著者

佐伯 政男 大石 繁宏

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.92-98, 2014-02-01 (Released:2014-06-04)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

2

---

Since the mid 1980s, subjective well-being research has blossomed into a major research area in psychology and related disciplines. Subjective well-being researchers have advanced our understanding of the correlates, causes, and consequences of happiness. Some of the early research findings, however, have been overturned lately. The present article revisits the early research questions such as the effect of weather, item order, hedonic adaptation, and money, and summarizes the most definitive findings so far on these issues. In addition, the present article summarizes the recent research on social relationships and perception, which helps explain why social relationships are so important in happiness.

著者

山本 晶友 樋口 匡貴

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.71-77, 2019-05-31 (Released:2019-05-29)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

---

We examined the extent to which a beneficiary experiences gratitude toward a benefit, as a function of what another beneficiary has received. In our experiment, participants who are university students read a scenario in which the protagonist received help from his or her classmate for a report. Imagining themselves as the protagonist, participants rated the extent to which they felt grateful. We manipulated what a protagonist’s friend underwent (i.e., receiving better help, receiving worse help, or being refused help). In the control condition, no mention of the protagonist’s friend was made. Overall, there was no significant difference between the gratitude experienced in various conditions. However, a comparison of the gratitude scores of participants in the lower half of each condition revealed that, the participants who read that the friend was refused help felt more grateful than those in the control condition. This suggests that knowing another person fails to receive helps increases gratitude among those who otherwise feel less gratitude.

著者

小林 亮太 重松 潤 宮谷 真人 中尾 敬

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.67-72, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

35

---

Previous studies have reported that cognitive reappraisal is related to decentering and mental health. However, there are two limitations in the current literature. First, it is unclear whether distraction facilitates decentering. Second, anxiety is the only index that has been used to assess mental health. Therefore, we examined whether cognitive reappraisal and distraction enhance decentering, which in turn improves mental health. Three hundred and eighty-seven university students answered questionnaires that assessed cognitive reappraisal, distraction, and decentering. Additionally, we measured depression, subjective happiness, and life satisfaction as mental health indicators. Our results confirmed that cognitive reappraisal and distraction influence mental health. In addition, decentering mediated the effect of cognitive reappraisal and distraction on mental health. These results suggest that distraction and cognitive reappraisal enhance decentering, which in turn, improves mental health.

著者

速水 敏彦 木野 和代 高木 邦子

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.43-55, 2005-09-30 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

17 6

---

In response to recent social phenomenon of adolescents reporting increasingly higher levels of anger, a new construct "assumed-competence" is proposed in this study.The purpose of Study 1 is to formulate an instrument to measure individual differences in assumed-competence and to examine the construct validity of the scale by comparing it with self-esteem in relation to past experiences. Four scales designed to measure assumed-competence, past experiences, self-esteem, and narcissistic-competence were administered to 393 university students. The ACS (Assumed-Competence Scale) consisting of 11 items showed high reliability. The ACS showed no significant relationship to self-esteem, but was positively related to narcissistic-competence. Self-esteem was positively correlated with positive experiences and assumed-competence was also positively correlated with negative experiences.Study 2 aimed at investigating the relationship between assumed-competence and anger measured using Spielberger's STAXI. Results suggested that individuals with high assumed-competence had higher trait anger than those with low assumed-competence. However, self-esteem inhibited the expression of anger.

著者

薊 理津子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.49-64, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

113

被引用文献数

7 4

---

In previous studies, emotions of shame and guilt were considered to be similar; however, recent empirical studies show that they are clearly different. In other words, shame is maladaptive whereas guilt is adaptive. In this paper, the author reviews recent studies on shame and guilt. The paper includes characteristics and functions of shame and guilt, measurement methods, antecedent factors such situation and cognition, and cross-cultural research. In addition, the future applications of studies on shame and guilt are discussed from the following two perspectives. The first is moral education, which is based on the assumption that anticipated shame and guilt deter deviant behavior. The second is humiliation. Recent findings employing clinical studies indicate that shame is linked to narcissism and domestic violence. Humiliation has been discussed as a theme relevant to shame and violence, and is important in interpersonal relationships and social problems. Therefore, further studies regarding humiliation are suggested.

