著者

木暮 貴政 西村 泰昭 西村 章 白川 修一郎

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.171-176, 2007-11-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5

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To evaluate the effects of comfort in a hypnagogic posture on sleep feelings estimated by standardized OSA sleep inventory MA version and sleep quality measured by actigraph, eighteen healthy subjects (8 males, 10 females), aged 61-65, were recorded, sleeping in their homes for 15 consecutive nights under two crossover designed conditions from Friday. A subject slept for 7 consecutive nights (4 adaptation nights and 3 nights for analysis) on a relatively comfortable mattress first and then for 8 consecutive nights (4 adaptation nights, 3 nights for analysis and excluded last night) on a relatively uncomfortable mattress. The results showed the sleep on a relatively comfortable mattress indicated better sleep quality and feelings.

著者

林 小百合 江頭 優佳 岡田 俊

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.38-45, 2022-05-25 (Released:2022-05-25)

参考文献数

50

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To organize previous findings, this study reviewed neuropsychological studies on the effects of reward on response inhibition. The evidence from these neuropsychological and physiological-psychological studies with healthy adults and children supports reward modulation of the inhibitory system and its developmental changes. The studies with children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who had deficits in the reward system and inhibitory control, suggest positive effects of reward on ADHD and the significance of considering the characteristics of reward sensitivity among children with ADHD. Our review suggests the significance of exploring various neuropsychological mechanisms, including populations with diverse developmental stages, neurodevelopmental disorders, and other neuropsychological characteristics, to trace the path that reward takes to influence behavioral inhibition among individuals.

著者

香川 雅春

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.59-75, 2022-08-25 (Released:2022-08-25)

参考文献数

112

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Prolongation of healthy life expectancy has been an important global issue to be achieved where the world population is continuously growing, and acceleration of ageing society in many countries and regions. Ageing causes a number of physiological changes including loss of skeletal muscle tissues and fat distribution pattern, which may increase risk of health problems such as metabolic syndrome, underweight, and sarcopenia. An early screening and diagnosis of health problems among the elderly are therefore essential to maintain health and well-being of this population. Anthropometry is a simple, portable, cost-effective, and non-invasive technique that commonly applied to screen health problems. This review describes common anthropometric variables and their cut-off points that have been utilized in health screening for the elderly and also considerations and its future prospects.

著者

秋月 千典 大橋 ゆかり

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.171-179, 2013-11-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of the method of KR providing on motor learning and functional task difficulty using the probe reaction time technique. Fourteen young male participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups (immediately KR and summary KR). Participants were required to perform two tasks simultaneously. The primary task consisted of a treadmill walk with specific step lengths, and the secondary task consisted of a probe reaction time task. The results suggested that motor learning may be accelerated by summary KR since summary KR probably elicited moderate functional task difficulty.

著者

浅井 英典 藤本 弘一郎 大柿 哲朗

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.45-54, 2001-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

40

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The effect of resistance training for five months was examined. Middle-aged and elderly women without an exercise habit were divided into a resistance training group (RT group), an aerobic training group (AE group), and a control group (CNT group). A questionnaire survey examined QOL, and physical characteristics, bone mineral density and physical fitness were measured before and after the intervention period. A significant improvement in the RT group was seen in regard to subjective health degree, everyday feeling, human relation and life satisfaction degree. The subjective health degree increased significantly in the AE group, while no change was seen in the CNT group in regard to all iteme. Knee extension strength, knee flexion strength, plantar flexion strength, and stepping improved significantly in the RT group. It was suggested that resistance training that could be carried out easily to allow the physical fitness of middle-aged and elderly women improve prartially, and that it an available method of improving psychological items such as subjective health and degree of life satisfaction.

著者

柏原 考爾 中原 凱文

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.55-62, 2001-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2

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The effects of moderate exercise between performing tasks on a word processor on task efficiency were investigated. The exercise was performed using a bicycle ergometer and the duration of exercise was 10 minutes. Two load strengths were used for moderate exercise : One was the strength at which a subject felt the most comfortable and the other was the estimated lactate threshold (LT) strength. Mean of comfortable strength was 50.0±20.8W and that of LT strength was 82.9±12.5W. The task performed on the word processor was to input a Japanese sentence for 10 minutes. The time to complete one sentence shown on the display was defined as "the completion time". "The completion time" was divided into "the input time", the time required to input words, and "the selection", the time required to select the correct kanji from the list. Moderate exercise had a good effect on the completion time, the completion time for both exercise conditions decreased compared to no exercise. On analysis we found that the completion time decreased because input time decreased.

