著者

池見 猛

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.301-314, 1935

被引用文献数

1

著者

有路 智恵 関 健介 金子 哲也

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.144-150, 2014 (Released:2014-07-23)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3

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Chie ARIJI1, Kensuke SEKI2 and Tetsuya KANEKO2Introduction : The low pass rate of candidates from the Republic of Indonesia taking the Japanese National Nurse Examination is a matter of national concern. We analyzed their answers to examination questions, and extracted weak points.Methods : We asked Indonesian examinees to reproduce their own answers to 50 compulsory questions in the 100th national examination (2011). They were also requested to extract difficult words, and evaluate the effectiveness of Japanese and English ruby.Results : Data from 42 examinees were analyzed. The only significant difference between two groups of examinees with and without sufficient scores was the years of their stay in Japan. There was no significant difference associated with the occupational or educational history. Japanese and English were judged as meaningless by both high-and middle-scoring groups. A total of 92 difficult words were extracted, and 80% of them were everyday language rather than medical terms. The rate of correctly answered questions with the extracted, difficult words in the text body or appropriate answers was significantly lower.Conclusions : Difficult common words clearly had a negative impact on candidates' score in the national examination, suggesting that daily active communication in Japanese would promote their progress toward passing the examination.

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.Appendix, pp.38-93, 1997-11-06 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

日本民族衛生学会

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.Appendix, pp.16-25, 1982 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

齋藤 茂三郎

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.188-198, 1932-08-20 (Released:2010-11-19)

著者

小島 光洋

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.6, pp.186-191, 2015-11-30 (Released:2016-01-04)

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The author is attracted to the reports which record the community health activities. The reason is that he has been taken into the situation described there and felt as if he faced the same situation and experienced just the same things, which makes him enable to develop new ways to think. Such reports are written in a way that reporters describe what they actually experience and observe.The author took up the theme of “case-reporting as methodology”, because I have often met reports which only tell the results of measuring something but fail in conveying what reporters actually experienced. There might be misunderstanding that case-reporting is not allowed to be taken as a scientific way, and in consequence case-reports seldom come out in front of me.While touching on the essentials of natural science in relation to the observation of the natural world, this presentation tried to clarify the role and the purpose of case-reporting in the aspect of method with which one can describe what he or she experiences and observes in the community health activities.

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.6, pp.279-321, 1972 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

丸井 英二

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.2, pp.57-58, 2016-03-31 (Released:2016-04-25)

著者

加藤 正博 米倉 育男 小川 威彦

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1-2, pp.25-30, 1947-07-30 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

藤井 厚志 桑田 有

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.6, pp.217-227, 2016

被引用文献数

1

---

<p>It has been suggested that comprehensive dietary variables and depressive states are associated, but the relationship in Japanese university students when adjusted for psychological factors is not clear. We investigated the association between food-intake patterns and depressive states after adjusting for the influence of psychological factors in university students enrolled in a registered dietician training course in Japan. 256 students who participated in this study were administered questionnaires, and they underwent a physical measurement survey. Of the 240 students who completed the survey items, food-intake patterns were evaluated by principal component analysis from the results of the self-administered food frequency questionnaires, and the principal component score of each individual's pattern were calculated. Depressive states were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios of depressive states (CES-D &ge; 16) with adjustments for potential confounding variables, such as psychological factors. This study was conducted with the approval of the ethics committee of the University of Human Arts and Sciences Ethics. We identified three food-intake patterns: "A Japanese food-intake pattern of side dish", "A western food-intake pattern of side dish", "A staple food intake pattern". "A Japanese food-intake pattern of side dish" characterized by high intakes of seaweeds, mushrooms, green and yellow vegetables, seafood, light-colored vegetables, potatoes, and pickles was associated with lower rates of depressive states. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of having depressive states for "A Japanese food-intake pattern of side dish" was 0.64 (confidence in tervals = 0.46-0.89, P value = 0.008) . Our results suggested that "A Japanese food-intake pattern of side dish" may be related to decreased prevalence of depressive states in Japanese university students.</p>

著者

福崎 哲

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.112-130, 1984

被引用文献数

1

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In this project we attempted to determine the influence of day-and night-shift working coditions upon the unconscious behaviour of the workers using the overall concept of dividing their personalities into "superficial" and "deep" levels, unlike the conventional methods employed. Although it is premature to think that this method can immediately be applicable, it may become a useful method for the analysis of acquired influences. For explicit behaviour, like "living tempo" or "time language", a strong introvertive consciousness is required, whereas facial expressions, actions, or speech, which characterize dynamic patterns and indications, are outwardly exhibited and are regarded as a cluster of variables enabling observations from the outside. This allows us to utilize the characteristics of inhibiting a defensive reaction, and secondly by enabling the recognition of the influence after a long period of time thus becoming an effective means of standardizing the method for future research and development.