著者

加藤 樹里 村田 光二

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.82-91, 2017-02-28 (Released:2017-04-06)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

2

---

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of finitude salience and the meditational effect of uncovering the social values on the emotional responses of being moved. We tested the hypothesis that the narrative depiction of separation as finitude salience would result in readers uncovering the social values of the story, and increase their emotional responses of being moved. Participants read a novel whose theme was friendship with or without the depiction of separation. Then, all the participants rated the extent to which they were moved by the novel. As hypothesized, our results indicated that participants who read the novel that depicted separation were more strongly moved. In addition, mediational data demonstrated that the effect of the depiction of separation on being moved could be explained by the participants' uncovering of the social values of the story.

著者

廣瀬 信之 牛島 悠介 森 周司

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.20-27, 2014-09-01 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1 9

---

In computer-mediated communication, the lack of nonverbal cues such as facial expression, tone of voice, gestures leads to difficulties in communicating emotional states. Emoticons and pictograms are visual cues suggestive of facial expression or emotion and have been recently used as nonverbal surrogates in computer-mediated communication. The present study investigated whether and how visual cues (emoticons or pictograms) influence emotional communication in mobile text-messaging that conveys the following emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, or anxiety. The results showed that visual cues depicting a smile facilitate the communication of happiness, irrespective of the type of cue. The communication of anger was also facilitated by a pictogram depicting this emotion, but the intensity of sadness was relieved by a crying face pictogram. In the case of anxiety, visual cues had no effect on emotional communication. The rated degree of emotion differed between pictograms which are converted according to the mapping table but have different appearances. Furthermore, we found that the colors of pictograms facilitate emotional communication. These findings help understanding of the effective transmission of emotional states in text-messaging on mobile phones.

著者

金政 祐司 大坊 郁夫

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.11-24, 2003-05-10 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3 3

---

This study was conducted to help clarify the relationships between the three components of the triangular theory of love (intimacy, passion, and commitment) and several aspects of intimate opposite-sex relationships (among them, behaviors and self-perceptions). In Study 1 (N=449), the Triangular Love Scale (TLS) was translated into Japanese, and the results of factor analysis revealed that several items loaded on more than one factor as found in previous researches. Thus, factor analysis was conducted again while multiple loading items were eliminated, and the results showed that the TLS containing 27 items (TLS27) formed 3 factors, which were in accordance with the theory. The results also revealed that (1) the closer the relationships were, the higher the scores on the TLS27 became, (2) the subjects reporting unrequited love had high scores on passion, as well as (3) high scores on all components of love related to the behavioral aspects of the relationships. The results of Study 2 (N=460) supported the stability of the factor structure of TLS27 obtained in Study 1. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis also supported the multidimensional 3 factor structure of TLS27 rather than a unidimensional structure. In addition, self-perceptions of participant's closest opposite-sex relationships were influenced by intimacy and passion. Especially in the case where intimacy was high, self-perceptions of the relationships were generally positive. Results were discussed in terms of the validity and future perspectives of the triangular theory of love.

著者

小林 亮太 本多 樹 町澤 まろ 市川 奈穂 中尾 敬

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.38-48, 2021-03-25 (Released:2021-03-25)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

4

---

The present study aimed to develop and validate the Japanese version of the Body Perception Questionnaire-Body Awareness Very Short Form (BPQ-BAVSF-J). In Study 1, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 358 crowdsourced participants and 296 university students. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis and then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the factor analysis indicated that the BPQ-BAVSF-J has a unidimensional structure with sufficient reliability. Additionally, consistent with the original version, the BPQ-BAVSF-J had a positive correlation with somatosensory amplification and physical stress. Thus, it was shown that the BPQ-BAVSF-J has adequate validity. In Study 2, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 305 and 295 crowdsourced participants and then compared the BPQ-BAVSF-J and the Japanese version of the Body Perception Questionnaire-Body Awareness Short Form (BPQ-BASF-J). The results of Study 2 showed that both the BPQ-BAVSF-J and the BPQ-BASF-J had the same level of correlation with the validity scale. These results suggest that the BPQ-BAVSF-J can measure interoceptive awareness as well as the BPQ-BASF-J, which has a larger number of items. In study 3, we conducted a two-wave survey with a one-month interval (N=68) and confirmed that the BPQ-BAVSF-J has sufficient test-retest reliability.

