアル酸の結合様式は、Neu5Ac2-6Galのみであり、2-3は存在しないこと、トリ腸管、ウマ気道上皮細胞には,Neu5Ac2-3Galのみが存在し、2-6は存在しないことを見いだした。さらに、ブタの上気道には、Neu5Ac2-3Gal,Neu5Ac2-6Galの両者が存在することを初めて見いだした。一方、ヒトから分離されるインフルエンザウイルスは、Neu5Ac2-6Galを受容体として認識し、2-3とは結合しないこと、トリA型インフルエンザウイルスはNeu5Ac2-3Galと結合すること、ブタから分離されるA型ウイルスはNeu5Ac2-6GalとNeu5Ac2-3Galの両者と結合できることを認めた。この結果から、インフルエンザAウイルスの宿主域は、宿主動物の受容体シアロ糖鎖のシアル酸結合様式(2-3,2-6)により制御され、受容体に結合できる変異ウイルスが選択され、宿主域の壁を越える可能性を明らかにした。4)ヒト、ブタ、トリが共生するアジアではブタがトリおよびヒトインフルエンザウイルスのミキサーとして働いていることを受容体分子のレベルで解明した。5)ウイルスヘマグルチニン遺伝子の解析から、宿主域変異(トリ型→←ヒト型)に関わるシアル酸の結合様式の変異(2-6→2-3)には、ヘマグルチニン分子内レセプター結合ポケットにあるただ1つのアミノ酸226(Leu→Gln)の変異により制御されていることを初めて解明した。上記の結果は、本研究の目的が概ね達成され、さらに付加的な研究結果も得られたことを示している。
著者
T. Abe T. Yasuda T. Midorikawa Y. Sato C. F. Kearns K. Inoue K. Koizumi N. Ishii
出版者
Japan Kaatsu Training Society
雑誌
International Journal of KAATSU Training Research (ISSN:13494562)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.6-12, 2005 (Released:2008-07-18)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
172 190

This study investigated the effects of twice daily sessions of low-intensity resistance training (LIT, 20% of 1-RM) with restriction of muscular venous blood flow (namely “LIT-Kaatsu” training) for two weeks on skeletal muscle size and circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Nine young men performed LIT-Kaatsu and seven men performed LIT alone. Training was conducted two times / day, six days / week for 2 weeks using 3 sets of two dynamic exercises (squat and leg curl). Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and volume were measured by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 3 days after the last training session (post-testing). Mid-thigh muscle-bone CSA was calculated from thigh girth and adipose tissue thickness, which were measured every morning prior to the training session. Serum IGF-1 concentration was measured at baseline, mid-point of the training and post-testing. Increases in squat (17%) and leg curl (23%) one-RM strength in the LIT-Kaatsu were higher (p<0.05) than those of the LIT (9% and 2%). There was a gradual increase in circulating IGF-1 and muscle-bone CSA (both p<0.01) in the LIT-Kaatsu, but not in the LIT. Increases in quadriceps, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus muscle volume were, respectively, 7.7%, 10.1% and 9.1% for LIT-Kaatsu (p<0.01) and 1.4%, 1.9% and -0.6% for LIT (p>0.05). There was no difference (p>0.05) in relative strength (1-RM / muscle CSA) between baseline and post-testing in both groups. We concluded that skeletal muscle hypertrophy and strength gain occurred after two weeks of twice daily LIT-Kaatsu training.
著者
西平 哲郎 SIMON S.L. TROTT K.R. 田口 喜雄 木村 伯子 土井 秀之 黒川 良望 藤盛 啓成 標葉 隆三郎 里見 進
出版者
東北大学
雑誌
国際学術研究
巻号頁・発行日
1995