著者

生地 新

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.6, pp.180-185, 2015-11-30 (Released:2016-01-04)

参考文献数

2

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It seems that research designs with large sample size employing statistical analysis are regarded as valuable in modern research of medicine or public health. Significance of case study may be forgotten in recent years. In quantitative researches based on a large number of cases, individuality and bumpiness of each cases are leveled flatly, and we cannot acquire precise information about personal histories behind each cases, course of diseases or process of treatment from such researches. Case studies can provide meaningful information to those engaged in clinical practice or public health activities in communities. There is complementary relationship between quantitative researches with large sample size and case studies, and both types of study are essential. However, professional skills which each professional acquire through his experience are not sufficiently described in case studies as well as in qualitative researches. The author thinks that we could acquire professional skills only through working with and learning from experts under apprenticeship system. In medical disciplines, we come to be able to make scientific and effective interventions, when three types of learning; knowing information from qualitative researches, learning from case studies and acquisition of skills through practical experience under apprenticeship system, meet together.

著者

木田 春代 武田 文 門間 貴史 朴峠 周子 浅沼 徹 藤原 愛子 香田 泰子

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.1, pp.3-14, 2015

被引用文献数

2

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Objective : This study investigates whether the working status of mothers results in an unbalanced diet (no acceptance of disliked foods) of their preschool children, and the relationship of the preschool children's unbalanced diet and its relevant factors.<br>Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted using the responses of 1,145 mothers at 15 public kindergartens in a suburban city located in the Kanto region. A self-rating questionnaire examined mother's age and working, child's age and gender, the unbalanced diet of mother and their child, and eating education provided to child.<br>Results : The unbalanced diet of children were not associated with the working status of their mothers. Among non-working mothers, the causal factors of the unbalanced diet of their children were classified as the unbalanced diet of the mother, neglecting to instruct child not to waste food, not giving to child's meal child disagreeable foods or weak foods. Among working mothers, not engaging their child to help in the preparation of meals was the most prominent cause of children's diet unbalances.<br>Conclusion : It was suggested that although the working status of mothers has no direct effect on the unbalanced diet of their childrens, differences in the factors relating to the unbalanced diet of their childrens depend on whether the mother is employed or unemployed.

著者

竹原 健二 三砂 ちづる 本田 靖

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.6, pp.215-224, 2006-11-30

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of this study is to comprehend the correlation between the conditions of experience in sexual behavior and the sex education needs of high school students. We conducted a cross-sectional study in January-February 2004 using self-response sheetstargeting 681 students (15-16 years old) attending three public high schools in Ibaraki Prefecture and received valid responses from 627. The subjects of the analysis were divided into three groups depending on the conditions of experience in sexual behavior. We found that, as sexual behavior becomes more active, there are more pressing needs for sexual behavior related information such as "contraceptive methods" and "sexually transmitted infectious diseases" while lessinterest is shown in "male and female psychology" or "interaction between the sexes, " It became clear that the source of sex-related information is shifting from textbooks and school instruction to friends and news media. Although 30-40% of the subjects responded that they wanted to know more about the "nature of love" and "interaction between the sexes, " that is hardly handled in sex education. This suggests that needs and the sources of information on sex-related issues also differ.Judging from this result, if instruction in sex education had more varied content depending on experience in sexual behavior, there would likely be a strong possibility of being able to respond better to student needs. Though the primary issues handled in current sex education are probably centered in the provision of medical knowledge, it can be assumed that high school students want to know more essential matters as well as specific methods and it would be desirable for sex education to provide more multifaceted information.

著者

福田 邦三 畠山 一平

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.16-19,en2, 1949

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わが國の農村の見本としてわれわれが採つたこの村では<BR>1.同系結婚は大部分イトコ同士結婚(4親等)であつた(13.41%).その他には5親等2.95%,6親等1.61%,7親等1.07%が見られた.<BR>2.同系結婚の優生学的指標は<BR>I=0.009631<BR>I′=0.1541<BR>3.イトコ同士結婚だけを調査した場合には指標は0.1341と出るから,吾々がした樣に之より縁の薄い同系結婚を調べ出した場合の数字に比べて明かに稍々小さ過ぎるわけである.その差異は5親等以下をイトコ結婚に換算した場合に50家庭の代りに57.5家庭という数字を得るべき程度である.言いかえればわが國の農村では此の村の例で見ると,13.4%のイトコ結婚があり,イトコ半以下をも合せ考えると15.4%のイトコ結婚があるのに相当している.これらの数字はヨーロツパの血族結婚率に比べて著しく高率であり,優生学上日本人の結婚習慣の一つの甚だ好ましからぬ側面を示すものである.