著者

鈴木 有美 速水 敏彦

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.23-31, 2015-09-30 (Released:2015-10-08)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Focusing on the argument of which assumed competence was derived from the motivation of self-enhancement for the ego-threatened person, the present study elucidated its relationship to anxiety, defense mechanism, subjective well-being, and hopelessness. In the first study, 354 undergraduates were classified into 4 competence types based on crossing scores of the Assumed Competence and Self-Esteem scales: atrophic, self-esteemed, omnipotent, and assumed. Those who were categorized in assumed competence type rated the highest on anxiety and coped with their ego-threat on immature defense level. In the second study, a self-report questionnaire was administered to 300 undergraduates to examine the relationships among assumed competence, self-esteem, subjective well-being, and hopelessness. The results clarified that their mental health varied not solely with a tendency of undervaluing others but with self-esteem. Discussed were some issues for future research in terms of training programs exerted to cope with ego-threats on mature defense level, to protect self-esteem, and then to improve well-being for adolescents.

著者

下野 有紀 長谷川 晃 土原 浩平 国里 愛彦

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.51-60, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3

---

This study was designed to develop a new measure to assess the affinity for hikikomori in university students. Undergraduates (n=267) completed items inquiring the affinity for hikikomori, and measures of school non-attendance, depression, quality of life, and relationships with friends. The Affinity for Hikikomori Scale in University Students was developed based on the results of exploratory factor analyses. The scale was composed of two subscales: Desire for hikikomori and empathy for others with hikikomori. Total score on the Affinity for Hikikomori Scale in University Students and desire for hikikomori subscale score were positively correlated with average number of absence from each classes. Additionally, total and subscale scores of the scale were higher among students that had experienced school non-attendance than those without such experiences. These findings indicated the adequate construct validity of the scale. Furthermore, total scale score and desire for hikikomori subscale score were associated with increased depression and decreased quality of life and satisfaction with friend relationships. In contrast, empathy for others with hikikomori did not deteriorate the adaptation of participants.

著者

澤海 崇文 望月 正哉 瀧澤 純 吉澤 英里

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.1-10, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-05-20)

参考文献数

33

---

In recent years, some forms of interpersonal communication labeled “ijiri” have played a significant role among the youth. This paper investigates what type of affective experience ijiri is perceived to cause compared with similar behaviors like teasing and bullying. We recruited 312 university students and asked them to answer questions about the possible affective experiences that arise in either of the agents (actor or receiver) in response to each type of behavior. The rating was done from the standpoint of either the actor, receiver, or third party. Results revealed that compared with the other two types of behavior, ijiri was perceived to cause lesser negative affective experiences. Affective experiences entailed by each type of behavior were influenced by the role of the respondent and that of the appraisal target. Future research is warranted to investigate the generalizability of the findings, given the limitations of self-reported measurements and conceptualization of affects.

著者

藤井 勉 澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.Supplement, pp.2-2, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

著者

張 燕 阿部 恒之

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.Supplement, pp.1, 2013 (Released:2013-04-10)

著者

藤井 勉 澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.114-123, 2014-05-01 (Released:2014-09-11)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 1 1

---

In recent literature, it may seem that research on implicit aspects of self-esteem is increasing. Many have reported the high score of implicit self-esteem is associated with positive traits and behaviors. However, a number of studies on implicit self-esteem report different results. To add additional support to the discussion, this study examines the effects of explicit and implicit self-esteem on the concept of Schadenfreude, the pleasure caused by the misfortunes of others. Two studies were conducted on this topic. In study 1, 282 participants were given modified version of scenarios from Sawada (2008) and asked to evaluate the target person with a questionnaire, deciding if the participants were of high or low social status. In Study 2, effects of explicit and implicit self-esteem were examined using the scenario created in Study 1 among 92 participants. The analysis of variance revealed that a main effect of implicit self-esteem on schadenfreude towards a target person. The higher scores of implicit self-esteem would have a higher scores of schadenfreude. Furthermore, an interaction was found between social standing and implicit self-esteem, in that the high implicit self-esteem group showed high scores of schadenfreude towards an advantaged target person.

著者

福田 哲也 樋口 匡貴

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.116-122, 2016-05-30 (Released:2016-12-02)

参考文献数

22

---

This study had two purposes: first, we investigated the effects of observer behavior on feeling of embarrassment of an individual, and second, we explained the process of that effect. Participants read a scenario in which they felt embarrassment in front of a friend and the friend responded with one of four types of behavior (helpfulness, avoidance, being humorous, and other-monitoring.) or did not react at all. Participants were then asked to respond to items describing their feeling of embarrassment (Higuchi, 2000) and causal factors of embarrassment (Higuchi, 2001). To examine whether participants' feeling of embarrassment differed, one-way ANOVA and multiple comparison were conducted. These analyses revealed that “avoidance” behavior heightened feeling of embarrassment compared to “helpfulness” or “being humorous” behavior. Moreover, mediation analyses showed three causal factors of embarrassment (apprehension of social evaluation, disruption of social interaction, and loss of self-esteem) could mediate between avoidance behavior and feeling of embarrassment.

