著者

中谷 盛吾 境 泉洋

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.33-40, 2015

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Effects of physical exercises on physical, mental and social functions of elderly people were investigated. Elderly people (<i>N</i>=16) in need of support participated in a randomized crossover study twice weekly for 8 weeks. Results indicated significant improvements in the Geriatric Depression Scale scores and in the gait duration in the Timed Up and Go Test for the group that implemented physical exercises. Moreover, a correlation was observed between improvements in physical functions after the intervention with physical, psychological and social functioning of frail elderly people. These results suggest that appropriate physical exercises for elderly people who are need of support were effective for improving their physical and mental functions. In addition, physical exercises were more effective for improving physical, psychological, and social functioning of frail elderly people.

著者

Kim Eunbi Sakairi Yosuke

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.1-13, 2015

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The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the mood regulation effects induced by different types of exercise and music. In Study 1, 67 university students listened to music (lively and dynamic Fast Music: FM or calm and static Slow Music: SM) and in Study 2, 78 university students performed the chosen exercise (Dynamic Exercise: DE or Static Exercise: SE). The changes in their mood states after each task of 3 min were compared by using the vitality, stability, arousal, and pleasure scores of mood states in the Two-Dimensional Mood Scale (Sakairi, Nakatsuka, & Shimizu, 2013). Results indicated that pleasure scores increased significantly after all tasks. Increases in the vitality score, as activation effect, was confirmed to have occurred after listening to FM, and engaging in DE and SE. Furthermore, increase in the stability score, as relaxation effect, was exhibited after listening to SM and engaging in SE. These findings suggest that individuals can self-regulate their mood states by appropriately taking advantage of activation and relaxation effects of different types of music and exercises.

著者

田中 久美子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.15-21, 2015

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The relationship between test anxiety and restrained eating, as assessed by estimates of the calorie content of food was investigated. Female undergraduate students (<i>N</i>=169) participated in the study. They were shown two "healthy" (fruits) and four "unhealthy" foods (chocolate, potato chips, etc.), and were asked to estimate the calorie content of each food item. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing their test anxiety, as well as the Revised Restrained Scale. Results indicated that restrained eaters were more likely than unrestrained eaters to underestimate the calorie content of healthy food, regardless of their anxiety status. This finding suggested that restrained eaters, who are concerned with managing their weight, believe that healthy foods do not affect potential weight gain, which supported the health halo effect. Moreover, restrained eaters with low anxiety overestimated calories in sweets, which are unhealthy food, whereas restrained eaters with high anxiety underestimated their calories. These biases suggest that lower calorie estimation of unhealthy foods allowed restrained eaters to feel fewer cognitive conflicts associated with eating as an emotion regulation strategy.

著者

田中 久美子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.15-21, 2015 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

28

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The relationship between test anxiety and restrained eating, as assessed by estimates of the calorie content of food was investigated. Female undergraduate students (N=169) participated in the study. They were shown two “healthy” (fruits) and four “unhealthy” foods (chocolate, potato chips, etc.), and were asked to estimate the calorie content of each food item. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing their test anxiety, as well as the Revised Restrained Scale. Results indicated that restrained eaters were more likely than unrestrained eaters to underestimate the calorie content of healthy food, regardless of their anxiety status. This finding suggested that restrained eaters, who are concerned with managing their weight, believe that healthy foods do not affect potential weight gain, which supported the health halo effect. Moreover, restrained eaters with low anxiety overestimated calories in sweets, which are unhealthy food, whereas restrained eaters with high anxiety underestimated their calories. These biases suggest that lower calorie estimation of unhealthy foods allowed restrained eaters to feel fewer cognitive conflicts associated with eating as an emotion regulation strategy.