1、調査・研究経過:1993年1月より1994年8月までにクワジャレイン環礁イ-バイ島(1993年1-3月)、マジュロ環礁(1994年3-8月)においてマーシャル諸島住民計6638人全員に超音波断層撮影装置による甲状腺スクリーニング検査を行い、触診で触知する甲状腺結節に対して21あるいは22G針による穿刺吸引細胞診を行った。これらの受診者に対して検診と同時に家族歴、生活歴、食習慣の詳細な聞き取り調査を行った。1959年以前の出生者、すなわち核実験による直接被曝の可能性のあった者は対象者中5016人であり、これは同年齢層のマーシャル諸島住民の約60%に相当した。マジュロ環礁においては2102人に甲状腺機能検査、3008人に自己抗体検査、310人に尿中ヨード測定を実施した。1995年度はこれらの結果のデータベース入力作業を行った。調査としてはイ-バイ島住民306人の追跡調査による甲状腺結節の経時的変化の検討と、1994年マジュロ検診で甲状腺癌が疑われた55人中31人の手術標本を入手し、平成8年3月現在、臨床病理学的検討を行っている。データベースの誤入力の訂正作業がまだ終了しておらず以下の結果は暫定的なものである。また、生活歴と現在の放射能汚染状況および過去の汚染データから推定予定であった住民の推定被曝線量については共同研究者のサイモン博士がマーシャル諸島共和国政府より同国の研究所より解雇されたため、本年は進展できなかった。2、結果:被曝の可能性があった住民(1959年以前に出生)女性の超音波診断では甲状腺結節有病者は受診者の44%であった。穿刺吸引細胞診は648人に施行し、診断率は70%で甲状腺癌の診断となったものは21人であった。触診所見、超音波診断をも考慮して臨床的には77人、1.2%に甲状腺癌が疑われた。これら癌の疑われた受診者の中、手術を受けたイ-バイ島住民12例(他施設病理診断を含む)では、乳頭癌6例、濾胞癌3例、微小乳頭癌2例であった。甲状腺機能検査では10人0.5%がTSH 5.1μU/ml以上の化学的甲状腺機能低下であった。甲状腺自己抗体検査ではTGHAあるいはMCHAのどちらかが陽性であったものは67人2.2%であった。尿中ヨード排泄量の測定では尿中ヨード/クレアチニン比で検討すると22%がWHO基準で中等度あるいは強度のヨード欠乏という結果であった。3、まとめ:超音波診断で甲状腺有結節者とされた女性の年齢別頻度は、年齢とともに増加しており、同様の方法で我々が調査した中国のデータと比較すると、ヨード欠乏地帯よりは低頻度であり、また非ヨード欠乏地帯よりは高頻度であった。甲状腺癌の頻度についてはイ-バイ島の結果から30才以上の女性で約2%と推定され、文献的には甲状腺結節性病変および甲状腺癌の有病率はマーシャル諸島住民で高率である。しかし、切除標本では濾胞癌の頻度が比較的高く(3例/12例)、放射線被曝を原因とするには従来の見解と矛盾すること。また、尿中ヨード排泄の結果からは、住民がヨード欠乏状態にある可能性がうかびあがり、放射線被曝以外の要因も考慮しなければならない結果となった。この研究はマーシャル諸島住民の個々の推定被曝線量と甲状腺結節病変の頻度との間の相関性を求め、それから被曝との因果関係を推定しようとするものである。平成8年度は協同研究者のトロット教授がサイモン博士に代わって被曝線量の推定を行うことになっており、結論を得るためにはその結果をまたなければならない。4、今後の予定:甲状腺疾患の疫学的調査、追跡調査を引き続き行うが、特に、対象住民の居住地域の偏りを少なくするためにouter atollと呼ばれる、マーシャル諸島辺縁の島々の住民を重点的に行う予定である。また、放射線被曝量との関係を検討するとともに、ヨード摂取量と結節性甲状腺腫との発生頻度との関係について検討する。さらに、切除標本をもとにマーシャル諸島住民の甲状腺癌の遺伝子異常の特徴を解明し、被曝との因果関係について検討を行う。
著者
小川 秀司 CHALISE Mukesh K. MALAIVIJITNOND Suchinda KOIRALA Sabina 濱田 穣
出版者
日本霊長類学会
雑誌
霊長類研究 Supplement 第33回日本霊長類学会大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.66-67, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-10-12)

