著者

竹原 卓真

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.31-39, 2002-05-25 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

59

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After Darwin, a large number of studies on recognition of facial expressions of emotions have been carried out and some important models have been proposed. In such early studies by Feleky, Langfeld and others, the experimental paradigm itself had a serious problem. Pointing out the problem of those studies, Woodworth proposed his own model, and then, Schlosberg expanded Woodworth's model into a dimensional model for recognition of facial expressions of emotions. Since then, many studies confirmed the idea of the dimensional model, and recently, Russell proposed a circumplex model of affect. In contrast, Ekman and his colleagues developed a categorical model of facial expression based on their cross-cultural studies. This categorical model and the dimensional model offer different views of emotion and have been heated debates between them. Recently, Takehara and his colleagues found out a fractal structure in the recognition of facial expressions of emotions. The concept of fractal is novel in psychology and seems to offer an important addition to the research on recognition of facial expressions of emotions. In this article, I survey models for facial expressions of emotions and discuss in particular the importance of the fractal model.

著者

小澤 幸世 後藤 和史 福井 義一 上田 英一郎 田辺 肇

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.42-49, 2016-11-30 (Released:2017-02-22)

参考文献数

37

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Clinical reports thus far indicate that patients with dissociative disorders exhibit cutaneous sensory symptoms. However, only few studies focused on the relationship between these symptoms and dissociation. Here, we investigated the relationships among cutaneous symptoms (Cutaneous9), somatoform dissociation (SDQ-20), and self-reported history of childhood abuse (CATS) in undergraduates (N=368). Exploratory factor analysis performed simultaneously on the scores of Cutaneous9 and SDQ-20 items, extracted four factors- “Somatic paralysis,” “Perceptual change,” “Cutaneous symptoms,” and “Urogenital symptoms and motor inhibition.” Analysis of variance demonstrated that the group with high CATS scores tends to have high “Somatic paralysis” and “Perceptual change” factor scores, supporting previous findings that these symptoms are relatively common in patients with pathological dissociation, and those with traumatic childhood experiences. These symptoms are considered to be similar to animal defensive reactions that are mediated by endogenous opioids. Moreover, items including “tingling,” “numbness,” and “tender to touch” in Cutaneous9 converged on the “Somatic paralysis” factor together with certain SDQ-20 items, suggesting that these cutaneous symptoms might be associated with pathological tendencies and traumatic childhood experiences.

著者

村上 裕樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.24-28, 2012-10-31 (Released:2013-04-10)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

3

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Mindfulness is currently attracting a great deal of attention as a psychotherapeutic technique, which originated from Eastern meditation practices. It is defined as “paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally” (Kabat-Zinn, 1994). This article reviews neuroscience studies of mindfulness, and genetic contributions to individual differences on the effect of the mindfulness intervention. Finally, we will discuss differences and similarities in neurobiological bases of emotion regulation between Eastern and Western people.

著者

荒川 歩 鈴木 直人

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.56-64, 2004-01-31 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

16 11

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Categorical theory (e. g. Ekman, 1971) and dimensional theory (e. g. Russell, 1980) are popularly used to describe feelings and emotions. However these two theories have been largely ignored in gesture studies. One reason appears to be that the research has been based on of facial expressions and words, as such as not been applied to other studies.This research examined the relationships between feelings and hand movements. 106 students (53 pairs) participated in the experiment, where they talked to each other about various emotional themes, and then filled in questionnaires on their feelings. Their conversations were videotaped. The cumulative duration of self-adaptors and gestures, as well as the velocity, size, smoothness and accent of the gestures was rated by 3 coders. The results indicated that some feelings do have an affect on self-adaptors and gestures, while other feelings, however, were different that the theoretical underpinnings would have suggested.

著者

片平 健太郎 藤村 友美 松田 佳尚 岡ノ谷 一夫 岡田 真人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.71-76, 2013-04-25 (Released:2013-06-07)

参考文献数

12

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We investigated how emotional responses reflected in autonomic nervous system activities and facial muscles activities are related to learning in decision-making. Based on the conventional Q-learning model, we constructed novel learning models that incorporate the trial-to-trial variability in the physiological responses. In our models, the variables reflecting the physiological activities can modulate two important parameters of the model: (1) the learning rate, which determines the degree of update in response to the current choice outcome, and (2) the reward value, which quantifies the valence of the current outcome. We applied the models to the data from two types of decision-making task; one used emotional pictures as decision outcomes, and another used monetary reward. The valence of the outcomes was stochastically contingent on participants' choices. We demonstrated that proposed models that incorporated physiological measures including skin conductance, corrugator muscle activity and orbicular muscle activity, improved the prediction of the model, mainly for the emotional picture task. Our results suggest that some emotional responses are related to the subsequent choice behavior.