著者

樋口 重和

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.171-174, 2018 (Released:2019-01-17)

著者

川端 京子 石田 宜子 岡 美智代

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.89-96, 1998-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of the study was to investigate factors related to management behavior and self-efficacy of hemodialysis(HD) patient. The study was done with 88 outpatients on HD. The patients answered self-administered questionnaires based on the following scale: management behaviors of fluid-intake and self-medication, perceived self-efficacy of those behaviors, self-care support by family, self-determination of the management behaviors, sense of fulfillment in life, mental and somatic symptoms and knowledge about HD. Better management behaviors were counted as higher scores. (1)Path analysis showed that the factors with direct positive effects on management behaviors of fluid-intake and self-medication were perceived self-efficacy of the management behaviors, self-care support by family and female gender. However knowledge about HD had a direct negative effect. (2)The factors with direct positive effects on self-efficacy of the managecment behaviors were self-care support by family and self-determination of the behaviors. These results suggest that psychosociological factors have impodant influence on management behaviors and self-efficacy in HD patients.

著者

十一 元三

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.69-70, 2018

著者

山本 敏雄

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, 2004

著者

井上 芳光 山瀧 夕紀 谷 玲子

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.1-6, 2006

参考文献数

15

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本研究では,母親の運動経験や活動性が幼児の運動量や運動能力に及ぼす影響を検討するため,健康な2〜4歳児男女75名に対して日常生活下の歩行量と3種目の運動能力テスト(テニスボール投げ・20m走・立ち幅跳び),彼らの母親に対して日常生活下の歩行量および運動歴・運動スポーツに対する価値観などを問うアンケート調査をそれぞれ実施した.アンケート結果と母親の日常歩行量の関係において,母親の運動経験年数が多い者が少ない者より日常歩行量が有意に多かった.アンケートで母親が『活動的である』および『外に出かけることが好き』と回答した2・3歳児の日常歩行量は,母親が『活動的でない』および『家の中で過ごすことが好きだ』と回答した2・3歳児の歩行量より有意に多かった.なお,この関係は4歳児ではみられなかった.日常生活下の歩行量において,母親と子どもとの間に有意な正の相関関係が2・3歳児でも4歳児でも認められた.走・投・跳に関する子どもの運動能力テストと子どもの日常歩行量の関連性において,2・3歳児では,ボール投げvs.歩行量に有意な相関が認められなかったものの,20m走や立ち幅跳びは歩行量と有意な相関関係を有した.4歳児では20m走や立ち幅跳びとともに,ボール投げでも歩行量と有意な相関傾向がみられた.以上の結果,母親の運動歴が母親自身の日常歩行量に影響し,それと母親の活動性が子どもの歩行量に反映し,ひいては子どもの運動能力にも影響する可能性が示唆された.

著者

三野 たまき 内藤 由佳 關 麻依子

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.131-136, 2008-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

27

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Many Japanese women have trouble with cold hands and feet. We examined how the skin temperature of the hands and feet are related to the environmental temperature. The subjects were eight otherwise healthy women aged 20-22 years, who complained of cold hands and feet. The dorsal and ventral skin temperatures of the hands and feet of a subject were measured using a thermotracer over two menstrual cycles. As the outside temperature and temperature in the bedroom increased from spring to summer, both the basal body and skin temperature of the hands and feet increased. However, the skin temperature of the hands and feet did not change with the basal body temperature, but were influenced more by the increase in bedroom temperature. Therefore, we compared subjects who woke up in a bedroom warmed to about 22℃ with those who woke in a bedroom at a normal winter temperature of about 9.6℃. During the low phase of body temperate, the basal body temperature and skin temperature of the hands of the subjects were significantly higher in the warmed bedroom. In other words, on warming the bedroom temperature in winter, the thermoregulatory center was under the illusion that it was spring or early summer, which played a dominant role in altering the circulation to the hands and feet.

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.4, 2006

著者

高雄 元晴 Martina Meliana

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.35-38, 2021-05-25 (Released:2021-05-25)

参考文献数

22

著者

山田 冨美雄 百々 尚美 大野 太郎 服部 祥子

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.23-28, 1999

参考文献数

11

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of seismic intensity (SI) and sex difference upon schoolaged children's stress reactions induced by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and to suggest some guidelines for stress management education. Know Yourself Questionnaire (KYQ) was used to assess children's stress reactions after disaster. The stress scores of Anxiety, Depression, Distraction, and Humanity were compared between Nishinomiya (SI=7;566 boys and 491 girls), Osaka (SI=4;462 boys and 445 girls), and children in protective institutions (SI=7;244 boys and 153 girls). KYQ was applied at 2 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the earthquake for Nishinomiya and Osaka, and at 9 months after the earthquake for protective institutions as a stress management education program. Results show that (1) the effect of seismic intensity was significant in all stress reactions, (2) significant sex difference was found in all scores, i.e., Anxiety, Depression, and Humanity scores were higher in females, but Distraction was higher in males, (3) the effect of seismic intensity interacted with sex in Depression and Distraction,and (4) children in protective institutions showed more severe stress reactions than those in Nishinomiya. These results suggest that early intervention such as our stress management education is needed for children,not only after the earthquake but also before the earthquake.