著者

津村 秀樹 嶋田 洋徳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.124-130, 2014

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Self-focused attention can contribute to increasing depressive moods. It is known that attending to self-referential stimuli that direct attention inward might induce self-focused attention. Distractions help to disengage attention from self-referential stimuli. However, the effects of distractions in attenuating the detrimental influences of self-focused attention on cognitive appraisal, depressive mood, and attentional resources, while attending to self-referential stimuli have not been investigated. This study examined whether walking exercise, which is a behavioral distraction technique, would attenuate the effects of self-focused attention. Undergraduate and graduate students (<i>N</i>=42) participated in walking exercise, while attending to self-referential stimuli. Then, they completed the Cognitive Appraisal Rating Scale (CARS), the depressive mood subscale of the Mood Inventory, and a digit span task, for assessing cognitive appraisal, depressive mood, and attentional resources, respectively. Results indicated that the walking exercise reduced the scores for appraisal for effect, which is a subscale of CARS, and lowered depressive mood scores. However, walking exercise had no effect on attentional resource scores. These results suggest that walking exercise modified the appraisal for effect and reduce depressive mood while attending to self-referential stimuli.

著者

Yasunaga Akitomo Yaguchi Koichi Noguchi Kyoko

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.103-112, 2014

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The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-sectional association between quality of life (QOL) in older adults and their interest in and standard of selection of clothing. The QOL of older adults in this study was assessed by the sense of life worth living (in Japanese, <i>Ikigai</i>). We hypothesized that having an interest in clothing and dressing behaviors may help maintain and enhance the QOL of older adults. In January 2010, a questionnaire survey including demographic factors (age, sex, and activities of daily living), interest in clothing, standard of selection of clothing, and sense of life worth living was distributed to 850 older Japanese people (aged 70–95 years) who were registered with a survey company. Responses from 499 people (256 men and 243 women; response rate, 58.7%) were analyzed. For standard of selection of clothing, all scores for women were higher than they were for men; no significant age-group differences were observed, however. Furthermore, scores for interest in one's own and others' dressing behavior and interest in fashion were significantly greater in those who were younger or independent. The hierarchical multiple regression analyses also showed that the clothing-related variables significantly explained variance of the sense of life worth living (<i>Ikigai</i>) in older people (from 10% to 23%). We suggest that selecting personal taste in dress and/or an interest in clothing contribute to maintaining and enhancing QOL in older adults.

著者

城月 健太郎 笹川 智子 野村 忍

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.42-48, 2007

被引用文献数

1 4 2

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The effect of negative rumination on social anxiety was investigated. In addition, since Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) patients also exhibit a high degree of comorbidity with mood disorders, therefore we also discussed the relation between SAD and depression. Participants were 343 undergraduate students who completed a set of question naires consisting of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS), the Short Fear of Negative Evaluation scale (SFNE), the Negative Rumination Scale (NRS), and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The results showed a moderate positive correlation between SADS, SFNE, NRS, and SDS (p<.01). After controlling for SDS, there remained a significant correlation between SADS, SFNE, and NRS (p<.01). Results of path analysis indicated the validity of the negative rumination model of social anxiety (GFI=.999, AGFI=.989, RMSEA=.001). Furthermore, all path coefficients were significant (p<.001), suggesting that negative rumination enhanced social anxiety and depression. These findings implicated the effect of negative rumination in reinforcing SAD. The possibility of interventions to prevent negative rumination in SAD treatment was discussed.

著者

城月 健太郎 笹川 智子 野村 忍

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.42-48, 2007

被引用文献数

1 4

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The effect of negative rumination on social anxiety was investigated. In addition, since Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) patients also exhibit a high degree of comorbidity with mood disorders, therefore we also discussed the relation between SAD and depression. Participants were 343 undergraduate students who completed a set of question naires consisting of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS), the Short Fear of Negative Evaluation scale (SFNE), the Negative Rumination Scale (NRS), and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The results showed a moderate positive correlation between SADS, SFNE, NRS, and SDS (p<.01). After controlling for SDS, there remained a significant correlation between SADS, SFNE, and NRS (p<.01). Results of path analysis indicated the validity of the negative rumination model of social anxiety (GFI=.999, AGFI=.989, RMSEA=.001). Furthermore, all path coefficients were significant (p<.001), suggesting that negative rumination enhanced social anxiety and depression. These findings implicated the effect of negative rumination in reinforcing SAD. The possibility of interventions to prevent negative rumination in SAD treatment was discussed.

