著者

Yoshitake Ryohji

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

Applied Human Science (ISSN:13413473)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.6, pp.287-292, 1995

被引用文献数

13

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Small computers are much in demand for mobile computing. However, keyboard size is an obstacle to further size reduction. Reducing the space occupied by keys would affect the usability of the keyboard. On the other hand, if the keys were closer together, the fingers would reach them faster. This could improve typing performance. An experiment was therefore conducted to investigate the relationship between users' performance and the center-to-center key space of reduced-size keyboards. Eighteen touch-typists were asked to do a word typing task on five different keyboards. A standard keyboard with a key space of 19.05 mm and smaller keyboards with key spaces of 16.7, 16.0, 15.6, and 15.0 mm were used in this study. No performance degradation was found on keyboards with a key space of 16.7 mm for faster typists (those capable of about 40 wpm), including those with large fingers (97.5 percentile of Japanese adult males). For faster typists with narrow fingers, there was no performance degradation on keyboards with a key space of 15.0 mm.

著者

藤 智亮 勝田 啓亮 坂田 智海 立石 憲治

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.181-186, 2013-11-25

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In this study, neonates calming responses to three cases of noise, as well as 'no sound' case were assessed with behavioral indices. The three cases of noise are as follows; white noise, pink noise and brown noise. The subjects were 11 neonates (less than four days old). The subjects were exposed to each noise at 70 dB (A-weighted sound pressure level). It was clarified by experimental results that each noise calmed crying neonates down significantly in compare with the 'no sound' case. Particularly brown noise was most effective to calm down crying neonates, since there were marginally significant differences in coded behavioral score between brown noise and the other noises.

著者

広木 晋也 柴田 知己 佐藤 陽彦

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.147-153, 1991-07-01

著者

岩瀬 由来 伊藤 雅子 斉藤 由美子 小野 昌孝

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.66-67, 2000-11-25

著者

小関 誠 レカ ラジュ・ジュネジャ 白川 修一郎

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.143-150, 2004-11-25

被引用文献数

3

著者

石橋 彰吾

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, 2011

著者

則内 まどか 菊池 吉晃

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.135-140, 2016 (Released:2017-10-31)

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Parenting plays a critical role in the infant’s survival and optimal development, as well as in the parent-infant attachment. The parent-infant relationship provides infants with their first social environment, forming templates to interact with others. In this review, we focus on neuroimaging studies of human maternal brain associated with the development of mother-infant relationship. First, we review the functional and structural changes in the mother’s brain during the early postpartum period. Second, we discuss the neural basis of maternal love, in which the orbitofrontal cortex integrates the reward and interoceptive processing systems, which suggests that a mother’s infant is not only a reward, but also functions to protect the mother's life through the production of homeostatic emotions in the mother. Third, we discuss the maternal brain including how the orbitofrontal cortex might possibly regulate maternal stress during the “terrible twos”. Maternal stress adaptations are important not only for the maternal behavior, but also for the mother’s well-being and mental health. Finally, we focus on the long-term effects of the early experience of parental care on the infant’s brain function, including those associated with later parenting and how maternal brain might shape the infant’s current and future brain.

著者

林 文代 杉浦 静子 坂本 弘

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.91-96, 2003-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

22

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This study investigated a method of clarifying the effects of sound elements in music on blood pressure. As experimental sound conditions, two paired sets were made; one pair was composed music R and fluctuating noise corresponding to music R, the other pair was composed music S and fluctuating noise corresponding to music S. Subjects were exposed to each of the sounds for 130 sec at the most comfortable intensity level for each sound as adjusted by the individual subject. The blood pressure was measured continuously by Finapres. Elevation of the blood pressure while listening to music R was more dominant than that on exposure to fluctuating noise. That was, the effects of timbre and melody were manifested. On the contrary, the changes in blood pressure on listening to music S showed results similar to those on exposure to fluctuating noise, indicating that sound intensity, tempo, and rhythm were the main source of the effect. This study presented the new method for clarifying the physiological effects by the sound elements.

著者

新本 惣一朗 三木 由美子 山﨑 昌廣

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.75-82, 2016 (Released:2017-10-31)

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the correlation between physical strength and academic performance in Japanese elementary school children while simultaneously obtaining basic data on physical strength and academic performance. Statistically significant correlations were found between various fitness scores and various academic scores with 5th and 6th grade elementary school boys. The correlations were seen between standing jump test scores, side step test scores, as well as sit-up test scores and many academic scores with 5th grade elementary school girls. With 6th grade girls, the correlations were seen between side step test scores, multi-stage fitness as well as flexibility test scores and various academic scores. These results indicate that correlations exist between physical strength and academic performance. However, it appears to be weak.

著者

島田 茂 出村 慎一 池本 幸雄 山次 俊介 南 雅樹 長澤 吉則

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.109-117, 2003-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between physical fitness, life style, and health-status using cross sectional data in adolescent male students. A total of 581 males aged 15 to 20 years were selected as subjects for this study. The physique tests (6 items) and new physical fitness tests developed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan (9 items) were used. To assess life style and health-status, a questionnaire consisting of 75 items was constructed. Principal component analysis was applied to the partial correlation matrix, neglecting the age-effect, consisting of 9 physical fitness variables. Cramer's association coefficient and theory of quantification I were used to examine the relationship between life style, health-status and physical fitness. Cramer's association coefficients were significant for 12 variables of exercise habit, 8 variables of meal habit, 2 variables of other life style, and 4 variables of health-status. The multiple correlation coefficient between physical fitness, life style, and health-status was moderate (0.500, p < 0.01). Partial correlation coefficients were high for variables of present exercise-frequency, exercise-frequency and picky eating during junior high school days, and television-reception hour. Exercise frequency of more than three or four days a week, taking meals, and television-reception hour might be related to the maintaining or increasing the physical fitness level in adolescent male students.

