1 0 0 0 二段階緩和法に基づく鋼構造骨組の最適離散断面選択法
- 著者
- 吉冨 信太 山川 誠 上谷 宏二
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.69, no.586, pp.95-100, 2004
- 参考文献数
- 11
- 被引用文献数
- 2 11
A method is proposed for selecting optimum discrete sections of steel frames using a two-step relaxation method. At the first step, the discrete optimization problem is approximately solved by using a continuous optimization problem wherein approximate expressions are applied to the standard sections. At the second step, the near optimal set of discrete sections is selected using the solution of the relaxation problem whose design space is limited to the neighborhood of the optimal solution obtained in the first step. Through the numerical example of a 6-story 5-bay plane frame under elastic constraints, it is demonstrated that a discrete solution can be obtained whose rate of increase in total steel volume from the continuous optimum design is only 1.8%. This approach is general enoueh to be applied to the problems under elastic-plastic constraints and those with any type of standard section lists.
1 0 0 0 OA 明治中期の大阪市小学校校舎における和風意匠について
- 著者
- 川島 智生
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.62, no.492, pp.223-230, 1997-02-28 (Released:2017-02-02)
- 参考文献数
- 53
- 被引用文献数
- 1 2
As the result of study on characteristics in architecture of schools at the middle of Meiji Era, a knowledge was acquired as follows. 1) Since 1893. a large number of schools were built. The reason for it was considered the revival of school district system. 2) Some kinds of shapes of ground plan are based on model plans designed by the municipality. 3) Two styles of designs are mentioned as followed. One is Nagayamon-style, and the other is Jpanese-style, which was put into two types, Gottengakko style and the style adopted partially at entrance. 4) Thanks to the school district system, they were free to adopt the style of palace, samurai-residence, and feudal schools. 5) The design of Gottengakko was concerned with architects belonging to Osaka Prefecture.
- 著者
- 鶴田 佳子 佐藤 圭二
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, no.470, pp.149-159, 1995
- 参考文献数
- 25
- 被引用文献数
- 2 1
Almost all major cities in Japan applied the land readjustment projects for their urbanization mainly under Article 12 of the City Planning Act of 1919 during the early period of modern city planning. Such cities as Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya aimed to provide infrastructure and to practice detailed district plans by "private" land readjustment projects under Article 12, which were approved by the local government to landowners' associations. In Osaka and Nagoya, these projects were effectively executed with city-wide urban planning and positive public support. Contrarily, the projects under Article 12 in Kobe were merely for suburban development.
1 0 0 0 用水路周辺部における住宅の水使用と利用者意識の分析
- 著者
- 村川 三郎 西田 勝 越川 康夫 渡辺 裕之
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.362, pp.44-54, 1986
- 被引用文献数
- 3
The purpose of this study is to collect the basic data for planning effective using systems of water resources in region. We research and analyse the people's water uses and opinions in the dwelling houses, which are along the 9 channels in the river basins of the Chigusa, the Maruyama, the Asahi, the Chikugo and the Yabe. We describe the frequencies of water uses in each purpose of using water and the opinions for saving water. We analyse the relation between the character of family and the water uses by the Quantity theory cluster III, and we clarify the difference so that the urban people pay attention to water uses more than the rural people. In three cases using tap, well and channel waters, we analyse the water uses, the opinion of water uses, the evaluation of water quality and the factors of water using pattern. In these analyses, we clarify that the tap waters are lower than the well waters in the evaluations of "Smell", "Temperature" and "Taste", and we describe that the people using well and channel waters have the requirement to keep the presented water use system, and that the degree of the requirement is affected by water quality. Considering the relation between the water quality and the evaluation of water and the relation between the water quality and the water use, we clarify that the relation between water index S (COD, turbidity) and the evaluation of water R makes an approximation with an equation R=kln (S/So), (Now, k and So : constants), and that there are similar relations between these indexes and the ways of water use.