著者

上野 雄己 鈴木 平 清水 安夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.20-34, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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This study aimed to develop a psychological resilience model for university athletes (PRMUA). University athletes (<i>N</i>=377; 188 men and 189 women, Mean age=19.70 years, <i>SD</i>=1.20) participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic questions and questions on resilience, resilience efficacy, stressors, stress response, and self-esteem. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothetical mediation model of PRMUA, which indicated that fit indices of the model satisfied statistical requirements (GFI=.99, AGFI=.94, CFI=.99, RMSEA=.08, AIC=48.32, BCC=48.93). Moreover, each path of PRMUA had a significant influence on each variable. Findings of this study partially supported our hypotheses regarding PRMUA. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of resilience. Moreover, longitudinal research is needed to develop practical uses for the model, such as increasing and predicting the resilience of athletic club members.

著者

小関 俊祐 巣山 晴菜 兼子 唯 鈴木 伸一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.35-44, 2014

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Effects of interpersonal rejection sensitivity and automatic thoughts relating to social phobia, trait anxiety, and depression, in university students in a teacher education course were investigated to determine if these effects differed between pre- and post-practicum students. We administered questionnaires to first year students (<i>n</i>=84; 37 boys and 47 girls) with no practicum experience (no practicum group) and to fourth year students (<i>n</i>=82; 51 boys and 31 girls) with a practicum experience (practicum group). The results showed that in the no practicum group, "Dependence on Evaluation by Others" and "Negative Expectations for the Future" significantly affected interpersonal rejection sensitivity and automatic thoughts related to social phobia, whereas "Negative Expectation for the Future" had a significant effect on these variables in the practicum group. In addition, "Negative Thoughts about the Self" significantly affected trait anxiety. Furthermore, "Fear of Relationship Failure" and "Unassertive Interpersonal Behavior significantly affected the "Fear of Hurting Others" in the no practicum group, whereas there was a significant effect of "Fear of Criticism by Others" on these variables in the practicum group. In both groups, there was a significant effect of "Negative Expectation for the Future" on depression, whereas in the no practicum group, there was a significant effect of "Positive Automatic Thoughts" on depression.

著者

齊藤 和貴 岡安 孝弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.12-19, 2014

被引用文献数

6

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Effects of social skills and self-esteem on resilience in university students were investigated. University students (<i>N</i>=252; <i>Mean age</i>=20.84±1.46 years) participated in this study by responding to the following instruments: Resilience Scale for Students (RS-S), Social Skills Self-Rating Scale and Rosenbergs Self-Esteem Scale. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that social skills and self-esteem predicted resilience. Moreover, in participants with low self-esteem, social skills had a more potent effect on resilience than in participants with high self-esteem. Based on these results, we have discussed the role of social skills and self-esteem on resilience.

著者

Yasunaga Akitomo Yaguchi Koichi

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.1-11, 2014

被引用文献数

3

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<b>Objective</b>: This study aimed to examine the association between the five factor model of personality and exercise level and self-efficacy (SE) for exercise in older Japanese adults. This study also examined whether SE mediates the association between personality and exercise behavior. <b>Methods</b>: A questionnaire survey was distributed that determined age, sex, physical health, exercise level, SE for exercise, and personality traits of 1,515 older Japanese adults. Of these 1,515 people, 876 aged 60–92 years completed the questionnaire survey. <b>Results</b>: Extraversion and conscientiousness were significantly and positively associated with exercise level after controlling for age, sex, and physical health. All domains of personality traits (extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were positive, but neuroticism was negative) were significantly correlated with SE for exercise. Structural equation modeling showed that only extraversion was directly affected by exercise level, all personality traits showed significant pathways to SE for exercise, and SE for exercise was the greatest predictor of exercise level in all pathways in the final model. <b>Conclusion</b>: Extraversion is directly associated with exercise level, extraversion, and other personality traits that are affected by SE for exercise. Additionally, SE for exercise is the greatest predictor of exercise level in older Japanese adults.