著者

伊藤 理絵 本多 薫

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.83-89, 2010-11-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

11

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The purpose of this study is to examine how background music (BGM) influences the retrieval processes of pictures in memory. In this study, 9 subjects (4 males, 5 females) looked at three different pictures. Each picture was shown with a different piece of music playing in the background. None of the subjects knew that they would be asked about the music later. As a result, although the music was not consciously heard, the music itself has a factor that becomes associated with memory. Therefore, retrieval processes in memory are promoted by music. This indicates that humans use information that may not even be consciously identified to unify their confusing environment.

著者

黒川 修行 佐藤 洋

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.163-166, 2015-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

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It is widely accepted that the growth of children is a general marker of the health of children in a community. Moreover, it is assumed that the secular changes are affected by environmental conditions such as inadequate nutrition and poverty. Increases in stature of school children living in Sendai diminished at the end of the 20th century, although they remained taller and heavier than those in the preceding years after World War II. Because there was a reacceleration in growth after a reduction in acceleration, further study is required to confirm whether these secular trends are changing or not.

著者

宮野 道雄 住吉 ゆう子

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.13-16, 1999-02-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

3

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Over 5,500 people were killed directly by the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster in 1995. About 90% of the fatalities were crushed or burnt to death due to the totally collapsed buildings. Over 50% of fatalities were the elderly and it could be seen that the fatality rate of female was slightly higher than that of male. This is a same tendency to those of the past some earthquakes. Therefore, an investigation of age and sex difference in casualties due to the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster was conducted. According to results of the investigation, the fatality rate of female was higher, slightly. However, it was not so clear as in case of the past tsunami or spread of fine by earthquake and flood high tide in typhoon. Sex difference in severely wounded persons was clear rather than of dead persons.

著者

勝浦 哲夫 李 スミン

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.87-95, 2021-11-25 (Released:2021-11-25)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

1

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Many studies on the effects of light have been conducted in the field of physiological anthropology. It is generally considered that melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are involved in non-visual functions, whereas rods and cones contribute to visual functions or the perception of brightness and color. In recent years, however, it has become increasingly clear that ipRGCs also contribute to visual functions. This article reviews recent studies on the contribution of ipRGCs to visual functions, including behavioral experiments in animals, psychophysical studies in humans using the silent substitution method, and (fMRI) studies of the visual cortex.

著者

西村 貴孝

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.81-85, 2019 (Released:2019-07-10)

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Modern human (homo sapience) have spread out over the world during the ice age, this means they needed to adapt to cold environments. Recent studies suggest that the importance of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) generating from brown adipose tissue (BAT), and the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene plays an important role in BAT activity. Thus, this manuscript summarizes the relationship between human cold adaptation and the importance of UCP1 genotype to individual and populational differences of NST.

著者

新本 惣一朗 山崎 昌廣

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.67-73, 2011-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

17

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a continuous general upper-body strength training regime on athletic ability in 10-11 year-old elementary school children. During physical education class, the children performed push-ups, abdominal muscle training and flexibility training twice a week for seven months. Through the training regime, the boys improved their throwing distance, abdominal muscle strength, grip strength and running speed. However, the girls only showed an improvement in their grip strength. The training program produced no effect with regards to agility or jumping power in either sex. Moreover, there was no significant improvement in flexibility for either sex. This study indicates that although upper-body training during elementary school physical education classes is effective for improving physical fitness, the effects are different for boys and girls even with the same training.

著者

木暮 貴政 西村 泰昭 西村 章 白川 修一郎

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.171-176, 2007-11-25

被引用文献数

2

著者

樋口 重和

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.39-43, 2013-02-25

著者

村松 茂 有本 守男 木島 晃

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.67-70, 2004-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the use of hyperoxic gas generator is effective in recovery from fatigue after exercise. Ten healthy male subjects performed two trials; each consisting of ten minutes of exercise at a workload of 65%VO_2max on a bicycle ergometer and twenty minutes of recovery. The hyperoxic gas generator was applied to the one trial during recovery in order to determine its effect. The gas generator used in this study was fitted with a special film to raise oxygen concentration of the air and sent the concentraed air (30%O_2) through a pipe. The end of the pipe was set in front of the nostril within a couple of cm in accordance with the user's manual. Blood samples were collected at 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 min after each exercise session, and blood lactate concentration was measured. Pulmonary ventilation and heart rate were measured during the experiments. The subjects were questioned as to their condition afler each trial using a questionnaire. With regard to ventilation, heart rate and blood lactate concentration responses during recovery, no significant difference was found between the cases using ie hyperoxic gas and those not using it. The questionnaire investigation showed no significant difference either. These results indicate that the hyperoxic gas generator is not effective in the recovery after exercise fatigue under these experimental conditions.

著者

高井 逸史 山地 純子 田中 麻美 周藤 浩 宮野 道雄 中井 伸夫 山口 武彦 吉村 知倫 白濱 晴美 村上 将典 井上 健太郎 柄崎 隆治

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, pp.191-198, 2003

参考文献数

14

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The purpose of this paper is to describe a posture and motion for the elderly with disabilities from the viewpoint of ecological concept based on affordance theory by James J. Gibson. As their action is limited by disabilities, they can't perceive enough information which exists in environment. Therefore, they must accomplish through the thinking based on insufficient and wrong information. As a result, their posture and motion can't adapt to surrounding situation, it makes them to feel anxious and fearful. Further more, emotion such leads to limit spontaneous motion with searching. We should be related with the elderly with disabilities to woik on environment spontaneously for perceiving the relation between themselves and environment. We think that it is important for them to acquire flexible motion corresponding to environmental change.