- 著者
- 上野 勝久
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.1301, 1990-07
- 著者
- 籔谷 祐介 中原 宏
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.82, no.740, pp.2661-2671, 2017 (Released:2017-10-30)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 5 4
Community action groups are expected as new groups to support the life of the community instead of territorial groups. In recent years, “Community design” that the expert support to forming community action groups to solve regional problems is getting a lot of attention. It is important for community designer to select the action type of the groups taking the motivations of members to participate into consideration. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between the motivations of members to participate community action groups and action types of the groups through the comparison between “action type of player” and “action type of area manager”. “Action type of player” is an action type of the group to act oneself as a player to creative a new social action, and “action type of area manager” is an action type of the group to make a place, system and opportunity for player to act to change the area. First, We made 32-items scale of motivations of members to participate community action groups in reference to scale of motivations to participate volunteer activities (Table2). We performed the questionnaire survey by using the scale targeting 153 members in 10 groups. By factor analysis using answers to the questionnaire, it was clarified that the motivations to participate community action groups is composed of the following 8 factors: “self-growth needs” factor, “desire for social contribution” factor, “belongingness and interaction needs” factor, “having spare time” factor, “desire to return for kindness ” factor, “desire to help family” factor, “desire to get evaluation in the society” factor and “desire for recognition from others” factor (Table3). Second, the motivations of members in 10 groups were classified as follows: “type of using spare time”, “type of desire for recognition from others” and “type of self-actualization needs”(Fig. 2). In “type of using spare time”, there were tendencies to be a lot of members in their 20's or younger, 60's or older, and without occupation. They had motivations to want to get evaluation in the society and to do what was useful for family. In “type of desire for recognition from others”, there were tendencies to be a lot of members in their 40's, self-employed workers and public servants. They had motivations to want to return for kindness of others and to be needed by them. In “type of self-actualization needs”, there were tendencies to be a lot of professional members. They had intrinsic motivations to want to make better community by using professional skill, to grow and to enjoy acting with other members. Third, we investigated the relationship between the motivations to participate the groups and their action types. The result was that there were tendencies to be a lot of members of “type of using spare time” and “type of desire for recognition from others” in the groups of “action type of player” and to be a lot of members of “type of self-actualization needs” in the groups of “action type of area manager”(Fig. 4). In other words, it was clarified that most of members in the groups of “action type of player” had extrinsic motivations, but on the other hand most of members in the groups of “action type of area manager” had intrinsic motivations.
- 著者
- 加藤 瞭 後藤 春彦 吉江 俊
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.81, no.730, pp.2741-2751, 2016 (Released:2016-12-30)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 3 4
Currently a type of outdoor advertisement, which cannot be truly defined as outdoor advertisement, is partially constructing the street landscape of commercial districts. In this study this type of advertisement is labeled as “semi outdoor advertisement”. Taking the commercial district of Ginza as a subject of research, this study will enable one to understand the character and display methods of “semi outdoor advertisement” in urban landscapes by comparing it to conventional outdoor advertisement. To arrive at a representative comparison the following 3 steps are carried out: (1.) Based on the elements of streetscapes, the 179 streets of the Ginza district are categorized into 8 different types, which can promote clear understanding of Ginza's spatial structure. (2.) By conducting a mesh analysis of the street facades as well as research on the existing conditions of advertisement installations, the amount of existing outdoor advertisement and “semi outdoor advertisement” will be quantitatively revealed. (3.) By sampling all advertisements in the streetscapes, several groups were extracted, according to their forms and information. Based on this research, advertisements in streets differ in forms and their information, which can be recognized as the difference of scenery within Ginza. Those analyses can be suggestive in order to understand regional characteristics created by streetscapes. In addition, it was revealed that near about half of the advertisement constructing streetscape within commercial districts are “semi outdoor advertisement” which cannot be regulated as outdoor advertisement. These “semi outdoor advertisement” will get more influence in streetscape and cannot be ignored, since they are increasing disorderly. These changes transform the urban informational environment, by changing the characteristics of media information and installation of advertisements. Therefore towards the streetscape maintenance in present commercial districts, it is necessary to position “semi outdoor advertisement” as the candidate of streetscape design control. In order to be able to control the design of commercial districts this study also makes evident the imperative to develop guidelines, which regulate the use of “semi outdoor advertisement”, to maintain the landscape. Furthermore, from the perspective of landscape conception, additional guidelines to make adequate use of the merits of “semi outdoor advertisement” will be necessary. In the future, we should deal with not only outdoor advertisement but “semi outdoor advertisement” in law and cityscape ordinance and hold design discussions about “semi outdoor advertisement”.