著者

堀内 明子 島崎 崇史 竹中 晃二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.63-76, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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Little is known about how children's physical activities are related to their cognitive performance and academic achievement. Therefore, we reviewed research investigating the effects of physical activity levels of children on cognitive performance and academic achievement and identified research trends. We searched electronic databases for literature published between 2000 and 2011 using the following key words: "children," "physical activity," "academic," "school," and "intervention". As a result, 10 studies were identified. Seven of these studies recognized improvements in children's cognitive performance and academic achievement. Moreover, it is suggested that schools are optimum places for conducting physical activity programs for children.

著者

尼崎 光洋 煙山 千尋 森 和代

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.53-62, 2014

被引用文献数

4

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This study examined the applicability of the health action process approach (HAPA) for determining the prevalence of physical exercise among Japanese workers (<i>N</i>=2,200; 1,100 men and 1,100 women; Mean age=39.89 years, <i>SD</i>=10.44), who participated in the study. They completed a packet of questionnaires that included an assessment of socio-demographic variables, such as gender and age, a modified physical exercise index, and an assessment of socio-cognitive variables, such as risk perception, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, behavioral intention, and planning. Structural equation modeling using the maximum likelihood estimation method was employed to examine the HAPA. Results indicated satisfactory fit indices (GFI=.997, AGFI=.989, CFI=.997, RMSEA=.031). Moreover, results confirmed the applicability of HAPA, which explained 34% of the variance in physical exercise among Japanese workers. Each path between observed variables in the HAPA model had a significantly positive influence on the corresponding variable, with the exception of the path from negative outcome expectancy to behavioral intention, which had a significantly negative effect. It is concluded that the HAPA is a useful framework for identifying the determinants of physical exercise prevalence among Japanese workers.

著者

本吉 大介 細野 広美

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.45-52, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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Cognitive appraisal of interpersonal stress in childcare workers was investigated from the perspective of interpersonal stress situations and social skills. Participants were kindergarten teachers (<i>n</i>=57) and nursery teachers (<i>n</i>=91). They responded to the Stress Cognitive Appraisal Scale and Kikuchi's Scale of Social Skills. Results indicated that dealings with parents and children were considered important sources of interpersonal stress, whereas dealings with superiors at the workplace were considered more difficult to control. The results of correlation analysis between social skills and cognitive appraisal of controlling interpersonal stress situations indicated that the two were positively correlated. These results indicate that childcare workers are positively involved in dealing with children and parents. Moreover, they have difficulties in controlling interpersonal stress with their superiors and colleagues. Positive correlations were found between the sense of controlling interpersonal stress situations and social skills. Therefore, it is suggested that improving social skills might enhance cognitive appraisal of controlling interpersonal stress.

著者

東口 和代 森河 裕子 三浦 克之 西条 旨子 田畑 正司 中川 秀昭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.64-72, 1998

被引用文献数

9 9

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This paper describes the development of an instrument, the Nursing Job Stressor Scale (NJSS). The statements on the job stressors were identified from the literature and redesigned to describe nursing situations that result in stress. A 55-items questionnaire was administered to a sample of 568 hospital nurses. Nurses were asked to indicate on a 5-point scale how intensively they experienced such situations as stressful. Factor analysis using a principal factoring with a varimax rotation resulted in 7 subscales that closely paralleled the conceptual categories of stressor on which the scale was based. These subscales were: conflict with other nursing staffs, nursing role conflict, conflict with physicians and autonomy, death and dying, qualitative work load, quantitative work load, conflict with patients. By selecting 33 items, a new set of the Nursing Job Stressor Scale was developed. Test-retest reliability as well as internal consistency indicated that the seven subscales were reliable. Validity was determined by correlating the total score from the Nusring Stresssor Scale with measures of burnout. These examinations showed the usefulness of the scale.