著者

岩井 貫一

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.28-36,A4, 1959

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The author made an investion of the range of mating and consanguineous marrige in this village. The results were as follows.<BR>1. The range of mating in 804 cases of marriage group (including 680 husbands in their first marriage and 160 in their second marriage) in this village were:<BR>Marriage in the same hamlet of the village;. c. c89 cases (10.5%)<BR>Marriage in the village;. c. c197 cases (23.5%)<BR>Marriage between the neighbouring villages or towns;. c. c196 ceses (23.4%)<BR>Marriage in another village of Tagata-gun;. c. c124 cases (14.7%)<BR>Marriage in the same prefecture;. c. c174 cases (20.8%)<BR>Marriage in another prefecture;. c. c60 cases (7.1%)<BR>(husbands are all grown up in this village)<BR>From the periodical point of view, the percentage of the marriage in the same village was 53.5% in the Meiji days, 35.0% in the Taisho days, and 28.8% in the Showa days, and it seems grandually decreasing, while the percentage of the marriag between the neighbouring villages were increased.<BR>2. The range of mating in 341 cases of marriage (womens cases who went out of the village and married) were;<BR>Tagata-gun;. c. c111 cases (32.6%)<BR>Shizuoka prefecture;. c. c144 cases (42.2%)<BR>Out of Shizuoka prefecture;. c. c83 cases (24.3%)<BR>Foreign countries;. c. c3 cases (0.9%)<BR>3. The range of mating of people who moved out of the village (but they have their permanent domicile in the village) are;<BR>Marriage in the village;. c. c54 cases (21.64%)<BR>Marriage in Tagata-gun;. c. c57 cases (22.8%)<BR>Marriage in Shizuoka Prefecture;. c. c73 cases (29.2%)<BR>Marriage out of Shizuoka Prefecture;. c. c66 cases (26.4%)<BR>4. Of the 22 cases (2.6%) of Consanguineous marriage in this village, 10 cases were marriages among cousins.<BR>According to the results obtained, the rang of mating of this village is rather wide, and the percentage of consanguineous marriage is low.<BR>This fact shows that the economic conditions of this village has influenced upon. their marriage.

著者

岡田 勇

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.320-329, 1969

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In January, 1959, I made researches on the marriage circle as well as the consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages of all the 444 couples living in Kobori Section (462 houses), Takatsuki-ch&ocirc;, Ikagun, Shiga Prefecture, which section is famous for the long life of its inhabitants. And in May, 1959, I made the same researches of the 197 couples of random sampling living in Asakuni, Shofuku-ji and Iwane villages (330 houses in total) in Iwane Section, Koseicho, Kogagun, in the same prefecture, which section is famous for the short life of its inhabitants. The following are the conclusions arrived at : 1) On the marriage circle by age-groups of males There is a tendency that the younger the age is, the larger the marriage circle becomes in both sections. As to the marriages between the same villagers, the former section shows 20. 72% and the latter section shows 30.46% and the difference between the two sections is statistically significant at the level of 1.0% (X<SUP>2</SUP>=6.71>X<SUP>2</SUP><SUB>0.01</SUB>=6.63). On the other hand, as to the marriages between the different villagers or townspeople in this prefecture, the former section shows 27.25% and the latter section shows 19.28%, and the difference between the two sections is statistically significant at the level of 5.0% (X<SUP>2</SUP>=4.73>X<SUP>2</SUP><SUB>0.05</SUB>=3.84). Therefore, the marriage circle of the former section is larger than that of the latter. 2) On the consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriage by age-groups of males As to the consanguineous marriage, Kobori Section shows 10.59% and Iwane Section shows 13.71%. The latter section is larger in percentage than the former, though the difference is statistically insignificant. Of the consanguineous marriages, those between cousins are the most numerous in both sections. In the former section 76.6% of the consanguineous marriages (8.11% of all the couples) and in the latter section 77.8% of the same (10.66% of all the couples) are marriages betweencousins. By the age-groups of males, there is no clear distinction between the two sections. 3) On the marriage circle of consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages The consanguineous marriages of both Kobori and Iwane secions include more marriages between the same villagers than the non-consanguineous ones of them, with statistically significant differences at the level of 1.0% respectively (X<SUP></SUP>= 12.54>X<SUP></SUP><SUB>0.01</SUB> = 6.63: X<SUP>2</SUP>= 15.69>X<SUP>2</SUP><SUB>0.01</SUB>=6.63), while the non-consanguineous marriages of both Kobori and Iwane sections include more marriages between the different villagers or townspeople in the same prefecture than the consanguineous ones of them, with statistically significant differences at the level of 1.0% respectively (X<SUP>2</SUP> = 9.28>X<SUP>2</SUP><SUB>0.01</SUB> = 6.63: X<SUP>2</SUP> = 7.45>X<SUP>2</SUP><SUB>0.01</SUB> = 6.63). Therefore, in both sections the circle of consanguineous marriages is far narrower than that of non-consanguineous marriages.