著者

橋本 巌 高岡 茉季

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.Supplement, pp.ps28, 2017 (Released:2017-11-28)

著者

中西 大輔 井川 純一 志和 資朗

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.118-127, 2015

被引用文献数

1

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This study investigates the relationship between confidence and regret. We predicted that high levels of confidence—where confidence is defined as reduced counterfactual thinking—would limit the experience of regret. A previous study by Gilovich & Medvec (1995) found an action/inaction effect, where regret is higher when one fails to act. However, this effect may no longer exist once we conceptually distinguish the decision to act from one's confidence about that decision. The decision to act is usually accompanied with a high level of confidence, and little counterfactual thinking. We hypothesized that regardless of action/inaction, regret will be significantly lower when a decision is made with high confidence. In Experiment 1, participants read a series of scenarios and made a decision. Before receiving feedback on their decision, participants rated their level of confidence about the decision. In Experiment 2, participants read a hypothetical mistake made by an individual and estimated that individual's level of regret. The results support our hypothesis that level of confidence about decisions affects feelings of regret.

著者

河野 和明 羽成 隆司 伊藤 君男

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.Supplement, pp.18, 2013 (Released:2013-04-10)

著者

佐伯 素子

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.65-72, 2004-11-30 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

20

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This study examined how the emotional awareness affected the image characterized by mother's emotional acceptance. 110 subjects (female undergraduates) were asked to complete the questionnaire about the emotional awareness task and the task designed to assess the image to be generated by mother's emotional acceptance. With the emotional awareness task, the subjects described their anticipated feelings and also indicated the feelings shown by the other persons in ten vignettes: five vignettes to elicit positive feelings and another five vignettes to elicit negative feelings. Further, the subjects described their mother's responses in three vignettes to assess the image of mother's emotional acceptance. ANOVA yielded a significant effect of the image characterized by mother's emotional acceptance on the subject's own emotional awareness, especially for negative feelings. Consequently, this study has found that the mother's emotional acceptance allows the adolescents to be aware of their own feelings. However, additional studies are necessary in order to find out whether other subjects such as males and various age groups would produce the results similar to those by the female adolescents in this study.

著者

石井 敬子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.19-23, 2012

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The mutual constitution of culture and the mind has been found in various fundamental psychological processes. One important research question is to expand the previous findings and examine neural processes that may vary across cultural groups. Moreover, a growing body of research shows that a person's psychological tendency may emerge as a result of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors and that certain genes may be associated with greater plasticity or susceptibility to the environment. If these environmental factors include cultural ideas and practices, an interaction between genetic and cultural factors may shape the individual's psychological and neural processes. Here, this review will highlight some emerging studies that explore whether and to what extent genes are linked to culture and the mind and discuss the implications.

著者

真田 原行 小林 正法 大竹 恵子 片山 順一

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.62-70, 2019-05-31 (Released:2019-05-29)

参考文献数

22

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The purpose of this study was to unveil temporal relationship of physiological states during emotional experience. It has been widely accepted that emotion arises from interaction between cerebral processing and bodily response (i.e., autonomic nervous system: ANS). Therefore, we measured indices of both types of activities, using frontal alpha asymmetry (Davidson, Ekman, Saron, Senulis, & Friesen, 1990) for cerebral processing, and heart rate (HR) for ANS. Twenty-two participants watched six video clips for emotion induction (two each for negative, neutral, and positive emotions), during which electroencephalograms (EEGs) and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were recorded. Cross-correlation analyses revealed that the fluctuation of frontal alpha asymmetry synchronized with that of HR only when participants watched positive video clips. Because most participants changed their facial expression during the clips, it is possible that facial expression was induced by the synchronization of frontal alpha asymmetry and ANS activity. In addition, when they watched one of the positive clips, frontal alpha asymmetry fluctuation was preceded by HR variation. This indicated that ANS response might influence activity of cerebral area where frontal alpha asymmetry arises.

著者

上野 雄己 陶山 智 小塩 真司

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.53-57, 2018-06-30 (Released:2018-09-29)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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This study aimed to examine the relationship among athletes’ envy, athletic events, and competitive level. A survey was conducted among 496 university athletes (428 men and 68 women). The results indicated that competitive level was positively associated with benign envy in competitive sports (open-skill sports), while no significant association between the two was observed in record sports (closed-skill sports). Moreover, athletic events and competitive level were not significantly associated with malicious envy. Therefore, envy scores differed depending on the athletic events, competitive level, and the combinations thereof.