著者

村山 恭朗 岡安 孝弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.67-76, 2012

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Some studies have suggested that depressive ruminations are stable over time, whereas other studies have indicated that ruminations have state-like characteristic, with no consistent stability of ruminations. Moreover, there is little research on the interactive relationship between ruminations and stressors, even though past studies have implied the possibility of such a relationship. We conducted a three-wave, longitudinal study to investigate the stability of ruminations and the interactive relationship between ruminations and stressors. Participants were female college students (<i>N</i>=53, Mean age 18.98±1.15 years). Results indicated absolute and relative stability between the interval T1 and T2, but only relative stability in the interval between T2 and T3 and the interval between T1 and T3 interval. Moreover, the results of path analysis suggested an interactive relationship between ruminations and stressors.

著者

松井 美由紀 乗松 貞子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.1-9, 2012

被引用文献数

2

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Physiological and psychological effects of illumination with different colored lights on humans were investigated in order to improve lighting conditions in medical treatment environments. Women (<i>n</i>=12) participated in an experiment in which they were exposed to illumination using 900 lx and 200 lx white fluorescent lamps, and a 200 lx lamp covered with a green cellophane transparent film. Physiological variables such as heart rate, HF values, LF/HF ratio, and Chromogranin A in saliva, as well as psychological variables such as subjective feelings of relaxation were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale test and the short version of the Japanese Profile of Mood. Participants subjected to stress conditions created by using the Uchida&ndash;Kraepelin test under white fluorescent lighting and then tested after 15 min of rest following stress in all three lighting conditions. Results indicated that there was a suppression of sympathetic activity, an increase in parasympathetic activity, as well as an improvement in physiological responses when using the 200 lx green light. There was also an improvement in psychological reactions and the feeling of relaxation, as well as a reduction in anxiety-tension, fatigue and confusion.

著者

吉岡 久美子 三沢 良

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.93-103, 2012

被引用文献数

3

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A hypothetical model of the process by which the causal attribution of depression is mediated by stigma of mental illness was developed, and its effect on social distance was investigated. We conducted household interviews with respondents (<i>n</i>= 1000, aged 20-69 years, 500 men and 500 women) in 25 nationwide locations that were extracted by area sampling. A path analysis was conducted by using a structural equation modeling. Results indicated the following. (a) There were positive effects of &ldquo;causal attribution to external events&rdquo; on &ldquo;dangerousness&rdquo; , &ldquo;possibility of control&rdquo; and &ldquo;social distance.&rdquo; (b) &ldquo;Causal attribution to internal characteristics&rdquo; had negative effects on &ldquo;dangerousness&rdquo; and &ldquo;possibility of control.&rdquo; (c) The &ldquo;dangerousness&rdquo; had a positive effect on &ldquo;social distance.&rdquo; The implications of these findings to knowledge and understanding about mental illness and for raising public awareness are discussed.

著者

荒木 友希子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.104-113, 2012

被引用文献数

2

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Defensive pessimists are considered to be adaptive because of their high academic performance. However, there are few experimental studies on this topic. Defensive pessimism (DP) in Japanese university students was investigated using the experimental procedure developed by Norem and Illingworth (1993). We investigated how DP individuals perform after experiencing failure using the learned helplessness paradigm and assessed salivary amylase activity as an empirical physiological parameter. The participants were prescreened into DP or strategic optimist (SO) groups and randomly assigned to either the d-condition, in which they had to list their thoughts about an upcoming task; or to the s-condition, in which they worked on a clerical accuracy task. After these manipulations, participants were asked to perform three arithmetic tasks, constructed such that all questions in the first and third tasks were solvable, but some questions in the second task was insolvable. An ANOVA indicated that there were no significant main effects or interactions on the performance of the first task after the manipulation. Anxiety of DP/d group was higher than in the SO/d group. These results question the validity of the DP experimental paradigm. On the third task, after the participants experimented failure, the DP group performed significantly worse than the SO group, suggesting that stress tolerance in the DP group was lower than in the SO group.