マカク属における社会行動の進化を考察するために,アッサムモンキー(Macaca assamensis)とチベットモンキー(Macaca thibetana)のブリッジング行動や他の親和的社会行動の種類や頻度を比較した。アッサムモンキーは(1)タイのチェンライにあるTham Pla寺院(北緯20°20′,東経99°51′,高度843m)で2009~2012年にと,(2)ネパールのカトマンドゥー近郊のShivapuri-Nagarjun国立公園西部のNagarjun地域(北緯27°44′,東経85°17′,高度1300~2100m)で2014~2015年に,チベットモンキーは中国安徽省の黄山(北緯30°29′′,東経118°11′,高度700~800m)で1991~1992年に,餌づけされた複雄複雌郡内の数頭のオトナオスとオトナメスを交尾季と出産季にそれぞれ各10時間個体追跡した。ブリッジング行動は,チベットモンキーと(1)タイのアッサムモンキーにおいて観察されたが,(2)ネパールのアッサムモンキーにおいては観察されなかった。(ブリッジング行動とは,2頭のオトナが一緒にコドモを抱き上げる行動であり,その際オトナは抱き上げたコドモの性器をしばしば舐めたり触ったりする。コドモを抱いているオトナに別のオトナが近づいていって行われる場合と,あるオトナが抱いたコドモを別のオトナに運んでいって行われる場合がある。)また,オトナオス間のペニスサッキング行動は,チベットモンキーにおいて観察されたが,(1)と(2)両国のアッサムモンキーにおいては観察されなかった。アッサムモンキーとチベットモンキーが含まれるマカク属のシニカ種群においては,まずアッサムモンキーのうちの東の分布域に生息する個体群においてブリッジング行動が生じ,そこから分岐していったチベットモンキーにおいてはさらにオトナオス間のペニスサッキング行動が加わったと考えることが可能であろう。
著者
Takuro NAGAHARA Koichi OHNO Taisuke NAKAGAWA Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO James K CHAMBERS Kazuyuki UCHIDA Naomi MIZUSAWA Chiaki KAGA Maho NAGAZAWA Hirotaka TOMIYASU Hajime TSUJIMOTO
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.22-0172, (Released:2023-01-02)
被引用文献数
3

Intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL) is a common complication in dogs. This study analyzed intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA amplicon analysis as candidate factors that strongly influence the small intestinal lymphatic vessels in dogs with and without IL. Twelve dogs were included, of which six were diagnosed with lymphoplasmacytic enteritis, four with small-cell lymphoma, and two with large-cell lymphoma. Seven of these dogs had IL, whereas five did not. First, the microbial diversity analyzed by Faith pd index was significantly decreased in dogs with IL compared to dogs without IL. Then, the relative amounts of each bacterial taxa were compared between dogs with and without IL using Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis. At the genus level, the Ruminococcus gnavus groupsignificantly increased in dogs with IL compared to dogs without IL. A total of four genera, including Ruminococcus torques group and Faecalibacterium, which produce butyrate, significantly decreased in dogs with IL. This study showed decreased intestinal bacterial diversity and several alterations of intestinal microbiota, including a decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria in dogs with IL, compared to dogs without IL.
著者
T. Nakajima M. Kurano H. Iida H. Takano H. Oonuma T. Morita K. Meguro Y. Sato T. Nagata KAATSU Training Group
出版者
日本加圧トレーニング学会
雑誌
International Journal of KAATSU Training Research (ISSN:13494562)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.1, pp.5-13, 2006 (Released:2008-05-22)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
32 149

KAATSU training is a novel training, which is performed under conditions of restricted blood flow. It can induce a variety of beneficial effects such as increased muscle strength, and it has been adopted by a number of facilities in recent times. The purpose of the present study is to know the present state of KAATSU training in Japan and examine the incidence of adverse events in the field. The data were obtained from KAATSU leaders or instructors in a total of 105 out of 195 facilities where KAATSU training has been adopted. Based on survey results, 12,642 persons have received KAATSU training (male 45.4%, female 54.6%). KAATSU training has been applied to all generations of people including the young (<20 years old) and the elderly (>80 years old). The most popular purpose of KAATSU training is to strengthen muscle in athletes and to promote the health of subjects, including the elderly. It has been also applied to various kinds of physical conditions, cerebrovascular diseases, orthopedic diseases, obesity, cardiac diseases, neuromuscular diseases, diabetes, hypertension and respiratory diseases. In KAATSU training, various types of exercise modalities (physical exercise, walking, cycling, and weight training) are used. Most facilities have used 5-30 min KAATSU training each time, and performed it 1-3 times a week. Approximately 80% of the facilities are satisfied with the results of KAATSU training with only small numbers of complications reported. The incidence of side effects was as follows; venous thrombus (0.055%), pulmonary embolism (0.008%) and rhabdomyolysis (0.008%). These results indicate that the KAATSU training is a safe and promising method for training athletes and healthy persons, and can also be applied to persons with various physical conditions.
著者
Anna K. Kopec Ryuji Yokokawa Nasir Khan Ikuo Horii James E. Finley Christine P. Bono Carol Donovan Jessica Roy Julie Harney Andrew D. Burdick Bart Jessen Shuyan Lu Mark Collinge Ramin Banan Sadeghian Mazin Derzi Lindsay Tomlinson John E. Burkhardt
出版者
The Japanese Society of Toxicology
雑誌
The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.3, pp.99-114, 2021 (Released:2021-03-01)
参考文献数
68
被引用文献数
1 18