著者

薊 理津子

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.49-64, 2008

被引用文献数

4

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In previous studies, emotions of shame and guilt were considered to be similar; however, recent empirical studies show that they are clearly different. In other words, shame is maladaptive whereas guilt is adaptive. In this paper, the author reviews recent studies on shame and guilt. The paper includes characteristics and functions of shame and guilt, measurement methods, antecedent factors such situation and cognition, and cross-cultural research. In addition, the future applications of studies on shame and guilt are discussed from the following two perspectives. The first is moral education, which is based on the assumption that anticipated shame and guilt deter deviant behavior. The second is humiliation. Recent findings employing clinical studies indicate that shame is linked to narcissism and domestic violence. Humiliation has been discussed as a theme relevant to shame and violence, and is important in interpersonal relationships and social problems. Therefore, further studies regarding humiliation are suggested.

著者

神谷 俊次

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.60-74, 2002

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The purpose of this study was to explore whether elaborative processing is sufficient to explain enhanced memory associated with emotion. Two experiments were conducted using events depicted in slides and captions. Participants rated each slide for emotional content on a 5-point scale. Immediately after a series of slides, participants received an on-the-spot yes-no recognition memory test about the contents of the slides. Memory for the slide material was assessed in terms of central gist, general details, and peripheral information. In Experiment 1, 54 undergraduates (42 female, 12 male) watched either an emotional or a control version of the same event that differed in one critical slide. Participants who saw the emotional version, which depicted a man looking at a "nudie" magazine, participants were less able to recall the central details than those who saw a control version, a man looking at a nude in an oil painting. Recognition of central gist was very high in every condition, and there were no significant differences among conditions with respect to this variable.<BR>Experiment 2 was quite similar to Experiment 1, with 32 undergraduates (21 female, 11 male). Participants in the experimental group watched an emotional slide -a man looking at a "nudie" magazine photograph, whereas those in the control group watched a neutral slide -a man looking at the same nude, but now wearing underwear. Recognition memory for general details was poorer in the emotional version than in the neutral version. Consistent with a schema-based expectation, participants presented with the emotional slide showed a higher rate of false recognition on a face recognition test, compared to participants presented with the neutral slide. Findings suggest that elaboration is insufficient to explain the enhancing effects of emotion on memory. Results were discussed in terms of schemata in processing information.

著者

市川 周平 岩永 誠

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, 2011

著者

高田 琢弘 湯川 進太郎

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.Supplement, pp.ps14-ps14, 2016 (Released:2016-08-24)

被引用文献数

1

著者

長峯 聖人 外山 美樹

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.22-32, 2016-11-30 (Released:2017-02-22)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2

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Japanese people’s experience of nostalgia was investigated and difference between nostalgia in Japan, and in English-speaking countries were compared. Undergraduate student participants (N=61) were divided into three conditions: “nostalgic recollection”, “ordinary recollection”, and “positive recollection”. Content analysis indicated that consistent with previous studies, Japanese students describe more about themselves, or about a relationship with a specific person during nostalgic narratives than in other narratives. However, the proportion of description including acceptance of the past was lower than in previous studies. Results also indicated that less positive and more negative affect were observed in the nostalgic recollection condition than in the other two conditions. In addition, there was more “bittersweet” affect in the nostalgic recollection condition. Furthermore, no appreciable differences were observed in the three conditions in relation to the three major functions of nostalgia―self-esteem, meaning in life, and perceived social support. We have discussed the necessity for exploring the uniqueness of nostalgia in Japan compared to that in English-speaking countries.

著者

島 義弘 福井 義一 金政 祐司 武儀山 珠実

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.28-36, 2013

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This article was retracted.

著者

杉浦 悠子 清水 遵 小川 一美

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.Supplement, pp.21-21, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

著者

伊里 綾子 望月 聡

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.105-115, 2016-05-30 (Released:2016-12-02)

参考文献数

38

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A wealth of evidence has indicated that an abundance of negative biases and a lack of positive biases in memory could be an important factors in the onset and subsequent maintenance of depression. Moreover, recent studies have suggested that attentional biases influence memory biases and biases in the information input stage might play a key role in causing these biases. Nevertheless, most studies on memory biases have investigated only recall biases, with only a few studies directly examining encoding biases. Therefore the relationship between dysphoria and encoding biases was investigated using the recognition task described by Müller et al. (2009). Results indicated that encoding positive words enhanced encoding preceding and subsequent words in non-dysphoric participants, whereas this was not the case in dysphoric participants. These results suggest that dysphoria is associated with a paucity of encoding information presented temporally close to positive information. It is suggested that future studies should investigate the impact of processing emotional information on processing other types of information in people with depression.