著者

小貫 泰志 武田 秀和 大枝 泰彰 北川 淳 丸山 剛生 中原 凱文

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.109-114, 2004-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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我が国の65歳以上人口は2003年9月時点で総人口の19%であり,2015年には26.0%にのぼると予測されている.この高齢者人口の増加の影響は平均寿命の長命化の影響を受け,日常生活動作(Activity of daily living:ADL)水準の低い要介護度4や5などの,重度な介護を必要とする被介護者や,寝たきりの被介護者の増加につながると思われる.また,現在の高齢障害者の介護形態は,在宅療養の充実を目的とした事業展開を推進し,施設介護から在宅介護に移行していく方向にあるが,実際は,要介護度4,5の被介護者の半数以上が介護老人保健施設や特別養護老人ホーム等で介護を受けている状況である.さらに,家族による在宅介護能力を人口比率から見ると,65歳〜84歳の高齢者1人当りの成人介護適齢期女性(娘や嫁)の人口比率は,少子高齢化のために,1990年の1.298人から2005年には世界最低水準の0.77人,2015には0.588人と半減する.そのため,重度な介護を必要とする被介護者は在宅介護では限界をきたし,介護施設への入居が圧倒的に多くなることが予想できる.

著者

大木 秀一

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.97-105, 2017 (Released:2017-10-31)

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The usefulness of twin studies as an approach to genetic study in the field of physiological anthropology is discussed. Twin studies are used to investigate the heritability of multifactorial traits, including physiological traits. The study of twins is also a powerful tool in molecular genetic studies, for example, in the detection of epigenetic differences between monozygotic twin pairs. The importance of a life-course approach is also discussed. However, a literature review showed that less than 5% of studies in physiological anthropology in Japan were genetic studies, and very few of these were twin studies. More genetic studies are expected to be performed in the field of physiological anthropology in the future.

著者

池田 悠稀 西村 悠貴 キム ヨンキュ 樋口 重和

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.69-74, 2016

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The purpose of this study was to reveal the relation between the characteristics of emotional contagion and themirror system activity. Thirty-one university students participated in this experiment. Emotional vocalizations andvideo of hand reaching and grasping a cup were presented to the participants. Facial electromyography (EMG) asemotional contagion index was recorded while presenting emotional vocalizations. Mu rhythm desynchronization inelectroencephalogram (EEG) as mirror system activity index was recorded while presenting the video. The resultshows significant correlation between the activity of facial EMG and desynchronization of mu rhythm, suggesting aperson who is likely to be affected with emotional vocalizations also shows high mirror activity.

著者

佐々木 正子 佐藤 香苗

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.25-35, 2017 (Released:2017-10-31)

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Japan faces issues associated with a super-aging society. Thus, extension of healthy life expectancy of patients through dietary modification is extremely important. However, the number of registered dietitians is not enough to improve the nutritional health of patients with personalized nutrition care because of the lack of profit from hospital nutrition divisions. We clarified the strategies to gain profit and relevant challenges by using the SWOT analysis to improve the dietary department of hospital subject to intervention. Data gathered indicate that the charge for subsidies for providing therapeutic diet, and nutrition and meal counseling should be increased. The results indicated that the cost of subsidies for providing therapeutic diet and nutrition and meal counseling should be increased. The results also suggested the necessity of reducing tasks with opportunity losses. A hospital with the system newly established has already realized the benefits of the measures implemented through the system. The system supports patients to take in the appropriate nutrients by increasing the number of registered dieticians and calculating the estimated energy requirement from the actual measurements of resting energy expenditure for personalized nutrition care.

著者

辰元 宗人

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.41-45, 2020-08-25 (Released:2020-08-25)

参考文献数

22

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Photophobia in migraine is a symptom with a dazzling light sensibility such as sun and room lighting at the time of headache attack, and the light may also cause headache attack. This paper proposes an optimal light environment for patients with migraine. It is pointed out that intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells for non-image-forming vision could be involved in the mechanism for photophobia of migraine as visual information from retina. The light environment suitable for patients with migraine can be low color temperature and low illuminance and should avoid the higher light component of blue light. Adjustment of the light environment for light-sensitive patients with migraine might possibly reduce headache attack.