Microphysiological systems (MPS) are making advances to provide more standardized and predictive physiologically relevant responses to test articles in living tissues and organ systems. The excitement surrounding the potential of MPS to better predict human responses to medicines and improving clinical translation is overshadowed by their relatively slow adoption by the pharmaceutical industry and regulators. Collaboration between multiorganizational consortia and regulators is necessary to build an understanding of the strengths and limitations of MPS models and closing the current gaps. Here, we review some of the advances in MPS research, focusing on liver, intestine, vascular system, kidney and lung and present examples highlighting the context of use for these systems. For MPS to gain a foothold in drug development, they must have added value over existing approaches. Ideally, the application of MPS will augment in vivo studies and reduce the use of animals via tiered screening with less reliance on exploratory toxicology studies to screen compounds. Because MPS support multiple cell types (e.g. primary or stem-cell derived cells) and organ systems, identifying when MPS are more appropriate than simple 2D in vitro models for understanding physiological responses to test articles is necessary. Once identified, MPS models require qualification for that specific context of use and must be reproducible to allow future validation. Ultimately, the challenges of balancing complexity with reproducibility will inform the promise of advancing the MPS field and are critical for realization of the goal to reduce, refine and replace (3Rs) the use of animals in nonclinical research.
著者
Ginaldi Ari Nugroho Kosei Yamaguchi Eiichi Nakakita Masayuki K. Yamamoto Seiji Kawamura
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, pp.63-68, 2021 (Released:2021-04-13)
参考文献数
17

High-resolution boundary layer radar (BLR) and wavelet are utilized to observe microscale downdraft-updraft combinations. High-resolution BLR can observe thermal activity that pushed the stable layer. During this thermal, a combination of downdraft-updraft was also observed. A detailed observation of this combination was conducted in this study. Using a 1-dimensional continuous wavelet transform with Paul wavelet, we could quantify this downdraft-updraft combination based on the height and period. Using this quantification and wavelet variance in different weather conditions, we showed the essential period from 0 to 0.25 min, 2 to 4 min, and 4 to 8 min of this microscale downdraft-updraft combination.
著者
岡本 雅子 Singh Archana K. 東原 和成
出版者
Brewing Society of Japan
雑誌
日本醸造協会誌 (ISSN:09147314)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.111, no.5, pp.278-285, 2016 (Released:2018-07-12)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1

食べ物の「おいしさ」には,味や香り,食感,外観,経験,情報などさまざまな要因が関わっている。これらの要因が脳でどのように処理され,私たちは「おいしさ」を感じているのだろうか? 本稿では,脳機能イメージングを用いた研究から得られた知見をもとに,味覚,嗅覚などの相互作用により私たちが「あじ」ととらえている感覚が生じるしくみや,情報が「あじ」に与える影響,さらには脳機能イメージングの食品産業への応用の可能性について解説いただいた。一読をおすすめする。
著者
Takuya E. KISHIMOTO Kazuyuki UCHIDA James K. CHAMBERS Mun Keong KOK Nguyen V. SON Takanori SHIGA Miyuki HIRABAYASHI Nanako USHIO Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.19-0486, (Released:2019-12-04)
被引用文献数
16

To clarify the prevalence of canine intracranial tumors in Japan, a retrospective study was performed using data on 186 canine intracranial tumors. Of 186 cases, 159 cases (85.5%) were primary and 27 cases (14.5%) were secondary intracranial tumors. Among primary intracranial tumors, meningioma (50.9%) was the most common, followed by glial tumors (21.4%) and primary intracranial histiocytic sarcoma (12.6%). These 3 tumors were most frequently found in middle-aged to elderly dogs without any sex predilection. Regarding glial tumors, the incidence of oligodendroglial tumors (79.4%) was higher than that of astrocytic tumors (17.6%). A significant breed predisposition (P<0.05) was observed for meningioma in Rough Collie, Golden Retriever, Miniature Schnauzer, and Scottish Terrier; for glial tumors in Bouvier de Flandres, French Bulldog, Newfoundland, Bulldog, and Boxer; for primary intracranial histiocytic sarcoma in Pembroke Welsh Corgi, Siberian Husky, and Miniature Schnauzer. The high incidence of oligodendroglial tumors in dogs and the breed predisposition for primary intracranial histiocytic sarcoma in Pembroke Welsh Corgi have not been reported in previous epidemiological studies on canine tumors. Since the incidence of intracranial tumors was vary among dog breeds, the present results demonstrate the uniqueness of the canine breed population in Japan.