著者

樋口 匡貴 柳川 美貴 福田 哲也

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.Supplement, pp.16, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

著者

大坊 郁夫 村沢 博人 趙 〓珍

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.101-123, 1994-03-31 (Released:2010-01-15)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

---

" Beauty is in the eye of the beholder ", according to an ancient adage. Faces are evaluated in terms of the personal, physical and social qualities which the target appears to offer the perceiver. Face have a meaningful role in social context. Members of different ethnic groups have very different standards for the perception of facial attractiveness. The general theoretical premise of the study is that the standards for judgement of female facial beauty are essentially cultural in character, but they are also influenced by racial averages of features. On the other hand, evolutionary theory provides a basis for suggesting that some aspects of beauty may not be arbitrary or culturally relative. The perceptions of facial attractiveness may be influenced by neonate, sexually mature, aging, expressive and grooming attributes. These physiognomic cues not only convey information about the target but also arouse emotion in the perceiver. Previous studies in the area of facial beauty have concentrated on responses of European, American people to members of the same culture. But Mongolian have different features with Caucasian. Further, Japanese culture have traditionally desired females to be subservient. The experiment compared judgment of female physical attractiveness made by Japanese and Korean people. A total of 232Japanese students in a college and 238 Korean female students in two colleges, who were shown photo slides of Japanese and Korean females that manipulated in three levels of beauty, rated the attractiveness and likeability of Japanese / Korean by 13 bipolar-adjective items. Thirty - six black and white photographs were presented in the form of 35mm slides ( three poses - front view, profile, and three - quarters ) projected onto a screen. Precise facialmetric assessments of the size of facial features were made by male aesthetic anatomist. These indicies were analyzed by means of some multivariate analysis methods. Positively correlated with beauty ratings were large eyes, small mouth, small chin in Japanese. On the other hand, large eyes, small and high nose, thin and small face correlated positively withbeauty in Korean. Korean attached more importance to cubic view than Japanese. Japanese Ss posessed simple judgement dimensions, while Korean Ss attached more importance to multiple affective dimensions ( beauty, maturity, likeability). Japanese Ss are more discriminant Stimuls Person's beauty levels than Korean Ss. They have different standards of beauty with each other. But, Japanese Ss can not judge SP' ethnicity consciously. In Japan it is important for the maintenance of interpersonal hermony traditionally that people suppress their emotion and do not appraise physical beauty publicly.

著者

石井 敬子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.19-23, 2012-10-31 (Released:2013-04-10)

参考文献数

27

---

The mutual constitution of culture and the mind has been found in various fundamental psychological processes. One important research question is to expand the previous findings and examine neural processes that may vary across cultural groups. Moreover, a growing body of research shows that a person's psychological tendency may emerge as a result of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors and that certain genes may be associated with greater plasticity or susceptibility to the environment. If these environmental factors include cultural ideas and practices, an interaction between genetic and cultural factors may shape the individual's psychological and neural processes. Here, this review will highlight some emerging studies that explore whether and to what extent genes are linked to culture and the mind and discuss the implications.

著者

鈴木 常元

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.38-45, 2015-09-30 (Released:2015-10-08)

参考文献数

51

---

“Emotions” are a psychological category that was first expounded in the eighteenth century, whereas earlier classical literature, since the time of ancient Greece, had used the term “passion.” Descartes elucidated that thoughts are the essence of the “ego.” According to Descartes, thoughts proceed from the soul, and actions of the soul are our will. On the contrary, passions are our perceptions that include emotions in a wider sense. “Passion” is an important word in both philosophy and linguistics. The fact that a great majority of adjectives designating emotions in English are derived from participles, is suggestive of the passivity of emotions. For Descartes, emotions are the negation of thoughts as action, whereas emotions play a central role in Japanese culture. In the Japanese language, emotions are verbally expressed in spontaneous and non-volitional form. Therefore, it is suggested that research on the characteristics of emotional expressions in the Japanese language could result in a new formulation of the concept of emotions.