著者

津金 昌一郎

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.124-132, 1989

被引用文献数

2

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戦後ボリビアへ移住し30数年にわたって,集団生活を営んでいる,沖縄出身者より構成されている移住地(オキナワ移住地)と,九州を中心とした本土出身者よりなる移住地(サンファン移住地)のそれぞれにおいて,現在の食生活パタンを明らかにすると共に,それがどのような因子により規定されているのかを検討した. その結果,現在のオキナワ移住地の食生活の特徴として豚肉や動物油の摂取が挙げられる一方,サンファン移住地のそれは,魚・漬物・鶏肉・果物の摂取の多さと,調味料として砂糖・食塩・醤油を頻回に使うという食生活であった. また,主成分分析の結果として,移住先での食生活を規定する最も大きな因子としては,牛肉・パン・コーヒーなどで代表される食生活のボリビア化が挙げられたが,移住前の出身地域における食文化の影響が第2主成分として根強く存在している事が明らかになった.

著者

安里 龍 友利 啓子 東盛 キヨ子 新城 澄枝 金城 須美子 山本 茂

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.219-236, 1995-07-30

参考文献数

81

被引用文献数

2

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Okinawa prefecture, consisting of the Ryukyu Islands in the southern part of Japan archiperago, is located in the subtropics. From ancient time, Okinawa had developed trading networks with China, Korea and many Southeast Asian countries and had received cultural influence from them. As the results, it is said that the foods consumed by, and food habits of, Okinawans, have been more similar to those in such countries than in Japan. The life span of Japanese has recently become longest in the world, and it has been longer in Okinawa than in any other prefectures. In this respect, special attention has been drawn to the historical aspects of Okinawan food habits. In the literature so far, however, typical foods, recipes and food habits in specific historical periods were documented but their compiled description throughout the history was lacking. This paper aims at a comprehensive description of the various events from the ancient time to the present to demonstrate their interrelation in a chronicle. Major a pects treated are introduction of foods, food production systems, food-processing, trades, marketing activities, food consumptions, religious roles of food services, and famines caused by natural and man-made disasters in relation to food habits.

著者

門司 和彦 中澤 港 河野 泰之 梅崎 昌裕

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.60-67, 2014 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

19

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During the 20th century, Japanese society experienced dramatic demographic changes accompanied by shifts in the epidemiological and health-related domains. During this demographic transition, mortality rates have declined, life expectancy has increased, and fertility rates have declined. Since 2008, the population has decreased and is expected to continue decreasing, with a higher average age. These changes are associated with shifts in the distribution of employment opportunities ; in the composition of households ; and in the balance between rural and urban populations, in favor of the latter, with jobs moving from the agricultural sector to manufacturing and service industries. Lifestyles have changed, social bonds have weakened, and the economic gap between generations and genders has increased. These changes have challenged society's ability to provide adequate and financially sustainable medical and nursing services while also reducing the potential environmental burden on future generations. The close relationship between demographic and social changes underlying this transition renders it difficult to mitigate the effects of future aging and shrinking of the Japanese population. Indeed, to develop strategies for the post-transition reality, various scenarios related to the population dynamics of the future must be examined. To this end, we suggest replacing the concept of chronological age with one of biological and societal age. Biological age can be represented by life-expectancy-equivalent age or by healthy life-expectancy-equivalent age, and societal age can be represented by age-structure-equivalent age. A healthy aging population should be promoted by developing sound relations between health and the natural, man-made, and societal environment.