1 0 0 0 OA 取葺と呼ばれた板葺屋根の系譜
- 著者
- 土屋 直人 西山 哲雄 早見 洋平 土本 俊和
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.70, no.594, pp.155-162, 2005-08-30 (Released:2017-02-11)
This paper traces one of the wooden tiled roofs called Toribuki. Toribuki fixes wooden tiles to a roof by means not by pegs or strings but by stones, bamboos or logs. Each wooden tile is not planed and uniform, and is easily replaced for a very short time and finally used as fuel. Today the remains of Toribuki almost disappeared except some properties. Yet, the term dates from late medieval and the examples date from the late ancient. Toribuki could be seen both in the lower-class buildings and in the attached small buildings particularly completed by no craftsmen.
- 著者
- チェー ダラヴィット 加藤 信男 宮内 博之 田中 享二
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 研究報告集 I, 材料・施工・構造・防火・環境工学 (ISSN:13464361)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.79, pp.13-16, 2009-03
- 著者
- 宮野 道雄
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.1368, 1995-02-20
1 0 0 0 9432 オークラ東京メインロビー調査 その3 音環境
- 著者
- 北尾 靖雅 木川 剛志 石田 潤一郎 キム ジュヤ リム テヒ 中川 理
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 学術講演梗概集. F-1, 都市計画, 建築経済・住宅問題 (ISSN:13414534)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.2005, pp.141-142, 2005-07-31
- 著者
- 荻野 司 須永 修通 増井 周平 酒井 浩介
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.81, no.729, pp.1007-1016, 2016
The Active Energy-saving Control System for Air-Conditioning (hereafter called "AECS-AC") was introduced to an office room where there were multiple indoor air-conditioning units and the results of verification experiments conducted in summer and winter with a focus on the thermal environment and the temperature adjustment actions of the people in the room were analysed. This system reduces deterioration of room conditioning by sensing when the occupants switch the air conditioning on and off. Ultimately, the system should satisfy the thermal comfort requests of occupants by feedback of their adjustment behaviour, rather than by collecting the occupants' attributes, thermal and comfort sensations, and psychological conditions.<br> The main results are as follows.<br> 1) In summer (Jul.-Sep.), AECS-AC was conducted at a pre-set temperature of 26°C in an office room with multiple indoor units, which were alternately grouped into two. After the air conditioning mode was stabilized, the mean room temperature was maintained at 26-28°C irrespective of the outdoor temperature. The temperature variation at the sensor positions due to the start-stop operations of the indoor units was 1-1.5°C and the room temperature variation across the office room was about 2-3°C.<br> 2) In winter (Dec.-Feb.), AECS-AC was conducted at a pre-set temperature of 22°C in an office room with multiple indoor units, which were alternately grouped into two. After the air conditioning mode was stabilized, the mean room temperature was maintained at 22-25°C irrespective of the outdoor temperature. The temperature variation at the sensor positions due to the start-stop operations of the indoor units was 1°C and the room temperature variation across the office room was about 2°C.<br> 3) In the air-conditioning control according to the number of occupant's switching-on/off actions, the AECS-AC followed the change in the thermal environment caused by the influence of the outdoor temperature.<br> 4) The number of manual switching-on/off actions varied from place to place in the room and differed between the perimeter side and the interior side. The occupant's preference on the thermal environment could be deduced from their air conditioner adjustment actions.<br> 5) According to the questionnaire results in winter, almost neutral air-conditioning control could be realized for the occupants based on their answers that 60-80% were neither hot nor cold. Regarding comfort evaluation, about 50% of answers of “comfortable” and “slightly comfortable” were accounted, and it went up to about 80-90% if including the answers of “neither of them.”<br> The above results show that the AEC-AC based on the number of people's air conditioning adjustment actions realized air-conditioning control appropriately to the thermal environment of an office room with multiple air conditioners.<br> Furthermore, the possibility of personal-like air-conditioning realization was shown by controlling an indoor unit individually.
- 著者
- 谷川 正己
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会東北支部研究報告集 (ISSN:13434713)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.20, pp.57-60, 1972-09-30
1 0 0 0 新橋演舞場新築工事概要
- 出版者
- 日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.476, pp.109-112, 1925-01